2027届高三 人教版选择性必修一英语单元2一轮复习

人教版选择性必修一Unit 2一轮复习 板块一　情境导入——未来生活微体验 搬进智慧社区的第一天，我被各种新奇的体验包围了。请通读下面这篇体验日记，猜猜画线部分的含义，为后续词汇学习做准备。 My First Day in a Smart Community Last Monday, my family moved into our new apartment in a smart community. The moment I stepped through the door, the lights switched on automatically and the air conditioner began to cool the room. I was told that the system could learn my daily routine and adjust everything accordingly. However, my grandmother was opposed to all these innovations. "Why do I need a machine to tell me when to eat?" she complained. My parents tried to persuade her that technology would make her life easier, but she insisted on doing things the old-fashioned way. In the absence of my grandmother's approval, we decided to take it slow. We showed her how the voice command system worked—she just had to say "turn on the TV" and it happened. Gradually, she began to see the benefits. That evening, I sat on the balcony, looking at the community where every streetlight was sensor-controlled and every parcel locker was AI-managed. It hit me that the future was not some distant concept—it was right here, in the way we lived our daily lives. 【思考任务】 1. 文中哪些词与"劝说/命令/反对"有关？请画出来。 2. 文中哪些词与"转换/缺席/缺乏"有关？请画出来。 3. 你能猜出 "It hit me that..." 的意思吗？ 板块二　语境词汇串记（语法填空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Ride on a Driverless Bus in Shenzhen Last month, I had the opportunity to ride a driverless bus in Shenzhen, 1.______ has been testing autonomous public transport since 2023. The moment I got on the bus, I noticed there was no driver's seat—just a large screen 2.______ (display) the route and speed. A staff member was present, but only to answer questions and take command 3.______ emergencies. During the 20-minute ride, the bus navigated through heavy traffic 4.______ (smooth). It slowed down automatically when a pedestrian stepped onto the crosswalk, and it switched lanes 5.______ (perfect) when a delivery bike cut in front. I was 6.______ (true) amazed by how naturally it responded to the chaotic streets of Shenzhen. According to the bus company, the autonomous system has reduced traffic accidents by 40 percent in the test zones. 7.______ the absence of a human driver, passengers reported feeling safer because the AI never got tired or distracted. The bus also uses 5G to communicate with traffic lights, 8.______ helps it pass through intersections more efficiently. When I got off the bus, I couldn't help 9.______ (think) about what this means for the future. Will bus drivers become a thing of the past? Or will they switch to new roles, such as remote operators or customer service? One thing is certain: technology is changing our lives faster than we can imagine, and we need to keep 10.______ touch with these developments rather than resist them. 板块三　核心词汇精讲 本板块按语义场分组学习。A组为"人际互动类"，B组为"状态变化类"。每组词汇均配近义词辨析和原创练习。 A组　人际互动类：persuade / command / oppose ❶ persuade　vt. 劝说；说服；使信服 搭配 含义 例句 persuade sb to do sth (=persuade/talk sb into doing sth) 说服某人做某事 Finally, I persuaded my grandpa to try the smart speaker. persuade sb not to do sth (=persuade/talk sb out of doing sth) 说服某人不做某事 The doctor persuaded him not to smoke in the house. try to persuade sb to do sth (=advise sb to do sth) 尽力劝说（未必成功） I tried to persuade her to join the debate club, but she refused. persuasive adj. 有说服力的 Her persuasive speech changed many students' minds. 【近义词辨析】persuade 强调"说服成功"；convince 强调"使信服"（用道理或证据）；talk sb into doing 偏口语，"劝动某人做"。 [考点练]——单句填空 ① The community worker tried many ways to persuade the elderly residents ______ (accept) the smart meter installation. ② After listening to the engineer's ______ (persuade) presentation, the school board approved the AI classroom project. ③ My deskmate talked me into ______ (join) the school's robotics team, and I've never regretted it. [写作升级句] ④ With a racing heart, I approached the old man and ______（试图说服他试试智能手环）, saying it could monitor his heart rate in real time. ⑤ ______（成功说服校长推迟月考之后）, we all breathed a sigh of relief. ❷ command　n. 指令；命令；控制　vt. 命令；指挥；掌握 搭配 含义 例句 take command of 指挥；控制 The AI system takes command of the heating when the temperature drops below 18°C. have a good command of 精通；掌握 She has a good command of both English and programming, which makes her ideal for the job. command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 The officer commanded the soldiers to stand at attention. command that sb (should) do sth 命令某人做某事（虚拟） The principal commanded that all students (should) wear uniforms on Mondays. 【易错提醒】command 后接 that 从句时，从句谓语用 "(should) + 动词原形"，should 可省略。同类动词口诀：一坚持(insist)；二命令(command, order)；三建议(advise, suggest, propose)；四要求(request, require, demand, ask)。 【近义词辨析】command 侧重"权威命令"；instruct 侧重"指示、指导"（更正式）；direct 侧重"导演、指挥"（方向性强）。 [考点练]——单句填空 ① The drone received a command from the ground control that it ______ (return) immediately due to the coming storm. ② The coach commanded the team ______ (run) five extra laps after they lost the match. ③ Not only ______（她精通英语口语）, but she also has rich experience in cross-cultural communication. [写作升级句]——一句多译 ④ 为了缓解交通拥堵，市政府命令所有公务车每周少开一天。 → The city government ______（command v.）to reduce traffic congestion. → The city government ______（command that…）to reduce traffic congestion. ❸ oppose　v. 反对；抵制；阻挠 搭配 含义 例句 oppose (one's) doing sth 反对（某人）做某事 Many residents oppose building a new factory near the residential area. be opposed to (doing) sth 反对（做）某事 My grandpa is opposed to using mobile payment because he worries about security. opposition n. 反对；对立；对抗 Despite strong opposition, the project was eventually approved. 【近义词辨析】oppose (be opposed to) 语气较强，"坚决反对"；object to 侧重"因反感而反对"；disagree with 语气最弱，"不同意"；be against 口语化，"反对"。 [考点练]——单句填空 ① The local villagers are opposed to ______ (cut) down the ancient banyan tree to make way for the road. ② Despite facing ______ (oppose) from some experts, the young scientist continued her research on AI-assisted farming. [写作升级句] ③ I learn from your letter that ______（你父母反对你参加机器人比赛）, which makes you very upset. Here are some suggestions. ④ ______（所有同学都反对我的计划）, I felt a lump in my throat and rushed out of the classroom. B组　状态变化类：switch / absence ❹ switch　vt. 转换；交换　vi. & vt. (使)改变　n. 开关；改变 搭配 含义 例句 switch off (=turn off) 关上（电灯、电视等） Please switch off the lights when you leave the classroom. switch on (=turn on) 打开（电灯、电视等） She switched on the reading lamp and opened her novel. switch (from…) to… (从……)转变为…… Many factories have switched from coal to solar energy. make a switch to 调整为；转向 The company made a switch to remote work after the pandemic. 【近义词辨析】switch 侧重"切换、转换"（如开关、频道、话题）；shift 侧重"转移、移动"（位置/重心变化）；flip 侧重"轻按、翻转"（flip a switch 按开关）。 [考点练]——单句填空 ① The teacher switched the discussion ______ a more interesting topic after noticing students were getting bored. ② He took up the violin at age six, ______ (switch) to the erhu three years later after hearing a folk concert. ③ As the smart home system learns your habits, it can automatically switch ______ the air conditioner before you arrive home. [写作升级句] ④ I ______（正要关台灯）when my little sister rushed in, holding a drawing she had made for me. ❺ absence　n. 不存在；缺席；缺乏 搭配 含义 例句 in one's absence 在某人不在时 The monitor took charge in the teacher's absence. in the absence of sth 没有某物；缺乏某物 In the absence of clear guidelines, students often feel confused about AI usage. absence of mind 心不在焉 His absence of mind during the lecture cost him several key points. absent adj. / be absent from… 缺席的；缺少的 She was absent from school for three days due to illness. absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的；健忘的 The absent-minded professor forgot where he had put his keys again. 【熟词生义】absent 还可表示"缺乏的、不存在的"，如：Snow is absent in some southern cities.（南方有些城市从不下雪。） 【近义词辨析】absence 泛指"缺席、缺乏"；lack 侧重"数量不足"；shortage 侧重"供应短缺"（物资/人手）。 [考点练]——单句填空/熟词生义 ① During the online learning period, many students struggled in the ______ (absent) of face-to-face interaction with teachers. ② The student was absent ______ the online class because his internet connection was unstable. ③ The ______ (absent) of rain for two months has caused severe drought in the southern provinces. [写作升级句] ④ I am writing to apologize for ______（我缺席了你的线上生日派对）last Friday due to a power outage in my neighborhood. 短语储存：keep in touch 系列 短语 含义 用法说明 get in touch with 和……取得联系 表动作，常与 try, want 等连用 be/keep/stay in touch with 与……保持联系 表状态 lose touch with 与……失去联系 表动作 be out of touch 失去了联系 表状态 【近义表达】stay connected / keep in contact / maintain contact with 均可表示"保持联系"，写作中可替换使用，避免重复。 [考点练]——短语填空 ① After graduation, we promised to ______ each other through WeChat groups. ② I tried to ______ you yesterday, but your phone was switched off the whole time. ③ We ______ for over five years since she moved abroad for her master's degree. [写作升级句] ④ ______（和你的主治医生保持联系）after you leave the hospital is essential for your recovery. 板块四　句型透视 句型一　before 引导时间状语从句 【教材原句引用】Nevertheless, it will be several years before most new homes start using this new technology.（然而，大多数新家要过好几年才会开始使用这项新技术。） 【句式点拨】 before 引导时间状语从句，译法灵活，不要死译成"在……之前"。 句型 含义 例句 It will be + 一段时间 + before… 要过多久才……（将来） It will be another decade before self-driving cars become common on Chinese roads. It was + 一段时间 + before… 过了多久才……（过去） It was three hours before the firefighters put out the warehouse fire. It won't be long before… 用不了多久就…… It won't be long before AI can write essays that are indistinguishable from human writing. It wasn't long before… 没过多久就…… It wasn't long before the new energy-saving policy showed its effects. [考点练]——单句填空 ① It may take at least five years ______ the new high-speed rail line between Chengdu and Kunming is fully operational. ② It has been three decades ______ the internet was first introduced to China. ③ Because of the heavy snow, it was already midnight ______ the rescue team reached the trapped villagers. [写作升级句] ④ ______（没过多久，一顿丰盛的年夜饭就做好了）, filling the whole house with the smell of dumplings and braised pork. ⑤ The exhibition was so fascinating that ______（不知不觉三个小时就过去了）when we finally reached the exit. 句型二　the instant 引导时间状语从句 the instant = as soon as，"一……就……"，引导时间状语从句，相当于 the moment / the minute / immediately / directly。 【例句】 The instant I stepped into the classroom, I knew something was wrong—everyone was staring at me. The smart lock opens the instant it recognizes your face. [考点练]——完成句子 ① ______（一听到这个好消息）, she jumped up and down with excitement. ② The lights in the hallway turn on automatically ______（你一走到门口）. 板块五　当堂过关检测 Ⅰ 单句填空（共15题；1-5基础，6-10中档，11-15压轴） 1. It is still difficult to ______ (accurate) predict when an earthquake will strike. 2. With the right ______ (combine) of traditional craftsmanship and modern design, the workshop has revived the ancient art of Shu embroidery. 3. The new metro line is a very ______ (efficiency) way to travel across the city. 4. The teacher's words served as a ______ (warn) to all students who were considering cheating on the exam. 5. The older generation often put up ______ (resist) to new technologies like mobile payment and food delivery apps. 6. ______ (walk) through the old alley, I was amazed by how many smart devices had been installed in the traditional houses. 7. In recent years, many universities have shifted ______ (emphasize) from exam scores to practical skills and innovation. 8. Regardless of the weather or the ______ (distant), the village doctor makes sure every patient in the mountain area receives timely treatment. 9. It is widely advocated that students ______ (teach) basic financial literacy in high school. 10. The expert made a bold ______ (predict): by 2035, more than half of all new cars sold in China will be electric. 11. The C919, China's first domestically developed large passenger jet, ______ (complete) its first commercial flight in May 2023, ______ (mark) a milestone in the country's aviation industry. 12. Parents can express a ______ (prefer) for the school their child attends, but the final decision ______ (make) by the local education bureau based on district zoning. 13. Her ______ (occupy) is a software engineer specializing in AI algorithms, so she ______ (occupy) with developing new models most of the time. 14. Not only teachers but also librarians, tour guides, and even lawyers ______ (find) their jobs transformed by AI in the coming decade. 15. The ______ (normal) phenomenon of extreme weather events—such as the record-breaking heatwave in Sichuan and the floods in Henan—has raised public awareness of climate change. Ⅱ 短语检测（共10题） 1. The old man had accidentally ______（关上）the gas valve, so the water wouldn't heat up. 2. The team encountered many technical difficulties ______（早些时候）, but they managed to overcome them one by one. 3. ______（从这个意义上看）, the development of AI is not just a technological revolution but a social one. 4. My best friend is moving to another city, but we promise to ______（与……保持联系）through regular video calls. 5. China has not only ______（从……中获益）the global digital economy but also contributed significantly to its growth. 6. It is important to set a monthly budget so you can ______（了解……的情况）where your money goes. 7. The athletes had to adjust their ______（日常生活）and training schedule after moving to the new training base. 8. The company advocates repairing old electronics ______（而不是）throwing them away, in line with the circular economy principle. 9. Many rural students find it hard to learn English well ______（缺乏……）a native-speaking environment. 10. The dry grass in the forest is so flammable that it can ______（着火）with a single spark. Ⅲ 重点句型（共5题） 1. She rushed out of the classroom ______（一听到火警铃声）. (the instant) 2. Although it was only a few hours ______（我们被救援队找到）, it felt like an eternity. (before) 3. ______（一方面）, online learning offers flexibility and convenience; ______（另一方面）, it lacks the face-to-face interaction that many students need. 4. The city has been suffering from smog for weeks, ______（这使得人们很难进行户外活动）. 5. What impressed me most was not the size of the robot ______（而是它与人互动的方式）. Ⅳ 课文语法填空（共10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 AI Helps Restore Dunhuang Murals For over a thousand years, the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang have been home to some of the world's most magnificent Buddhist murals. However, time and weather 1.______ (gradual) damaged these priceless artworks. In recent years, artificial intelligence 2.______ (bring) new hope to the restoration efforts. The Dunhuang Academy, in 3.______ (cooperate) with tech companies, has developed an AI system that can analyze high-resolution photos of the murals and identify damaged areas. The system works by comparing each section with 4.______ (preserve) images from the 1980s, when the murals were in better condition. It then suggests the most appropriate colors and patterns for restoration. Before the use of AI, restorers had to examine every centimeter of the murals 5.______ hand, a process that could take years for a single cave. Now, the AI can complete the initial analysis in a matter of days, 6.______ allows restorers to focus on the actual repair work. "The technology doesn't replace us," says one restorer, "7.______ it gives us more time to do what requires human judgment and artistic skill." The academy has also created a digital library 8.______ contains over 30 high-resolution images of the murals, 9.______ (make) them accessible to people around the world. In this way, even those who cannot travel to Dunhuang can appreciate these cultural treasures. It is hoped that through the combination of technology and human effort, the Dunhuang murals 10.______ (survive) for another thousand years. 板块六　语言素养提升 Ⅰ 动词变形练（共6题） 1. We'll go hiking in the Mogan Mountains this weekend, weather ______ (permit). 2. According to the new regulation, visitors ______ (permit) to take photos in the museum but without using flash. 3. The students are ______ (picnic) by the West Lake, enjoying the spring breeze and the blooming cherry blossoms. 4. The outdoor concert, originally ______ (plan) for last Saturday, was postponed due to the typhoon. 5. A career without careful ______ (plan) is like sailing without a compass. 6. She couldn't focus on her reading without ______ (plug) her ears, because the construction noise outside was unbearable. Ⅱ 构词法规则：名词后缀 -ence / -ance 指出下列黑体词的含义。 1. The new subway line, with its dedicated lanes and smart stations, has faced resistance from some shop owners along the route, who worry about losing customers during construction. 2. Walking through the ancient town at dawn, without any occurrence of tourists, I felt a profound sense of peace. 3. Despite repeated assurances from the manufacturer that the electric scooter is safe, many consumers remain skeptical about its battery life. 4. Only by practicing speaking every day can we improve our English competence and gain confidence in cross-cultural communication. Ⅲ 熟词生义练 指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义。 1. head ① After visiting the Terracotta Warriors, we headed for the city center to try the local snack roujiamo. ② Professor Li was chosen to head the research team on AI-assisted traditional Chinese medicine. 2. hearing ① The court hearing lasted for three days, during which both sides presented their evidence regarding the copyright dispute. ② My grandmother's hearing is not as good as it used to be, so we bought her a hearing aid. 3. hit ① When you start learning a new language, you'll hit roadblocks, but don't give up—consistency is key. ② The basketball player hit the winning three-pointer at the buzzer, and the whole stadium erupted in cheers. ③ When I saw the empty classroom on graduation day, it hit me that my high school years were truly over. ④ The heatwave hit the Yangtze River Delta region last summer, causing power shortages in several cities. ⑤ The sci-fi film The Wandering Earth became a big hit with Chinese audiences, grossing over 4.6 billion yuan. 4. hold ① The new stadium can hold up to 80,000 spectators, making it one of the largest in Asia. ② The security guard held the thief in a firm grip until the police arrived. ③ Many experts hold the view that AI will create more jobs than it replaces, though the transition will be painful. 5. inch ① The cat inched closer to the bird feeder, moving so slowly that it was barely noticeable. ② The bullet missed the soldier's head by mere inches, a reminder of how close he had come to death. 6. charge（新增） ① The suspect was arrested and charged with theft after the security footage identified him. ② My phone is running low on battery; I need to find a place to charge it before the next class. ③ The experienced guide took charge of the expedition, ensuring everyone's safety in the mountains. 7. fair（新增） ① The book fair held at the Shanghai Exhibition Center attracted over 200,000 visitors this year. ② It's not fair to blame the whole class for the mistake of one student. ③ The weather forecast says it will be fair and sunny this weekend, perfect for a picnic. 板块七　写作素养提升 写作任务：建议信——为智能家居产品提建议 【写作题目】 假设你是李华，你的社区最近安装了一批智能家居设备，但很多老年人反映使用困难。请你给某科技公司写一封建议信，内容包括： 1. 反映老年人使用智能家居的困难； 2. 提出至少两条具体建议； 3. 表达期待。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【普通版范文】 Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to tell you about a problem. Many old people in my community find it hard to use the smart home devices you installed. They don't know how to use the voice control and the screen is too small for them to read. I have some suggestions. First, you should make the buttons bigger and add more Chinese instructions. Second, you can teach old people how to use the devices in community workshops. I hope you will consider my suggestions. Thank you. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【升级版范文】（标注修改点） Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to share some feedback regarding the smart home devices recently installed in our community. ①The instant they were put into use, many elderly residents found themselves struggling with the new technology. The voice command system, ②which was supposed to make life easier, often fails to recognize their dialects, and the touchscreen buttons are too small for aging eyes. To address these issues, I would like to offer two suggestions. First, ③it would be greatly appreciated if you could enlarge the interface buttons and add voice guidance in local dialects. Second, organizing regular workshops in the community center would help seniors get the hang of these devices—④in the absence of patient guidance, many of them simply switch the system off out of frustration. I sincerely hope my suggestions will be taken into consideration. ⑤It won't be long before smart homes become truly accessible to people of all ages. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【升级点说明】 标号 普通版表达 升级版表达 升级理由 ① Many old people find it hard to use The instant they were put into use, many elderly residents found themselves struggling with 用 the instant 句型 + find oneself doing 结构，更有画面感 ② （无定语从句） which was supposed to make life easier 非限制性定语从句补充说明，句式更丰富 ③ you should make the buttons bigger it would be greatly appreciated if you could enlarge… 委婉语气，符合建议信的礼貌原则 ④ （无） in the absence of patient guidance… switch the system off out of frustration 用本单元短语 in the absence of + switch off，回扣单元词汇 ⑤ I hope you will consider my suggestions It won't be long before smart homes become truly accessible… 用 before 句型收尾，呼应单元重点句型，立意更高 【谋篇布局】 Paragraph 1：写信目的 + 问题描述（用 the instant 句型引入） Paragraph 2：具体建议（至少两条，用 First / Second 衔接，融入本单元词汇） Paragraph 3：表达期待（用 before 句型收尾，升华主题） 【可迁移高级词汇】 struggle with（与……斗争/费力做）、be supposed to（应该）、address these issues（解决这些问题）、get the hang of（掌握窍门）、out of frustration（出于沮丧）、take into consideration（考虑）、accessible to（可接近的） 动作描写素材库——手部动作 + 眼部动作 + 脚步动作 读后续写中，动作描写是让文章"活"起来的关键。以下按身体部位分类整理，可直接迁移使用。 一、手部动作 中文 英文表达 中文 英文表达 打击，撞击 hit 拉 pull 推 push 拽 drag 擦 wipe 揉 rub 挥手 wave 拥抱 hug/embrace 轻拍轻打 tap/pat 猛击 pound/punch 连续击打 beat 拿，抓 seize/grasp/grab/clutch 捡起 pick up 拍手 clap one's hands 拉住某人的手 take/hold one's hand 与……握手 shake hands with 摊开双手 spread one's hands 伸出手 reach out a hand 举起手 raise one's hand 搓着手 rub one's hands 用双手捂住脸 cup one's hands over one's cheeks 手拉手 hand in hand 二、眼部动作（新增） 中文 英文表达 中文 英文表达 盯着看 stare at / gaze at 瞥一眼 glance at / take a glance at 怒视 glare at 凝视 peer at / peer into 眨眼 blink / wink 眼眶湿润 one's eyes brim with tears 热泪盈眶 tears well up in one's eyes 目光相遇 one's eyes meet 移开视线 look away / avert one's gaze 上下打量 look sb up and down 眯着眼看 squint at 瞪大眼睛 one's eyes widen / pop 三、脚步动作（新增） 中文 英文表达 中文 英文表达 蹑手蹑脚地走 tiptoe 踱步 pace back and forth 漫步 stroll / wander 冲，奔 dash / rush / dart 蹒跚而行 stagger / stumble 大步走 stride 溜走 slip away / sneak out 撤退 retreat / back away 犹豫不前 hesitate / hang back 追上 catch up with 踩，踏 step on / tread 绊倒 trip over / stumble over 【跟踪演练】 Ⅰ 单句表达 1. She ______（拉住孩子的手）and helped him cross the busy street. 2. He ______（和我握手）firmly, as if we were old friends reunited after years. 3. She shrugged and ______（摊开双手）, saying, "I'm afraid that's all I can do for you." 4. He ______（伸出一只手）and ______（抓住她的手臂）before she fell off the stage. 5. I ______（轻轻拍了拍他的肩膀）to get his attention during the boring lecture. 6. She ______（用双手捂住脸）in embarrassment when the teacher announced her name. 7. When the teacher asked who had broken the window, several students ______（低下头）, avoiding eye contact. 8. The old man ______（蹒跚着走向）the bus stop, leaning heavily on his cane. Ⅱ 语段表达 阅读下面语段，用括号内的中文提示完成动作描写。 The sports meet was in full swing. When the starting gun fired, all the runners 1.______（冲了出去）, their muscles tense and eyes fixed on the finish line. In the final lap, Li Ming, who had been running third, 2.______（加快了脚步）and overtook the runner in second place. The crowd 3.______（跳了起来，挥舞着手臂）, shouting his name at the top of their lungs. Just as Li Ming was about to cross the finish line, his foot 4.______（绊倒了）the track marker and he stumbled forward. But he quickly regained his balance and 5.______（伸出双手）, breaking the tape first. The whole stadium erupted in cheers as his classmates 6.______（冲上前去，拥抱他）, tears of joy streaming down their faces. Unit 2　LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE 精品听课手册 · 答案与解析 本答案版按正文板块顺序编排。单句填空和语法填空附简短解析，重点题加易错提醒。写作部分附范文升级对比。 板块二　语境词汇串记（语法填空）答案 1. which　——非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Shenzhen，在从句中作主语，用 which。 2. displaying　——现在分词作后置定语，screen 和 display 是主动关系，"显示路线和速度的屏幕"。 3. of　——固定搭配 take command of，"指挥、控制"。这里指工作人员只在紧急情况下接管。 4. smoothly　——词性转换。修饰动词 navigated 要用副词，smooth → smoothly。 5. perfectly　——词性转换。修饰动词 switched 用副词，perfect → perfectly。 6. truly　——词性转换。修饰形容词 amazed 用副词，true → truly（注意去 e 加 y）。 7. In　——固定搭配 in the absence of，"缺乏、没有"。句首大写。 8. which　——非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话"公交车用5G与红绿灯通信"，用 which。 9. thinking　——固定搭配 can't help doing sth，"忍不住做某事"。 10. in　——固定搭配 keep in touch with，"与……保持联系"。 【易错提醒】第6题 true 变 truly 要去 e，别写成 truely。类似的有 due → duly，但有的词不去 e 如 immediate → immediately，别搞混。 板块三　核心词汇精讲 答案 A组　人际互动类 ❶ persuade ① to accept　——persuade sb to do sth，"说服某人做某事"。 ② persuasive　——词性转换。修饰名词 presentation 用形容词，"有说服力的展示"。 ③ joining　——talk sb into doing sth，"劝动某人做某事"，into 是介词，后面加 doing。 ④ tried to persuade him to try the smart wristband　——try to persuade 强调"尽力劝说"（未必成功），用过去式。 ⑤ Having persuaded the headmaster to put off the monthly exam / Persuading the headmaster out of holding the monthly exam　——现在分词作状语，"说服……之后"用 having done 强调动作先后；也可用 persuade sb out of doing 结构。 【易错提醒】persuade 是"说服成功"，try to persuade 是"尽力劝"（不一定成功）。第④题后面说"说它能实时监测心率"，说明还在劝，所以用 tried to persuade，不用 persuaded。 ❷ command ① (should) return　——command 后接 that 从句，从句用虚拟语气 "(should) + 动词原形"，should 可省。 ② to run　——command sb to do sth，"命令某人做某事"。 ③ does she have a good command of spoken English　——not only 置于句首，句子要部分倒装；have a good command of，"精通"。 ④ commanded all government vehicles to be used one fewer day per week；commanded that all government vehicles (should) be used one fewer day per week　——一句多译，分别用 command sb to do 和 command that…(should)… 结构。注意"公务车"和"使用"是被动关系。 【易错提醒】第①题看到 command that 就要条件反射：从句用 (should) do。同类动词记口诀"一坚持二命令三建议四要求"，考试高频。 ❸ oppose ① cutting　——be opposed to doing sth，"反对做某事"，to 是介词，后面加 doing。 ② opposition　——词性转换。facing 后面接名词，"面对反对"。 ③ your parents oppose you taking part in the robotics competition / your parents are opposed to your taking part in the robotics competition　——oppose doing / be opposed to doing 两种结构都可以。 ④ All of my classmates were opposed to my plan / All my classmates opposed my plan　——两种表达均可，注意 be opposed to 中 to 是介词。 【易错提醒】be opposed to 里的 to 是介词！不是不定式符号。后面接名词或 doing，不能接 do。第①题如果写成 to cut 就错了，这种题最容易坑人。 B组　状态变化类 ❹ switch ① to　——switch sth to sth，"把……转换为……"。 ② switching　——现在分词作伴随状语，he 和 switch 是主动关系。 ③ on　——switch on，"打开"。智能家居系统在你到家前自动开空调。 ④ was about to switch off the desk lamp　——be about to do…when…，"正要做某事这时……"。 【易错提醒】第④题是经典句型 be about to do…when…，when 在这里是"这时突然"，不是"当……时候"。看到后面有 when 从句，前面用 was about to do 最贴切。 ❺ absence ① absence　——词性转换。in the absence of，"缺乏……"，介词 of 前面用名词。 ② from　——be absent from，"缺席……"。 ③ absence　——名词作主语，"两个月没有下雨"。 ④ my being absent from your online birthday party　——apologize for 后面接名词或动名词；be absent from，"缺席"。用动名词的复合结构 one's doing。 【易错提醒】第①题 in the absence of 是固定搭配，别看到 absent 就直接填 absent，前面有 the 说明要名词。第④题 apologize for 后面不能直接接从句，要改成动名词复合结构 my being absent…，这是写作高频考点。 短语储存：keep in touch 系列 ① keep in touch with　——"与……保持联系"，表状态，前面有情态动词 can，用原形。 ② get in touch with　——"和……取得联系"，表动作，try to 后面用原形。 ③ have been out of touch　——"失去了联系"，表状态，后面有 for over five years，用现在完成时。 ④ Keeping in touch with your doctor　——动名词短语作主语，"和医生保持联系"这件事很重要。 板块四　句型透视 答案 句型一　before ① before　——It will take + 一段时间 + before…，"要过多久才……"。 ② since　——It has been + 一段时间 + since…，"自从……已经多久了"。注意和 before 区分：since 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 ③ when　——"当她到达办公室时，已经是午休时间了"。when 引导时间状语从句。 ④ It was not long before a big New Year's Eve dinner was ready　——It wasn't long before…，"没过多久就……"。注意年夜饭用被动。 ⑤ three hours had passed before we realized it / before we knew it　——"不知不觉……就过去了"，before we realized/knew it 是固定表达。 【易错提醒】第②题最容易错成 before。区分方法：since 句型是"自从某事发生已经多久了"（某事已经发生了），before 句型是"要过多久某事才发生"（某事还没发生）。这里"互联网引入中国"已经发生了，所以用 since。 句型二　the instant ① The instant she heard the good news　——the instant = as soon as，"一……就……"，引导时间状语从句。 ② the instant you reach the door / the instant you walk to the entrance　——the instant 引导从句，用一般现在时表将来。 板块五　当堂过关检测 答案 Ⅰ 单句填空 1. accurately　——修饰动词 predict 用副词，accurate → accurately。 2. combination　——the right + 名词 + of，"正确的……组合"，combine → combination。 3. efficient　——修饰名词 way 用形容词，efficiency → efficient。 4. warning　——a + 名词 + to，"对……的警告"，warn → warning。 5. resistance　——put up resistance to，"对……进行抵制"，resist → resistance。 6. Walking　——现在分词作时间/伴随状语，I 和 walk 是主动关系。 7. emphasis　——shift emphasis from…to…，"把重点从……转移到……"，emphasize → emphasis。 8. distance　——the + 名词，or 连接并列结构，前面 weather 是名词，后面也用名词。 9. (should) be taught　——It is advocated that… 从句用虚拟语气 "(should) + 动词原形"；students 和 teach 是被动关系。 10. prediction　——a bold + 名词，"大胆的预测"，predict → prediction。 11. completed; marking　——第一空有具体时间 in May 2023，用一般过去时；第二空现在分词作结果状语，"标志着……里程碑"。 12. preference; is made　——第一空 a + 名词，"偏好"；第二空 decision 和 make 是被动关系，用一般现在时被动。 13. occupation; is occupied　——第一空 her + 名词，"职业"；第二空 be occupied with，"忙于……"。 14. will find　——in the coming decade，"在未来十年"，用一般将来时。 15. abnormal　——"反常的现象"，normal → abnormal（加前缀 ab- 表否定）。极端天气是反常的。 【易错提醒】第9题看到 It is advocated that 就要想到虚拟语气 (should) do。类似的还有 It is suggested/required/demanded that…，都是高频考点。另外 students 和 teach 是被动，别漏了 be taught。 【易错提醒】第11题是压轴题，考两个点：具体过去时间用一般过去时（completed），现在分词作结果状语（marking）。看到逗号后面没有连词，就要考虑用非谓语。 【易错提醒】第15题 normal 变否定加前缀 ab-，不是 un-。类似的有 use → abuse（滥用），normal → abnormal（反常的）。别写成 unnormal，那是错的。 Ⅱ 短语检测 1. switched off　——"关上"，过去完成时 had + 过去分词。 2. early on　——"早些时候"，固定短语。 3. In this sense　——"从这个意义上看"，句首大写。 4. keep in touch with　——"与……保持联系"，promise to 后面用原形。 5. benefited from　——"从……中获益"，现在完成时 has + 过去分词。 6. keep track of　——"了解……的情况、追踪"，情态动词 can 后面用原形。 7. daily routine　——"日常生活"，形容词 daily 修饰名词 routine。 8. rather than　——"而不是"，连接两个动名词 repairing 和 throwing。 9. in the absence of　——"缺乏……"，固定搭配。 10. catch fire　——"着火"，情态动词 can 后面用原形。 Ⅲ 重点句型 1. the instant she heard the fire alarm　——the instant 引导时间状语从句，"一……就……"。 2. before we were found by the rescue team　——before 引导时间状语从句，"在……之前"。主句是过去时，从句也用过去时。 3. On the one hand; on the other hand　——"一方面……另一方面……"，固定搭配，句首大写。 4. making it hard for people to do outdoor activities　——现在分词作结果状语，"这使得……"。make it + adj. + for sb to do sth。 5. but the way it interacted with people / but the way in which it interacted with people　——not…but…，"不是……而是……"；the way 后面接定语从句，可用 that / in which / 省略。 【易错提醒】第5题 the way 后面的定语从句是高频考点。三种写法都对：the way (that)… / the way in which… / the way…（省略关系词）。考试中最常用省略形式，但要知道 that 和 in which 也可以。 Ⅳ 课文语法填空（AI Helps Restore Dunhuang Murals） 1. gradually　——修饰动词 damaged 用副词，"逐渐损坏"。 2. has brought　——in recent years，"近年来"，用现在完成时；AI 是不可数名词，用 has。 3. cooperation　——in cooperation with，"与……合作"，固定搭配，cooperate → cooperation。 4. preserved　——过去分词作定语，"被保存的图像"，images 和 preserve 是被动关系。 5. by　——by hand，"手工地"，固定搭配。 6. which　——非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话"AI几天就能完成初步分析"，用 which。 7. but　——not…but…，"不是……而是……"，前后转折。 8. that / which　——定语从句，先行词是 digital library，在从句中作主语，用 that 或 which。 9. making　——现在分词作结果状语，"使得它们可以被全世界的人访问"。 10. will survive　——"希望敦煌壁画能再存活一千年"，用一般将来时表期望。 【易错提醒】第2题看到 in recent years 就要条件反射用现在完成时。类似的时间标志还有 so far, up to now, already, yet, recently。第7题 not…but… 是固定搭配，别填成 and 或 however。 板块六　语言素养提升 答案 Ⅰ 动词变形练 1. permitting　——独立主格结构，weather 和 permit 是主动关系，"天气允许的话"。 2. are permitted　——visitors 和 permit 是被动关系，"游客被允许"，用一般现在时被动。 3. picnicking　——现在进行时 are + doing，picnic 变现在分词要加 k：picnicking。 4. planned　——过去分词作后置定语，"原本计划的"，concert 和 plan 是被动关系。 5. planning　——without / 介词后面接名词或动名词，"没有仔细规划的职业"。 6. plugging　——without 是介词，后面接动名词，plug 变现在分词双写 g：plugging。 【易错提醒】第3题 picnic 变现在分词是 picnicking，要双写 c 加 k 再加 ing。类似的有 traffic → trafficking，panic → panicking。这种以 c 结尾的词，变 -ing/-ed 时要加 k。 Ⅱ 构词法（-ence / -ance） 1. resistance：反对，抵制　——resist（动词）+ -ance → resistance（名词）。 2. occurrence：发生，出现　——occur（动词）+ -ence → occurrence（名词，注意双写 r）。 3. assurances：保证，担保　——assure（动词）+ -ance → assurance（名词）。 4. competence：能力，胜任　——compete（动词）+ -ence → competence（名词）。 【易错提醒】-ance 和 -ence 都是名词后缀，意思一样，但拼写不同，没有绝对规律，需要逐个记。常见的 -ance 有：importance, appearance, performance, resistance, assistance；常见的 -ence 有：difference, confidence, existence, occurrence, reference。 Ⅲ 熟词生义 1. head：①朝（某方向）行进　②率领，领导 2. hearing：①审问，听证会　②听力，听觉 3. hit：①碰到，遇到（困难）　②打，击（球）　③使突然想起　④使受严重影响，打击　⑤很受欢迎的事物 4. hold：①容纳　②按住；使不动　③持有（某种观点） 5. inch：①缓慢移动　②很短的距离 6. charge：①指控，控告　②充电　③负责，掌管 7. fair：①展览会，集市　②公平的　③晴朗的 【易错提醒】熟词生义是高考完形和阅读的高频考点。建议遇到一个记一个，特别是 hit, hold, charge, fair 这种"小词大意思"的词。第3题 hit 的五个意思都要掌握，尤其是 it hit me that…（我突然想到……），写作也能用。 板块七　写作素养提升 答案 写作任务：建议信 【升级版范文】 Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to share some feedback regarding the smart home devices recently installed in our community. The instant they were put into use, many elderly residents found themselves struggling with the new technology. The voice command system, which was supposed to make life easier, often fails to recognize their dialects, and the touchscreen buttons are too small for aging eyes. To address these issues, I would like to offer two suggestions. First, it would be greatly appreciated if you could enlarge the interface buttons and add voice guidance in local dialects. Second, organizing regular workshops in the community center would help seniors get the hang of these devices—in the absence of patient guidance, many of them simply switch the system off out of frustration. I sincerely hope my suggestions will be taken into consideration. It won't be long before smart homes become truly accessible to people of all ages. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【评分要点】 维度 得分点 本文表现 内容完整 反映困难 + 两条建议 + 表达期待 全部覆盖，建议具体可操作 词汇丰富 使用本单元词汇和高级表达 struggle with, be supposed to, address, get the hang of, in the absence of, switch off, out of frustration, take into consideration, accessible 句式多样 the instant 句型、非限制性定语从句、it 作形式主语、before 句型 四种高级句式自然融入 语气得体 建议信用委婉语气 it would be greatly appreciated if…, I sincerely hope… 衔接连贯 First / Second 分层，逻辑清晰 段落间过渡自然 动作描写 跟踪演练 答案 Ⅰ 单句表达 1. took the child's hand / held the child's hand　——"拉住孩子的手"，过去式。 2. shook my hand　——"和我握手"，shake hands with sb / shake one's hand。 3. spread her hands　——"摊开双手"，过去式。 4. reached out a hand; grabbed / seized / held her arm　——"伸出手"和"抓住手臂"，两个动作都用过去式。 5. tapped him on the shoulder / patted him on the shoulder　——"轻拍某人的肩膀"，注意搭配 tap/pat sb on the + 部位。 6. put her hands to her cheeks / cupped her hands over her cheeks　——"用双手捂住脸"。 7. hung their heads / lowered their heads　——"低下头"，避免眼神接触。 8. staggered towards / stumbled towards　——"蹒跚着走向"，过去式。 【易错提醒】第5题"拍某人的肩膀"是英语特有结构：动词 + sb + 介词 + the + 身体部位。不能说 tapped his shoulder，要说 tapped him on the shoulder。类似的还有 hit sb in the face, catch sb by the arm。 Ⅱ 语段表达 1. dashed out / rushed out　——"冲了出去"，过去式。 2. quickened his pace / sped up　——"加快了脚步"。 3. jumped to their feet, waving their arms　——"跳了起来，挥舞着手臂"，现在分词作伴随状语。 4. tripped over / stumbled over　——"绊倒"，过去式。 5. reached out his hands / stretched out his arms　——"伸出双手"。 6. rushed forward and hugged him / dashed up to him and embraced him　——"冲上前去，拥抱他"。 【易错提醒】语段表达要注意时态一致——整个段落描述过去的运动会场景，全部用一般过去时。第3题"跳了起来，挥舞着手臂"，"挥舞"是伴随动作，用现在分词 waving，不要写成 waved，否则就成了两个并列谓语，需要加 and。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $