Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元语法 定语从句之关系代词练习-2026-2027学年高一英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦定语从句关系代词，通过高考真题与基础题结合，系统覆盖关系代词核心用法，强化语言运用与逻辑分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|40题（含2024新高考I/II卷、2026全国卷等真题）|考查关系代词（that/which/who/whom/whose）选择，涵盖先行词为人/物/不定代词等场景|从基础先行词（人/物）到特殊情况（如the way、既有人又有物），构建"先行词特征→关系代词功能"逻辑链| |完成句子|10题|语境化补全定语从句，需结合语义确定关系代词|衔接语法规则与语用表达，提升语言理解与输出能力|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 4 Natural Disasters 定语从句之关系代词 一、语法填空 1.（2026年全国一卷）Drawn by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ____63____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 【63题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导限制性定语从句，stands(摊位)是先行词，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。 2.（2026年浙江1月）The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream ____41____ always ended in laughter. 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：微波炉的警报声很大，但我们用自己的表演掩盖了那个声音，仰起头对着天空大喊——一声尖叫总是以笑声结束。本空引导定语从句，先行词是a scream，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 3.（2024·新高考I卷·语法填空）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 【答案】which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Silk Route，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 4.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 5．The first thing he did after arriving home was doing his homework. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：他到家后做的第一件事就是做家庭作业。此空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The first thing，定语从句中缺少did的宾语，先行词被序数词（如 first, second, last等）修饰时，关系代词只能用that。 6．The Chinese will never forget the earthquake happened in 2008 in Sichuan. 【答案】that/which 【详解】句意：中国人民永远不会忘记2008年发生在四川的那场地震。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词earthquake在从句中作主语，用关系代词which/that作引导词。 7．The most important festivals are the ones seek the end of winter and the coming of spring. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：最重要的节日是那些寻求冬日结束、春天来临的节日。先行词是the ones，指代前文提到的festivals，指物，在定语从句中作主语，当先行词是不定代词ones且指代物时，关系代词常用that。 8．The students are interested in biology should attend the lecture. 【答案】who/that 【详解】句意：对生物感兴趣的学生应该参加此讲座。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替指人的先行词students在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that作引导词。 9．The theme park we visited last month has an enormous roller coaster. 【答案】which/that 【详解】句意：我们上个月游览的那个主题公园有一个巨大的过山车。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替指物的先行词theme park在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which/that作引导词。 10．The woman I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal. 【答案】who/that/whom 【详解】句意：我在报纸上了解到的那位女士刚刚斩获了一枚金牌。空处引导限制性定语从句，它在从句I read about in the newspaper中充当 read about 的宾语，先行词是指代人的The woman，可以用关系代词who/whom或者that；因为引导词作宾语，日常书写里引导词也可以省略。 11．We will explore a particular type of food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：我们将探索一种特殊的食物，它的力量主要在于它能唤起人们的联想。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是food，关系词在从句中作power的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。 12．The book   cover is blue contains plenty of useful learning knowledge. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：这本蓝色封面的书籍包含大量实用的学习知识。设空处引导定语从句，先行词The book，在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词cover，用关系代词whose修饰cover，表示“书的封皮”。 13．There is nothing can stop us from chasing our dreams. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：没有什么能够阻止我们去追寻自己的梦想。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词nothing，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that引导从句。 14．Recently, many Western musical artists have released their live albums — a format has seemingly lost its appeal. 【答案】which/that 【详解】句意：近来，许多西方音乐艺人纷纷发行了他们的现场专辑——但这种形式似乎已失去了其原有的吸引力。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a format，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that作引导词。 15．When the Spanish explorer Cortez reached Mexico in the sixteenth century, he found people there using a drink was called chocolate. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当西班牙探险家Cortez在16世纪到达墨西哥时，他发现那里的人们喝一种叫做巧克力的饮料。此处为定语从句修饰先行词a drink，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。 16．Many cheap human snacks, like fries and bread, are just not good for animals. Also, animals   are fed  by humans will lose their fear of people. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多廉价的人类零食，比如薯条和面包，对动物来说是不好的。而且，被人类喂养的动物也会失去对人类的恐惧。本句含有一个定语从句，修饰先行词animals，且先行词在从句中作主语，指代动物，应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。 17．It is difficult to find a taxi waiting at the train station at this time you can hire to reach your host family. 【答案】which或that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在这个时候，很难找到一辆在火车站等着你的出租车，你可以租它去你的寄宿家庭。此处a taxi是先行词，在后面的定语从句中做宾语，故填which或that。 18．The plant has four petals and its branches stretch upward, is native to China. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这种植物有四个花瓣，它的枝干向上伸展，是中国特有的。分析句子可知，此处是一个非限制定语从句修饰先行词The plant，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 19．As a solution, Anderson designed and patented wood and rubber arms would push rain and snow off the window at the pull of a lever (控制杆). 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：作为解决方法，Anderson设计了一个木质的橡胶手臂并申请专利，这个手臂可以通过控制杆将车窗上的雨和雪推掉。该句为定语从句，先行词为wood and rubber arms，并在从句中做主语，应由关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which. 20．We’re looking at the benefits of systems control their speed as a way of preventing that. 【答案】that或which。 【详解】考查 定语从句。句意：我们正在查看这种系统的优点，作为阻止这种行为发生的方法，这种系统能够控制它们的速度。分析句子结构，空格处应该填入作主语的关系代词，再根据先行词是systems，指物，故填that或which。 21．Each team plays ten or eleven games each season begins in September and ends in November. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：每个队每个赛季打10到11场比赛，每个赛季从9月开始到11月结束。此处是定语从句，先行词是each season，指物，在从句中作主语，可用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 22．Anyone upgrades their professional knowledge to a new level can apply for these courses. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：任何将专业知识更新到一个新水平的人都可以申请这些课程。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词anyone，且在定语从句中作主语，关系代词为who，故填who。 23．We expect you to become someone of we'll feel very proud in the future. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意为：我们希望你将来能成为我们会为之骄傲的人。feel proud of意为“为……感到自豪”，引导词置于介词of后作宾语，且先行词为someone，指人，故填whom。 24．Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一些专家们认为阅读是学校教育依赖的基础。引导词在定语从句中位于介词upon的后面作宾语，故用关系代词且指代先行词the fundamental skill，因此用which。 25．She showed me the way to the only tall building stood near the school. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她带我去学校附近唯一的一幢高楼。分析句子，定语从句部分缺“主语”故引导词用关系代词，先行词指物且别the only 修饰，故填that。 26．Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path took me through a dark forest. 【答案】that/which 【详解】 考查定语从句。句意：去年春天，在黄石公园，我沿着一条小路穿过了一片黑暗的森林。“　　____ took me through a dark forest”是定语从句，修饰先行词path，指物，关系词在从句中做主语， 应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 27．And I’ve found that the possibilities lie within books are limitless. 【答案】which/that 【分析】本题考查语法语境应用能力。 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：并且我发现书中的可能性是无限的。分析可知，“____________  lie within books are limitless”为之前名词“the possibilities”的定语从句，先行词“the possibilities”指物，在从句中作主语，可用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。 28．Einstein often encountered people on the street would ask him to help explain things. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人，他们会请他帮忙解释一些事情。此处为定语从句修饰先行词people，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 29．They discovered the medical treatments showed promise in the fight against malaria. 【答案】that或者which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们发现了在对抗疟疾方面显示出希望的药物。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词treatments，在从句中作主语，应该使用that或者which引导定语从句。故填that或者which。 30．The reason he explained at the meeting was that he did not catch the first bus. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在会上解释的原因是他没赶上头班公共汽车。句中先行词为reason，指物，在定语从句中作动词explained的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/which。 31．Is there anything else in particular you’d like to share with me? 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：你还有什么其他特别的事想和我分享吗？分析句子结构，“________you’d like to share with me”是限定性定语从句，先行词是不定代词anything，在从句中作share的宾语，应用that引导定语从句。故填that。 32．They talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in the school. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们谈了很多他们记得的学校里的人和事。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 things and persons ，先行词在从句中作宾语，且先行词既有人又有物，只能用that引导从句。故填that。 33．He pointed out such a key problem with the experiment we could never afford to ignore(忽视). 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他指出了实验中的一个关键的我们决不能忽视的问题。分析句子可知，从句是定语从句，先行词是 problem，且先行词前有such修饰，所以关系词用as。故填as。 34．One’s character is always defined by the way the rules are carried out in one’s behavior. 【答案】in which/that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：一个人的性格总是由他在行为中执行规则的方式所决定的。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the way，当先行词是way的时候，定语从句引导词可以用in which或that或什么也不用。故填in which/that。 35．The International Red Cross is an organization purpose is to help the sick and the needy. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：国际红十字会是一个旨在帮助病人和有需要的人的组织。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词organization在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词purpose，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 36．The man is talking about the teachers and things encouraged him greatly in school. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这个人正在谈论在学校里给他很大鼓励的老师和事情。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the teachers and things”，在从句中作主语，既指人又指物，故应用关系代词 that，故填that。 37．The designer and his works you have admired really live up to our standards. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：你们所欣赏的那位设计师和他的作品确实符合我们的标准。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是The designer and his works，在从句中作宾语，先行词既有人又有物，应用that引导，故填that。 38．Please go through the text and underline the words meanings you don’t know. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：请浏览课文，并在你们不知道意思的单词下面划线。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是words，由于meanings和先行词words是从属关系，即meanings缺少定语，故填whose。 39．In the café, customers will feel comfortable in the pleasant environment is created for them. 【答案】that/ which 【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：在咖啡馆里，顾客会在为他们创造的愉快的环境中感到舒适。分析句子可知 is created for them为定语从句，先行词为environment，在从句中作主语，指代事物，故填that/ which。 40．They talked about the people and the things attracted their attention in their English classes. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们在英语课上谈论吸引他们注意的人和事。分析句子结构，　　　　①　　　　 attracted their attention in their English classes是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the people and the things，关系词指代先行词the people and the things（既有人又有物）并在从句中作主语，只能用that引导，故填that。 二、完成句子 41．正站在那边的那个女孩是谁? Who is the girl ___ ___ ___ over there? 【答案】 that is standing 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，为限制性定语从句，the girl为先行词，作从句的主语成分，且句首疑问词为Who，关系代词用that；从句部分表示“正站着”用be standing结构，现在进行时，the girl为单数，be动词用is。故填①that；②is；③standing。 42．学校图书馆是一种资源，你可以利用它来取得进步。 The school library is a resource ________ you can ________ ________ ________ to make progress. 【答案】 which/that take advantage of 【详解】考查定语从句及定语从句。分析句子成分可知，第1空引导限定性定语从句，先行词是a resource，关系词替代先行词在定从中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导；第2、3、4空表示“利用”，应用动词短语take advantage of，作定语从句的谓语动词，空前有情态动词can，应用动词原形。故填①which或that；②take；③advantage；④of。 43．他们必须是各自体育项目中的佼佼者，并且也为他人树立良好的榜样。 They must be athletes ________ ________ ________ in their sports and also ________ ________ ________ for others. 【答案】 who are masters set good examples 【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。根据汉语可知，句子在描述一般性的事实，时态宜用一般现在时。前三个空表示“佼佼者”，根据空前“athletes”可推知，此处可用限制性定语从句修饰先行词athletes，先行词指人，是复数，在从句中作主语，引导词可用who，谓语动词可用are，表语“佼佼者”可用名词masters；后三个空表示“树立良好的榜样”，可用动词短语set good examples。故依次填who、are、masters、set、good、examples。 44．你会获得你从未获得过的体验。 You’ll gain the experience ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 you have never got 【详解】考查定语从句、时态和副词。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“experience”，指事物，“you”表示“你”，作从句主语，从句应用现在完成时，表示到现在为止，从未获得过的体验，“you”与“have”连用，“never”意为“从未”，副词词性，“get”意为“获得”，动词词性，过去分词为“got”，从句中缺少宾语，故应用“that”或“which”引导从句，可省略，“you have never got”表示“你从未获得过的”。故填you; have; never; got。 45．The sun said that ________________ will be the stronger. 太阳说谁能使行人脱下衣服，谁就更强大。 【答案】the one who/that can make the traveler take off his coat 【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。从句主语为the one，在定语从句中作主语，此处指人，故用who或that；表示“让某人做某事”短语为make sb. do sth.，can后跟动词原形；表示“行人”应用traveler；“脱下衣服”短语为take off his coat。故填the one who/that can make the traveler take off his coat。 46．她低下头，为自己在晚会上的行为羞愧不已。 She lowered her head, feeling ashamed of the way ________________. 【答案】that/in which she behaved at the party 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处应为修饰the way的定语从句，先行词the way在从句中作方式状语，应用that或in which引导从句，从句中主语“她”she，谓语“表现”behave，由lowered可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词应用过去式形式，“在晚会上”at the party在句中作状语。故填that/in which she behaved at the party。 47．我最尊敬的人是我的语文老师，他中等身材，戴着一副眼镜。 The person I respect most is my Chinese teacher ________________ and wears a pair of glasses. 【答案】who is of average height 【详解】考查定语从句和短语。定语从句修饰先行词teacher，在从句作主语，指人，应用who；表示“中等身材”短语为be of average height。根据后文wears应用一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填who is of average height。 48．青少年吃垃圾食品的数量逐年上涨，这逐渐损害了他们的健康。 ________________, which gradually ruins their health. 【答案】The amount of junk food teenagers eat goes up year by year 【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。空后为which引导的非限制性定语从句，设空处考查“青少年吃垃圾食品的数量逐年上涨”，在句中为主句，此句陈述目前现状，用一般现在时；“……的数量”为the amount of，“垃圾食品”为名词短语junk food，“青少年吃”修饰“垃圾食品”表达为定语从句that/which teenagers eat修饰先行词junk food，关系代词that/which在从句中作宾语，可省略；“青少年吃垃圾食品的数量”表达为the amount of junk food teenagers eat；“上涨”用动词短语go up表达，作谓语，“逐年”为year by year；the amount of junk food作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，“青少年吃垃圾食品的数量逐年上涨”表达为the amount of junk food teenagers eat goes up year by year，the位于句首，首字母大写。故填The amount of junk food teenagers eat goes up year by year。 49．日常生活中发生的事情会改变你看待世界的方式。 Something that happens in your daily life will change ________________. 【答案】the way (that/in which) you look at the world 【详解】考查定语从句。“方式”为名词way，此处是特指，前面应用定冠词来修饰，“你看待世界的”为定语从句修饰the way，“看待世界”为look at the world，“你看待世界”描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，翻译为you look at the world，修饰先行词the way，且关系词指代先行词在从句中作状语，应用that/in which或省略关系词来引导定语从句，故填the way (that/in which) you look at the world。 50．那些懂得如何包容他人的人自然会过得幸福。 Those ________________ can naturally lead a happy life. 【答案】who know how to tolerate others 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构，本句为包含定语从句的复合句，修饰先行词those，因关系词在定语从句中做主语指人，使用关系代词who引导定语从句，表示“懂得如何包容他人的人”含义的表达为：know how to tolerate others，因从句表示的是一个客观情况，从句谓语动词使用一般现在时，故填who know how to tolerate others。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 4 Natural Disasters 定语从句之关系代词 一、语法填空 1.（2026年全国一卷）Drawn by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ____63____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 2.（2026年浙江1月）The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream ____41____ always ended in laughter. 3.（2024·新高考I卷·语法填空）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 4.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money. 5．The first thing he did after arriving home was doing his homework. 6．The Chinese will never forget the earthquake happened in 2008 in Sichuan. 7．The most important festivals are the ones seek the end of winter and the coming of spring. 8．The students are interested in biology should attend the lecture. 9．The theme park we visited last month has an enormous roller coaster. 10．The woman I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal. 11．We will explore a particular type of food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. 12．The book   cover is blue contains plenty of useful learning knowledge. 13．There is nothing can stop us from chasing our dreams. 14．Recently, many Western musical artists have released their live albums — a format has seemingly lost its appeal. 15．When the Spanish explorer Cortez reached Mexico in the sixteenth century, he found people there using a drink was called chocolate. 16．Many cheap human snacks, like fries and bread, are just not good for animals. Also, animals   are fed  by humans will lose their fear of people. 17．It is difficult to find a taxi waiting at the train station at this time you can hire to reach your host family. 18．The plant has four petals and its branches stretch upward, is native to China. 19．As a solution, Anderson designed and patented wood and rubber arms would push rain and snow off the window at the pull of a lever (控制杆). 20．We’re looking at the benefits of systems control their speed as a way of preventing that. 21．Each team plays ten or eleven games each season begins in September and ends in November. 22．Anyone upgrades their professional knowledge to a new level can apply for these courses. 23．We expect you to become someone of we'll feel very proud in the future. 24．Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends. 25．She showed me the way to the only tall building stood near the school. 26．Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path took me through a dark forest. 27．And I’ve found that the possibilities lie within books are limitless. 28．Einstein often encountered people on the street would ask him to help explain things. 29．They discovered the medical treatments showed promise in the fight against malaria. 30．The reason he explained at the meeting was that he did not catch the first bus. 31．Is there anything else in particular you’d like to share with me? 32．They talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in the school. 33．He pointed out such a key problem with the experiment we could never afford to ignore(忽视). 34．One’s character is always defined by the way the rules are carried out in one’s behavior. 35．The International Red Cross is an organization purpose is to help the sick and the needy. 36．The man is talking about the teachers and things encouraged him greatly in school. 37．The designer and his works you have admired really live up to our standards. 38．Please go through the text and underline the words meanings you don’t know. 39．In the café, customers will feel comfortable in the pleasant environment is created for them. 40．They talked about the people and the things attracted their attention in their English classes. 二、完成句子 41．正站在那边的那个女孩是谁? Who is the girl ___ ___ ___ over there? 42．学校图书馆是一种资源，你可以利用它来取得进步。 The school library is a resource ________ you can ________ ________ ________ to make progress. 43．他们必须是各自体育项目中的佼佼者，并且也为他人树立良好的榜样。 They must be athletes ________ ________ ________ in their sports and also ________ ________ ________ for others. 44．你会获得你从未获得过的体验。 You’ll gain the experience ________ ________ ________ ________. 45．The sun said that ________________ will be the stronger. 太阳说谁能使行人脱下衣服，谁就更强大。 46．她低下头，为自己在晚会上的行为羞愧不已。 She lowered her head, feeling ashamed of the way ________________. 47．我最尊敬的人是我的语文老师，他中等身材，戴着一副眼镜。 The person I respect most is my Chinese teacher ________________ and wears a pair of glasses. 48．青少年吃垃圾食品的数量逐年上涨，这逐渐损害了他们的健康。 ________________, which gradually ruins their health. 49．日常生活中发生的事情会改变你看待世界的方式。 Something that happens in your daily life will change ________________. 50．那些懂得如何包容他人的人自然会过得幸福。 Those ________________ can naturally lead a happy life. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $