天津2026-2027学年高二英语上学期第一次月考练习卷(外研版选择性必修第一册)

绝密★考试结束前 2026-2027学年高二英语上学期第一次月考（天津卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：130分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．—It will clear up tomorrow. Shall we go out for a picnic? —________ I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning. A．It's up to you. B．That's settled. C．Have you got that? D．Forget it 2．My first _______ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. A．expression B．attention C．satisfaction D．impression 3．To ensure that I can ________ my study, my father does whatever he can do for me. A．cheer up B．cross out C．concentrate on D．contribute to 4．Mr. White put forward several suggestions in the meeting, none of ________ gained support from his teammates. A．them B．whom C．which D．who 5．______ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it is wise to replace our classroom teaching with it completely. A．If B．While C．Because D．That 6．China's high-speed railways ______ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. A．are growing B．have grown C．grew D．had grown 7．Disneyland offers people many forms of . A．endurance B．emotions C．entertainments D．embarrassments 8．__________ Beijing Opera to the basic education in China is a big step to promote traditional art. A．Adding B．Added C．Add D．Having added 9．________ has a debate attracted so much media attention. A．Cruelly B．Rarely C．Really D．Gently 10．It’s helpful to put children in a situation______ they can see themselves differently. A．when B．which C．that D．where 11．I don't figure out why Jackson ______ the job offer. After all, he has been out of work for a year. A．turned down B．put down C．turned up D．put up 12．Though David received the________ from the school basketball team, he didn’t give up his dream and continued practicing hard. A．interaction B．companionship C．cooperation D．rejection 13．I will ask my assistant to ______ you about the result of the discussion, as soon as the manager comes back. A．inform B．intoxicate C．probe D．sharpen 14．He became the first black man to be ________ president. A．suspected B．elected C．concluded D．examined 15．— It is believed that robots will take the place of human beings one day. — ______. After all, they don’t have their own thinking. A．It’s a pity B．I beg to differ C．That’s right D．I couldn’t agree more 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I always dreamed of becoming a full time writer. After two years as a salesman, I 16 my job and made up my mind to realize my 17 . No one could tell me whether I would succeed or not. I rented a basement and 18 to write. I had so many things to write because the enthusiasm (热情) was 19 in my heart. After a year or so, 20 , I began to doubt myself. I found it 21 to earn my living by writing. None of my novels were 22 that year. But I 23 to follow my dream, even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of 24 . I believed anyone with a dream must learn to struggle for the 25 . During the hardest period of my life, a friend came to see me and tried to 26 me, “Come to our company, 27 we will pay you 2,000 dollars a month.” 2,000 dollars was really a big fortune at that time. It would enable me to live a 28 life. As the money was dancing in my 29 , something cleared my senses. Hadn’t I dreamed of being a writer, a full-time writer? “Thanks, but no,” I said 30 , “I’m going to stick to writing.” Again and again, I said to myself, “I will be 31 . People will love my novels.” 32 my first novel was published in 1991. I had the kind of success that few writers ever 33 . Twenty years have passed, but the effect it had on my life has 34 . Now I often 35 the time working in that cold basement. I will say, “Anyone with a dream and persistence will be successful.” 16．A．took up B．gave up C．applied for D．prepared for 17．A．mistake B．glory C．weakness D．dream 18．A．settled down B．turned down C．bent down D．looked down 19．A．decreasing B．failing C．burning D．exploding 20．A．however B．though C．therefore D．thus 21．A．enjoyable B．difficult C．changeable D．normal 22．A．translated B．attacked C．accepted D．ignored 23．A．pretended B．determined C．waited D．agreed 24．A．anxiety B．danger C．judgement D．failure 25．A．intelligence B．reality C．money D．goal 26．A．persuade B．calm C．warn D．comfort 27．A．or B．but C．and D．so 28．A．healthier B．poorer C．better D．simpler 29．A．head B．life C．future D．ambition 30．A．doubtfully B．eagerly C．willingly D．firmly 31．A．successful B．faithful C．sincere D．generous 32．A．Gradually B．Suddenly C．Actually D．Finally 33．A．admitted B．experienced C．designed D．proved 34．A．ended B．lasted C．changed D．weakened 35．A．dream of B．complain of C．hear of D．think of 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A To mark International Women’s Day, we asked Dezeen Awards judges to nominate (提名) a woman in architecture and design who should have greater recognition. Shefali Balwani Nominated by Kamna Malik “Shefali Balwani is an Indian architect. Her projects have a certain voice that goes beyond the conventional definitions of architecture and design. Whenever I look at her work, I see mindfulness on so many levels, whether it is through the use of materials or the sensitivity shown towards the surroundings.” Oana Stänescu Nominated by Ingrid Moye “Having met Oana Stänescu many years ago while working at SANAA in Tokyo, we have not only been following each other’s path but also become friends. I admire Oana’s curious perspective (视角) through which she observes the world. Her refreshing voice shows not only in her original architectural practice but also in her work as an academic, lecturer, and writer.” Tatu Gatere Nominated by Stella Mutegi “Tatu Gatere is the co-founder and CEO of Buildher — an organization that seeks to empower women with skills needed in the construction industry, which is very male-dominated in Kenya. The skills that these women are empowered with at Buildher make a big impact on every aspect of their daily lives.” Jessica Smulders Cohen Nominated by Katie Treggiden “Having studied sustainable design at Kingston University, Jessica Smulders Cohen decided not to become a designer or a maker, but instead to become a repair specialist. Jess and her work deserve more recognition because our whole industry needs to move away from pursuing newness and instead prioritize reuse and repair — it is the only hope we have for a circular future that will enable our species to live well on this planet.” 36．What do Balwani and Stänescu have in common? A．Writing many books. B．Being creative architects. C．Working for SANAA in Tokyo. D．Empowering construction workers. 37．What can we know about Ingrid Moye? A．She is a writer. B．She is a friend of Stänescu. C．She once worked for Stänescu. D．She thinks Stänescu has a beautiful voice. 38．Whose organization improves the lives of Kenyan women? A．Shefali Balwani’s. B．Oana Stänescu’s. C．Tatu Gatere’s. D．Jessica Smulders Cohen’s. 39．What is Cohen? A．A designer. B．A maker. C．An architect. D．A repair specialist. 40．Why does Treggiden nominate Cohen? A．She excels at designing and making. B．She contributes to a sustainable planet. C．She promotes equal rights between genders. D．She gets where she is through self-education. B On a sunny Sunday morning, I went to my first ballet class. But I didn’t do any dancing. This was Class on Stage, a rare opportunity to watch dancers warm up during their daily 75-minute class. I went in knowing that I would be impressed by the physicality of it. Top athletes aren’t born; they’re made. Forty-five minutes into the class, the dancers didn’t even look tired. While watching dancers quietly plie (下蹲屈膝) with complete control was calming, watching the floor exercises that came next was anything but. The sequences were short but became increasingly complicated, so I stopped paying attention to the directions I couldn’t follow, and simply allowed myself to observe the remarkable results. At the end of the class. I applauded and watched the dancers leave the stage. They had already accomplished so much with their day, and I was left in complete awe, not just of my inadequacy, but also of their effort. As I headed home, I tried to think of the last time I worked as hard as those dancers at anything in my own life. So much has been made easier by technology: I can listen to any song I want, whenever I want. I can have pretty much anything delivered. I can stay in touch with friends without making the time to see them. But instead of taking shortcuts, maybe I should look for challenges. Because once you start doing challenging things, they become easier, and then you know you can do them. With the determination and discipline of ballet dancers still fresh in my mind, I commit to doing some hard things: I get back in the habit of practicing a language I’ve been trying to learn. I lift heavier weights. I take the stairs. I write the essay. Nothing demands as much of me as what ballet demands of those dancers every day. They inspire me. So, I guess what I’m trying to say is that sometimes a fitness class can change your life, even if you’re not the one taking it. 41．Which statement accurately describes the ballet class mentioned in the passage? A．The writer actively took part in dancing. B．The dancers didn’t look exhausted despite the physicality. C．The warm-up session lasted only 45 minutes that morning. D．The writer could follow the directions throughout the session. 42．How did the author feel when the ballet class ended? A．She was amazed by how hard the dancers worked. B．She regretted not putting more effort into ballet. C．She believed she could face life’s difficulties better. D．She felt embarrassed about her own lack of determination. 43．By mentioning the technology that has made life easier, the writer means that ________. A．Technology allows people to avoid difficult tasks B．Using technology helps improve work efficiency C．A simple life requires rejecting modern tools D．Technology’s convenience may reduce motivation to seek challenges 44．What has the writer learned from her first ballet lesson? A．Fitness classes build both body and mind strength. B．We should push ourselves to seek challenges for self-improvement. C．Difficult things are worth trying as long as you enjoy doing them. D．Watching others practice ballet is a good way to improve ourselves. 45．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Fitness classes are of no significance. B．Only through taking part in ballet can one truly change. C．Observing others’ commitment can inspire personal growth. D．Fitness classes are essential for everyone’s life improvement. C Over the past 300 years, 1.5 billion hectares (公顷) of forest have been lost, resulting in biodiversity loss, desertification, and increased flooding risks. In the book Treewilding, ecologist Jake Robinson explains while the solution to forest clearing might appear straightforward—simply plant millions of trees—the reality is far more confusing. Random tree planting can threaten ecosystems and the livelihoods of local communities. This charming book mainly reveals how a well-developed approach is required — one that integrates (融入) the latest scientific advancements, for instance. Treewilding asks us to reflect on our interconnectedness (相互联系) with the woods, a realization that is perhaps the biggest “secret” to restoring nature. Tree-planting initiatives have exploded since the turn of the century. Globally, the area of planted forests rose from 170 million hectares in 1990 to 293 million hectares in 2024. However, unless thoroughly researched and well organized, tree planting can backfire. Often, only one type of tree is planted across pieces of land. This reduces biodiversity, in terms of plant species and the wildlife and micro-organisms associated with them. Because trees of the same species can all fall victim to the same diseases, a whole forest can be wiped out at once. Moreover, non-native trees can beat local species, disturbing the local balanced ecosystems. To solve environmental crises, Robinson advocates a more informed strategy. He speaks to Forrest Fleischman, a specialist in forest and environmental policy, who highlights how local people depend on forests for highly self-sufficient agricultural activities. Fleischman also proposes that locals know well what species are best suited to the environment and how these species are interconnected with the local wildlife and ecosystem. The author also describes the concept of ecoacoustics (生态声学). The approach uses the sounds made by organisms including birds and bats to explore the composition of and changes in ecosystems. Working with ecoacoustics specialist Carlos Abrahams, Robinson concludes that as forests are recovered, the number of animals hidden in the soil increases, producing an “underground soundscape—a hidden symphony of life”. Robinson ultimately emphasizes natural regeneration—just as a phoenix (a mythical bird) is reborn from its own ashes (灰烬), a damaged forest can regenerate itself. 46．What is the main focus of Jake Robinson’s Treewilding? A．The importance of technology in modern agriculture. B．The changes of global forests over the past 300 years. C．Major benefits of maintaining healthy ecosystems. D．Effective methods in solving the loss of forests. 47．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 4? A．Lead to negative outcomes. B．Produce predictable results. C．Facilitate relevant initiatives. D．Encourage sustainable growth. 48．What might Fleischman expect tree-planting organizers to do? A．Increase the number of non-native species planted. B．Standardize planting practices across different regions. C．Take natives’ knowledge in planting processes into consideration. D．Encourage locals to adopt advanced agricultural methods at once. 49．What insight can researchers gain through the ecoacoustics approach? A．The economic benefits of forest recovery. B．The health and biodiversity of ecosystems. C．A better understanding of local soil composition D．A potential change of forest temperature over time. 50．What can be the best title for the text? A．Forest clearing poses a serious threat to us. B．Repairing forests is more than just planting trees. C．Natural regeneration is the key to ecosystem restoration. D．The underground soundscape allows us to know nature better. D The world is full of advice on how to get a good night’s sleep, but sometimes doing so just isn’t possible. If you are struggling with a sleep disorder, are a shift worker or have a baby who. wakes every few hours, being told how to sleep well can be annoying. For others, despite feeling exhausted all day, a fourth episode of your favorite TV series can seem more appealing than going to bed. How do you know if you are sleep-deprived? For some people, the answer will be obvious; for others, it may be less so. Russell Foster, a professor at the University of Oxford, specifies three signs that you are probably not getting enough sleep: “Feeling that you don’t perform at your peak during the day; oversleeping on free days; or craving (渴望得到) a nap during the day.” “Lack of good sleep can cause an imbalance in your appetite hormones,” says Martin Meadows, a registered dietitian: “The hormone ghrelin, which causes you to feel hungry, increases and the hormone leptin, which signals that you are full; decreases.” As Meadows says: “It’s a perfect storm where we want to eat more and we don’t know when to stop, combined with the fact that when we are sleep-deprived our willpower is lower, and it all becomes pretty tricky. Poor sleep, or sleep deprivation (匮乏), leads to an increased likelihood of poor lifestyle choices. Many of us get stuck in the habit of eating junk food, and the knock-on effect is that the junk food disturbs our sleep, because it’s higher in sugar; it’s more stimulating.” “Short term, you can get away with the negative influence of sleep deprivation of you,” says Foster. “It’s in the long term that things start to fall apart.” He catalogues the ill effects: “Your cognitive performance. drops with accumulated sleep deprivation—your communication skills, your decision-making skills, your memory.” There is also an increased risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, depression and psychosis. Fortunately, according to Meadows, most of us could do with an extra hour to an hour and a half of sleep each night to cope with sleep deprivation. And if you had a bad night’s sleep, Meadows recommends “making a conscious effort to choose foods such as wholegrains, beans, fruits and vegetables. Because they are packed with fiber and water, they will help you feel full while limiting your overall energy intake.” 51．The examples given in the first paragraph are intended to ______. A．list reasons why people hate advice on good sleep B．highlight the harm caused by sleep deprivation C．present the factual phenomenon of lack of sleep D．form a contrast with the following paragraphs 52．How does lack of good sleep affect appetite according to Martin Meadows? A．It disturbs the feeling of being hungry or full. B．It ruins your appetite instead of feeling hungry. C．It causes imbalance in eating and sleeping D．It has no impact on appetite hormones. 53．Which of the following message is conveyed by Meadows in paragraph.4? A．When it’s stormy outside, we crave for junk food and a good night sleep. B．When we feel under the weather, we should eat less and sleep more. C．We should combine healthy eating with regular sleep together. D．Bad eating and sleep deprivation contributes to each other. 54．Which of the following may, NOT be a consequence of sleep deprivation? A．Irregular heartbeat. B．Failing memory. C．Poor decision-making. D．Bad choices of lifestyle. 55．People lacking sleep are encouraged to ______. A．sleep for as long as they want during the day B．watch one episode of their favorite TV series C．prevent yourself from energy intake each night D．consume food rich in fiber and water 第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 At a comedy night at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, members of the school’s Stand-up Comedy Club (单口喜剧俱乐部) bring lots of laughter to their schoolmates. They give funny speeches, tell jokes and make humorous body movements. These college student comedians may feel unsure of themselves at first, but the experience is highly enjoyable. Their humor entertains their schoolmates and helps relieve the stress of these young, busy audience. Ariella Shua joined the club last year. She says she has become a better observer of what is going on around her. She does not go anywhere without bringing something on which she can take notes. Later, when she’s trying to write her own set, she can look through it to see if there is anything that she can use. Every school wants its students to perform best in their studies, but some colleges and universities also motivate their students to explore their abilities and develop interests beyond their field of study. Joining an on-campus club is a good way to do that. Nicholas Scandura, the president of the comedy club, finds that writing is one of the many skills he has developed since joining the club. “Writing jokes is really fun,” he said. “It takes much critical thinking.” The club gives its members a sense of community. When they meet, they share funny experiences, tell jokes and laugh. Over the past ten years, stand-up comedy clubs have become common on college campuses in America. He said now everyone wants to do it because the culture of stand-up has gotten a lot of media attention and become more popular. Last year, Harry Kuperstein joined the club and discovered it was a natural fit. Noticing the funny qualities of different situations improved his way of looking at the world. Becoming an active member also helped him work on the future skills he will need as a medical doctor. “When talking to patients as a doctor, I think that having jokes ready to go might help smooth these interactions.” he said. 56．According to the passage, what is the contribution of the student comedians at Johns Hopkins University? (no more than 15 words) 57．Why does Ariella Shua try to take notes wherever she goes? (no more than 10 words) 58．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 3? (1 word) ? 59．How will the club experience benefit Harry Kuperstein with his future career? (no more than 10 words) 60．Do you think laughter plays an essential role in your life? Please explain it. (no more than 25 words) 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61．假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，学校将于下周举行10公里徒步活动。请你用英语写一份邀请函，邀请外教Chris参加本次远足活动，内容包括： (1)活动内容： (2)活动时间、地点； (3)活动意义。 参考词汇： 10公里徒步活动 a 10-km hike 注 意 ： (1)词数不少于100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Jin 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★考试结束前 2026-2027学年高二英语上学期第一次月考（天津卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：130分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．—It will clear up tomorrow. Shall we go out for a picnic? —________ I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning. A．It's up to you. B．That's settled. C．Have you got that? D．Forget it 【答案】B 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——明天天气就放晴了，我们出去野餐好吗？——就这么定了。明天早上我在学校门口等你。A.It's up to you.你决定吧；B.That's settled.就这么定了；C.Have you got that?你明白了吗？D.Forget it.算了吧。根据答语“I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.”（明天早上我在学校门口等你。）可知，回答者同意了提问者的邀请，故选B。 【点睛】 2．My first _______ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. A．expression B．attention C．satisfaction D．impression 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对他的第一印象是他是个友善的考虑周到的年轻人。A. expression表达；B. attention注意；C. satisfaction 满意；D. impression印象。根据he was a kind and thoughtful young man可知，此处指“我对他的第一印象”。故选D。 【点睛】词义辨析题在高考中有所涉及，每年的趋势不尽相同。对于词义辨析题目，首先可以从句意着手，看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键，其次四个选项的意思也要了如指掌。这对于平时学生的学习仔细度提出了要求，学生在平时的学习中要勤积累，多记忆，多查字典，以便在考试时能够迅速准确的答出。 3．To ensure that I can ________ my study, my father does whatever he can do for me. A．cheer up B．cross out C．concentrate on D．contribute to 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了确保我能专心学习，我父亲为我做了他能做的一切。A. cheer up使高兴；B. cross out勾掉；C. concentrate on使集中于；D. contribute to有助于。根据后文“my study”指专心学习，应用concentrate on。故选C。 4．Mr. White put forward several suggestions in the meeting, none of ________ gained support from his teammates. A．them B．whom C．which D．who 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：怀特在会议上提出了几项建议，但都没有得到队友的支持。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为several suggestions，为物，作none of后的宾语，所以应用关系代词which引导。故选C项。 5．______ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it is wise to replace our classroom teaching with it completely. A．If B．While C．Because D．That 【答案】B 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然互联网有很大帮助，但我认为用它完全取代课堂教学并不明智。A. If如果；B. While虽然，尽管；C. Because因为；D. That（无实意）。“互联网有很大帮助”与“不建议完全取代课堂教学”为转折让步关系，应用while引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故选B。 6．China's high-speed railways ______ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. A．are growing B．have grown C．grew D．had grown 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：过去几年，中国高铁里程从9000公里增长到25000公里。根据“ in the past few years.”可知，本句为现在完成时。故选B项。 7．Disneyland offers people many forms of . A．endurance B．emotions C．entertainments D．embarrassments 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪斯尼乐园为人们提供多种形式的娱乐活动。A. endurance耐力，忍耐力；B. emotions 情感，情绪；C. entertainments娱乐活动，娱乐节目；D. embarrassments尴尬，难堪。根据“Disneyland offers people”可知，迪士尼乐园以提供众多娱乐形式而闻名。故选C。 8．__________ Beijing Opera to the basic education in China is a big step to promote traditional art. A．Adding B．Added C．Add D．Having added 【答案】A 【详解】考查动名词做主语。句意：把京剧加入到中国基础教育中是提升传统艺术的一大步。根据句意可知句子缺主语，故用动名词做主语。故选A。 9．________ has a debate attracted so much media attention. A．Cruelly B．Rarely C．Really D．Gently 【答案】B 【详解】考查副词和倒装结构。句意：很少有一场辩论能吸引如此多的媒体关注。A. Cruelly残酷地；B. Rarely很少；C. Really真正地；D. Gently轻轻地。根据句意和句子结构可知，句中用部分倒装结构，所以用否定词rarely。故选B。 10．It’s helpful to put children in a situation______ they can see themselves differently. A．when B．which C．that D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：把孩子们放在一个他们能以不同的方式看待自己的情形中是有帮助的。本题定语从句的先行词situation属于抽象地点名词，后面定语从句的句子结构很完整，应使用关系副词where在句中做状语。故选D。 11．I don't figure out why Jackson ______ the job offer. After all, he has been out of work for a year. A．turned down B．put down C．turned up D．put up 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我搞不清楚为什么杰克逊拒绝了这个工作机会。毕竟，他已经失业一年了。A. 拒绝；B. 放下；C. 调高音量，出现；D. 张贴。由句意可知，说话人对失业已经一年的杰克逊为什么没有接受这份工作感到不解。说话人认为拒绝这个工作机会是不理智的。故选A项。 12．Though David received the________ from the school basketball team, he didn’t give up his dream and continued practicing hard. A．interaction B．companionship C．cooperation D．rejection 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，但他并没有放弃自己的梦想，并继续努力练习。A. interaction互动； B. companionship友谊；C. cooperation合作； D. rejection拒绝。根据上下文的转折关系，可知大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，拒绝（rejection）符合语境和句意，故选D。 13．I will ask my assistant to ______ you about the result of the discussion, as soon as the manager comes back. A．inform B．intoxicate C．probe D．sharpen 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经理一回来，我就让我的助手把讨论结果告诉你。A. inform告知；B. intoxicate使陶醉，使喝醉；C. probe探查，查究；D. sharpen使变锋利，使增强。根据“you about the result of the discussion”可知，空格处应表达“告知”用inform，inform sb. of sth.“告知某人某事”是固定搭配。故选A。 14．He became the first black man to be ________ president. A．suspected B．elected C．concluded D．examined 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他成为第一个当上总统的黑人。A.suspected怀疑； B.elected选举； C.concluded推断；得出结论； D.examined检查。结合句中president可知，此处指他被选举为总统。故选B。 15．— It is believed that robots will take the place of human beings one day. — ______. After all, they don’t have their own thinking. A．It’s a pity B．I beg to differ C．That’s right D．I couldn’t agree more 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——人们相信机器人总有一天会取代人类。——我不敢苟同。毕竟，他们没有自己的思想。A. It’s a pity太可惜了；B. I beg to differ不敢苟同；C. That’s right就这样了；D. I couldn’t agree more非常同意。结合语境可知，上文中提到“人们认为机器人有一天会取代人类”，下文中讲述的是“机器人没有自己的思想”，由此可知推断，此处应表示对上文观点持不同看法，所以此处表示“我不敢苟同”，符合语境。故选B项。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I always dreamed of becoming a full time writer. After two years as a salesman, I 16 my job and made up my mind to realize my 17 . No one could tell me whether I would succeed or not. I rented a basement and 18 to write. I had so many things to write because the enthusiasm (热情) was 19 in my heart. After a year or so, 20 , I began to doubt myself. I found it 21 to earn my living by writing. None of my novels were 22 that year. But I 23 to follow my dream, even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of 24 . I believed anyone with a dream must learn to struggle for the 25 . During the hardest period of my life, a friend came to see me and tried to 26 me, “Come to our company, 27 we will pay you 2,000 dollars a month.” 2,000 dollars was really a big fortune at that time. It would enable me to live a 28 life. As the money was dancing in my 29 , something cleared my senses. Hadn’t I dreamed of being a writer, a full-time writer? “Thanks, but no,” I said 30 , “I’m going to stick to writing.” Again and again, I said to myself, “I will be 31 . People will love my novels.” 32 my first novel was published in 1991. I had the kind of success that few writers ever 33 . Twenty years have passed, but the effect it had on my life has 34 . Now I often 35 the time working in that cold basement. I will say, “Anyone with a dream and persistence will be successful.” 16．A．took up B．gave up C．applied for D．prepared for 17．A．mistake B．glory C．weakness D．dream 18．A．settled down B．turned down C．bent down D．looked down 19．A．decreasing B．failing C．burning D．exploding 20．A．however B．though C．therefore D．thus 21．A．enjoyable B．difficult C．changeable D．normal 22．A．translated B．attacked C．accepted D．ignored 23．A．pretended B．determined C．waited D．agreed 24．A．anxiety B．danger C．judgement D．failure 25．A．intelligence B．reality C．money D．goal 26．A．persuade B．calm C．warn D．comfort 27．A．or B．but C．and D．so 28．A．healthier B．poorer C．better D．simpler 29．A．head B．life C．future D．ambition 30．A．doubtfully B．eagerly C．willingly D．firmly 31．A．successful B．faithful C．sincere D．generous 32．A．Gradually B．Suddenly C．Actually D．Finally 33．A．admitted B．experienced C．designed D．proved 34．A．ended B．lasted C．changed D．weakened 35．A．dream of B．complain of C．hear of D．think of 【答案】 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．B 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要叙述了作者实现成为专职作家的梦想的艰难历程，这让他坚信：只要坚持梦想，就一定能成功。 16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当了两年推销员后，我放弃了工作，下定决心实现我的梦想。A. took up占据；B. gave up放弃；C. applied for申请；D. prepared for准备。根据上文“I always dreamed of becoming a full time writer.”可知，作者一直想成为一名专职作家，所以他应该是会放弃做推销员的工作，而全心投入写作。故选B。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第1题详解。A. mistake错误；B. glory荣誉；C. weakness弱点；D. dream梦想。根据上文“I always dreamed of becoming a full time writer.”可知，作者一直想成为一名专职作家，所以他应该是想要实现这个梦想。故选D。 18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我租了一个地下室，安顿下来写作。A. settled down安定下来；B. turned down拒绝；C. bent down弯下腰；D. looked down向下看。根据上文“I rented a basement”可知，作者租了一个地下室，应该是想要安顿下来全心投入写作。故选A。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有很多东西要写，因为我的热情在燃烧。A. decreasing下降；B. failing失败；C. burning燃烧；D. exploding爆炸。根据上文“I had so many things to write”可知，作者有很多东西要写，应该是因为他的写作热情在内心燃烧。故选C。 20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，大约一年后，我开始怀疑自己。A. however然而；B. though尽管；C. therefore因此；D. thus因此。根据上文“I had so many things to write because the enthusiasm (热情) was 　　4　　 in my heart.”和下文“I began to doubt myself.”可知，作者的梦想和现实不一样，所以开始怀疑自己的写作能力。故选A。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现靠写作谋生很困难。A. enjoyable享受的；B. difficult困难的；C. changeable多改变的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“After a year or so, 　　5　　, I began to doubt myself.”可知，作者开始怀疑自己的写作能力，所以应该是靠写作谋生就变得很困难。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年我的小说都没有被接受。A. translated翻译；B. attacked攻击；C. accepted接受；D. ignored忽视。根据上文“After a year or so, 　　5　　, I began to doubt myself.”可知，作者开始怀疑自己的写作能力，应该是因为他的小说都没有被接受。故选C。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我决心追随我的梦想，尽管这意味着生活在不确定性和对失败的恐惧中。A. pretended假装；B. determined下定决心；C. waited等待；D. agreed同意。根据上文“But”和下文“to follow my dream”可知，上下文是转折关系，尽管没有人接受他的作品，但是他还是决定追随梦想。故选B。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. anxiety焦虑；B. danger危险；C. judgement判断；D. failure失败。根据上文“None of my novels were 　　7　　 that year.”和“it meant living with uncertainty”可知，没有人接受作者的作品，所以，这就应该是意味着生活没有稳定的收入，并且害怕失败。故选D。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信任何有梦想的人都必须学会为目标而奋斗。A. intelligence智商；B. reality现实；C. money钱；D. goal目标。根据下文“Anyone with a dream and persistence will be successful.”可知，作者相信只要有梦想，就会为了这个目标而奋斗。故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我人生最艰难的时期，一个朋友来看我，试图说服我：“来我们公司，我们每月付给你2000美元。”A. persuade说服；B. calm使冷静；C. warn警告；D. comfort安慰。根据下文“Come to our company, 　　12　　 we will pay you 2,000 dollars a month.”可知，作者的朋友是需要说服他去他的公司工作。故选A。 27．考查连词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. or或者；B. but但是；C. and并且；D. so因此。根据上文“Come to our company”和下文“ we will pay you 2,000 dollars a month.”可知，上下文的并列关系，用连词and。故选C。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这将使我过上更好的生活。A. healthier更健康的；B. poorer更贫穷的；C. better更好的；D. simpler更简单的。根据上文“2,000 dollars was really a big fortune at that time.”可知，2000元在当时是很大一笔钱，所以应该是会让作者过上更好的生活。故选C。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当当这些钱在我脑海里飞舞的时候，某种东西让我清醒了。A. head头；B. life生命；C. future未来；D. ambition抱负。根据上文“As the money was dancing”可知，这里应该是指作者大脑中想到了钱在飞舞。故选A。 30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“谢谢，但不行，”我坚定地说，“我会坚持写作。”A. doubtfully怀疑地；B. eagerly急迫地；C. willingly愿意地；D. firmly坚定地。根据上文“Thanks, but no”可知，作者坚定地拒绝了朋友的建议。故选D。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一遍又一遍地对自己说：“我会成功的。人们会喜欢我的小说的。”A. successful成功的；B. faithful忠诚的；C. sincere真诚的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“Anyone with a dream and persistence will be successful.”可知，作者认为自己一定会成功。故选A。 32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的第一部小说终于在1991年出版了。A. Gradually渐渐地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Actually实际上；D. Finally最后。根据下文“my first novel was published in 1991”可知，这应该是作者最后努力的结果。故选D。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我获得了很少有作家经历过的那种成功。A. admitted承认；B. experienced经历；C. designed设计；D. proved证明。根据上文“I had the kind of success that few writers ever”可知，作者把自己和其他的作家对比，自己经历的比他们要多很多。故选B。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：二十年过去了，但它对我生活的影响一直持续着。A. ended结束；B. lasted持续；C. changed改变；D. weakened减弱。根据上文“Twenty years have passed, but the effect it had on my life”可知，这里指尽管已经过去了20年，但是那些经历还是一直持续着影响着他。故选B。 35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在我经常想起在那个寒冷的地下室工作的时光。A. dream of梦想；B. complain of抱怨；C. hear of听说；D. think of想起。根据下文“the time working in that cold basement.”可知，这是作者现在经常想起的以前的经历。故选D。 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A To mark International Women’s Day, we asked Dezeen Awards judges to nominate (提名) a woman in architecture and design who should have greater recognition. Shefali Balwani Nominated by Kamna Malik “Shefali Balwani is an Indian architect. Her projects have a certain voice that goes beyond the conventional definitions of architecture and design. Whenever I look at her work, I see mindfulness on so many levels, whether it is through the use of materials or the sensitivity shown towards the surroundings.” Oana Stänescu Nominated by Ingrid Moye “Having met Oana Stänescu many years ago while working at SANAA in Tokyo, we have not only been following each other’s path but also become friends. I admire Oana’s curious perspective (视角) through which she observes the world. Her refreshing voice shows not only in her original architectural practice but also in her work as an academic, lecturer, and writer.” Tatu Gatere Nominated by Stella Mutegi “Tatu Gatere is the co-founder and CEO of Buildher — an organization that seeks to empower women with skills needed in the construction industry, which is very male-dominated in Kenya. The skills that these women are empowered with at Buildher make a big impact on every aspect of their daily lives.” Jessica Smulders Cohen Nominated by Katie Treggiden “Having studied sustainable design at Kingston University, Jessica Smulders Cohen decided not to become a designer or a maker, but instead to become a repair specialist. Jess and her work deserve more recognition because our whole industry needs to move away from pursuing newness and instead prioritize reuse and repair — it is the only hope we have for a circular future that will enable our species to live well on this planet.” 36．What do Balwani and Stänescu have in common? A．Writing many books. B．Being creative architects. C．Working for SANAA in Tokyo. D．Empowering construction workers. 37．What can we know about Ingrid Moye? A．She is a writer. B．She is a friend of Stänescu. C．She once worked for Stänescu. D．She thinks Stänescu has a beautiful voice. 38．Whose organization improves the lives of Kenyan women? A．Shefali Balwani’s. B．Oana Stänescu’s. C．Tatu Gatere’s. D．Jessica Smulders Cohen’s. 39．What is Cohen? A．A designer. B．A maker. C．An architect. D．A repair specialist. 40．Why does Treggiden nominate Cohen? A．She excels at designing and making. B．She contributes to a sustainable planet. C．She promotes equal rights between genders. D．She gets where she is through self-education. 【答案】36．B 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是为了纪念国际妇女节，Dezeen奖的评委们提名的几位在建筑和设计领域应该得到更多认可的女性。 【详解】36．细节理解题。根据Shefali Balwani部分“Her projects have a certain voice that goes beyond the conventional definitions of architecture and design.(她的项目有一种超越传统建筑和设计定义的声音。)”和Oana Stänescu部分“Her refreshing voice shows not only in her original architectural practice but also in her work as an academic, lecturer, and writer.(她清新的声音不仅体现在她新颖的建筑实践中，也体现在她作为学者、讲师和作家的工作中。)”可知，Balwani和Stänescu的共同点是都是有创造力的建筑师，故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据Oana Stänescu部分的“Nominated by Ingrid Moye(由Ingrid Moye提名)”和“Having met Oana Stänescu many years ago while working at SANAA in Tokyo, we have not only been following each other’s path but also become friends.(多年前在东京SANAA工作时认识了Oana Stänescu，我们不仅追随彼此的道路，而且成为了朋友。)”可知，Ingrid Moye是Stänescu的朋友。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据Tatu Gatere部分“Tatu Gatere is the co-founder and CEO of Buildher—an organization that seeks to empower women with skills needed in the construction industry, which is very male-dominated in Kenya.(Tatu Gatere是buildher的联合创始人兼首席执行官，该组织旨在为女性提供建筑业所需的技能，在肯尼亚，建筑业是男性主导的。)”可知，Tatu Gatere的组织改善了肯尼亚妇女的生活。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据Jessica Smulders Cohen部分的“Having studied sustainable design at Kingston University, Jessica Smulders Cohen decided not to become a designer or a maker, but instead to become a repair specialist.(在Kingston大学学习可持续设计后，Jessica Smulders Cohen决定不成为一名设计师或制造商，而是成为一名维修专家。)”可知，Cohen是一名修理专家。故选D。 40．推理判断题。根据Jessica Smulders Cohen部分的“Jess and her work deserve more recognition because our whole industry needs to move away from pursuing newness and instead prioritize reuse and repair—it is the only hope we have for a circular future that will enable our species to live well on this planet.(Jess和她的工作应该得到更多的认可，因为我们整个行业需要放弃追求新鲜，而是优先考虑再利用和修复——这是我们实现循环未来的唯一希望，这将使我们的物种能够在这个星球上生活得更好。)”可知，Treggiden提名Cohen是因为她为地球的可持续发展做出了贡献。故选B。 B On a sunny Sunday morning, I went to my first ballet class. But I didn’t do any dancing. This was Class on Stage, a rare opportunity to watch dancers warm up during their daily 75-minute class. I went in knowing that I would be impressed by the physicality of it. Top athletes aren’t born; they’re made. Forty-five minutes into the class, the dancers didn’t even look tired. While watching dancers quietly plie (下蹲屈膝) with complete control was calming, watching the floor exercises that came next was anything but. The sequences were short but became increasingly complicated, so I stopped paying attention to the directions I couldn’t follow, and simply allowed myself to observe the remarkable results. At the end of the class. I applauded and watched the dancers leave the stage. They had already accomplished so much with their day, and I was left in complete awe, not just of my inadequacy, but also of their effort. As I headed home, I tried to think of the last time I worked as hard as those dancers at anything in my own life. So much has been made easier by technology: I can listen to any song I want, whenever I want. I can have pretty much anything delivered. I can stay in touch with friends without making the time to see them. But instead of taking shortcuts, maybe I should look for challenges. Because once you start doing challenging things, they become easier, and then you know you can do them. With the determination and discipline of ballet dancers still fresh in my mind, I commit to doing some hard things: I get back in the habit of practicing a language I’ve been trying to learn. I lift heavier weights. I take the stairs. I write the essay. Nothing demands as much of me as what ballet demands of those dancers every day. They inspire me. So, I guess what I’m trying to say is that sometimes a fitness class can change your life, even if you’re not the one taking it. 41．Which statement accurately describes the ballet class mentioned in the passage? A．The writer actively took part in dancing. B．The dancers didn’t look exhausted despite the physicality. C．The warm-up session lasted only 45 minutes that morning. D．The writer could follow the directions throughout the session. 42．How did the author feel when the ballet class ended? A．She was amazed by how hard the dancers worked. B．She regretted not putting more effort into ballet. C．She believed she could face life’s difficulties better. D．She felt embarrassed about her own lack of determination. 43．By mentioning the technology that has made life easier, the writer means that ________. A．Technology allows people to avoid difficult tasks B．Using technology helps improve work efficiency C．A simple life requires rejecting modern tools D．Technology’s convenience may reduce motivation to seek challenges 44．What has the writer learned from her first ballet lesson? A．Fitness classes build both body and mind strength. B．We should push ourselves to seek challenges for self-improvement. C．Difficult things are worth trying as long as you enjoy doing them. D．Watching others practice ballet is a good way to improve ourselves. 45．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Fitness classes are of no significance. B．Only through taking part in ballet can one truly change. C．Observing others’ commitment can inspire personal growth. D．Fitness classes are essential for everyone’s life improvement. 【答案】41．B 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者观看芭蕾课受到激励，决心寻求挑战自我提升。 【详解】41．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Forty-five minutes into the class, the dancers didn’t even look tired.(上课四十五分钟后，舞者们甚至看起来都不累)”可知，尽管训练强度大，舞者们看起来并不疲惫。故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They had already accomplished so much with their day, and I was left in complete awe, not just of my inadequacy, but also of their effort.(他们这一天已经取得了如此多的成就，我感到完全敬畏，不仅是因为我的不足，也是因为他们的努力)”可知，芭蕾舞课结束时，作者对舞者们的努力感到惊叹。故选A。 43．推理判断题。 根据第三段中“So much has been made easier by technology: I can listen to any song I want, whenever I want. I can have pretty much anything delivered. I can stay in touch with friends without making the time to see them. But instead of taking shortcuts, maybe I should look for challenges.(科技让很多事情变得更容易：我可以随时听我想听的任何歌曲。我几乎可以让任何东西送货上门。我可以和朋友们保持联系，而不用花时间去见他们。但与其走捷径，也许我应该寻找挑战)”可推知，作者提到科技让生活变得更轻松，是为了说明科技的便利可能会减少人们寻求挑战的动力。故选D。 44．推理判断题。 根据第三段中“But instead of taking shortcuts, maybe I should look for challenges. Because once you start doing challenging things, they become easier, and then you know you can do them.(但与其走捷径，也许我应该寻找挑战。因为一旦你开始做有挑战性的事情，它们就会变得更容易，然后你就会知道自己能做到)”以及第四段中“With the determination and discipline of ballet dancers still fresh in my mind, I commit to doing some hard things: I get back in the habit of practicing a language I’ve been trying to learn. I lift heavier weights. I take the stairs. I write the essay.(芭蕾舞者的决心和纪律仍然清晰地印在我的脑海里，我决心做一些困难的事情：我重新养成了练习一门我一直想学的语言的习惯。我举更重的重量。我走楼梯。我写论文)”可推知，作者从她的第一节芭蕾课中学到了我们应该强迫自己去寻求挑战以实现自我提升。故选B。 45．推理判断题。 根据最后一段中“They inspire me. So, I guess what I’m trying to say is that sometimes a fitness class can change your life, even if you’re not the one taking it.(他们激励了我。所以，我想说的是，有时候一节健身课可以改变你的生活，即使你不是那个参加课程的人)”可推知，从最后一段我们可以学到观察他人的投入可以激发个人成长。故选C。 C Over the past 300 years, 1.5 billion hectares (公顷) of forest have been lost, resulting in biodiversity loss, desertification, and increased flooding risks. In the book Treewilding, ecologist Jake Robinson explains while the solution to forest clearing might appear straightforward—simply plant millions of trees—the reality is far more confusing. Random tree planting can threaten ecosystems and the livelihoods of local communities. This charming book mainly reveals how a well-developed approach is required — one that integrates (融入) the latest scientific advancements, for instance. Treewilding asks us to reflect on our interconnectedness (相互联系) with the woods, a realization that is perhaps the biggest “secret” to restoring nature. Tree-planting initiatives have exploded since the turn of the century. Globally, the area of planted forests rose from 170 million hectares in 1990 to 293 million hectares in 2024. However, unless thoroughly researched and well organized, tree planting can backfire. Often, only one type of tree is planted across pieces of land. This reduces biodiversity, in terms of plant species and the wildlife and micro-organisms associated with them. Because trees of the same species can all fall victim to the same diseases, a whole forest can be wiped out at once. Moreover, non-native trees can beat local species, disturbing the local balanced ecosystems. To solve environmental crises, Robinson advocates a more informed strategy. He speaks to Forrest Fleischman, a specialist in forest and environmental policy, who highlights how local people depend on forests for highly self-sufficient agricultural activities. Fleischman also proposes that locals know well what species are best suited to the environment and how these species are interconnected with the local wildlife and ecosystem. The author also describes the concept of ecoacoustics (生态声学). The approach uses the sounds made by organisms including birds and bats to explore the composition of and changes in ecosystems. Working with ecoacoustics specialist Carlos Abrahams, Robinson concludes that as forests are recovered, the number of animals hidden in the soil increases, producing an “underground soundscape—a hidden symphony of life”. Robinson ultimately emphasizes natural regeneration—just as a phoenix (a mythical bird) is reborn from its own ashes (灰烬), a damaged forest can regenerate itself. 46．What is the main focus of Jake Robinson’s Treewilding? A．The importance of technology in modern agriculture. B．The changes of global forests over the past 300 years. C．Major benefits of maintaining healthy ecosystems. D．Effective methods in solving the loss of forests. 47．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 4? A．Lead to negative outcomes. B．Produce predictable results. C．Facilitate relevant initiatives. D．Encourage sustainable growth. 48．What might Fleischman expect tree-planting organizers to do? A．Increase the number of non-native species planted. B．Standardize planting practices across different regions. C．Take natives’ knowledge in planting processes into consideration. D．Encourage locals to adopt advanced agricultural methods at once. 49．What insight can researchers gain through the ecoacoustics approach? A．The economic benefits of forest recovery. B．The health and biodiversity of ecosystems. C．A better understanding of local soil composition D．A potential change of forest temperature over time. 50．What can be the best title for the text? A．Forest clearing poses a serious threat to us. B．Repairing forests is more than just planting trees. C．Natural regeneration is the key to ecosystem restoration. D．The underground soundscape allows us to know nature better. 【答案】46．D 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了植树并不是想象的那么简单，要综合考虑当地的情况，不能一味地种植同一棵树种，要充分考虑当地物种和生态系统的平衡。 【详解】46．细节理解题。根据第一段“Over the past 300 years, 1.5 billion hectares (公顷) of forest have been lost, resulting in biodiversity loss, desertification, and increased flooding risks.(在过去300年里，15亿公顷森林消失，导致生物多样性丧失、荒漠化和洪水风险增加。)”以及第三段中“This charming book mainly reveals how a well-developed approach is required — one that integrates (融入) the latest scientific advancements, for instance.(这本引人入胜的书主要揭示了如何需要一个完善的方法——例如，一个整合了最新科学进展的方法。)”可知，杰克·罗宾逊的《Treewilding》这本书主要关注的是解决森林消失的有效方法。故选D项。 47．词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Often, only one type of tree is planted across pieces of land. This reduces biodiversity, in terms of plant species and the wildlife and micro-organisms associated with them.(通常，一块土地上只种植一种树木。这减少了生物多样性，就植物物种以及与之相关的野生动物和微生物而言。)”可知，如果缺乏科学规划，只种植一种树木，会导致生物多样性减少，因此“backfire”意为“导致负面结果”。故选A项。 48．推理判断题。根据第六段中“He speaks to Forrest Fleischman, a specialist in forest and environmental policy, who highlights how local people depend on forests for highly self-sufficient agricultural activities. Fleischman also proposes that locals know well what species are best suited to the environment and how these species are interconnected with the local wildlife and ecosystem.(他采访了森林和环境政策专家福里斯特·弗莱希曼（Forrest Fleischman），弗莱希曼强调了当地人如何依靠森林进行高度自给自足的农业活动。弗莱希曼还提出，当地人很清楚哪些物种最适合环境，以及这些物种如何与当地野生动物和生态系统相互联系。)”可知，弗莱希曼希望植树组织者考虑当地人在种植过程中的知识。故选C项。 49．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The author also describes the concept of ecoacoustics (生态声学) . The approach uses the sounds made by organisms including birds and bats to explore the composition of and changes in ecosystems. Working with ecoacoustics specialist Carlos Abrahams, Robinson concludes that as forests are recovered, the number of animals hidden in the soil increases, producing an “underground soundscape—a hidden symphony of life”.(作者还介绍了生态声学的概念。该方法利用鸟类和蝙蝠等生物发出的声音来探索生态系统的组成和变化。与生态声学专家卡洛斯·亚伯拉罕合作，罗宾逊得出结论，随着森林的恢复，隐藏在土壤中的动物数量增加，产生了一种“地下声景——一种隐藏的生命交响曲”。)”可推知，研究人员可以通过生态声学方法获得生态系统的健康和生物多样性这一见解。故选B项。 50．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第三段中“This charming book mainly reveals how a well-developed approach is required — one that integrates (融入) the latest scientific advancements, for instance.(这本引人入胜的书主要揭示了如何需要一个完善的方法——例如，一个整合了最新科学进展的方法。)”和第四段中“However, unless thoroughly researched and well organized, tree planting can backfire.( 然而，除非进行彻底的调查和组织，否则植树可能会适得其反。)”可知，这本书主要介绍的是一种有效的森林恢复的方法，以及如何避免植物的弊端。故文章最好的标题是“修复森林不仅仅是植树”。故选B项。 D The world is full of advice on how to get a good night’s sleep, but sometimes doing so just isn’t possible. If you are struggling with a sleep disorder, are a shift worker or have a baby who. wakes every few hours, being told how to sleep well can be annoying. For others, despite feeling exhausted all day, a fourth episode of your favorite TV series can seem more appealing than going to bed. How do you know if you are sleep-deprived? For some people, the answer will be obvious; for others, it may be less so. Russell Foster, a professor at the University of Oxford, specifies three signs that you are probably not getting enough sleep: “Feeling that you don’t perform at your peak during the day; oversleeping on free days; or craving (渴望得到) a nap during the day.” “Lack of good sleep can cause an imbalance in your appetite hormones,” says Martin Meadows, a registered dietitian: “The hormone ghrelin, which causes you to feel hungry, increases and the hormone leptin, which signals that you are full; decreases.” As Meadows says: “It’s a perfect storm where we want to eat more and we don’t know when to stop, combined with the fact that when we are sleep-deprived our willpower is lower, and it all becomes pretty tricky. Poor sleep, or sleep deprivation (匮乏), leads to an increased likelihood of poor lifestyle choices. Many of us get stuck in the habit of eating junk food, and the knock-on effect is that the junk food disturbs our sleep, because it’s higher in sugar; it’s more stimulating.” “Short term, you can get away with the negative influence of sleep deprivation of you,” says Foster. “It’s in the long term that things start to fall apart.” He catalogues the ill effects: “Your cognitive performance. drops with accumulated sleep deprivation—your communication skills, your decision-making skills, your memory.” There is also an increased risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, depression and psychosis. Fortunately, according to Meadows, most of us could do with an extra hour to an hour and a half of sleep each night to cope with sleep deprivation. And if you had a bad night’s sleep, Meadows recommends “making a conscious effort to choose foods such as wholegrains, beans, fruits and vegetables. Because they are packed with fiber and water, they will help you feel full while limiting your overall energy intake.” 51．The examples given in the first paragraph are intended to ______. A．list reasons why people hate advice on good sleep B．highlight the harm caused by sleep deprivation C．present the factual phenomenon of lack of sleep D．form a contrast with the following paragraphs 52．How does lack of good sleep affect appetite according to Martin Meadows? A．It disturbs the feeling of being hungry or full. B．It ruins your appetite instead of feeling hungry. C．It causes imbalance in eating and sleeping D．It has no impact on appetite hormones. 53．Which of the following message is conveyed by Meadows in paragraph.4? A．When it’s stormy outside, we crave for junk food and a good night sleep. B．When we feel under the weather, we should eat less and sleep more. C．We should combine healthy eating with regular sleep together. D．Bad eating and sleep deprivation contributes to each other. 54．Which of the following may, NOT be a consequence of sleep deprivation? A．Irregular heartbeat. B．Failing memory. C．Poor decision-making. D．Bad choices of lifestyle. 55．People lacking sleep are encouraged to ______. A．sleep for as long as they want during the day B．watch one episode of their favorite TV series C．prevent yourself from energy intake each night D．consume food rich in fiber and water 【答案】51．C 52．A 53．D 54．A 55．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“睡眠不足”这一主题展开，详细介绍了睡眠不足的症状、原因、影响以及如何改善睡眠等方面的知识。 【详解】51．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The world is full of advice on how to get a good night’s sleep, but sometimes doing so just isn’t possible. If you are struggling with a sleep disorder, are a shift worker or have a baby who. wakes every few hours, being told how to sleep well can be annoying. For others, despite feeling exhausted all day, a fourth episode of your favorite TV series can seem more appealing than going to bed.(世界上有很多关于如何睡个好觉的建议，但有时这样做是不可能的。如果你正在与睡眠障碍作斗争，是一个轮班工人或有一个孩子。每隔几个小时醒来，被告知如何睡得好是很烦人的。对另一些人来说，尽管感觉一整天都很累，但看第四集你最喜欢的电视剧似乎比睡觉更有吸引力。)”以及第二段“How do you know if you are sleep-deprived?(你怎么知道自己是否睡眠不足呢？)”可知，文章第一段给出例子是为了呈现当代人缺乏睡眠这一现象。故选C。 52．细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Lack of good sleep can cause an imbalance in your appetite hormones,” says Martin Meadows, a registered dietitian: “The hormone ghrelin, which causes you to feel hungry, increases and the hormone leptin, which signals that you are full; decreases.”(“缺乏良好的睡眠会导致食欲激素失衡，”注册营养师Martin Meadows说：“使你感到饥饿的激素胃饥饿素增加，而表明你吃饱了的激素瘦素减少。”)”可知，Martin Meadows认为缺乏良好的睡眠会导致食欲激素失衡，从而导致感到饥饿的激素胃饥饿素增加，而表明你吃饱了的激素瘦素减少。故选A。 53．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“As Meadows says: “It’s a perfect storm where we want to eat more and we don’t know when to stop, combined with the fact that when we are sleep-deprived our willpower is lower, arid it all becomes pretty tricky. Poor sleep, or sleep deprivation(匮乏), leads to an increased likelihood of poor lifestyle choices. Many of us get stuck in the habit of eating junk food, and the knock-on effect is that the junk food disturbs our sleep, because it’s higher in sugar; it’s more stimulating.”(正如Meadows所说：“这是一场完美的风暴，我们想吃得更多，却不知道什么时候该停下来，再加上睡眠不足时我们的意志力会降低，这一切都变得相当棘手。睡眠不足或睡眠匮乏会增加不良生活方式选择的可能性。我们中的许多人都养成了吃垃圾食品的习惯，其连锁反应是垃圾食品扰乱了我们的睡眠，因为它们的含糖量更高；这更刺激。”)”可知，Meadows认为睡眠不足会导致不良的饮食习惯，而不良饮食习惯又扰乱了我们的睡眠。故选D。 54．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“As Meadows says: “It’s a perfect storm where we want to eat more and we don’t know when to stop, combined with the fact that when we are sleep-deprived our willpower is lower, arid it all becomes pretty tricky. Poor sleep, or sleep deprivation(匮乏), leads to an increased likelihood of poor lifestyle choices. Many of us get stuck in the habit of eating junk food, and the knock-on effect is that the junk food disturbs our sleep, because it’s higher in sugar; it’s more stimulating.”(正如Meadows所说：“这是一场完美的风暴，我们想吃得更多，却不知道什么时候该停下来，再加上睡眠不足时我们的意志力会降低，这一切都变得相当棘手。睡眠不足或睡眠匮乏会增加不良生活方式选择的可能性。我们中的许多人都养成了吃垃圾食品的习惯，其连锁反应是垃圾食品扰乱了我们的睡眠，因为它们的含糖量更高；这更刺激。”)”可知，睡眠不足会带来不良的生活方式；再根据第五段“He catalogues the ill effects: “Your cognitive performance. drops with accumulated sleep deprivation—your communication skills, your decision-making skills, your memory.” There is also an increased risk of cardiovascular(心血管的) disease, depression and psychosis.(他列举了这些不良影响：“你的认知能力会随着长期睡眠不足而下降——你的沟通能力、决策能力和记忆力都会下降。”患心血管疾病、抑郁症和精神病的风险也在增加。)”可知，睡眠不足会导致沟通能力、决策能力和记忆力下降。由此可知，选项A“Irregular heartbeat.(心律不齐)”未提及。故选A。 55．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And if you had a bad night’s sleep, Meadows recommends “making a conscious effort to choose foods such as wholegrains, beans, fruits and vegetables. Because they are packed with fiber and water, they will help you feel full while limiting your overall energy intake.”(如果你晚上睡得不好，Meadows建议“有意识地选择全麦、豆类、水果和蔬菜等食物。”因为它们富含纤维和水分，它们会让你有饱腹感，同时限制你的总能量摄入。)”可知，睡眠不足的人可以摄入富含纤维和水分的食物，因为这类食物会让人有饱腹感同时又能限制总能量摄入。故选D。 第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 At a comedy night at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, members of the school’s Stand-up Comedy Club (单口喜剧俱乐部) bring lots of laughter to their schoolmates. They give funny speeches, tell jokes and make humorous body movements. These college student comedians may feel unsure of themselves at first, but the experience is highly enjoyable. Their humor entertains their schoolmates and helps relieve the stress of these young, busy audience. Ariella Shua joined the club last year. She says she has become a better observer of what is going on around her. She does not go anywhere without bringing something on which she can take notes. Later, when she’s trying to write her own set, she can look through it to see if there is anything that she can use. Every school wants its students to perform best in their studies, but some colleges and universities also motivate their students to explore their abilities and develop interests beyond their field of study. Joining an on-campus club is a good way to do that. Nicholas Scandura, the president of the comedy club, finds that writing is one of the many skills he has developed since joining the club. “Writing jokes is really fun,” he said. “It takes much critical thinking.” The club gives its members a sense of community. When they meet, they share funny experiences, tell jokes and laugh. Over the past ten years, stand-up comedy clubs have become common on college campuses in America. He said now everyone wants to do it because the culture of stand-up has gotten a lot of media attention and become more popular. Last year, Harry Kuperstein joined the club and discovered it was a natural fit. Noticing the funny qualities of different situations improved his way of looking at the world. Becoming an active member also helped him work on the future skills he will need as a medical doctor. “When talking to patients as a doctor, I think that having jokes ready to go might help smooth these interactions.” he said. 56．According to the passage, what is the contribution of the student comedians at Johns Hopkins University? (no more than 15 words) 57．Why does Ariella Shua try to take notes wherever she goes? (no more than 10 words) 58．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 3? (1 word) ? 59．How will the club experience benefit Harry Kuperstein with his future career? (no more than 10 words) 60．Do you think laughter plays an essential role in your life? Please explain it. (no more than 25 words) 【答案】56．Their humor entertains their schoolmates and helps relieve the stress of these young, busy audience. 57．Because she can record what is going on around her. 58．Inspire. 59．Having jokes ready to go will help communicate with patients. 60．Yes, I do. Because laughter not only allows me to face life optimistically, but also gives me the courage to overcome difficulties. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一所高校的单口喜剧俱乐部，并介绍了俱乐部给成员带来的帮助。 【详解】56．考查细节理解。根据第一段关键句“Their humor entertains their schoolmates and helps relieve the stress of these young, busy audience. (他们的幽默逗乐了同学们，并帮助缓解了这些年轻、忙碌的观众的压力。)”可知，约翰·霍普金斯大学的学生喜剧演员们用他们的幽默逗乐了同学们，并帮助缓解了这些年轻、忙碌的观众的压力，由此可知，约翰·霍普金斯大学学生喜剧演员的贡献是“他们的幽默逗乐了同学们，并帮助缓解了这些年轻、忙碌的观众的压力。”故答案为Their humor entertains their schoolmates and helps relieve the stress of these young, busy audience. 57．考查细节理解。根据第二段关键句“Ariella Shua joined the club last year. She says she has become a better observer of what is going on around her. She does not go anywhere without bringing something on which she can take notes. (Ariella Shua去年加入了俱乐部。她说，她对周围发生的事情有了更好的观察。她无论去哪里都带上可以记笔记的东西。)”可知，她记笔记是为了记录下周围发生的事情，由此可知，Ariella Shua无论走到哪里都要记笔记是为了记录下周围发生的事情。故答案为Because she can record what is going on around her. 58．考查词义猜测。根据划线单词句中“develop interests beyond their field of study (培养学习领域之外的兴趣)”可知，学校也会培养学生学习领域之外的兴趣，由此可知，一些学校也激励学生探索自己的能力，“inspire”意为“激励”，能够表达划线单词motivate在句中表达的意思。故答案为Inspire。 59．考查细节理解。根据最后一段关键句““When talking to patients as a doctor, I think that having jokes ready to go might help smooth these interactions.” he said. (他说：‘作为一名医生与患者交谈时，我认为准备好笑话可能有助于使这些互动更加顺畅。’)”可知，准备好笑话可能有助于和病人的互动更加顺畅，由此可知，俱乐部的经历对哈里·库珀斯坦未来的职业生涯的帮助在于“准备好笑话帮助他与病人的互动更加顺畅”。故答案为Having jokes ready to go will help communicate with patients. 60．考查开放题。本题为开放性试题，答案合理即可，可参考文中内容，例如“Yes, I do. Because laughter not only allows me to face life optimistically, but also gives me the courage to overcome difficulties. (是的，我这样认为。因为微笑不仅能够让我乐观面对生活，而且让我拥有克服困难的勇气。)”。故答案为Yes, I do. Because laughter not only allows me to face life optimistically, but also gives me the courage to overcome difficulties. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61．假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，学校将于下周举行10公里徒步活动。请你用英语写一份邀请函，邀请外教Chris参加本次远足活动，内容包括： (1)活动内容： (2)活动时间、地点； (3)活动意义。 参考词汇： 10公里徒步活动 a 10-km hike 注 意 ： (1)词数不少于100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Jin 【答案】Dear Chris,​      Hope you’re well! On behalf of Chenguang Middle School’s Student Union, I sincerely invite you to a 10-km hike to be held next Saturday. All the students and staff in our school will gather on the playground at 8:30 a.m., where the headmaster will stage a brief opening ceremony. Then we will walk 10 kilometers along the Green Lake. We will make a return trip to school by 5:00 p.m.​ This hike can help us relieve study pressure, improve teamwork, and know our school life and local scenery better. Please tell us if you’re available by this Wednesday. ​Looking forward to your reply.​ Best regards, ​Li Jin 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一份邀请函，邀请外教Chris 参加学校下周要举行的10公里徒步活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 代表：on behalf of → represent 集合：gather → assemble 缓解：relieve → ease 有空的：available → free 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：On behalf of Chenguang Middle School’s Student Union, I sincerely invite you to a 10-km hike to be held next Saturday. 拓展句：On behalf of Chenguang Middle School’s Student Union, I sincerely invite you to a 10-km hike which will be held next Saturday. 【点睛】【高分句型1】All the students and staff in our school will gather on the playground at 8:30 a.m., where the headmaster will stage a brief opening ceremony.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Please tell us if you’re available by this Wednesday.（运用了if引导的宾语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $