Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习-2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦单元核心词汇与语法，通过多题型梯度训练构建从基础变形到语篇应用的知识网络，提升语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词变形|16题|词性转换填空（名/动/形/副词等）|从词形变化切入，夯实词汇基础，为语法应用铺垫| |单句语法填空|20题|语法应用填空（非谓语/固定搭配等）|衔接词汇变形，强化语法规则在单句中的应用| |单词拼写|10题|语境词汇拼写|巩固词汇记忆，提升语境中词汇提取能力| |完成句子|10题|中英互译填空|综合词汇与句型，培养语言表达的准确性| |语法填空|2篇短文|语篇语法填空|整合词汇语法知识，提升语篇理解与应用能力|

Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1．inform v．通知，告知→ n．信息 2．rarely adv.很少，难得→ adj.稀有的 3．rejection n．拒绝，否决→ v．拒绝，否决 4．persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→ n．坚持 5．criticism n．批评；指责→ v．批评 6．delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的→ n．高兴 vt.使高兴→ adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 7．worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的→ adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的 → adj.值得的 8．enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→ n．热情 9．elect v．选举，推选→ n．选举 10．blessing n．幸事，幸运→ v．为……祝福 11．appreciative adj.感激的→ v．感激→ n．感激；欣赏 12．mere adj.仅仅，只不过→ adv.仅仅，只 13．gentleness n．和蔼，温和→ adj.温和的→ adv.温和地 14．permanent adj.长久的；永久的→ adv.永久地 15．literary adj.文学的→ n．文学 16．embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→ vt.使尴尬→ adj.令人尴尬的 一、单句语法填空 1．Following Sommier’s suggestion on introducing Chinese (classic) to the French audience, the Beijing Vocational College of Opera and Arts (BVCOA) staged a series of appealing and innovative performances in 2005. 2．The students in front of me talked so loudly that I had to struggle (hear). 3．Sometimes a person may be in a position where he has to reject other people’s (critical) and stick to his own ideas. 4．I want to tell you how (delight) I was when I heard the good news. 5．In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving (make) their products more competitive. 6．We are deeply (appreciate) of your sincere help and support. 7．Don’t forget (mail) this letter for me on your way to school. 8．Over the next two years, it aims (spotlight) at least 50 emerging Chinese authors through various cultural activities. 9．I am (mere) curious about how you finish it in such a short time. 10．It’s a surprise they haven’t managed (grow) square ones so that they can pack them easily. 11．Some women are too (embarrass) to consult their doctor about the problem. 12．If you want to succeed, you have to learn how to accept (reject). 13．If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new (inform) than to teach it. 14．I can’t wait (quit) my boring routine and return to my original simple life peacefully. 15．It is a privilege (elect) as the representative of the students’ union. 16．She decided (devote) all her spare time to learning painting. 17．The local government is determined (solve) the traffic problems in the downtown area as soon as possible. 18．But if you do find it difficult (fall) asleep or stay asleep at night, then you should avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening. 19．It seems as if your American pal is really (enthusiasm) about Chinese culture. 20．The brave boy prefers (solve) problems by himself rather than ask for others’ help. 二、单词拼写 21．That’s the reason why he wants to make it a habit not to always ________ (回复) to emails immediately. 22．The audience broke into ________ (热情的) cheers at the end of the performance. 23．After working and living in Beijing for some time, the Smiths have become ________ (永久的) Beijing citizens. 24．When they planned to ________ (装饰) the bedroom, it was Jemma who had the final say. 25．The company ________ (担保、保证) to replace the faulty product for free within one year. 26．We are going to hold a meeting to ________ (选举，推选) a new leader. 27．I’m very pleased and _____________ (感激) of the support and kindness you have given me. 28．She stamped her foot in a rage, feeling it hard to _________(控制) her temper. 29．When you are angry, you tend to ________ (把……作为攻击目标) your parents first, even though they care about you the most. 30．It’s a ______________ (幸事，幸运) that nobody was in the house when the accident took place. 三、完成句子 31．他们非常震惊，甚至还没想过要叫救护车。 They were so shocked that they hadn’t even thought ____________________. 32．The twins ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for their mom. 这对双胞胎觉得为母亲做饭很愉快。 33．我清楚地记得在什么地方见过她，但想不起她的名字了。 I can vividly ________ ________ ________ somewhere but her name slips my mind. 34．After school, I ________ ________ ________ any possible time to revise the things I have learnt during the day. 放学后，我尽量利用任何可能的时间来复习我白天所学的东西。 35．________ ________ ________ throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat. 记住在运动过程中要喝水，以弥补因出汗而流失的水分。 36．如果你真的想要和他们保持联系，将他们添加到你实际关注的微博列表中。 If you really want to ________ ________ _________ ________ them, add them to the Weibo list you actually follow. 37．The young man was lying on the ground, his eyes ________________. 那个年轻人躺在地上，眼睛盯着天花板。 38．It left us all ____________________. 这让我们所有人都感到震惊和羞愧。 39．With ________________________, we had no trouble finding his house. 有这位老人引领着我们，我们没有费劲就找到了他家。 40．Only when he left his village ________________________________________. 直到他离开村子时，他才意识到他多么爱他的家人。 四、语法填空 （25-26高二上·江西鹰潭·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the evening of August 16, 2025, Tsinghua University doctoral student Pang Zhongwang 1 (acknowledge) as a “Touching China” 2024 Awardee. His life, like a book of resilience, tells a story of turning hardships into stepping stones — and this tale has warmed and motivated countless hearts. Pang grew up in extreme poverty, trapped in hardships from 2 early age. His father suffers from schizophrenia (精神分裂症); his mother, born with spina bifida (脊柱裂) and later leg-amputated (截肢), could barely move. 3 (make) matters worse, he himself fought congenital heart disease (先天性心脏病). However, he never let adversity drag him down. He still remained optimistic, 4 (hold) onto the belief that “Knowledge changes fate”. In 2017, Pang earned a spot in Tsinghua’s Department of Precision Instruments with a 5 (remark) score. During his 6 (academy) journey at Tsinghua, he initially struggled with self-doubt, but he soon found his passion in research and persisted through numerous 7 (fail) without wavering. When offered donations, he declined and chose to rely instead on school grants and scholarships, demonstrating his self-reliance. Tragically, his mother passed away in 2020, just before he began his doctoral studies at Tsinghua. But this loss didn’t break his spirit. Now, he has published SCI papers and holds patents, devoting himself to the goal of “serving the country through scientific research” — a mission he fully embraces. He even extended his helping hand to others, like assisting a girl in 8 (switch) to her favorite major, proving his story is not just his own, but a light 9 guides others too. As the award speech goes, “You leave hardships behind, face life with a smile, and move forward with strength.” Pang’s journey shows that with resilience and hope, we can all live up 10 expectations and create our own brilliant chapter. （2026高三下·安徽马鞍山·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Jessica Watkins was seven years old, she told her parents she wanted to become an astronaut. They smiled, 1 (encourage) by her determination, but thought it was just a child’s dream. Twenty years later, Watkins proved them wrong. Growing up in a small town, she had limited access 2 science museums or space camps. Yet she never gave up. Every night, she would study under the dim light, 3 (complete) her homework before helping her younger siblings. Her hard work paid off. She earned a scholarship to a top university, 4 she studied geology. After graduation, she applied to NASA’s astronaut program — twice. The first time, she was turned 5 . But she didn’t let failure define her. She gained more experience, earned a doctorate, and applied again. In 2026, Watkins finally received 6 call she had been waiting for. She was selected as one of twelve 7 (candidate) for the Mars mission training program. When asked about her journey, she said, “Success is not about never 8 (fall). It’s about getting up one more time than you fall.” Her story 9 (share) widely on social media, inspiring millions of young people. Today, she serves as a powerful reminder that with persistence, even the 10 (far) dreams can become reality. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1．inform v．通知，告知→information n．信息 2．rarely adv.很少，难得→rare adj.稀有的 3．rejection n．拒绝，否决→reject v．拒绝，否决 4．persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→perseverance n．坚持 5．criticism n．批评；指责→criticize v．批评 6．delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的→delight n．高兴 vt.使高兴→delightful adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 7．worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的→worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的→worth adj.值得的 8．enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→enthusiasm n．热情 9．elect v．选举，推选→election n．选举 10．blessing n．幸事，幸运→bless v．为……祝福 11．appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate v．感激→appreciation n．感激；欣赏 12．mere adj.仅仅，只不过→merely adv.仅仅，只 13．gentleness n．和蔼，温和→gentle adj.温和的→gently adv.温和地 14．permanent adj.长久的；永久的→permanently adv.永久地 15．literary adj.文学的→literature n．文学 16．embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的 一、单句语法填空 1．Following Sommier’s suggestion on introducing Chinese (classic) to the French audience, the Beijing Vocational College of Opera and Arts (BVCOA) staged a series of appealing and innovative performances in 2005. 【答案】classics 【详解】句意：遵循Sommier关于向法国观众介绍中国经典的提议，北京戏曲艺术职业学院于2005年组织了一系列引人入胜且富有创新性的演出。设空处位于形容词Chinese之后，应使用名词classic，作introducing的宾语，意为“经典（作品）”，此处为泛指，应用复数形式classics。 2．The students in front of me talked so loudly that I had to struggle (hear). 【答案】to hear 【详解】句意：我前面的学生说话声音太大，我得费力才能听清。 此处考查固定搭配struggle to do sth.，表示“费力/尽力做某事”，此处用不定式to hear作宾语。 3．Sometimes a person may be in a position where he has to reject other people’s (critical) and stick to his own ideas. 【答案】criticism 【详解】句意：有时候，一个人可能会处于这样的境地：他不得不拒绝他人的批评，并坚持自己的想法。other people’s为所有格，后跟名词，critical是形容词，其名词criticism“批评”满足句意需求，作reject的宾语。 4．I want to tell you how (delight) I was when I heard the good news. 【答案】delighted 【详解】句意：我想告诉你，当我听到这个好消息时，我有多么高兴。此处感叹形容词，且主语为I，故用形容词delighted作表语。 5．In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving (make) their products more competitive. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：为了在国际市场上占据更大份额，许多国有企业正努力使其产品更具竞争力。strive to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”，此处用不定式作宾语。 6．We are deeply (appreciate) of your sincere help and support. 【答案】appreciative 【详解】句意：我们非常感谢您真诚的帮助与支持。空处作表语，用形容词appreciative。 7．Don’t forget (mail) this letter for me on your way to school. 【答案】to mail 【详解】句意：别忘了在你上学的路上帮我寄这封信。forget to do sth.表示“忘记要去做某事”，“寄信”还未发生，所以用to mail，在句中作forget的宾语。 8．Over the next two years, it aims (spotlight) at least 50 emerging Chinese authors through various cultural activities. 【答案】to spotlight 【详解】句意：在接下来的两年里，它计划通过各类文化活动，至少聚焦50位中国新锐作家。 固定搭配aim to do sth，意为“旨在、计划做某事”，空格处需填不定式结构to spotlight作宾语。 9．I am (mere) curious about how you finish it in such a short time. 【答案】merely 【详解】句意：我只是好奇你能在这么短的时间内完成它。空处修饰形容词curious，应用副词merely，意为“仅仅”，作状语。 10．It’s a surprise they haven’t managed (grow) square ones so that they can pack them easily. 【答案】to grow 【详解】句意：令人惊讶的是,他们还未能成功种出方形的（西红柿），这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”,不定式作manage的宾语，所以填to grow。 11．Some women are too (embarrass) to consult their doctor about the problem. 【答案】embarrassed 【详解】句意：有些女性因感到过于害羞，而不敢向医生咨询这个问题。空处作表语，描述主语的心理感受，应用embarrass的形容词形式embarrassed，意为“害羞的，尴尬的”。 12．If you want to succeed, you have to learn how to accept (reject). 【答案】rejection 【详解】句意：如果你想成功，就必须学会接受拒绝。空处作accept的宾语，应用reject的名词形式rejection“拒绝”，是不可数名词。 13．If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new (inform) than to teach it. 【答案】information 【详解】句意：如果你曾经担任过讲师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道，几乎没有比教别人更好的方式来学习新信息了。本空作动词learn的宾语，用名词形式information，为不可数名词。 14．I can’t wait (quit) my boring routine and return to my original simple life peacefully. 【答案】to quit 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我迫不及待想要摆脱枯燥的日常，平静地回归原本简单的生活。can’t wait to do sth.是固定用法，意为“迫不及待做某事”，后面需接动词不定式。故填to quit。 15．It is a privilege (elect) as the representative of the students’ union. 【答案】to be elected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被选为学生会代表是一种荣幸。此处是固定句型“It is + n. + to do sth.”表示“做某事是……”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构；且elect与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，表示“被选为”，所以应用不定式的被动形式to be elected。故填to be elected。 16．She decided (devote) all her spare time to learning painting. 【答案】to devote 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她决定把所有的空闲时间都用来学习绘画。固定搭配decide to do sth. 表示“决定做某事”，因此空格处填动词不定式to devote，作宾语。故填to devote。 17．The local government is determined (solve) the traffic problems in the downtown area as soon as possible. 【答案】to solve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当地政府决心尽快解决市中心的交通问题。“be determined to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“决心做某事”，用动词不定式to solve作宾语。故填to solve。 18．But if you do find it difficult (fall) asleep or stay asleep at night, then you should avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening. 【答案】to fall 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：但如果你确实发现晚上难以入睡或难以保持睡眠状态，那么你应该避免午睡，并在晚上努力培养那种健康的困意。本句中it作形式宾语，设空处动词不定式作真正宾语。故填to fall。 19．It seems as if your American pal is really (enthusiasm) about Chinese culture. 【答案】enthusiastic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：似乎你的美国朋友对中国文化真的很感兴趣。此处用形容词作表语，enthusiasm的形容词形式为enthusiastic，意为“热情的，热心的”，be enthusiastic about为固定短语，意为“对……热情，对……感兴趣”。故填enthusiastic。 20．The brave boy prefers (solve) problems by himself rather than ask for others’ help. 【答案】to solve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个勇敢的男孩宁愿自己解决问题，也不愿寻求别人的帮助。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.为固定短语，意为“宁愿做某事，也不愿做某事”，所以空处需用动词不定式to solve作宾语。故填to solve。 二、单词拼写 21．That’s the reason why he wants to make it a habit not to always ________ (回复) to emails immediately. 【答案】respond 【详解】句意：这就是为什么他想养成不总是立即回复电子邮件的习惯。respond to 表示“回复……”，故填respond。 22．The audience broke into ________ (热情的) cheers at the end of the performance. 【答案】enthusiastic 【详解】句意：演出结束时，观众爆发出热烈的掌声。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词cheers，“热情的”的形容词是enthusiastic。 23．After working and living in Beijing for some time, the Smiths have become ________ (永久的) Beijing citizens. 【答案】permanent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在北京生活和工作了一段时间后，史密斯夫妇已成为北京的永久居民。permanent表示“永久的”，故填permanent。 24．When they planned to ________ (装饰) the bedroom, it was Jemma who had the final say. 【答案】decorate 【详解】考查动词。句意：当他们打算装修卧室时，最终说了算的是杰玛。plan to do sth.“打算做某事”是固定搭配，空处应填动词原形，表示“装饰”用动词decorate。故填decorate。 25．The company ________ (担保、保证) to replace the faulty product for free within one year. 【答案】guarantees 【详解】考查动词。句意：该公司保证在一年内免费更换有问题的产品。根据汉语提示“担保、保证”可知应填动词guarantee，句子描述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语为The company，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填guarantees。 26．We are going to hold a meeting to ________ (选举，推选) a new leader. 【答案】elect 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们将召开会议，选举新任领导。“选举，推选”为动词elect，由不定式符号to可知，应用动词原形。故填elect。 27．I’m very pleased and _____________ (感激) of the support and kindness you have given me. 【答案】appreciative/grateful/thankful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我非常欣慰，也由衷感激你给予我的支持与善意。根据汉语提示“感激”可知，此处为形容词appreciative/grateful/thankful，作表语。故填appreciative/grateful/thankful。 28．She stamped her foot in a rage, feeling it hard to _________(控制) her temper. 【答案】control 【详解】考查动词。句意：她愤怒地跺着脚，觉得很难控制自己的脾气。表示“控制”用动词control，应用其原形和to构成不定式作真正的宾语。故填control。 29．When you are angry, you tend to ________ (把……作为攻击目标) your parents first, even though they care about you the most. 【答案】target 【详解】考查动词。句意：当你生气的时候，往往会首先把气撒在父母身上，尽管他们才是最关心你的那个人。根据汉语提示可知用动词target，此处为不定式作宾语。故填target。 30．It’s a ______________ (幸事，幸运) that nobody was in the house when the accident took place. 【答案】blessing 【详解】考查名词。句意：事故发生时房子里没人，这是幸事。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用名词可数名词blessing在句子作表语，且空前有不定冠词a，故应用名词的单数形式。故填blessing。 三、完成句子 31．他们非常震惊，甚至还没想过要叫救护车。 They were so shocked that they hadn’t even thought ____________________. 【答案】to call for an ambulance yet 【详解】“想到要做某事”翻译为think to do sth，“叫救护车”表达为动宾短语call for an ambulance，用动词不定式形式作宾语；用副词yet置于句末，与前文否定词hadn’t构成“还没”，因此空处填to call for an ambulance yet。 32．The twins ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for their mom. 这对双胞胎觉得为母亲做饭很愉快。 【答案】 found it delightful to cook 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处表达“觉得做饭很愉快”，可用固定结构“find it+形容词+to do sth.”表示“发现做某事……”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，“愉快”可用形容词delightful，“做饭”可用动词cook，且句子可看作是描述过去发生的事，时态宜用一般过去时，因此用过去式found。 33．我清楚地记得在什么地方见过她，但想不起她的名字了。 I can vividly ________ ________ ________ somewhere but her name slips my mind. 【答案】 remember seeing her 【详解】“记得做过某事”为remember doing sth，情态动词can后接remember的原形，“见过”为see，此处用其动名词形式，“她”为her。 34．After school, I ________ ________ ________ any possible time to revise the things I have learnt during the day. 放学后，我尽量利用任何可能的时间来复习我白天所学的东西。 【答案】 try to use 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“尽量利用”， try to do sth.为固定结构，意为“尽力做某事”，try为谓语动词，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为I，谓语动词用原形。动词不定式作try的宾语。“使用”用动词use。故填①try ②to ③use。 35．________ ________ ________ throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat. 记住在运动过程中要喝水，以弥补因出汗而流失的水分。 【答案】 Remember to drink 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“记住要喝水”，句子表达的是对对方的提醒，应用祈使句，以动词原形开头。remember to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“记得要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填①Remember②to③drink 36．如果你真的想要和他们保持联系，将他们添加到你实际关注的微博列表中。 If you really want to ________ ________ _________ ________ them, add them to the Weibo list you actually follow. 【答案】 keep in touch with 【详解】考查动词短语。“和……保持联系”可使用动词短语“keep in touch with”，to后跟动词原形构成动词不定式作want宾语。故填①keep；②in；③touch；④with。 37．The young man was lying on the ground, his eyes ________________. 那个年轻人躺在地上，眼睛盯着天花板。 【答案】staring at the ceiling 【详解】考查动词短语和独立主格结构。此处表示“盯着天花板”为stare at the ceiling，逻辑主语his eyes与动词stare为主动关系，故用现在分词形式构成独立主格结构his eyes staring at the ceiling，作状语。故填staring at the ceiling。 38．It left us all ____________________. 这让我们所有人都感到震惊和羞愧。 【答案】shocked and ashamed 【详解】考查形容词。“震惊和羞愧”补充说明宾语us的情况，应该用形容词短语shocked and ashamed作宾语补足语。故填shocked and ashamed。 39．With ________________________, we had no trouble finding his house. 有这位老人引领着我们，我们没有费劲就找到了他家。 【答案】the old man leading us 【详解】考查with复合结构。“有这位老人引领着我们”作原因状语，结合介词With可知，可处理为with复合结构，“这位老人”作介词with后宾语，用名词the old man，“引领”用动词lead，作宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语the old man之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式leading，宾语“我们”用人称代词us。故填the old man leading us。 40．Only when he left his village ________________________________________. 直到他离开村子时，他才意识到他多么爱他的家人。 【答案】did he realize how he loved his family     【详解】考查时态，宾语从句和倒装。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“他才意识到他多么爱他的家人”，“意识到”是realize，由left可知，句子时态是一般过去时，realize用过去式realized，“他多么爱他的家人”时态用一般过去时，翻译为how he loved his family，是how引导的宾语从句，Only修饰when引导的时间状语从句，位于句首，主句用部分倒装，在本句中人为添加助动词did，并提前到主语he的前面，realized还原成动词原形，因此空格处是did he realize how he loved his family。故填did he realize how he loved his family。 四、语法填空 （25-26高二上·江西鹰潭·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the evening of August 16, 2025, Tsinghua University doctoral student Pang Zhongwang 1 (acknowledge) as a “Touching China” 2024 Awardee. His life, like a book of resilience, tells a story of turning hardships into stepping stones — and this tale has warmed and motivated countless hearts. Pang grew up in extreme poverty, trapped in hardships from 2 early age. His father suffers from schizophrenia (精神分裂症); his mother, born with spina bifida (脊柱裂) and later leg-amputated (截肢), could barely move. 3 (make) matters worse, he himself fought congenital heart disease (先天性心脏病). However, he never let adversity drag him down. He still remained optimistic, 4 (hold) onto the belief that “Knowledge changes fate”. In 2017, Pang earned a spot in Tsinghua’s Department of Precision Instruments with a 5 (remark) score. During his 6 (academy) journey at Tsinghua, he initially struggled with self-doubt, but he soon found his passion in research and persisted through numerous 7 (fail) without wavering. When offered donations, he declined and chose to rely instead on school grants and scholarships, demonstrating his self-reliance. Tragically, his mother passed away in 2020, just before he began his doctoral studies at Tsinghua. But this loss didn’t break his spirit. Now, he has published SCI papers and holds patents, devoting himself to the goal of “serving the country through scientific research” — a mission he fully embraces. He even extended his helping hand to others, like assisting a girl in 8 (switch) to her favorite major, proving his story is not just his own, but a light 9 guides others too. As the award speech goes, “You leave hardships behind, face life with a smile, and move forward with strength.” Pang’s journey shows that with resilience and hope, we can all live up 10 expectations and create our own brilliant chapter. 【答案】 1．was acknowledged 2．an 3．To make 4．holding 5．remarkable 6．academic 7．failures 8．switching 9．that/which 10．to 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了清华博士生庞众望在逆境中坚韧不拔、乐观向上，最终取得成就并激励他人的故事。 1．考查动词语态。句意：2025年8月16日晚，清华大学博士生庞众望被授予“感动中国”2024年度人物。根据时间状语On the evening of August 16, 2025可知，本句描述过去的动作，时态用一般过去时，主语Tsinghua University doctoral student Pang Zhongwang和acknowledge“承认(权威、地位)”为被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was acknowledged。 2．考查冠词。句意：庞从小就生活在极度贫困之中，深陷困境。此处泛指“一个很小的年纪”，且early以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，他自己还患有先天性心脏病。空处作状语，需填非谓语动词，此处为固定短语to make matters worse表示“更糟糕的是”，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填To make。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：他仍然保持乐观，坚信“知识改变命运”。hold onto“坚持”。句中已有谓语动词remained，空处需填非谓语动词，作状语，he和hold为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填holding。 5．考查形容词。句意：2017年，庞以优异的成绩考入清华大学精密仪器系。修饰名词score，需用形容词remarkable“优异的”，作定语。故填remarkable。 6．考查形容词。句意：在清华的学术生涯中，他一开始也有自我怀疑，但很快他就找到了自己对研究的热情，并在无数次失败中坚持不懈。修饰名词journey，需用形容词academic“学术的”，作定语。故填academic。 7．考查名词。句意同上。本空作介词through的宾语，用名词failure“失败”，被形容词numerous修饰，用复数形式。故填failures。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：他甚至向他人伸出援手，比如帮助一名女生转到了她喜欢的专业，证明他的故事不仅仅是他自己的，也是一盏指引他人的明灯。assist sb. in doing sth.为固定短语，意为“帮助某人做某事”，空处需填switch“转变”的动名词，作宾语。故填switching。 9．考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导定语从句，先行词为a light，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 10．考查介词。句意：庞的经历表明，只要有韧性和希望，我们都能不辜负期望，创造属于自己的辉煌篇章。live up to为固定短语，意为“不辜负”，to为介词。故填to。 （2026高三下·安徽马鞍山·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Jessica Watkins was seven years old, she told her parents she wanted to become an astronaut. They smiled, 1 (encourage) by her determination, but thought it was just a child’s dream. Twenty years later, Watkins proved them wrong. Growing up in a small town, she had limited access 2 science museums or space camps. Yet she never gave up. Every night, she would study under the dim light, 3 (complete) her homework before helping her younger siblings. Her hard work paid off. She earned a scholarship to a top university, 4 she studied geology. After graduation, she applied to NASA’s astronaut program — twice. The first time, she was turned 5 . But she didn’t let failure define her. She gained more experience, earned a doctorate, and applied again. In 2026, Watkins finally received 6 call she had been waiting for. She was selected as one of twelve 7 (candidate) for the Mars mission training program. When asked about her journey, she said, “Success is not about never 8 (fall). It’s about getting up one more time than you fall.” Her story 9 (share) widely on social media, inspiring millions of young people. Today, she serves as a powerful reminder that with persistence, even the 10 (far) dreams can become reality. 【答案】 1．encouraged 2．to 3．completing 4．where 5．down 6．the 7．candidates 8．falling 9．was shared 10．farthest/furthest 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述杰西卡·沃特金斯坚持梦想、不懈努力最终入选火星任务训练计划的励志故事。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们笑了，被她的决心所鼓舞，但认为这只是孩子的梦想。此处为非谓语动词作状语，They与encourage为被动关系，所以用过去分词encouraged。故填encouraged。 2．考查介词。句意：她在小镇长大，很少有机会接触科学博物馆或太空夏令营。此处为固定搭配access to，意为“使用……的机会、接触……的权利”，所以用介词to。故填to。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：每天晚上，她都会在昏暗的灯光下学习，先完成作业再帮助弟弟妹妹。此处为非谓语动词作状语，和主语she是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填completing。 4．考查定语从句。句意：她获得了顶尖大学的奖学金，在那里攻读地质学专业。此处引导定语从句，先行词a top university表示地点，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。 5．考查副词。句意：第一次申请，她被拒绝了。此处为固定搭配turn down，意为“拒绝”符合句意，所以用副词down。故填down。 6．考查冠词。句意：2026年，沃特金斯终于接到了她一直等待的那个电话。此处特指她期盼已久的电话，用定冠词the。故填the。 7．考查名词复数。句意：她入选为火星任务训练计划的十二名候选人之一。此处被twelve修饰，应用可数名词复数形式，所以用candidates。故填candidates。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：成功不在于永不跌倒，而在于跌倒后能再站起来一次。此处位于介词about之后，用动名词形式falling。故填falling。 9．考查动词时态和语态。句意：她的故事在社交媒体上被广泛分享，激励了数百万年轻人。此处为谓语动词，share与主语her story之间为被动关系，结合句意，此处描述过去的动作，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Her story是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was shared。故填was shared。 10．考查形容词最高级。句意：如今，她有力地提醒人们，只要坚持不懈，再遥远的梦想也能成真。此处表示“最遥远的”，应用最高级，所以用far的最高级farthest/furthest。故填farthest/furthest。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $