Unit 2 Great ideas 单元测试 2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** Unit 2 "Great ideas"单元卷以科学史与创新案例为情境，融合语言能力与思维品质培养，适配初中英语单元复习，全面覆盖语法、阅读及写作核心能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|10题/15分|连词、非谓语、代词等语法点|以阿基米德杠杆故事为载体，考查语法在语境中的运用| |完形填空|10题/10分|词汇辨析、上下文理解|通过安全别针发明故事，渗透创新思维与问题解决能力| |阅读理解|15题/30分|细节查找、推理判断、主旨归纳|整合中国科技（脑机接口、航天）、伽利略科学贡献、中医海外推广等素材，兼顾文化意识与信息素养| |读写综合|10题/20分|信息匹配、问题回答|关联袁隆平、吴孟超等中外伟人，强化知识迁移与价值认同| |写作|3节/30分|语篇填词、语法填空、演讲稿|以顾方舟等科学家事迹为写作素材，提升语言表达与思维深度|

Unit 2 Great ideas 单元测试卷 [时间:100分钟 分值:110分] 一、语言(知识)运用(共两节,满分25分) 第一节 语法选择(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从1~10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 One sunny afternoon, a young boy was working on a heavy rock. 1 the boy tried his best, the rock did not move. A great thinker, Archimedes, noticed the boy's problem. Then he decided 2 him the power of science. “Let me show you 3 wonderful,” Archimedes said kindly. He found a long strong piece of wood and 4 placed one end under the rock, using a smaller stone as a support point. Then he stood at 5 end and said confidently, “Give me strong support, and I shall move the world!” The boy watched, full of interest. To the boy's surprise, Archimedes pressed down gently on the wood—and the huge rock slowly rose into the air! The boy's eyes widened in amazement. Archimedes explained, “This is a lever. It 6 to move heavy things with less work. A small push here 7 create great power there.” The boy finally understood. With the right tool, even a difficult task could become possible. It wasn't about being stronger, but about being wiser. This event spread quickly. Soon, people began using levers in their daily work, making building and carrying things much 8 . Archimedes' simple lesson had changed 9 people thought about strength and machines. Archimedes' words still encourage young minds today. They remind us that 10 knowledge and creativity, no problem is too challenging. ( )1. A. Because B. Though C. When D. If ( )2. A. show B. to show C. showing D. showed ( )3. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing ( )4. A. care B. careful C. carefulness D. carefully ( )5. A. another B. other C. the other D. others ( )6. A. used B. was used C. uses D. is used ( )7. A. can B. might C. must D. should ( )8. A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. easily ( )9. A. how B. that C. when D. why ( )10. A. by B. for C. on D. with 第二节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从11~20各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 The safety pin(安全别针) is one of the simplest inventions ever. However, this simple idea saved a man named Walter Hunt from a lonely life. Walter Hunt fell in love with a kind lady and they hoped to get married. But the lady's father held a 11 idea about this as Hunt had no job to make his living. Therefore, the father told Hunt that he could marry his daughter only if he made 1,000 dollars within two 12 . Though the task was hard, Hunt 13 her dad that he would achieve it. When Hunt got home, he thought 14 . How could he make 1,000 dollars in such a short time? At that time, a thousand dollars was a lot of money. He tried his best to calm down and then took out a piece of paper. He decided to make a 15 of all the possible solutions. Many days passed. There was still 16 written on the paper. Hunt became more and more worried since he could not afford to lose his beloved lady. 17 , on the 13th day, Hunt came up with an idea. He noticed that a lot of Americans pinned ribbons(丝带) to their shirts around Easter time. While hugging someone else at church or at family meetings, the pins were so 18 that they may hurt them. What's more, the pins would fall off very easily. Hunt thought of the safety pin. It included a clasp over the pin and kept it from opening. So it wouldn't prick(刺) them. It would also keep the ribbons on people's shirts 19 . What a great idea! The next day, Hunt was able to 20 the idea for 1,000 dollars. Luckily, at the very last moment, the safety pin saved Hunt from a life of loneliness. ( )11. A. similar B. different C. difficult D. creative ( )12. A. hours B. days C. weeks D. months ( )13. A. doubted B. lectured C. challenged D. promised ( )14. A. hardly B. seriously C. relaxedly D. carelessly ( )15. A. promise B. living C. choice D. list ( )16. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. nobody ( )17. A. Hopefully B. Thankfully C. Immediately D. Certainly ( )18. A. sharp B. gentle C. small D. large ( )19. A. easier B. shorter C. smaller D. longer ( )20. A. buy B. accept C. sell D. refuse 二、阅读(共两节,满分35分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分) 阅读下列短文,从21~35各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 A China is using new technologies to help people and explore new things. Mind‑reading machines China is working on brain‑computer interface(BCI,脑机接口) devices to help people in different ways. A wireless BCI device helps people with spine injuries(脊柱损伤) move their hands again. They can eat, drink, and pick up things after using NEO at home. Many people tested this technology since 2025. Gene editing Some illnesses, like certain types of cancer, happen because of “bad” chains in our DNA. With CRISPR, a tool like scissors, scientists can “cut” the long chains of DNA to put in “good” pieces or take out “bad” ones. By October 2024, over 30 tests were ongoing. Space plans China sent taikonauts to the Tiangong Space Station, and carried out the Tianwen‑2 mission to sample(取样) the asteroid 2016 HO3 in May 2025. What's more, China and the European Union sent up the satellite SMILE to learn more about solar wind in 2026. Human‑like robots Human‑like robots are also becoming useful. Thanks to better AI and robots, they can move easily and work in restaurants, homes, and factories, just like people. ( )21. What can the BCI device NEO help people with spine injuries do? A. Move their hands. B. Move their legs. C. Treat cancer. D. Work in factories. ( )22. How many tests were ongoing about CRISPR by October 2024 according to the text? A. 3. B. Over 30. C. Less than 30. D. 300. ( )23. What did China do in its 2026 space plans? A. Sent taikonauts to the Tiangong Space Station. B. Sent up a satellite to the Moon. C. Sent up the satellite SMILE. D. Sampled the asteroid 2016 HO3. ( )24. Where can human‑like robots work according to the text? A. In hospitals. B. In schools. C. In factories. D. In banks. ( )25. Where is the text probably from? A. A storybook. B. A science newspaper. C. A travel guide. D. A food magazine. B Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa, Italy, in 1564. His father taught music while his mother cared for kids at home. The family was not wealthy, but Galileo's parents paid for him to go to school. At first Galileo planned to become a doctor, but he changed his mind. He liked a different kind of science‑physics. In Galileo's time, not much was known about how objects moved. Centuries earlier, a Greek(希腊人) named Aristotle had written down his ideas about movements, and everyone seemed to believe them. Galileo questioned those ideas and did experiments(实验) that showed how things really worked. For example, Aristotle thought that a heavier object would fall faster than a lighter one of the same size and shape. No one had ever really tested this idea. It just seemed to be true. Then Galileo came along, dropped two balls from a high tower, and discovered that they hit the ground at the same time! In later years, Galileo became interested in how the stars and planets move. He watched the sky with a telescope(望远镜) he built himself. Once again, he saw things no one had ever seen before. For example, he saw that the Moon was not smooth. Then he noticed that the Sun had spots(斑点) that seemed to move. Galileo realized from his observations(观察) that the Earth was moving around the Sun. A Polish scientist named Copernicus had said this, but no one believed him. Galileo knew that Copernicus was right. Unluckily, Galileo's announcement got him into trouble with the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church said that the Earth was in the centre of the universe(宇宙) with the Sun travelling around it. This was what people had long believed, but Galileo said it was untrue. So he was sent to prison. He was soon set free, but for the rest of his life he had to stay in his house and yard. Galileo died in 1642, but his work helped to change the world. He was sometimes called the “Father of Modern Science”, because he showed us how important it is to look carefully at things and to test out ideas with experiments. ( )26. Both Galileo and Copernicus believed that . A. two objects fall at the same speed B. the Moon is smooth C. the Earth goes around the Sun D. the Earth is the centre of the universe ( )27. We can infer from this passage that . A. Galileo's parents didn't value the education B. all of Aristotle's ideas were proved to be wrong C. Galileo knew Copernicus and exchanged letters with him D. the Catholic Church was very powerful in Galileo's time ( )28. While Galileo stayed at home in his later years, he most probably . A. learned to play music B. began to practise medicine C. continued with his science experiments D. wrote books on modern science ( )29. According to this passage, Galileo is called the “Father of Modern Science” because . A. was brave to fight against the church B. questioned other scientists' ideas C. built a telescope to look at the stars and planets D. made careful observations and tested his ideas ( )30. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Mysteries in the universe B. Galileo, the “Father of Modern Science” C. “Is it true?”—different ideas in science D. Great minds saved the world C Hu Sha, as a doctor, was chosen as a candidate(候选人) for “China's Good Doctors and Good Nurses” 2025. She served with the 20th and 21st Chinese medical teams in Zimbabwe. In Zimbabwe, she helped run the China‑Zimbabwe Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) Centre. At first, some local people were not sure about TCM. She started medical services there for children with cerebral palsy(大脑性瘫痪). Many of these children didn't have good motor function or clear speech. Hu Sha offered free treatment, including acupuncture(针灸) and simple exercises. She also used simple TCM tools, such as cupping jars(火罐), as part of her treatment. After weeks or months of treatment, some children could turn over, sit up, or speak simple words. These improvements were small, but they meant a lot to the children's families. Many parents said they finally saw hope. When they saw their children's progress, they began to believe in these TCM methods. Gradually, local people called her “Dr Chipo” in their language. Their trust in TCM grew deeper, and they were deeply thankful for the help TCM brought to their families. For them, Hu Sha was a gift that China had brought to the people of Zimbabwe. The name showed their respect and thanks because they saw her patience, care, and hard work. Hu Sha also shared TCM culture with local people. She organized activities to introduce TCM knowledge and taught local doctors and nurses some basic TCM skills. She also introduced Chinese culture to local students. During her stay, she treated more than 13,000 people and won high praise from the local people. Her story shows that TCM is a treasure of Chinese culture and can bring health, friendship and hope to people around the world. ( )31. What was Hu Sha's main work in Zimbabwe? A. She provided free food for poor local children. B. She taught Chinese history in a local school. C. She helped run a TCM centre and treated people. D. She worked as a volunteer doctor in a hospital. ( )32. What does the underlined phrase “motor function” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. The ability to move. B. The ability to eat. C. The ability to sleep. D. The ability to read. ( )33. Which of the following shows the changes of the local people's feelings during Hu Sha's TCM treatment? A. Hopeful trustful doubtful thankful. B. Doubtful thankful hopeful trustful. C. Hopeful thankful trustful doubtful. D. Doubtful hopeful trustful thankful. ( )34. What is the right order of the following things according to the text? ①Local people called Hu Sha “Dr Chipo”. ②Hu Sha joined Chinese medical teams to Zimbabwe. ③Some children could turn over, sit up, or speak simple words. ④Hu Sha offered free treatment like acupuncture and simple exercises. A. ② ④ ① ③ B. ② ④ ③ ① C. ④ ① ③ ② D. ④ ② ① ③ ( )35. What does the text mainly tell us? A. TCM is popular around the world. B. Many children need help in Zimbabwe. C. Chinese doctors work hard in Zimbabwe. D. Hu Sha brings TCM and hope to Zimbabwe. 第二节 阅读填空(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分) 阅读短文及文后A~E选项,选出可以填入36~40各题空白处的最佳选项。 “Sugar pills”—a live oral polio vaccine(口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗), were developed by Gu Fangzhou, a famous scientist from China. 36. In 1926, Gu Fangzhou was born in Shanghai. Gu's family faced a difficult time with the sudden death of his father. 37. But he got out of all the difficulties and entered the Peking University's medical department in 1944. 38. In 1955, a severe polio epidemic broke out in Nantong. In 1957, Gu Fangzhou led research to prevent the disease. 39. The vaccine needed to be kept at a temperature of two to eight, but it was impossible to provide a fridge in those days. In the early 1960s, he developed two kinds of live vaccine‑sugar pills. “I feel satisfied. I can tell people that I tried my best, and your kids will no longer get polio,” said Gu Fangzhou. “40. ” A. That's all I have hoped for. B. He spent his whole life developing polio vaccine. C. And at school, he was laughed at because he was poor. D. After several years, Gu Fangzhou decided to work for the public health. E. Two years later, Gu succeeded in developing the first live polio vaccine. 三、项目情境(读写综合)(共两节,满分20分) 第一节 信息匹配(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) 41-45是五位学生的兴趣爱好,A-F是六位伟人的简介,请为五位学生匹配对应的简介。选项中有一项为多余选项。 ( )41. Sally likes eating. She'd like to give thanks to scientists who study rice. She wants to learn the history of rice. ( )42. Tim's father is an excellent doctor. Influenced by his father, he dreams of becoming a doctor. ( )43. Lily has a great love for maths. She hopes to do something for the Goldbach's Conjecture when she grows up. ( )44. Judy has a great interest in English translation. She has made a decision to become a translator in the future. ( )45. Jack is good at history. Now he is studying the history of the Revolution of 1911. A. Wu Mengchao is known as the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery(肝胆外科)”. He has saved more than 16,000 lives with his serious illness. B. He Zhizhang is a well‑known historian and translator. In 2015, at the age of 94, he won the “TAC's Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation”. C. Lin Xiuqin is an expert in wheat and farming. She has won three national prizes for progress in science and technology. D. Yuan Longping was the first Chinese to do research on hybrid rice, and the first scientist in the world to make use of the advantages of hybrid rice. E. Zhang Kaiyuan is a Chinese historian and educator. He mainly studied the history of the Revolution of 1911. F. Wang Yuan is a Chinese mathematician. He is known for his great work in the Goldbach's Conjecture. 第二节 读写综合(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) 请阅读下面短文,根据所提供的信息,回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 As we grow up, we gradually develop a set of our own values or beliefs. These are influenced by society, our family, education we receive and so on. Once this value system is set up, it's not easy to change later in life. Financial(金融) experts say that everyone also has their own belief about how to manage their money. According to our different values, experts put us in three kinds. They are: the ant, the cricket(蟋蟀) and the snail(蜗牛). The ant‑work first Just like ants who work with heart and soul in summer in order to store food for winter, these people don't care about enjoying the moment. They work very hard and save money they earn so that they can enjoy life when they get old and retire. They love to save but they could make more out of their money if they were willing to invest in some funds and stocks(股票基金) with low risk. The cricket‑fun first The cricket wants to enjoy everything now and doesn't think too much about the future. They even borrow money when they really want something. Many young people now belong to this group. These people have little savings. When they get old, they might have problems. They should learn to save and buy insurance(保险). The snail‑live under pressure The snail refers to people who make life difficult for themselves. They take big long‑term loans(贷款) from the bank in order to buy things such as expensive houses. They are happy to take big loans even though they are not sure they can afford it. This can cause problems in the future. They should plan more carefully. It's easy or difficult to change when the value system is set up? 46.Is it easy or difficult to change when the value system is set up? 47. How many groups have experts divided people into according to different values? 48. Do people like ants care about enjoying the moment now? 49. The crickets work hard for the future, don't they? 50. Why do some people take big long‑term loans from the bank? 四、写作(共三节,满分30分) 第一节 语篇填词(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分) 阅读短文,根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式,每空限填一词。 In the past, human 51. a about the vast universe was quite common. Most people were completely 52. s with the traditional belief that the Earth was the absolute centre of everything, never questioning the stars above. However, Nicholas Copernicus proposed a bold new theory to 53. d this incorrect idea. He bravely suggested that our planet actually travels around the Sun. Decades later, Galileo used his newly invented telescope to 54. p this great scientific truth through careful observations. This amazing discovery successfully challenged the old rules and encouraged people to think independently. 55. T, it opened a brand new door for modern astronomy and completely changed how we understand the world. 第二节 语法填空(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分) 阅读下面短文,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 There was a terrible famine(饥荒) in the African country of Sudan. Richard Curtis, a British comedy writer, and his friend Alexander Mendis saw the news reports and wanted to make a 56. (different). They began a charity called Comic Relief with the help of charity worker Jane Tewson. The charity had the idea of selling red plastic noses to raise money. It was a huge success, and selling red noses became 57. regular part of the charity's fund‑raising efforts. People around Britain were encouraged to organize the events—the funnier, the better. The money helped projects all over Africa and in the UK, too. In 1987, BBC television 58. (support) Comic Relief with a whole afternoon and evening of special TV programmes, calling it Red Nose Day. People around Britain organized fund‑raising events around the same time and sent 59. (they) money to Red Nose Day. In total, the event raised over 7 million for charity. Since it began, Comic Relief 60. (raise) more than 200 million. The charity produces books, CDs and other things to help to raise money. In 2001, J. K. Rowling wrote two books for Comic Relief based on her famous Harry Potter novels, and all the money from the sales went to the charity. 第三节 书面表达(2025‑2026广州天河中学月考) 假定你是李华,你校英语社团即将举行主题为“My favourite great mind”的演讲比赛。请你用英文写一篇80词左右的演讲稿,介绍你最喜欢的中外卓越人物。已给出部分不计入总词数。 Hello, everyone! Unit 2 Great ideas 单元测试卷 参考答案 一、语言知识运用 第一节 语法选择 1. B Though 虽然,尽管。虽然男孩拼尽全力,石头还是纹丝不动 2. B decide to do sth 决定做某事 3. A something wonderful 一些奇妙的事物 4. D carefully 副词,修饰动词placed 5. C the other (两者当中)的另一个 6. D is used 被动语态,它被用来省力搬动重物 7. A can 能够,小小的推力在这里可以产生巨大的力量 8. B much+比较级,easier 更加容易 9. A how 如何,改变了人们看待力量与机器的方式 10. D with 凭借,有了知识和创造力,没有难题无法攻克 语法选择:1‑5 BBADC 6‑10 DABAD 第二节 完形填空 11. B different 女孩父亲对此有不一样的看法 12. D months 在两个月之内赚到1000美元 13. D promised 他向女孩父亲承诺会完成任务 14. B seriously 他认真地思考 15. D make a list 列一份清单 16. A nothing 纸上依旧什么都没有写下 17. B Thankfully 万幸的是,第13天想到主意 18. A sharp 别针很尖锐,容易扎伤人 19. A easier 也能让丝带更容易固定在衣服上 20. C sell 把这个想法卖掉,换得1000美元 完形填空:11‑15 BDDBD 16‑20 AB AAC 二、阅读理解 A篇 21. A 帮助脊柱受伤的人重新活动双手 22. B By October 2024, over 30 tests were ongoing 23. C 2026年发射卫星SMILE 24. C 仿人机器人可以在工厂工作 25. B 科学报纸 A:21‑25 ABCCB B篇(伽利略) 26. C 地球绕着太阳转 27. D 天主教会在伽利略时代势力强大 28. C 居家期间继续科学实验 29. D 细致观察并用实验验证想法 30. B 伽利略:现代科学之父 B:26‑30 CDCDB C篇(胡莎医生) 31. C 协助运营中医中心,救治病人 32. A motor function 运动能力 33. D doubtful hopeful trustful thankful 怀疑 看到希望 信任 满怀感激 34. B ②赴津巴布韦医疗队 ④开展免费治疗 ③孩子出现好转 ①当地人称呼她Dr Chipo 35. D 胡莎把中医和希望带给津巴布韦 C:31‑35 CADBD 第二节 阅读填空(36‑40) 原文讲顾方舟糖丸疫苗 36. B He spent his whole life developing polio vaccine. 37. C And at school, he was laughed at because he was poor. 38. D After several years, Gu Fangzhou decided to work for the public health. 39. E Two years later, Gu succeeded in developing the first live polio vaccine. 40. A That's all I have hoped for. 36‑40:BCDEA 三、项目情境 读写综合 第一节 信息匹配(41‑45) 41. D 研究水稻‑袁隆平 42. A 医生‑吴孟超 43. F 哥德巴赫猜想‑王元 44. B 翻译家‑何兆武 45. E 辛亥革命历史‑章开沅 41‑45:DAFBE 第二节 回答问题 46. It is difficult.. 47. Three. / Experts have divided people into three groups. 48. No, they don't. 49. No, they don't. 50. Because they want to buy things such as expensive houses. 四、写作 第一节 语篇填词 51. awareness 52. satisfied 53. disprove 54. prove 55. Therefore / Thus 第二节 语法填空 56. difference (make a difference 产生影响) 57. a (a regular part 一个常规部分) 58. supported 一般过去时 59. their 形容词性物主代词修饰money 60. has raised (since it began,现在完成时) 56‑60:difference;a;supported;their;has raised 第三节 书面表达 参考范文(My favourite great mind) Hello, everyone! My favourite great mind is Gu Fangzhou. He is a great Chinese scientist. When he was young, his family lived a hard life. However, he studied hard and chose to work for public health. He spent his whole life developing polio vaccine. He created the sugar‑pill vaccine and saved millions of kids. He tried his best and never gave up. His spirit encourages me a lot. I hope I can do something useful for our country in the future. Thank you! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $