Unit 3 My School Section A(Grammar Focus 3a-3d) 讲义 2026-2027学年英语人教版七年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦there be句型（肯定/否定/疑问及答语、how many提问、就近原则）与方位介词（in front of/behind/next to等）核心知识点，通过校园地图描述方位介词引入，经3a聚焦词法，系统归纳句型结构及就近原则，辅以对比辨析（如in front of与in the front of）和图示支架。 资料以情境化校园地图为特色导入，通过对比辨析易混介词、famous for/as用法及任务型练习（3b填空、3c辨介词、3d对比讨论）提升语言能力，培养思维品质。课中教师可依托系统归纳与图示辅助教学，课后学生通过总结表格和随堂练习巩固知识，有效查漏补缺。

Unit 3 My School Section A (Grammar Focus 3a–3d) · There be 与方位介词　（讲义 · 学生用） 课时基本信息 课题 Unit 3 My School Section A（Grammar Focus 3a–3d） 课型 语法·归纳课（there be 句型与方位介词） 年级 七年级上册 课时 第 3 课时（对应教材 Section A Grammar Focus 3a–3d） 教材 人教版（2024）七年级上册 Unit 3 My School Section A（Grammar Focus 3a–3d），课本第 39 页 主题 there be 存现句结构、方位介词短语、就近原则 教学重难点 重点 系统掌握 there be 句型（肯定 / 否定 / 疑问及答语、how many 提问、就近原则）；熟练运用方位介词 in front of / behind / next to / between / across from / at the back of 等描述位置。 难点 理解 there be 中 be 与最近主语在数上的一致（就近原则）；区分 in front of（外部前）与 in the front of（内部前排）、opposite 与 across from 的语义与用法。 （一）看图说方位：描述校园建筑位置（课本 p.39） 观察校园地图，用 Where is / are …? 提问并用方位介词作答： — Where is the Library? — It's at the back of the school, next to the Student Centre. — Where is the Science Building? — It's between the School Hall and the school gate. — Where is the Art Building? — It's in front of the Gym, and it's next to the Dining Hall. 方位介词 / 短语 含义 behind 在……后面 in front of 在……（外部）前面 next to 在……旁边 between … and … 在……和……中间 across from 在……对面 at the back of 在……后部 in the middle of 在……中间 （图示：校园地图 — 用 Where is …? 与方位介词描述建筑位置，课本 p.39） 【过渡语】从直观的校园地图出发，唤醒方位介词，自然过渡到 there be 与方位介词的语法归纳。 （二）3a 方位介词聚焦（课本 p.39） 3a Read the sentences. Circle the prepositions of position. / Underline the verbs in there be structure. 圈出方位介词、划出 there be 中的动词： 原句 方位介词 / there be 动词 Where is the library? It is behind the classroom building. behind / is Where are the bookcases? They are next to the window. next to / are Is there a whiteboard in your classroom? in / is Are there any lockers? any（疑问）/ are There is a teachers' building across from the school hall. across from / is There are some trees in front of the sports field. in front of / are （图示：3a 圈方位介词、划 there be 动词，课本 p.39） 【知识点】方位介词表示物体间的位置或方向关系；there be 中的 be（is / are）由后面紧跟的名词决定单复数。 （三）方位介词与介词短语（课本 p.39） 常见方位介词及例句： 介词 含义 例句 at 在（小地点） We meet at the bus stop. above 在……上方 There is a lamp above the desk. over 在正上方 There is a big tree over the house. behind 在……后面 There is a big tree behind the house. near 在……附近 I live near my school. opposite 在……对面 The library is opposite the gym. along 沿着 Walk along this street. 易混对比：in front of the classroom building（楼前）/ in the front of the classroom（教室前排）；on the left / right of（在左 / 右侧）；between A and B（在 A 与 B 中间）。 （图示：方位介词例句 — above / behind / near / opposite / along，课本 p.39） 【提示框】across from 与 opposite 都可表“在……对面”；in front of 与 in the front of 方向相反，务必辨析。 （四）There be 存现句：基本结构（课本 p.39） there be 表示“（某地 / 某时）有某物或某人”，there 无实义，be 与最近名词保持数的一致： ① 肯定句：There be + 主语 + 地点 / 时间状语。 There is a reading corner in our classroom. There are two blackboards at the back of the room. ② 否定句：There be + not + 主语 …。 There is not a locker in the classroom. There are not forty desks in this room. ③ 一般疑问句：Be there + 主语 …? 答语：Yes, there is / are. / No, there isn't / aren't. — Is there a smart whiteboard next to the blackboard? — Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. （图示：there be 肯定 / 否定 / 疑问句结构，课本 p.39） 【知识点】对可数名词数量提问用 How many … are there …?；对 there be 主语提问时通常省略 there：What is in front of the blackboard? （五）There be 的就近原则（课本 p.39） 当 there be 后接两个及以上并列主语时，be 的形式与距离它最近的主语在数上保持一致： There is a gym and two classroom buildings in our school. （最近主语 a gym 单数 → is） There are two classrooms and a dining hall in the middle. （最近主语 two classrooms 复数 → are） （图示：就近原则 — be 与最近主语一致，课本 p.39） 【易混点】就近原则只用于 there be；最近主语是单数/不可数用 is，是复数用 are，不要被远端主语干扰。 （六）3b 句型填空 & 3c 辨介词（课本 p.39） 3b Complete the sentences below. 用 be 动词与方位词补全： 1. A: Where are the lockers? B: They're next to the reading corner. 2. There is a nice library behind the classroom building. 3. A: Is there a gym in this school? B: Yes, there is. It's across from the dining hall. 4. A: Are there any flowers in front of the classroom building? B: No, there aren't. But there are some trees. 3c Circle the correct prepositions. 在英国教室图中圈出正确介词：a screen in front of / on the wall；a whiteboard next to / under the screen；bookcases across from / behind the whiteboard；the teacher's desk under / in front of a window；students sit between / on chairs. （图示：3b 补全句子，课本 p.39） （图示：3c 圈出正确方位介词，课本 p.39） 【答题技巧】3b 先判定主语单复数选定 is / are，再据语境填方位词；3c 结合图片空间关系选择唯一合理的介词。 （七）3d 对比：你的教室与图中教室（课本 p.39） 3d Talk about how your classroom is different from the classroom in 3c. 仿照范例对比： A: In our classroom, there are some plants next to the teacher's desk. B: And there's a blackboard in our classroom. A: There are many colorful drawings on the wall beside the window. B: There are lots of storybooks on the shelf near the front wall. 【提示框】对比用 There is / are … in our classroom. 一句说一个差异点，注意 be 与主语的数一致。 （八）语言点：famous（课本 p.39） famous〔形容词〕著名的；出名的。 be famous for 因……而出名（后接原因）：China is famous for the Great Wall. 这座小镇因美味小吃而出名。 be famous as 作为……而出名（后接身份/职业）：Mo Yan is famous as a writer. She is famous as a good English teacher. （图示：language point — famous 的 for / as 辨析，课本 p.39） 【易混点】for 后接出名的原因，as 后接出名的身份；二者不可混用。 （九）随堂练习 一、单项选择： 1．The school hall is ________ the classroom building and the science building. A．next to B．in front of C．between D．behind 2．—Where ________ the lockers? —________ next to the reading corner. A．is; It's B．are; They're C．is; They're D．are; It's 3．The teacher's desk is in the corner, ________ a window. A．in front of B．next C．between D．across 4．—Do you mean the new library is opposite our school? —Yes. It's ________ our school. A．across from B．among C．through D．over 二、根据汉语补全句子： 1．悬崖村有很多令人惊叹的高山和河流。→ ________ ________ many amazing mountains and rivers in Cliff Village. 2．教室里有一面国旗、几张图片和许多桌椅。→ ________ ________ a national flag, some pictures, many desks and chairs in the classroom. 3．—— 教学楼前有一些花吗？ —— 没有，但有一些树。→ — ________ there any flowers in front of the classroom building? — No, there ________. But there ________ some trees. 参考答案：一、1. C　2. B　3. A　4. A　二、1. There are　2. There is　3. Are; aren't; are （十）课堂总结（Summary） 本课时语法要点： 要点 内容 方位介词 in front of / behind / next to / between … and … / across from / at the back of / in the middle of There be 肯定 There is + 单数/不可数；There are + 复数 There be 疑问 Is / Are there …? → Yes, there is / are. / No, there isn't / aren't. 就近原则 be 与最近的主语在数上一致 famous be famous for 因…出名；be famous as 作为…出名 易错提醒 there be 的 be 由最近主语决定（就近原则）：There is a pen and two books.（✓）勿因远端复数误用 are。 in front of（楼外前面）≠ in the front of（室内前排），描述校园建筑用 in front of。 疑问句 Are there any …? 中用 any；肯定句用 some。答语要与问句单复数一致。 famous for（原因）与 famous as（身份）搭配对象不同，不可互换。 答题技巧 3b 填空先判主语单复数选 is / are，再据语境填方位介词。 3c 辨介词时结合图片空间关系，选出唯一合理的方位词。 单选先读题干锁定“单复数 / 方位 / 介词搭配”三个考点，再排除干扰项。 语言点归纳 方位介词：behind / in front of / next to / between … and … / across from / at the back of / in the middle of。 There be：肯定 There is / are；疑问 Is / Are there …?；答语 Yes, there is / are. 否定 No, there isn't / aren't. 就近原则：be 与最近主语一致。 famous for（原因）/ famous as（身份）。 课堂总结 本课系统归纳 there be 句型与方位介词，掌握肯定、否定、疑问及就近原则； 能运用方位介词描述校园与教室物品位置，完成 3a–3d 语法任务； 理解 famous 的 for / as 辨析，并能正确造句。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $