Unit 3 Food 语法专题练习 2026-2027学年沪教版（五四学制）英语六年级上册

学校：___________ 姓名：___________ 班级：___________ 考号：___________ 上海沪教版（五四学制）六年级上册Unit 3 Food语法专题练习 （学生版） 上海沪教版（五四学制） 六年级上册英语 本专题围绕六年级上册 Unit 3 Food 的可数与不可数名词语法设计，涵盖可数名词的单复数形式与搭配、不可数名词的特点与搭配、some/any 的用法以及 How many/How much 的数量询问，紧扣食物主题进行梳理。 听力热身（共10分） A.（共10分，每题2分） Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列句子，每空格不超过三词）：【此处可播放相关音频，请去听力文件查看】 1. In my kitchen, there are some __________ and three __________ on the table. 2. My mother buys a carton of __________ and a loaf of __________ every morning. 3. My father likes __________ and __________ for dinner. 4. My sister Helen loves __________ and __________, but she does not like noodles. 5. We need two __________, a __________, and some lettuce. 二、本单元语法要点梳理 1. 可数名词的单复数与搭配 （1）可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。单数形式前常用 a 或 an，复数形式通常在词尾加 -s 或 -es；表示数量时，可数名词复数可与数词或 many 连用，例如 two apples 或 many eggs。 （2）在谈论食物时：an apple 表示一个苹果，three bananas 表示三根香蕉，many tomatoes 表示许多西红柿。 （3）可数名词单数前不能缺少 a/an 或限定词；复数形式不能与 a/an 连用，也不能与不可数名词专用的 much 连用。 2. 不可数名词的特点与搭配 （1）不可数名词没有复数形式，不能直接与 a/an 或数词连用；表示数量时常与 much、some、a little 等词搭配。 （2）食物类不可数名词如 water、rice、bread、milk 等，可以说 some water 或 a little rice，但不能说 a water 或 two rices。 （3）不要把不可数名词误加 -s 当作复数，也不要用 a/an 或数词直接修饰；需要表示具体数量时，可借助 a glass of 或 a piece of 等量词短语，如 a glass of water。 3. some 与 any 的用法 （1）some 和 any 都可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词；在肯定句中通常用 some，在否定句和疑问句中通常用 any。 （2）例如：I have some rice for lunch. / Do you want any bananas? / There isn't any milk in the fridge. 注意 some 后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，any 同样如此。 （3）在否定句和疑问句中不要随意把 any 换成 some；同样，在肯定句中一般不用 any 代替 some。 4. How many 与 How much 的区别 （1）How many 用于询问可数名词的数量，后接可数名词复数；How much 用于询问不可数名词的数量，后接不可数名词。 （2）例如：How many apples do we need? / How much water is there in the bottle? 前一句用 many 因 apples 可数，后一句用 much 因 water 不可数。 （3）与 many 和 much 的用法一致：many 只用于可数名词复数，much 只用于不可数名词；因此选择 How many 还是 How much 取决于名词本身是否可数。 三、单项选择（共20题） 从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 1. Yesterday my father bought some rice and three ____ from the market near our home. A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos D. tomatoe 2. Can you tell me how ____ cheese we need to buy for the pizza tonight? A. many B. a few C. much D. a 3. Can I have ____ milk, please? I am very thirsty after the long walk. A. any B. a C. an D. some 4. Can you tell me ____ apples you usually eat every day for breakfast? A. How much B. How often C. How many D. How long 5. There are ____ books on the shelf about animals and plants in the library. A. much B. many C. a little D. a 6. There isn't ____ milk left in the fridge, so we need to buy some for breakfast. A. many B. much C. a few D. few 7. There aren't ____ eggs in the fridge, so I'll buy some this afternoon. A. some B. any C. a D. an 8. ____ oranges did you buy for the party at the supermarket last Friday? A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How far 9. My mother bought ____ big apple from the market near our house this morning. A. a B. an C. some D. many 10. There is only ____ rice left in the pot, not enough for two people. A. many B. much C. a little D. a few 11. My mother usually buys ____ vegetables and rice at the supermarket every week. A. some B. any C. many D. much 12. ____ bottles of water do we need to bring for the long walk tomorrow? A. How much B. How old C. How many D. How far 13. My sister has ____ new bicycle and many toys in her small room. A. an B. many C. a few D. a 14. There is only ____ rice in the bowl, so we need to cook more. A. a few B. a little C. many D. a 15. Do you have ____ questions about the new school project this week? A. some B. a C. any D. an 16. ____ apples does your younger brother usually buy at the big supermarket every week? A. How many B. How much C. How often D. What 17. Last Sunday, my little sister counted ____ birds in the tree near our house. A. a B. an C. many D. much 18. After the long walk in the park, there is only ____ water left in my bottle. A. many B. much C. a few D. a little 19. Do you have ____ tomatoes in the fridge? I want to make a salad. A. some B. any C. many D. much 20. ____ milk does your mother usually put in her coffee every morning before work? A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How long 四、语法选择（共10分） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Living a healthy life is important to me. I am Tom, a student from Shanghai. I like vegetables and fruit. My father and I often cook together. Today, we want to make some vegetable soup. We need some 1 and potatoes. Do we have 2 milk at home? No, we don't. We need to buy 3 onion and some chicken. We go to the supermarket 4 the afternoon. 5 many people in the supermarket. The vegetables 6 fresh, so we buy some tomatoes and potatoes. We also buy some fruit for dessert. My father buys some chicken 7 some fish. He 8 the food in the kitchen after we get home. 9 are my favourite vegetables. There is some 10 in the bag too. We will enjoy a delicious dinner together. My father is happy, too. I hope we can cook again next weekend. 1．A．tomato B．tomatoes C．a tomato D．an tomato 2．A．some B．any C．a D．many 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．in B．on C．at D．from 5．A．There is B．There are C．There have D．There has 6．A．is B．are C．am D．be 7．A．and B．or C．but D．so 8．A．cook B．cooks C．cooking D．cooked 9．A．This B．These C．That D．It 10．A．rice B．rices C．a rice D．an rice 第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校：___________ 姓名：___________ 班级：___________ 考号：___________ 上海沪教版（五四学制）六年级上册Unit 3 Food语法专题练习 （教师版） 上海沪教版（五四学制） 六年级上册英语 本专题围绕六年级上册 Unit 3 Food 的可数与不可数名词语法设计，涵盖可数名词的单复数形式与搭配、不可数名词的特点与搭配、some/any 的用法以及 How many/How much 的数量询问，紧扣食物主题进行梳理。 听力热身（共10分） A.（共10分，每题2分） Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列句子，每空格不超过三词）：【此处可播放相关音频，请去听力文件查看】 1. In my kitchen, there are some __________ and three __________ on the table. 2. My mother buys a carton of __________ and a loaf of __________ every morning. 3. My father likes __________ and __________ for dinner. 4. My sister Helen loves __________ and __________, but she does not like noodles. 5. We need two __________, a __________, and some lettuce. 听力原文与答案解析 A. 短文填空 【答案】1. apples；oranges 【解析】短文中提到厨房桌子上有一些苹果和三个橙子，因此第一空填 apples，第二空填 oranges。 【答案】2. milk；bread 【解析】短文中提到妈妈每天早上买一盒牛奶和一条面包，因此第一空填 milk，第二空填 bread。 【答案】3. rice；fish 【解析】短文中提到爸爸晚餐喜欢米饭和鱼，因此第一空填 rice，第二空填 fish。 【答案】4. chicken；chips 【解析】短文中提到姐姐 Helen 喜欢鸡肉和薯条，但不喜欢面条，因此第一空填 chicken，第二空填 chips。 【答案】5. tomatoes；cucumber 【解析】短文中提到做沙拉需要两个番茄、一根黄瓜和一些生菜，因此第一空填 tomatoes，第二空填 cucumber。 【原文】My name is Peter. I like talking about food. In my kitchen, there are some apples and three oranges on the table. My mother buys a carton of milk and a loaf of bread every morning. She says fruit and vegetables are good for us. My father likes rice and fish for dinner. He often adds a little salt to the fish. My sister Helen loves chicken and chips, but she does not like noodles. She drinks a glass of orange juice after meals. I eat an egg and a bowl of cereal for breakfast. There is not much sugar in our food. We need some oil and a bag of rice for cooking. On Sundays, we make a big vegetable salad. We need two tomatoes, a cucumber, and some lettuce. My brother wants three strawberries in the salad. I love this salad because it is fresh and healthy. Food gives us energy every day. 二、本单元语法要点梳理 1. 可数名词的单复数与搭配 （1）可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。单数形式前常用 a 或 an，复数形式通常在词尾加 -s 或 -es；表示数量时，可数名词复数可与数词或 many 连用，例如 two apples 或 many eggs。 （2）在谈论食物时：an apple 表示一个苹果，three bananas 表示三根香蕉，many tomatoes 表示许多西红柿。 （3）可数名词单数前不能缺少 a/an 或限定词；复数形式不能与 a/an 连用，也不能与不可数名词专用的 much 连用。 2. 不可数名词的特点与搭配 （1）不可数名词没有复数形式，不能直接与 a/an 或数词连用；表示数量时常与 much、some、a little 等词搭配。 （2）食物类不可数名词如 water、rice、bread、milk 等，可以说 some water 或 a little rice，但不能说 a water 或 two rices。 （3）不要把不可数名词误加 -s 当作复数，也不要用 a/an 或数词直接修饰；需要表示具体数量时，可借助 a glass of 或 a piece of 等量词短语，如 a glass of water。 3. some 与 any 的用法 （1）some 和 any 都可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词；在肯定句中通常用 some，在否定句和疑问句中通常用 any。 （2）例如：I have some rice for lunch. / Do you want any bananas? / There isn't any milk in the fridge. 注意 some 后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，any 同样如此。 （3）在否定句和疑问句中不要随意把 any 换成 some；同样，在肯定句中一般不用 any 代替 some。 4. How many 与 How much 的区别 （1）How many 用于询问可数名词的数量，后接可数名词复数；How much 用于询问不可数名词的数量，后接不可数名词。 （2）例如：How many apples do we need? / How much water is there in the bottle? 前一句用 many 因 apples 可数，后一句用 much 因 water 不可数。 （3）与 many 和 much 的用法一致：many 只用于可数名词复数，much 只用于不可数名词；因此选择 How many 还是 How much 取决于名词本身是否可数。 三、单项选择（共20题） 从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 1. Yesterday my father bought some rice and three ____ from the market near our home. A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos D. tomatoe 【答案】B 【知识点】可数名词有单复数形式，可与a/an、数词、many搭配；tomato的复数形式为tomatoes 【解析】空格前有数词three，所以需要可数名词复数形式。tomato的复数形式是tomatoes，所以选B。选项A是单数形式，不能与three连用；选项C和D的拼写错误，不是正确复数形式。 2. Can you tell me how ____ cheese we need to buy for the pizza tonight? A. many B. a few C. much D. a 【答案】C 【知识点】不可数名词无复数形式，常与much、some、a little搭配；cheese是不可数名词，用how much询问数量 【解析】cheese是不可数名词，询问不可数名词的数量用how much；many和a few修饰可数名词复数；a修饰可数名词单数。所以选C。 3. Can I have ____ milk, please? I am very thirsty after the long walk. A. any B. a C. an D. some 【答案】D 【知识点】some/any可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词；some常用于肯定句或表示请求/建议的疑问句；milk是不可数名词，用some 【解析】milk是不可数名词，不用a/an修饰；在表示请求的疑问句“Can I have...?”中常用some表示期望得到肯定回答，所以选D。any通常用于否定句和普通疑问句，但这里不是最自然的用法。 4. Can you tell me ____ apples you usually eat every day for breakfast? A. How much B. How often C. How many D. How long 【答案】C 【知识点】How many询问可数名词数量，How much询问不可数名词数量；apples是可数名词复数，用How many 【解析】apples是可数名词复数，询问数量用How many；How much用于不可数名词；How often询问频率；How long询问时间长度。所以选C。 5. There are ____ books on the shelf about animals and plants in the library. A. much B. many C. a little D. a 【答案】B 【知识点】可数名词有单复数形式，可与a/an、数词、many搭配；books是可数名词复数，用many修饰 【解析】books是可数名词复数，用many修饰；much修饰不可数名词；a little修饰不可数名词；a修饰可数名词单数。所以选B。 6. There isn't ____ milk left in the fridge, so we need to buy some for breakfast. A. many B. much C. a few D. few 【答案】B 【知识点】不可数名词无复数形式，常与 much、some、a little 搭配；在否定句中用much 【解析】milk是不可数名词，不能用many、a few、few修饰；否定句中通常用much表示“没有多少”，故选B。 7. There aren't ____ eggs in the fridge, so I'll buy some this afternoon. A. some B. any C. a D. an 【答案】B 【知识点】some / any 可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词；否定句中用any 【解析】eggs是可数名词复数，否定句中通常用any，而some用于肯定句；a/an只能修饰单数可数名词，故选B。 8. ____ oranges did you buy for the party at the supermarket last Friday? A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How far 【答案】A 【知识点】How many 询问可数名词数量，How much 询问不可数名词数量 【解析】oranges是可数名词复数，询问数量用How many；How much用于不可数名词，How long询问长度或时间，How far询问距离，故选A。 9. My mother bought ____ big apple from the market near our house this morning. A. a B. an C. some D. many 【答案】B 【知识点】可数名词有单复数形式，可与 a/an、数词、many 搭配；不定冠词an用于元音音素前 【解析】apple是可数名词单数，以元音音素开头，要用an；a用于辅音音素开头的单数名词前，some和many修饰复数或不可数名词，故选B。 10. There is only ____ rice left in the pot, not enough for two people. A. many B. much C. a little D. a few 【答案】C 【知识点】不可数名词无复数形式，常与 much、some、a little 搭配；肯定句中用a little表示少量 【解析】rice是不可数名词，不能用many、a few修饰；much常用于否定句或疑问句，而此处是肯定句且表示“只有一点”，用a little更合适，故选C。 11. My mother usually buys ____ vegetables and rice at the supermarket every week. A. some B. any C. many D. much 【答案】A 【知识点】some / any 可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词 【解析】空格处应填 some，因为 some 可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，且常用于肯定句；any 用于否定句或疑问句，many 仅修饰可数名词复数，不能修饰 rice；much 仅修饰不可数名词，不能修饰 vegetables。 12. ____ bottles of water do we need to bring for the long walk tomorrow? A. How much B. How old C. How many D. How far 【答案】C 【知识点】How many 询问可数名词数量，How much 询问不可数名词数量 【解析】bottles 是可数名词复数，询问数量应用 How many；How much 用于询问不可数名词的数量；How old 询问年龄；How far 询问距离。 13. My sister has ____ new bicycle and many toys in her small room. A. an B. many C. a few D. a 【答案】D 【知识点】可数名词有单复数形式，可与 a/an、数词、many 搭配 【解析】bicycle 是可数名词单数，以辅音音素开头，应用 a；an 用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词；many 和 a few 修饰可数名词复数。 14. There is only ____ rice in the bowl, so we need to cook more. A. a few B. a little C. many D. a 【答案】B 【知识点】不可数名词无复数形式，常与 much、some、a little 搭配 【解析】rice 是不可数名词，应用 a little 修饰；a few 和 many 修饰可数名词复数；a 不能修饰不可数名词。 15. Do you have ____ questions about the new school project this week? A. some B. a C. any D. an 【答案】C 【知识点】some / any 可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词 【解析】questions 是可数名词复数，a/an 不能修饰复数；本句为一般疑问句，应用 any 表示“一些/任何”；some 常用于肯定句或表示请求、建议的疑问句，此处不适用。 16. ____ apples does your younger brother usually buy at the big supermarket every week? A. How many B. How much C. How often D. What 【答案】A 【知识点】How many 询问可数名词数量，How much 询问不可数名词数量 【解析】正确答案为A. How many。How many用于询问可数名词数量，apples为可数名词复数，故用How many。B. How much用于询问不可数名词数量，不符合；C. How often询问频率，D. What询问事物，均不符合题意。 17. Last Sunday, my little sister counted ____ birds in the tree near our house. A. a B. an C. many D. much 【答案】C 【知识点】可数名词有单复数形式，可与 a/an、数词、many 搭配 【解析】正确答案为C. many。birds为可数名词复数，many修饰可数名词复数，表示“许多”。A. a和B. an用于可数名词单数，不能修饰复数；D. much修饰不可数名词，不符合。 18. After the long walk in the park, there is only ____ water left in my bottle. A. many B. much C. a few D. a little 【答案】D 【知识点】不可数名词无复数形式，常与 much、some、a little 搭配 【解析】正确答案为D. a little。water为不可数名词，a little修饰不可数名词，表示“一点”。A. many修饰可数名词复数；B. much虽可修饰不可数名词，但通常用于否定句或疑问句，且与only连用较少；C. a few修饰可数名词复数。 19. Do you have ____ tomatoes in the fridge? I want to make a salad. A. some B. any C. many D. much 【答案】B 【知识点】some / any 可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词 【解析】正确答案为B. any。any用于一般疑问句和否定句，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。A. some通常用于肯定句；C. many虽然可修饰可数名词复数，但疑问句中询问“是否有”时常用any；D. much修饰不可数名词，tomatoes为可数复数，不符合。 20. ____ milk does your mother usually put in her coffee every morning before work? A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How long 【答案】B 【知识点】How many 询问可数名词数量，How much 询问不可数名词数量 【解析】正确答案为B. How much。How much用于询问不可数名词数量，milk为不可数名词，故用How much。A. How many询问可数名词数量，不符合；C. How often询问频率；D. How long询问时间长度或物体长度，均不符合题意。 四、语法选择（共10分） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Living a healthy life is important to me. I am Tom, a student from Shanghai. I like vegetables and fruit. My father and I often cook together. Today, we want to make some vegetable soup. We need some 1 and potatoes. Do we have 2 milk at home? No, we don't. We need to buy 3 onion and some chicken. We go to the supermarket 4 the afternoon. 5 many people in the supermarket. The vegetables 6 fresh, so we buy some tomatoes and potatoes. We also buy some fruit for dessert. My father buys some chicken 7 some fish. He 8 the food in the kitchen after we get home. 9 are my favourite vegetables. There is some 10 in the bag too. We will enjoy a delicious dinner together. My father is happy, too. I hope we can cook again next weekend. 1．A．tomato B．tomatoes C．a tomato D．an tomato 2．A．some B．any C．a D．many 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．in B．on C．at D．from 5．A．There is B．There are C．There have D．There has 6．A．is B．are C．am D．be 7．A．and B．or C．but D．so 8．A．cook B．cooks C．cooking D．cooked 9．A．This B．These C．That D．It 10．A．rice B．rices C．a rice D．an rice 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本篇围绕单元主题设置语法语境，答案与解析对应各小题。 【详解】 空格前有 some，且与 potatoes 并列，需用复数名词；tomato 以 o 结尾，复数加 es，故选 tomatoes。 本句为一般疑问句，milk 为不可数名词，疑问句和否定句中通常用 any，故选 any。 onion 以元音音素 /ʌ/ 开头，泛指“一个洋葱”用不定冠词 an。 介词 in 用于一天中的上午、下午、晚上等时间段；in the afternoon 是固定搭配，故选 in。 people 为复数名词，There be 句型中 be 动词需用 are，构成 There are。 本句为主系表结构，主语为复数名词 the vegetables，连系动词 be 要用 are，表示蔬菜新鲜。 本句列举两种购买的食物，需用并列连词 and 表示并列关系，故选 and。 主语 He 为第三人称单数，一般现在时中谓语动词加 s，故选 cooks。 空格后是 are 和复数名词 vegetables，需用复数指示代词 these，故选 These。 rice 为不可数名词，不能用复数或不定冠词，some rice 表示“一些米饭”，故选 rice。 第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $One, listening comprehension, 听力理解。Hey, listen to the passage and complete the following sentences. My name is Peter. I like talking about food in my kitchen, there are some apples and three oranges on the table, my motherboard, a carton of milk and a loaf bread. Every morning, SHE says, fruit and vegetables are good for us. My father likes rice and fish for dinner, he often adds a little salt to the fish. My sister Helen loves chicken and ships, but he does not like noodles. SHE drinks a glass of orange juice. After meals, I eat an egg and the bowl of cereal for breakfast. There is not much sugar in our food. We need some oil and a bag of rice for cooking. On sundays, we make a big vegetable salad. We need two tomatoes, a cucumber and some letters. My brother wants three strawberry in the salad. I love this salad because IT is fresh and healthy. Food gives us energy every day. My name is Peter. I like talking about food. In my kitchen, there are some apples and three oranges on the table, my motherboard, a carton of milk and a loaf bread. Every morning, SHE says, fruit and vegetables are good for us. My father likes rice and fish for dinner. He often adds a little salt to the fish. My sister Helen loves chicken and ships, but he does not like noodles. SHE drinks a glass of orange juice after meals. I eat an egg and the bowl of cereal for breakfast. There is not much sugar in our food. We need some oil and a bag of rice for cooking. On sundays, we make a big vegetable salad. We need two tomatoes, es a cucumber and some letters. My brother wants three strawberries is in the salad. I love this salad because IT is fresh and healthy food gives us energy every day. This is the end of the listening comprehension. 听力部分到此结束。