Unit 4 Natural Disasters 核心词汇精讲精练 导学案 -2027届高三英语一轮复习人教版必修第一册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了人教版必修一Unit 4核心词汇，围绕词汇的音标、核心含义、同根词及高频搭配构建知识体系，通过问题导向的即学即练任务，引导学生自主完成词汇义项辨析、搭配运用及语法填空等梳理，形成结构化词汇网络。 亮点在于融合语言能力与学习能力培养，每个词汇配备语法填空和中译英自测题，学生可通过即时练习诊断薄弱点，结合同根词拓展和高频搭配归纳提升词汇运用能力。教师可依据学生练习反馈实施精准指导，助力个性化复习，有效培养自主学习习惯。

人教版必修一核心词汇精讲精练教师版 Unit 4 1. disaster 音标 英式 /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ 美式/dɪˈzæstər/ 核心含义 n. 灾难；灾害（课本核心义） The earthquake was one of the worst natural disasters in history. 同根词 disastrous adj. 灾难性的 disastrously adv. 灾难性地 高频搭配 natural disasters 自然灾害 disaster relief 救灾 a disaster area 灾区 即学即练 语法填空 The flood was one of the worst natural ______ (disaster) in the area's history. — disasters The earthquake caused a terrible ______ (disastrous) in the city. — disaster 中译英 这次地震是历史上最严重的自然灾害之一。 The earthquake was one of the worst natural disasters in history. 2. tornado 音标 英式 /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ 美式/tɔːˈneɪdoʊ/ 核心含义 n. 龙卷风；旋风（课本核心义） The tornado destroyed dozens of houses in minutes. 高频搭配 a tornado hits/strikes 龙卷风袭击 tornado warnings 龙卷风警报 即学即练 语法填空 The tornado destroyed dozens ______ houses in a few minutes.of Residents were warned ______ the coming tornado.of 中译英 村民们提前收到了龙卷风警报。 The villagers received tornado warnings in advance. 3. drought 音标 英式 /draʊt/ 美式/draʊt/ 核心含义 n. 旱灾；久旱（课本核心义） The drought killed most of the crops in the region. 高频搭配 a severe drought 严重旱灾 suffer from drought 遭受旱灾 fight against drought 抗旱 即学即练 语法填空 The region has suffered ______ a severe drought for two years.from The drought caused crops ______ (fail) in many areas. — to fail 中译英 这个地区已经连续两年遭受严重旱灾。 The region has suffered from a severe drought for two years in a row. 4. landslide 音标 英式 /ˈlændslaɪd/ 美式/ˈlændslaɪd/ 核心含义 n.（山地或悬崖的）崩塌；滑坡（课本核心义） Heavy rains caused a landslide that blocked the road. 同根词 land n. 陆地 slide vi. 滑动 高频搭配 cause a landslide 引发山体滑坡 be buried in a landslide 被埋在滑坡中 即学即练 语法填空 The heavy rain caused a landslide ______ blocked the mountain road.which/that Five workers were buried ______ the landslide.in 中译英 大雨引发的山体滑坡阻断了公路。 Heavy rains caused a landslide that blocked the road. 5. slide 音标 英式 /slaɪd/ 美式/slaɪd/ 核心含义 vi. & vt.（使）滑行；滑动（课本核心义） The children were sliding on the ice. n. 滑梯（拓展义） The little boy is playing on the slide. 同根词 slippery adj. 滑的 高频搭配 slide into... 悄悄溜进…… slide down 滑下 即学即练 语法填空 The boys love ______ (slide) on the ice in winter. — sliding He slid the letter ______ his pocket before anyone noticed it.into She prepared 20 ______ (slide) for her presentation. — slides 中译英 孩子们正在冰上滑行。 The children were sliding on the ice. 6. tsunami 音标 英式 /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ 美式/tsuːˈnɑːmi/ 核心含义 n. 海啸（课本核心义） The tsunami struck the coast without warning. 高频搭配 be struck by a tsunami 遭到海啸袭击 a tsunami warning 海啸警报 tsunami waves 海啸巨浪 即学即练 语法填空 The coastal towns were struck ______ a powerful tsunami.by People living near the coast were moved ______ higher ground. — to 中译英 地震过后立即发布了海啸警报。 A tsunami warning was issued right after the earthquake. 7. flood 音标 英式 /flʌd/ 美式/flʌd/ 核心含义 n. 洪水（课本核心义） The river burst its banks and caused floods. vi. 淹没；大量涌入 vt. 使灌满水（课本核心义） After the concert, people flooded into the streets. 同根词 flooding n. 洪水；泛滥 floodwater n. 洪水 高频搭配 be caught in a flood 遭遇洪水 a flood of... 大量的…… flood in/into... 涌进…… be flooded with... 挤满；充满…… 即学即练 语法填空 After the concert, people flooded ______ the streets.into The office was flooded ______ phone calls after the ad was shown.with 中译英 大雨在多个省份引发了洪水。 The heavy rain caused floods in many provinces. 8. magnitude 音标 英式 /ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/ 美式/ˈmæɡnɪtuːd/ 核心含义 n. 震级（课本核心义） An earthquake of magnitude 7.8 hit the city. n. 重大；巨大（拓展义） They did not realize the magnitude of the problem. 同根词 magnificent adj. 壮丽的（同源词） 高频搭配 an earthquake of magnitude + 数字 ……级地震 of great magnitude 重大的 即学即练 语法填空 An earthquake ______ magnitude 7.8 struck the city at midnight.of We failed to understand the magnitude ______ the problem we faced.of 中译英 午夜时分，一场7.8级地震袭击了这座城市。 An earthquake of magnitude 7.8 struck the city at midnight. 9. rescue 音标 英式 /ˈreskjuː/ 美式/ˈreskjuː/ 核心含义 n. & vt. 营救；救援（课本核心义） Rescue teams worked day and night to find the trapped miners. 同根词 rescuer n. 救援者 rescue n. 营救 高频搭配 come to one's rescue 前来救援 rescue sb from... 从……中救出某人 a rescue team 救援队 carry out a rescue 实施救援 即学即练 语法填空 The firefighters rescued the child ______ the burning house.from When the car broke down, a passer-by came ______ our rescue.to A rescue team was sent ______ (search) for the missing climbers. — to search 中译英 消防队员把孩子从着火的房子里救了出来。 The firefighters rescued the child from the burning house. 10. damage 音标 英式 /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ 美式/ˈdæmɪdʒ/ 核心含义 vt. 损害；破坏（课本核心义） The fire damaged several classrooms in the school. n. 损坏；损失（课本核心义） The storm caused serious damage to the crops. 同根词 damaging adj. 有害的；损害的 高频搭配 do damage to... 对……造成损害 cause/lead to damage 造成损坏 damage one's health/reputation 损害健康/名誉 serious damage 严重损坏 即学即练 语法填空 The storm caused serious damage ______ the crops.to Smoking can do great damage ______ your health.to The palace was badly ______ (damage) in the war. — damaged 中译英 暴风雨对庄稼造成了严重损害。 The storm caused serious damage to the crops. 11. destroy 音标 英式 /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ 美式/dɪˈstrɔɪ/ 核心含义 vt. 摧毁；毁灭（课本核心义） The earthquake destroyed thousands of buildings. 同根词 destruction n. 破坏；毁灭 destructive adj. 破坏性的 高频搭配 be destroyed by... 被……摧毁 destroy one's hope/dream 毁灭希望/梦想 destroy the environment 破坏环境 即学即练 语法填空 The whole village ______ (destroy) by the flood last year. — was destroyed The war destroyed the ______ (happy) of thousands of families. — happiness 中译英 地震摧毁了成千上万座建筑。 The earthquake destroyed thousands of buildings. 12. evacuate 音标 英式 /ɪˈvækjueɪt/ 美式/ɪˈvækjueɪt/ 核心含义 vt. 疏散；撤出 vi. 撤离（课本核心义） The police evacuated the residents from the dangerous area. 同根词 evacuation n. 疏散；撤离 高频搭配 evacuate...from... 从……疏散…… be evacuated to safety 被疏散到安全地带 an evacuation plan 疏散计划 即学即练 语法填空 The residents were evacuated ______ the dangerous area before the typhoon arrived.from Thousands of people ______ (evacuate) to safety after the flood. — were evacuated 中译英 台风来临前，警方把居民从危险区域疏散了出去。 The police evacuated the residents from the dangerous area before the typhoon arrived. 13. helicopter 音标 英式 /ˈhelikɒptə(r)/ 美式/ˈhelɪkɑːptər/ 核心含义 n. 直升机（课本核心义） A rescue helicopter lifted the injured man to hospital. 高频搭配 by helicopter 乘直升机 a rescue helicopter 救援直升机 a helicopter pilot 直升机飞行员 即学即练 语法填空 The injured were taken to hospital ______ helicopter.by A rescue helicopter was sent ______ (search) for the missing boat. — to search 中译英 伤员被直升机送往医院救治。 The injured were taken to hospital by helicopter. 14. death 音标 英式 /deθ/ 美式/deθ/ 核心含义 n. 死；死亡（课本核心义） The earthquake caused many deaths and injuries. 同根词 die v. 死 dead adj. 死的 deadly adj. 致命的 高频搭配 die of/from... 死于…… the death rate 死亡率 即学即练 语法填空 His ______ (die) was a great loss to the whole country. — death The writer died ______ cancer at the age of 68.of The number of ______ (die) in the accident is still unknown. — deaths 中译英 他的去世是整个国家的巨大损失。 His death was a great loss to the whole country. 15. affect 音标 英式 /əˈfekt/ 美式/əˈfekt/ 核心含义 vt. 影响（课本核心义） The change of climate affects the growth of crops. vt.（疾病）侵袭（课本义） He was affected by a high fever and had to stay in bed. 同根词 effect n. 影响；效果 affection n. 喜爱 affecting adj. 感人的 高频搭配 be affected by... 受到……影响 affect one's health 影响健康 affect the environment 影响环境 be deeply affected 深受感动 即学即练 语法填空 The heavy rain affected the ______ (grow) of the crops. — growth We were deeply ______ (affect) by the soldiers' bravery. — affected 中译英 气候变化影响庄稼的生长。 The change of climate affects the growth of crops. 16. shelter 音标 英式 /ˈʃeltə(r)/ 美式/ˈʃeltər/ 核心含义 n. 避难处；居所；庇护（课本核心义） The villagers took shelter in the school during the storm. vt. 保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避（课本义） The wall sheltered us from the wind. 同根词 sheltered adj. 遮蔽的；受庇护的 高频搭配 take shelter from... 躲避…… shelter...from... 保护……免受…… a bomb shelter 防空洞 即学即练 语法填空 The villagers took shelter ______ the storm in the school hall.from They found shelter ______ a cave for the night. — in 中译英 暴风雨期间，村民们在学校里躲避。 The villagers took shelter in the school during the storm. 17. crack 音标 英式 /kræk/ 美式/kræk/ 核心含义 n. 裂纹；裂缝（课本核心义） There is a crack in the wall of the old house. vi. & vt.（使）破裂（课本核心义） The ice cracked as the boy stepped on it. 同根词 cracked adj. 有裂纹的 cracker n. 薄脆饼干；爆竹 高频搭配 a crack in... ……上的裂缝 crack down on... 严厉打击…… at the crack of dawn 黎明时分 即学即练 语法填空 The government decided to crack ______ on drunk driving.down There is a crack ______ the wall of the old house.in 中译英 政府决定严厉打击醉酒驾驶。 The government decided to crack down on drunk driving. 18. gas 音标 英式 /ɡæs/ 美式/ɡæs/ 核心含义 n. 气体；燃料；汽油（课本核心义） Hot gases escaped from the broken pipe. 同根词 gaseous adj. 气态的 高频搭配 natural gas 天然气 a gas stove 燃气灶 step on the gas 踩油门；加快速度 poisonous gas 毒气 即学即练 语法填空 Natural gas is widely used ______ cooking and heating.for The accident was caused ______ a gas leak in the kitchen.by 中译英 这起事故是由厨房燃气泄漏引起的。 The accident was caused by a gas leak in the kitchen. 19. ruin 音标 英式 /ˈruɪn/ 美式/ˈruɪn/ 核心含义 n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏（课本核心义） The rain ruined our plan for a picnic. n. [pl.] 废墟；遗迹（高考阅读义） Tourists walked among the ruins of the ancient city. 同根词 ruined adj. 毁坏的 ruinous adj. 破坏性的 高频搭配 in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 ruin one's plan/hope 毁了某人的计划/希望 the ruins of... ……的废墟 即学即练 语法填空 The heavy rain ruined our plan ______ a picnic.for The ancient temple now lies ______ ruins, attracting many visitors. — in 中译英 战争过后，整座城市成为废墟。 After the war, the whole city lay in ruins. 游客们漫步在这座古城的废墟之间。 Tourists walked among the ruins of the ancient city. 20. percent 音标 英式 /pəˈsent/ 美式/pərˈsent/ 核心含义 n. 百分之……（课本核心义） Ninety percent of the students passed the exam. 同根词 percentage n. 百分比；百分率 高频搭配 数字 + percent of... ……的百分之几 a high/low percentage 高/低百分比 the percentage of... ……的百分比 即学即练 语法填空 Sixty percent of the land ______ (be) covered by forests. — is Ninety percent of the students ______ (be) satisfied with the service. — are 中译英 这片土地的百分之六十被森林覆盖。 Sixty percent of the land is covered by forests. 21. brick 音标 英式 /brɪk/ 美式/brɪk/ 核心含义 n. 砖；砖块（课本核心义） The old house was built of red bricks. 同根词 bricklayer n. 砌砖工 高频搭配 be made of bricks 用砖砌成 a brick wall 砖墙 lay bricks 砌砖 即学即练 语法填空 The old house ______ (build) of red bricks over 100 years ago. — was built Workers are laying bricks ______ the new school building.for 中译英 工人们正在为新教学楼砌砖。 Workers are laying bricks for the new school building. 22. metal 音标 英式 /ˈmetl/ 美式/ˈmetl/ 核心含义 n. 金属（课本核心义） The box is made of metal, so it is very strong. 同根词 metallic adj. 金属的 高频搭配 a metal box 金属盒 precious metals 珍贵的金属 heavy metal 重金属音乐 即学即练 语法填空 The bridge ______ (make) of metal can last for 100 years. — made Gold and silver are precious ______ (metal). — metals The box is made ______ metal, so it's very strong. — of 中译英 这个盒子是金属做的，非常结实。 The box is made of metal, so it is very strong. 23. shock 音标 英式 /ʃɒk/ 美式/ʃɑːk/ 核心含义 n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克（课本核心义） The news of his death came as a great shock to us. vt.（使）震惊（课本义） We were shocked by the terrible scenes in the film. 同根词 shocking adj. 令人震惊的 shocked adj. 感到震惊的 高频搭配 be in shock 震惊；处于休克状态 come as a shock to sb 令某人大为震惊 be shocked at/by... 对……感到震惊 即学即练 语法填空 We were shocked ______ the news of the accident.at/by She was in a state ______ shock after the earthquake. — of 中译英 他去世的消息令我们大为震惊。 The news of his death came as a great shock to us. 24. electricity 音标 英式 /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ 美式/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ 核心含义 n. 电；电能（课本核心义） The storm cut off the electricity supply to thousands of homes. 同根词 electric adj. 电动的；用电的 electrical adj. 电的；与电有关的 electronic adj. 电子的 electrician n. 电工 高频搭配 cut off the electricity 切断电源 generate/produce electricity 发电 the electricity supply 电力供应 an electricity bill 电费单 即学即练 语法填空 The storm cut ______ the electricity supply to thousands of homes.off Solar panels can be used ______ (generate) electricity. — to generate The power station supplies electricity ______ the whole city. — to 中译英 暴风雨切断了数千户家庭的电力供应。 The storm cut off the electricity supply to thousands of homes. 25. trap 音标 英式 /træp/ 美式/træp/ 核心含义 vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套（课本核心义） Several miners were trapped underground after the accident. n. 险境；陷阱（课本核心义） The hunters set a trap to catch the fox. 同根词 trapped adj. 被困的 高频搭配 be trapped in... 被困在……中 trap sb into doing sth 诱骗某人做某事 set a trap 设陷阱 fall into a trap 落入圈套 即学即练 语法填空 Several miners were trapped ______ after the accident.underground Don't fall ______ the trap of buying things you don't need.into 中译英 事故发生后，几名矿工被困在地下。 Several miners were trapped underground after the accident. 26. bury 音标 英式 /ˈberi/ 美式/ˈberi/ 核心含义 vt. 埋葬；安葬（课本核心义） The soldiers were buried with full military honours. 同根词 burial n. 埋葬；葬礼 高频搭配 be buried in... 埋头于……；深陷于…… bury oneself in... 专心于…… 即学即练 语法填空 ______ (bury) in his book, he didn't hear the doorbell. — Buried She buried ______ in work to forget her sadness. — herself 中译英 她埋头工作以忘却悲伤。 She buried herself in work to forget her sadness. 27. breathe 音标 英式 /briːð/ 美式/briːð/ 核心含义 vi. & vt. 呼吸（课本核心义） It's good for your health to breathe fresh air in the morning. 同根词 breath n. 呼吸 breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的 breathtaking adj. 激动人心的；惊人的 高频搭配 breathe deeply 深呼吸 breathe in/out 吸入/呼出 out of breath 上气不接下气 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 take a deep breath 深吸一口气 即学即练 语法填空 After running up the stairs, she was out ______ breath.of We held our ______ (breathe) as the winner was announced. — breath 中译英 早晨呼吸新鲜空气对健康有好处。 It's good for your health to breathe fresh air in the morning. 跑上楼梯后，她上气不接下气。 After running up the stairs, she was out of breath. 28. revive 音标 英式 /rɪˈvaɪv/ 美式/rɪˈvaɪv/ 核心含义 vt. & vi. 复活；（使）苏醒（课本核心义） The doctors tried every means to revive the patient. vt. 使复兴；使复苏（拓展义） The old street has been revived by the new cafes. 同根词 revival n. 振兴；复苏 survive vi. 幸存（同含 viv- 词根） 高频搭配 revive the economy 振兴经济 revive one's hopes/memories 重新燃起希望/唤起记忆 即学即练 语法填空 The doctors tried their best ______ (revive) the patient. — to revive The old customs have been ______ (revive) in recent years. — revived 中译英 医生们想尽一切办法使病人苏醒过来。 The doctors tried every means to revive the patient. 新咖啡馆使这条老街重新焕发了生机。 The old street has been revived by the new cafes. 29. revival 音标 英式 /rɪˈvaɪvl/ 美式/rɪˈvaɪvl/ 核心含义 n. 振兴；复苏（课本核心义） The city is experiencing an economic revival. 同根词 revive v. 复活；（使）苏醒 survival n. 生存；幸存（形近词） 高频搭配 an economic revival 经济复苏 a revival of... ……的复兴 a cultural revival 文化复兴 即学即练 语法填空 The city is experiencing an economic ______ (revive). — revival There has been a revival ______ interest in traditional culture.of 中译英 近年来人们对传统文化重新产生了兴趣。 In recent years there has been a revival of interest in traditional culture. 30. effort 音标 英式 /ˈefət/ 美式/ˈefərt/ 核心含义 n. 努力； She made a great effort to control her anger. 同根词 effortless adj. 不费力的 effortlessly adv. 轻松地 高频搭配 make an effort/efforts to do sth 努力做某事 spare no effort (to do sth) 不遗余力 without effort 毫不费力 即学即练 语法填空 She made a great effort ______ (control) her anger. — to control The doctors spared no effort ______ (save) the boy's life. — to save He passed the exam ______ effort because he was well prepared. — without 中译英 医生们不遗余力地抢救孩子的生命。 The doctors spared no effort to save the boy's life. 因为准备充分，他毫不费力地通过了考试。 He passed the exam without effort because he was well prepared. 31. unify 音标 英式 /ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/ 美式/ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/ 核心含义 vi. & vt. 统一；（使）成一体（课本核心义） The country was unified in 1990 after years of division. 同根词 unity n. 团结；统一 union n. 联盟；工会 united adj. 联合的；团结的 uniform n. 制服（同根词） 高频搭配 unify the country 统一国家 a unified system 统一的体系 unify...into... 把……统一成…… 即学即练 语法填空 The country ______ (unify) in 1990 after years of division. — was unified A unified ______ (educate) system was established across the country. — educational 中译英 经过多年分裂，这个国家于1990年实现了统一。 The country was unified in 1990 after years of division. 32. wisdom 音标 英式 /ˈwɪzdəm/ 美式/ˈwɪzdəm/ 核心含义 n. 智慧；才智（课本核心义） The old man shared his wisdom with the young people. 同根词 wise adj. 明智的；聪明的 wisely adv. 明智地 高频搭配 the wisdom of... ……的智慧 wise choice/decision 明智的选择/决定 即学即练 语法填空 Confucius' ______ (wise) still influences us today. — wisdom It was wise ______ you to refuse his offer.of She acted ______ (wise) by leaving before the quarrel began. — wisely 中译英 你拒绝他的提议是明智的。 It was wise of you to refuse his offer. 33. context 音标 英式 /ˈkɒntekst/ 美式/ˈkɑːntekst/ 核心含义 n. 上下文；语境（课本核心义） You can guess the meaning of the word from its context. n. 背景（高考阅读义） These events must be seen in their historical context. 同根词 text n. 文本 textual adj. 文本的 高频搭配 in context 在上下文中 in the context of... 在……的背景下 即学即练 语法填空 We can guess the meaning of the word ______ its context.from This poem should be read ______ its historical context. — in 中译英 你可以根据上下文猜出这个词的意思。 You can guess the meaning of the word from its context. 34. suffer 音标 英式 /ˈsʌfə/ 美式/ˈsʌfər/ 核心含义 vi. 遭受；蒙受（课本核心义） The city suffered greatly in the flood. vt.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦（课本义） He suffered a lot of pain after the operation. 同根词 suffering n. 苦难；痛苦 sufferer n. 患病者；受苦者 高频搭配 suffer from... 患……病；受……之苦 suffer losses/damage 遭受损失/破坏 suffer pain 遭受痛苦 即学即练 语法填空 He suffered ______ a bad cold and had to stay in bed.from The company suffered huge ______ (lose) in the economic crisis. — losses 中译英 这家公司在经济危机中损失惨重。 The company suffered huge losses in the economic crisis. 35. volcano 音标 英式 /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ 美式/vɑːlˈkeɪnoʊ/ 核心含义 n. 火山（课本核心义） The volcano erupted for the first time in 100 years. 同根词 volcanic adj. 火山的 高频搭配 an active/extinct volcano 活火山/死火山 erupt from a volcano 从火山喷发 volcanic ash 火山灰 即学即练 语法填空 The volcano ______ (erupt) for the first time in 100 years. — erupted The village lies at the foot ______ an active volcano.of Cities nearby were covered ______ volcanic ash. — with 中译英 这座火山一百年来首次喷发。 The volcano erupted for the first time in 100 years. 36. erupt 音标 英式 /ɪˈrʌpt/ 美式/ɪˈrʌpt/ 核心含义 vi. & vt.（火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出（课本核心义） Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE and buried the city. vi.（战争、争吵等）爆发；突然发生（拓展义） The audience erupted into cheers at the end of the song. 同根词 eruption n. 喷发；爆发 interrupt v. 打断（形近词） 高频搭配 erupt into laughter/cheers 突然爆发出笑声/欢呼声 erupt with anger 勃然大怒 即学即练 语法填空 The audience erupted ______ cheers at the end of the performance.into ______ (erupt) in 79 CE, the volcano buried the whole city. — Erupting 中译英 演出结束时观众爆发出欢呼声。 The audience erupted into cheers at the end of the performance. 37. supply 音标 英式 /səˈplaɪ/ 美式/səˈplaɪ/ 核心含义 n. 供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品（课本核心义） Medical supplies were sent to the earthquake zone at once. vt. 供应；供给（课本核心义） The company supplies free meals to its employees. 同根词 supplier n. 供应商 supplies n. 补给品 高频搭配 supply sth to sb 把某物供应给某人 supply sb with sth 向某人提供某物 in short supply 供应不足 medical supplies 医疗物资 即学即练 语法填空 The factory supplies parts ______ car companies all over the country.to Medical supplies were sent ______ the earthquake zone at once.to 中译英 医疗物资被立即送往地震灾区。 Medical supplies were sent to the earthquake zone at once. 这家公司向全国的汽车公司供应零部件。 The factory supplies parts to car companies all over the country. 38. typhoon 音标 英式 /taɪˈfuːn/ 美式/taɪˈfuːn/ 核心含义 n. 台风（课本核心义） The typhoon knocked down trees and power lines. 同根词 无 高频搭配 be hit by a typhoon 遭到台风袭击 a typhoon warning 台风警报 a powerful typhoon 强台风 即学即练 语法填空 All flights were cancelled ______ of the typhoon.because A red typhoon warning was issued, ______ schools were closed. — so 中译英 台风刮倒了城里的数百棵树。 The typhoon knocked down hundreds of trees in the city. 39. hurricane 音标 英式 /ˈhʌrɪkən/ 美式/ˈhɜːrɪkən/ 核心含义 n.（尤指大西洋的）飓风（课本核心义） The hurricane destroyed hundreds of homes along the coast. 高频搭配 hurricane-force winds 飓风级大风 a hurricane hits/strikes 飓风袭击 survive a hurricane 在飓风中幸存 即学即练 语法填空 The hurricane destroyed hundreds ______ homes along the coast.of It took the city years to recover ______ the hurricane. — from 中译英 这座城市花了很多年才从飓风的打击中恢复过来。 It took the city years to recover from the hurricane. 40. survive 音标 英式 /səˈvaɪv/ 美式/sərˈvaɪv/ 核心含义 vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过（课本核心义） The old man survived the earthquake without any injuries. 同根词 survival n. 生存；幸存 survivor n. 幸存者 高频搭配 survive the earthquake/war 在地震/战争中幸存 survive on... 靠……生存 survive sb by + 时间 比某人多活…… 即学即练 语法填空 Camels can survive ______ little water in the desert.on She survived her husband ______ ten years. — by 中译英 这位老人在地震中幸免于难，没有受伤。 The old man survived the earthquake without any injuries. 骆驼可以在沙漠中靠很少的水生存。 Camels can survive on very little water in the desert. 41. power 音标 英式 /ˈpaʊə(r)/ 美式/ˈpaʊər/ 核心含义 n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力（课本核心义） The storm cut off power to the whole town. n. 权力；政权（拓展义） The party came into power two years ago. 同根词 powerful adj. 强大的 powerless adj. 无力的 empower vt. 授权；赋能 高频搭配 come into power 上台执政 in power 执政 a power cut/failure 停电 即学即练 语法填空 The storm cut ______ power to the whole town.off The new government came ______ power last year.into 中译英 暴风雨切断了全镇的电力供应。 The storm cut off power to the whole town. 42. tap 音标 英式 /tæp/ 美式/tæp/ 核心含义 vi. & vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍（课本核心义） Someone tapped me on the shoulder from behind. n. 水龙头；轻叩（课本义） Remember to turn off the tap after washing your hands. 同根词 tapping n. 轻叩 高频搭配 tap sb on the shoulder 轻拍某人的肩膀 turn on/off the tap 打开/关上水龙头 tap water 自来水 即学即练 语法填空 Someone tapped me ______ the shoulder from behind.on Please turn ______ the tap while brushing your teeth.off 中译英 有人从后面轻轻拍了拍我的肩膀。 Someone tapped me on the shoulder from behind. 43. pipe 音标 英式 /paɪp/ 美式/paɪp/ 核心含义 n. 管子；管道（课本核心义） A water pipe burst and flooded the kitchen. 同根词 piping n. 管道系统 高频搭配 water/gas pipes 水管/煤气管 a burst pipe 爆裂的管道 即学即练 语法填空 A water pipe burst and flooded ______ kitchen.the The workers are laying pipes ______ the new houses. — for 中译英 老楼里的煤气管需要修理。 The gas pipes in the old building need repairing. 44. whistle 音标 英式 /ˈwɪsl/ 美式/ˈwɪsl/ 核心含义 vi. 吹口哨；发出笛声 vt. 吹口哨（课本核心义） He whistled happily as he walked home. n. 哨子（声）；呼啸声（课本义） The referee blew his whistle to end the match. 同根词 whistling n. 吹口哨 whistle n. 哨子 高频搭配 whistle a tune 用口哨吹曲子 a police whistle 警笛 即学即练 语法填空 The wind whistled ______ the trees all night.through 中译英 风整夜在树林间呼啸。 The wind whistled through the trees all night. 45. emergency 音标 英式 /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ 美式/ɪˈmɜːrdʒənsi/ 核心含义 n. 突发事件；紧急情况（课本核心义） In case of emergency, dial 110 for help. 同根词 emerge vi. 出现；浮现 emergence n. 出现（形近词） 高频搭配 in case of emergency 万一发生紧急情况 an emergency exit 紧急出口 emergency services 应急部门 an emergency meeting 紧急会议 即学即练 语法填空 ______ case of emergency, dial 110 for help. — In Please leave the building ______ the emergency exit.through/by An ______ (emerge) meeting was held right after the flood. — emergency 中译英 发生火灾时请从紧急出口撤离。 In case of fire, please leave the building through the emergency exit. 46. calm 音标 英式 /kɑːm/ 美式/kɑːm/ 核心含义 adj. 镇静的；沉着的（课本核心义） Try to stay calm and think clearly in an emergency. vt. 使平静；使镇静（课本义） She calmed the frightened child with gentle words. 高考熟词生义：adj.（海面、天气）平静的；（颜色）给人恬静感的，拓展义 同根词 calmly adv. 镇静地 calmness n. 平静；镇静 高频搭配 stay/keep calm 保持镇静 calm down 平静下来 calm sb down 使某人平静下来 即学即练 语法填空 She calmed the frightened child ______ with gentle words. — down ______ (calm), he worked out the answer in a minute. — Calmly 中译英 她用温柔的话语让受惊的孩子平静下来。 She calmed the frightened child down with gentle words. 47. aid 音标 英式 /eɪd/ 美式/eɪd/ 核心含义 n. 援助；帮助；救援物资（课本核心义） The country sent aid to the flood-stricken areas. vi. & vt. 帮助；援助（课本义） Computers can aid students in their studies. 高频搭配 first aid 急救 come to one's aid 前来帮助某人 aid sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事 即学即练 语法填空 Everyone should learn some basic knowledge ______ first aid.of When I was in trouble, my friends came ______ my aid.to 中译英 每个人都应该学一些基本的急救知识。 Everyone should learn some basic knowledge of first aid. 48. kit 音标 英式 /kɪt/ 美式/kɪt/ 核心含义 n. 成套工具；成套设备（课本核心义） Every family should keep a first aid kit at home. 高频搭配 a first aid kit 急救箱 a survival kit 救生包 a repair kit 修理工具包 即学即练 语法填空 Every family should keep a first aid kit ______ home.at The climbers carried a ______ (survive) kit in case of accidents. — survival 中译英 登山者随身携带救生包以防意外。 The climbers carried a survival kit in case of accidents. 49. crash 音标 英式 /kræʃ/ 美式/kræʃ/ 核心含义 vt. & vi. 碰撞；撞击（课本核心义） The car crashed into a tree by the side of the road. n. 撞车；碰撞（课本义） Three people were injured in the car crash. 高频搭配 crash into... 撞上…… a car/plane crash 车祸/坠机 a plane crash 飞机失事 即学即练 语法填空 The car crashed ______ a tree by the side of the road.into Three people were injured ______ the car crash.in 中译英 三人在这次车祸中受伤。 Three people were injured in the car crash. 50. sweep 音标 英式 /swiːp/ 美式/swiːp/ 核心含义 vt. & vi. 打扫；清扫（课本核心义） She swept the fallen leaves off the path. 同根词 sweeper n. 清洁工 sweeping adj. 影响广泛的；笼统的 高频搭配 sweep away 消灭；彻底清除 sweep the floor 扫地 sweep across/through... 席卷…… 即学即练 语法填空 The flood swept ______ the whole village within hours.through/away The new fashion swept ______ the whole country. — across 中译英 几个小时之内洪水就冲毁了整个村庄。 The flood swept through the whole village within hours. 51. wave 音标 英式 /weɪv/ 美式/weɪv/ 核心含义 n. 海浪；波浪（课本核心义） The waves crashed against the rocks. vi. & vt. 挥手；招手（课本核心义） She waved goodbye to her parents at the station. 高频搭配 wave to/at sb 向某人挥手 a wave of... 一阵……；一波…… heat waves 热浪 即学即练 语法填空 She waved goodbye ______ her parents at the station.to A wave ______ fear swept over the crowd.of 中译英 她在车站向父母挥手告别。 She waved goodbye to her parents at the station. 52. strike 音标 英式 /straɪk/ 美式/straɪk/ 核心含义 vi. & vt. 侵袭；突击；击打（课本核心义） The earthquake struck the city at about 3 a.m. n. 罢工；罢课（课本义） The workers went on strike for higher pay. 同根词 striking adj. 惊人的；显著的 strikingly adv. 显著地 高频搭配 be struck by... 被……打动；遭……袭击 It strikes sb that... 某人突然想到…… go on strike 举行罢工 即学即练 语法填空 It suddenly struck me ______ we could ask Jack for help.that ______ (strike) by her beauty, the painter asked to draw her portrait. — Struck 中译英 地震于凌晨三点左右袭击了这座城市。 The earthquake struck the city at about 3 a.m. 工人们为提高工资举行了罢工。 The workers went on strike for higher pay. 53. deliver 音标 英式 /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ 美式/dɪˈlɪvər/ 核心含义 vt. & vi. 递送；传达（课本核心义） The postman delivers letters to our village twice a week. vt. 发表（演讲）（拓展义） The professor delivered a wonderful speech on climate change. 同根词 delivery n. 递送；分娩 高频搭配 deliver sth to sb 把某物送给某人 deliver a speech/lecture 发表演讲 即学即练 语法填空 The professor delivered a wonderful speech ______ climate change.on The postman delivers letters ______ our village twice a week.to 中译英 教授就气候变化发表了一场精彩的演讲。 The professor delivered a wonderful speech on climate change. 邮递员每周两次把信送到我们村。 The postman delivers letters to our village twice a week. 54. summary 音标 英式 /ˈsʌməri/ 美式/ˈsʌməri/ 核心含义 n. 总结；概括；概要（课本核心义） Write a summary of the text in no more than 100 words. 同根词 summarize vt. 总结；概括 高频搭配 in summary 总之 a summary of... ……的概要 make a summary 作总结 即学即练 语法填空 Please write a summary ______ the text in about 100 words.of ______ summary, the report calls for immediate action. — In At the end of the meeting, the chairman ______ (summarize) the main points. — summarized 中译英 总之，报告呼吁立即采取行动。 In summary, the report calls for immediate action. 55. effect 音标 英式 /ɪˈfekt/ 美式/ɪˈfekt/ 核心含义 n. 影响；结果；效果（课本核心义） The medicine had an immediate effect on the patient. 同根词 effective adj. 有效的 effectively adv. 有效地 affect vt. 影响（动词形式） 高频搭配 have an effect on... 对……有影响 take effect 见效；生效 come into effect 开始生效 in effect 实际上；生效中 即学即练 语法填空 The medicine had an immediate effect ______ the patient.on The new law will come ______ effect next month.into 中译英 新法律下个月开始生效。 The new law will come into effect next month. 56.length 音标 英式 /leŋθ/ 美式/leŋθ/ 核心含义 n. 长；长度（课本核心义） The length of the bridge is about 2,000 metres. 同根词 long adj. 长的 lengthen vt. 加长 lengthy adj. 冗长的 高频搭配 at length 详细地；最终 the length of... ……的长度 即学即练 语法填空 The bridge is about 2,000 metres ______ length.in He explained the plan ______ length at the meeting.at 中译英 他在会上详细地解释了这个计划。 He explained the plan at length at the meeting. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版必修一核心词汇精讲精练学生版 Unit 4 1. disaster 音标 英式 /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ 美式/dɪˈzæstər/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The earthquake was one of the worst natural disasters in history. 同根词 adj. 灾难性的 adv. 灾难性地 高频搭配  自然灾害  救灾  灾区 即学即练 语法填空 The flood was one of the worst natural ______ (disaster) in the area's history. The earthquake caused a terrible ______ (disastrous) in the city. 中译英 这次地震是历史上最严重的自然灾害之一。 2. tornado 音标 英式 /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ 美式/tɔːˈneɪdoʊ/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The tornado destroyed dozens of houses in minutes. 高频搭配  龙卷风袭击  龙卷风警报 即学即练 语法填空 The tornado destroyed dozens ______ houses in a few minutes. Residents were warned ______ the coming tornado. 中译英 村民们提前收到了龙卷风警报。 3. drought 音标 英式 /draʊt/ 美式/draʊt/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The drought killed most of the crops in the region. 高频搭配  严重旱灾  遭受旱灾  抗旱 即学即练 语法填空 The region has suffered ______ a severe drought for two years. The drought caused crops ______ (fail) in many areas. 中译英 这个地区已经连续两年遭受严重旱灾。 4. landslide 音标 英式 /ˈlændslaɪd/ 美式/ˈlændslaɪd/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） Heavy rains caused a landslide that blocked the road. 同根词 n. 陆地 vi. 滑动 高频搭配  引发山体滑坡  被埋在滑坡中 即学即练 语法填空 The heavy rain caused a landslide ______ blocked the mountain road. Five workers were buried ______ the landslide. 中译英 大雨引发的山体滑坡阻断了公路。 5. slide 音标 英式 /slaɪd/ 美式/slaɪd/ 核心含义 vi. & vt. （课本核心义） The children were sliding on the ice. n. （拓展义） The little boy is playing on the slide. 同根词 adj. 滑的 高频搭配  悄悄溜进……  滑下 即学即练 语法填空 The boys love ______ (slide) on the ice in winter. He slid the letter ______ his pocket before anyone noticed it. She prepared 20 ______ (slide) for her presentation. 中译英 孩子们正在冰上滑行。 6. tsunami 音标 英式 /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ 美式/tsuːˈnɑːmi/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The tsunami struck the coast without warning. 高频搭配  遭到海啸袭击  海啸警报  海啸巨浪 即学即练 语法填空 The coastal towns were struck ______ a powerful tsunami. People living near the coast were moved ______ higher ground. 中译英 地震过后立即发布了海啸警报。 7. flood 音标 英式 /flʌd/ 美式/flʌd/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The river burst its banks and caused floods. vi. （课本核心义） After the concert, people flooded into the streets. 同根词 n. 洪水；泛滥 n. 洪水 高频搭配  遭遇洪水  大量的……  涌进……  挤满；充满…… 即学即练 语法填空 After the concert, people flooded ______ the streets. The office was flooded ______ phone calls after the ad was shown. 中译英 大雨在多个省份引发了洪水。 8. magnitude 音标 英式 /ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/ 美式/ˈmæɡnɪtuːd/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） An earthquake of magnitude 7.8 hit the city. n. （拓展义） They did not realize the magnitude of the problem. 同根词 adj. 壮丽的（同源词） 高频搭配  ……级地震  重大的 即学即练 语法填空 An earthquake ______ magnitude 7.8 struck the city at midnight. We failed to understand the magnitude ______ the problem we faced. 中译英 午夜时分，一场7.8级地震袭击了这座城市。 9. rescue 音标 英式 /ˈreskjuː/ 美式/ˈreskjuː/ 核心含义 n. & vt. （课本核心义） Rescue teams worked day and night to find the trapped miners. 同根词 n. 救援者 n. 营救 高频搭配  前来救援  从……中救出某人  救援队  实施救援 即学即练 语法填空 The firefighters rescued the child ______ the burning house. When the car broke down, a passer-by came ______ our rescue. A rescue team was sent ______ (search) for the missing climbers. 中译英 消防队员把孩子从着火的房子里救了出来。 10. damage 音标 英式 /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ 美式/ˈdæmɪdʒ/ 核心含义 vt. （课本核心义） The fire damaged several classrooms in the school. n. （课本核心义） The storm caused serious damage to the crops. 同根词 adj. 有害的；损害的 高频搭配  对……造成损害  造成损坏  损害健康/名誉  严重损坏 即学即练 语法填空 The storm caused serious damage ______ the crops. Smoking can do great damage ______ your health. The palace was badly ______ (damage) in the war. 中译英 暴风雨对庄稼造成了严重损害。 11. destroy 音标 英式 /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ 美式/dɪˈstrɔɪ/ 核心含义 vt. （课本核心义） The earthquake destroyed thousands of buildings. 同根词 n. 破坏；毁灭 adj. 破坏性的 高频搭配  被……摧毁  毁灭希望/梦想  破坏环境 即学即练 语法填空 The whole village ______ (destroy) by the flood last year. The war destroyed the ______ (happy) of thousands of families. 中译英 地震摧毁了成千上万座建筑。 12. evacuate 音标 英式 /ɪˈvækjueɪt/ 美式/ɪˈvækjueɪt/ 核心含义 vt. （课本核心义） The police evacuated the residents from the dangerous area. 同根词 n. 疏散；撤离 高频搭配  从……疏散……  被疏散到安全地带  疏散计划 即学即练 语法填空 The residents were evacuated ______ the dangerous area before the typhoon arrived. Thousands of people ______ (evacuate) to safety after the flood. 中译英 台风来临前，警方把居民从危险区域疏散了出去。 13. helicopter 音标 英式 /ˈhelikɒptə(r)/ 美式/ˈhelɪkɑːptər/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） A rescue helicopter lifted the injured man to hospital. 高频搭配  乘直升机  救援直升机  直升机飞行员 即学即练 语法填空 The injured were taken to hospital ______ helicopter. A rescue helicopter was sent ______ (search) for the missing boat. 中译英 伤员被直升机送往医院救治。 14. death 音标 英式 /deθ/ 美式/deθ/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The earthquake caused many deaths and injuries. 同根词 v. 死 adj. 死的 adj. 致命的 高频搭配  死于……  死亡率 即学即练 语法填空 His ______ (die) was a great loss to the whole country. The writer died ______ cancer at the age of 68. The number of ______ (die) in the accident is still unknown. 中译英 他的去世是整个国家的巨大损失。 15. affect 音标 英式 /əˈfekt/ 美式/əˈfekt/ 核心含义 vt. （课本核心义） The change of climate affects the growth of crops. vt. （课本义） He was affected by a high fever and had to stay in bed. 同根词 n. 影响；效果 n. 喜爱 adj. 感人的 高频搭配  受到……影响  影响健康  影响环境  深受感动 即学即练 语法填空 The heavy rain affected the ______ (grow) of the crops. We were deeply ______ (affect) by the soldiers' bravery. 中译英 气候变化影响庄稼的生长。 16. shelter 音标 英式 /ˈʃeltə(r)/ 美式/ˈʃeltər/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The villagers took shelter in the school during the storm. vt. （课本义） The wall sheltered us from the wind. 同根词 adj. 遮蔽的；受庇护的 高频搭配  躲避……  保护……免受……  防空洞 即学即练 语法填空 The villagers took shelter ______ the storm in the school hall. They found shelter ______ a cave for the night. 中译英 暴风雨期间，村民们在学校里躲避。 17. crack 音标 英式 /kræk/ 美式/kræk/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） There is a crack in the wall of the old house. vi. & vt. （课本核心义） The ice cracked as the boy stepped on it. 同根词 adj. 有裂纹的 n. 薄脆饼干；爆竹 高频搭配  ……上的裂缝  严厉打击……  黎明时分 即学即练 语法填空 The government decided to crack ______ on drunk driving. There is a crack ______ the wall of the old house. 中译英 政府决定严厉打击醉酒驾驶。 18. gas 音标 英式 /ɡæs/ 美式/ɡæs/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） Hot gases escaped from the broken pipe. 同根词 adj. 气态的 高频搭配  天然气  燃气灶  踩油门；加快速度  毒气 即学即练 语法填空 Natural gas is widely used ______ cooking and heating. The accident was caused ______ a gas leak in the kitchen. 中译英 这起事故是由厨房燃气泄漏引起的。 19. ruin 音标 英式 /ˈruɪn/ 美式/ˈruɪn/ 核心含义 n. & vt. （课本核心义） The rain ruined our plan for a picnic. n. [pl.] （高考阅读义） Tourists walked among the ruins of the ancient city. 同根词 adj. 毁坏的 adj. 破坏性的 高频搭配  严重受损；破败不堪  毁了某人的计划/希望  ……的废墟 即学即练 语法填空 The heavy rain ruined our plan ______ a picnic. The ancient temple now lies ______ ruins, attracting many visitors. 中译英 战争过后，整座城市成为废墟。 游客们漫步在这座古城的废墟之间。 20. percent 音标 英式 /pəˈsent/ 美式/pərˈsent/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） Ninety percent of the students passed the exam. 同根词 n. 百分比；百分率 高频搭配  ……的百分之几  高/低百分比  ……的百分比 即学即练 语法填空 Sixty percent of the land ______ (be) covered by forests. Ninety percent of the students ______ (be) satisfied with the service. 中译英 这片土地的百分之六十被森林覆盖。 21. brick 音标 英式 /brɪk/ 美式/brɪk/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The old house was built of red bricks. 同根词 n. 砌砖工 高频搭配  用砖砌成  砖墙  砌砖 即学即练 语法填空 The old house ______ (build) of red bricks over 100 years ago. Workers are laying bricks ______ the new school building. 中译英 工人们正在为新教学楼砌砖。 22. metal 音标 英式 /ˈmetl/ 美式/ˈmetl/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The box is made of metal, so it is very strong. 同根词 adj. 金属的 高频搭配  金属盒  珍贵的金属  重金属音乐 即学即练 语法填空 The bridge ______ (make) of metal can last for 100 years. Gold and silver are precious ______ (metal). The box is made ______ metal, so it's very strong. 中译英 这个盒子是金属做的，非常结实。 23. shock 音标 英式 /ʃɒk/ 美式/ʃɑːk/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The news of his death came as a great shock to us. vt. （课本义） We were shocked by the terrible scenes in the film. 同根词 adj. 令人震惊的 adj. 感到震惊的 高频搭配  震惊；处于休克状态  令某人大为震惊  对……感到震惊 即学即练 语法填空 We were shocked ______ the news of the accident. She was in a state ______ shock after the earthquake. 中译英 他去世的消息令我们大为震惊。 24. electricity 音标 英式 /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ 美式/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The storm cut off the electricity supply to thousands of homes. 同根词 adj. 电动的；用电的 adj. 电的；与电有关的 adj. 电子的 n. 电工 高频搭配  切断电源  发电  电力供应  电费单 即学即练 语法填空 The storm cut ______ the electricity supply to thousands of homes. Solar panels can be used ______ (generate) electricity. The power station supplies electricity ______ the whole city. 中译英 暴风雨切断了数千户家庭的电力供应。 25. trap 音标 英式 /træp/ 美式/træp/ 核心含义 vt. （课本核心义） Several miners were trapped underground after the accident. n. （课本核心义） The hunters set a trap to catch the fox. 同根词 adj. 被困的 高频搭配  被困在……中  诱骗某人做某事  设陷阱  落入圈套 即学即练 语法填空 Several miners were trapped ______ after the accident. Don't fall ______ the trap of buying things you don't need. 中译英 事故发生后，几名矿工被困在地下。 26. bury 音标 英式 /ˈberi/ 美式/ˈberi/ 核心含义 vt. （课本核心义） The soldiers were buried with full military honours. 同根词 n. 埋葬；葬礼 高频搭配  埋头于……；深陷于……  专心于…… 即学即练 语法填空 ______ (bury) in his book, he didn't hear the doorbell. She buried ______ in work to forget her sadness. 中译英 她埋头工作以忘却悲伤。 27. breathe 音标 英式 /briːð/ 美式/briːð/ 核心含义 vi. & vt. （课本核心义） It's good for your health to breathe fresh air in the morning. 同根词 n. 呼吸 adj. 气喘吁吁的 adj. 激动人心的；惊人的 高频搭配  深呼吸  吸入/呼出  上气不接下气  屏住呼吸  深吸一口气 即学即练 语法填空 After running up the stairs, she was out ______ breath. We held our ______ (breathe) as the winner was announced. 中译英 早晨呼吸新鲜空气对健康有好处。 跑上楼梯后，她上气不接下气。 28. revive 音标 英式 /rɪˈvaɪv/ 美式/rɪˈvaɪv/ 核心含义 vt. & vi. （课本核心义） The doctors tried every means to revive the patient. vt. （拓展义） The old street has been revived by the new cafes. 同根词 n. 振兴；复苏 vi. 幸存（同含 viv- 词根） 高频搭配  振兴经济  重新燃起希望/唤起记忆 即学即练 语法填空 The doctors tried their best ______ (revive) the patient. The old customs have been ______ (revive) in recent years. 中译英 医生们想尽一切办法使病人苏醒过来。 新咖啡馆使这条老街重新焕发了生机。 29. revival 音标 英式 /rɪˈvaɪvl/ 美式/rɪˈvaɪvl/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The city is experiencing an economic revival. 同根词 v. 复活；（使）苏醒 n. 生存；幸存（形近词） 高频搭配  经济复苏  ……的复兴  文化复兴 即学即练 语法填空 The city is experiencing an economic ______ (revive). There has been a revival ______ interest in traditional culture. 中译英 近年来人们对传统文化重新产生了兴趣。 30. effort 音标 英式 /ˈefət/ 美式/ˈefərt/ 核心含义 n. She made a great effort to control her anger. 同根词 adj. 不费力的 adv. 轻松地 高频搭配  努力做某事  不遗余力  毫不费力 即学即练 语法填空 She made a great effort ______ (control) her anger. The doctors spared no effort ______ (save) the boy's life. He passed the exam ______ effort because he was well prepared. 中译英 医生们不遗余力地抢救孩子的生命。 因为准备充分，他毫不费力地通过了考试。 31. unify 音标 英式 /ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/ 美式/ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/ 核心含义 vi. & vt. （课本核心义） The country was unified in 1990 after years of division. 同根词 n. 团结；统一 n. 联盟；工会 adj. 联合的；团结的 n. 制服（同根词） 高频搭配  统一国家  统一的体系  把……统一成…… 即学即练 语法填空 The country ______ (unify) in 1990 after years of division. A unified ______ (educate) system was established across the country. 中译英 经过多年分裂，这个国家于1990年实现了统一。 32. wisdom 音标 英式 /ˈwɪzdəm/ 美式/ˈwɪzdəm/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The old man shared his wisdom with the young people. 同根词 adj. 明智的；聪明的 adv. 明智地 高频搭配  ……的智慧  明智的选择/决定 即学即练 语法填空 Confucius' ______ (wise) still influences us today. It was wise ______ you to refuse his offer. She acted ______ (wise) by leaving before the quarrel began. 中译英 你拒绝他的提议是明智的。 33. context 音标 英式 /ˈkɒntekst/ 美式/ˈkɑːntekst/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） You can guess the meaning of the word from its context. n. （高考阅读义） These events must be seen in their historical context. 同根词 n. 文本 adj. 文本的 高频搭配  在上下文中  在……的背景下 即学即练 语法填空 We can guess the meaning of the word ______ its context. This poem should be read ______ its historical context. 中译英 你可以根据上下文猜出这个词的意思。 34. suffer 音标 英式 /ˈsʌfə/ 美式/ˈsʌfər/ 核心含义 vi. （课本核心义） The city suffered greatly in the flood. vt. （课本义） He suffered a lot of pain after the operation. 同根词 n. 苦难；痛苦 n. 患病者；受苦者 高频搭配  患……病；受……之苦  遭受损失/破坏  遭受痛苦 即学即练 语法填空 He suffered ______ a bad cold and had to stay in bed. The company suffered huge ______ (lose) in the economic crisis. 中译英 这家公司在经济危机中损失惨重。 35. volcano 音标 英式 /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ 美式/vɑːlˈkeɪnoʊ/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The volcano erupted for the first time in 100 years. 同根词 adj. 火山的 高频搭配  活火山/死火山  从火山喷发  火山灰 即学即练 语法填空 The volcano ______ (erupt) for the first time in 100 years. The village lies at the foot ______ an active volcano. Cities nearby were covered ______ volcanic ash. 中译英 这座火山一百年来首次喷发。 36. erupt 音标 英式 /ɪˈrʌpt/ 美式/ɪˈrʌpt/ 核心含义 vi. & vt. （课本核心义） Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE and buried the city. vi. （拓展义） The audience erupted into cheers at the end of the song. 同根词 n. 喷发；爆发 v. 打断（形近词） 高频搭配  突然爆发出笑声/欢呼声  勃然大怒 即学即练 语法填空 The audience erupted ______ cheers at the end of the performance. ______ (erupt) in 79 CE, the volcano buried the whole city. 中译英 演出结束时观众爆发出欢呼声。 37. supply 音标 英式 /səˈplaɪ/ 美式/səˈplaɪ/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） Medical supplies were sent to the earthquake zone at once. vt. （课本核心义） The company supplies free meals to its employees. 同根词 n. 供应商 n. 补给品 高频搭配  把某物供应给某人  向某人提供某物  供应不足  医疗物资 即学即练 语法填空 The factory supplies parts ______ car companies all over the country. Medical supplies were sent ______ the earthquake zone at once. 中译英 医疗物资被立即送往地震灾区。 这家公司向全国的汽车公司供应零部件。 38. typhoon 音标 英式 /taɪˈfuːn/ 美式/taɪˈfuːn/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The typhoon knocked down trees and power lines. 同根词 无 高频搭配  遭到台风袭击  台风警报  强台风 即学即练 语法填空 All flights were cancelled ______ of the typhoon. A red typhoon warning was issued, ______ schools were closed. 中译英 台风刮倒了城里的数百棵树。 39. hurricane 音标 英式 /ˈhʌrɪkən/ 美式/ˈhɜːrɪkən/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The hurricane destroyed hundreds of homes along the coast. 高频搭配  飓风级大风  飓风袭击  在飓风中幸存 即学即练 语法填空 The hurricane destroyed hundreds ______ homes along the coast. It took the city years to recover ______ the hurricane. 中译英 这座城市花了很多年才从飓风的打击中恢复过来。 40. survive 音标 英式 /səˈvaɪv/ 美式/sərˈvaɪv/ 核心含义 vi. （课本核心义） The old man survived the earthquake without any injuries. 同根词 n. 生存；幸存 n. 幸存者 高频搭配  在地震/战争中幸存  靠……生存  比某人多活…… 即学即练 语法填空 Camels can survive ______ little water in the desert. She survived her husband ______ ten years. 中译英 这位老人在地震中幸免于难，没有受伤。 骆驼可以在沙漠中靠很少的水生存。 41. power 音标 英式 /ˈpaʊə(r)/ 美式/ˈpaʊər/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The storm cut off power to the whole town. n. （拓展义） The party came into power two years ago. 同根词 adj. 强大的 adj. 无力的 vt. 授权；赋能 高频搭配  上台执政  执政  停电 即学即练 语法填空 The storm cut ______ power to the whole town. The new government came ______ power last year. 中译英 暴风雨切断了全镇的电力供应。 42. tap 音标 英式 /tæp/ 美式/tæp/ 核心含义 vi. & vt. （课本核心义） Someone tapped me on the shoulder from behind. n. （课本义） Remember to turn off the tap after washing your hands. 同根词 n. 轻叩 高频搭配  轻拍某人的肩膀  打开/关上水龙头  自来水 即学即练 语法填空 Someone tapped me ______ the shoulder from behind. Please turn ______ the tap while brushing your teeth. 中译英 有人从后面轻轻拍了拍我的肩膀。 43. pipe 音标 英式 /paɪp/ 美式/paɪp/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） A water pipe burst and flooded the kitchen. 同根词 n. 管道系统 高频搭配  水管/煤气管  爆裂的管道 即学即练 语法填空 A water pipe burst and flooded ______ kitchen. The workers are laying pipes ______ the new houses. 中译英 老楼里的煤气管需要修理。 44. whistle 音标 英式 /ˈwɪsl/ 美式/ˈwɪsl/ 核心含义 vi. （课本核心义） He whistled happily as he walked home. n. （课本义） The referee blew his whistle to end the match. 同根词 n. 吹口哨 n. 哨子 高频搭配  用口哨吹曲子  警笛 即学即练 语法填空 The wind whistled ______ the trees all night. 中译英 风整夜在树林间呼啸。 45. emergency 音标 英式 /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ 美式/ɪˈmɜːrdʒənsi/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） In case of emergency, dial 110 for help. 同根词 vi. 出现；浮现 n. 出现（形近词） 高频搭配  万一发生紧急情况  紧急出口  应急部门  紧急会议 即学即练 语法填空 ______ case of emergency, dial 110 for help. Please leave the building ______ the emergency exit. An ______ (emerge) meeting was held right after the flood. 中译英 发生火灾时请从紧急出口撤离。 46. calm 音标 英式 /kɑːm/ 美式/kɑːm/ 核心含义 adj. （课本核心义） Try to stay calm and think clearly in an emergency. vt. （课本义） She calmed the frightened child with gentle words. 高考熟词生义：adj. 同根词 adv. 镇静地 n. 平静；镇静 高频搭配  保持镇静  平静下来  使某人平静下来 即学即练 语法填空 She calmed the frightened child ______ with gentle words. ______ (calm), he worked out the answer in a minute. 中译英 她用温柔的话语让受惊的孩子平静下来。 47. aid 音标 英式 /eɪd/ 美式/eɪd/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The country sent aid to the flood-stricken areas. vi. & vt. （课本义） Computers can aid students in their studies. 高频搭配  急救  前来帮助某人  帮助某人做某事 即学即练 语法填空 Everyone should learn some basic knowledge ______ first aid. When I was in trouble, my friends came ______ my aid. 中译英 每个人都应该学一些基本的急救知识。 48. kit 音标 英式 /kɪt/ 美式/kɪt/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） Every family should keep a first aid kit at home. 高频搭配  急救箱  救生包  修理工具包 即学即练 语法填空 Every family should keep a first aid kit ______ home. The climbers carried a ______ (survive) kit in case of accidents. 中译英 登山者随身携带救生包以防意外。 49. crash 音标 英式 /kræʃ/ 美式/kræʃ/ 核心含义 vt. & vi. （课本核心义） The car crashed into a tree by the side of the road. n. （课本义） Three people were injured in the car crash. 高频搭配  撞上……  车祸/坠机  飞机失事 即学即练 语法填空 The car crashed ______ a tree by the side of the road. Three people were injured ______ the car crash. 中译英 三人在这次车祸中受伤。 50. sweep 音标 英式 /swiːp/ 美式/swiːp/ 核心含义 vt. & vi. （课本核心义） She swept the fallen leaves off the path. 同根词 n. 清洁工 adj. 影响广泛的；笼统的 高频搭配  消灭；彻底清除  扫地  席卷…… 即学即练 语法填空 The flood swept ______ the whole village within hours. The new fashion swept ______ the whole country. 中译英 几个小时之内洪水就冲毁了整个村庄。 51. wave 音标 英式 /weɪv/ 美式/weɪv/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The waves crashed against the rocks. vi. & vt. （课本核心义） She waved goodbye to her parents at the station. 高频搭配  向某人挥手  一阵……；一波……  热浪 即学即练 语法填空 She waved goodbye ______ her parents at the station. A wave ______ fear swept over the crowd. 中译英 她在车站向父母挥手告别。 52. strike 音标 英式 /straɪk/ 美式/straɪk/ 核心含义 vi. & vt. （课本核心义） The earthquake struck the city at about 3 a.m. n. （课本义） The workers went on strike for higher pay. 同根词 adj. 惊人的；显著的 adv. 显著地 高频搭配  被……打动；遭……袭击  某人突然想到……  举行罢工 即学即练 语法填空 It suddenly struck me ______ we could ask Jack for help. ______ (strike) by her beauty, the painter asked to draw her portrait. 中译英 地震于凌晨三点左右袭击了这座城市。 工人们为提高工资举行了罢工。 53. deliver 音标 英式 /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ 美式/dɪˈlɪvər/ 核心含义 vt. & vi. （课本核心义） The postman delivers letters to our village twice a week. vt. （拓展义） The professor delivered a wonderful speech on climate change. 同根词 n. 递送；分娩 高频搭配  把某物送给某人  发表演讲 即学即练 语法填空 The professor delivered a wonderful speech ______ climate change. The postman delivers letters ______ our village twice a week. 中译英 教授就气候变化发表了一场精彩的演讲。 邮递员每周两次把信送到我们村。 54. summary 音标 英式 /ˈsʌməri/ 美式/ˈsʌməri/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） Write a summary of the text in no more than 100 words. 同根词 vt. 总结；概括 高频搭配  总之  ……的概要  作总结 即学即练 语法填空 Please write a summary ______ the text in about 100 words. ______ summary, the report calls for immediate action. At the end of the meeting, the chairman ______ (summarize) the main points. 中译英 总之，报告呼吁立即采取行动。 55. effect 音标 英式 /ɪˈfekt/ 美式/ɪˈfekt/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The medicine had an immediate effect on the patient. 同根词 adj. 有效的 adv. 有效地 vt. 影响（动词形式） 高频搭配  对……有影响  见效；生效  开始生效  实际上；生效中 即学即练 语法填空 The medicine had an immediate effect ______ the patient. The new law will come ______ effect next month. 中译英 新法律下个月开始生效。 56. length 音标 英式 /leŋθ/ 美式/leŋθ/ 核心含义 n. （课本核心义） The length of the bridge is about 2,000 metres. 同根词 adj. 长的 vt. 加长 adj. 冗长的 高频搭配  详细地；最终  ……的长度 即学即练 语法填空 The bridge is about 2,000 metres ______ length. He explained the plan ______ length at the meeting. 中译英 他在会上详细地解释了这个计划。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $