专项训练-记叙文 -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦高考阅读理解高频题型，通过多样题材构建从信息提取到深层推断的逻辑训练，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解综合训练|18篇72题|涵盖细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意、词义猜测等核心题型|以人物故事、文化教育、自然科学等题材为载体，形成“文本信息定位—逻辑关系分析—深层含义推断”的解题逻辑链，强化文化意识与学习能力|

1 My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new best friends for life! He was a hard worker and was known as “Mr Fix-It” to everyone. He was also one of the most cheerful, affable (和蔼可亲的) and gentle people you would ever meet, which made us, his beloved daughters feel proud. But when Dad was in his fifties, my family began to notice him struggling. His work and skills began to become worse and worse, and he became depressed and withdrawn. This was not the man I knew. At the age of fifty-eight, Dad was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. As for our family, it was the worst. Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimer’s Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us. That meeting inspired me to start a Walk to End Alzheimer’s® team. But I still wanted to do more. In 2017, I became a board member of the Alzheimer’s Association Delaware Valley Chapter. The loss from this disease is gradual. My father’s decline continued for several years. Losing my father more and more each day was leaving a big hole in my heart and my life. I decided to fill that hole with action to honor my father. That’s why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer’s Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I don’t want another person in my family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease. I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their fights to Alzheimer’s in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimer’s. 1. What can we infer about the author’s father before having Alzheimer’s? A. He was an outgoing man. B. He hiked with strangers. C. He made a living by sales. D. He was a popular repairer of cars. 2. What did the author initially do for her father’s disease? A. She consulted many experts. B. She established a research team. C. She gained more relevant information. D. She funded the Alzheimer’s Association. 3.What gift does the author leave to the Alzheimer’s Association? A. Research funds for the disease. B. A record of her father’s mental state. C. Her research papers on families like hers. D. Experts’ suggestions on her father’s disease. 4. What does the author focus on in the last paragraph? A. Her precious gift. B. Her father’s firm confidence. C. Her future expectation. D. Her father’s original motivation. 2 Gong Linna, renowned Chinese musician and founder of Chinese New Art Music, put her music teaching methods into practice for the first time at the Tracing Roots practice concert and music festival of the Affiliated High School of Peking University on May 23. The first song of the concert, Search High and Low, is an allusion (暗指) to the classical poem Li Sao, “The road ahead will be long. I shall search high and low. ” “It's arranged to be sung by all performers, indicating that we should all search high and low for our roots, ” says Gong. To explore the education and the popularization of Chinese music, in 2017, Gong established a research and development team, which includes ethnomusicologist (民族音乐学家), Du Yaxiong, and music historian, Zhao Zhongming, to deliberate over her music teaching methods and summarize the vocal skills of Chinese music. Gong believed that the popularization of Chinese music should rely on primary and secondary schools rather than music academies. The children's passion for music and their outstanding performance amazed Gong, “When singing, they are completely lost in the music. Music brings light and richness to one's world. So, learning to sing is never about passing examinations, but about enjoying the music. ” Lu Yueming, instructor of the school's art center, said, “The children worked really hard and kept Gong's instructions in mind. Seeing their performance, I know that they truly fell in love with traditional Chinese music. ” “Seeing the children perform my pieces, I realized I should write more songs for them, ” said Lao Luo, Gong's husband proudly. “It's a great encouragement for me to see how much they like the songs, and they really need content related to Chinese culture. ” With an international vision, Gong will continue to write songs based on Chinese folk music or ancient poems. Gong said children should learn about the beauty of Chinese music. Only when you know about your own sounds, can you have cultural confidence. 24．Why is the song Search High and Low arranged at the concert? A．Because Gong is a renowned Chinese musician. B．Because people are expected to search for their roots. C．Because Gong's music teaching method is practical. D．Because Gong wants to deliberate over her music teaching methods. 25．What should the popularization of Chinese music depend on according to Gong? A．Music academies. B．The support of the government. C．Primary and secondary schools. D．Famous musicians across the country. 26．What is Gong's future plan for music? A．She will train more children to study abroad. B．She will give more concerts to promote Chinese music. C．She will help children learn about the beauty of various types of music. D．She will write more songs based on Chinese folk music or ancient poems. 27．What's the best title of the passage? A．Creating Music Helps Cultural Confidence B．Gong Linna—My Dramatist C．Music Education Gets New Voice D．The Development and Instruments of Chinese Music 3 My name is Ben. I am 13, and I live in Chantilly, VA. Just yesterday, June 24, I was at home watching my sister, who is mentally handicapped (有智力障碍的). My father was at work while my mother and younger sister were at my mother’s office. I had noticed the clouds growing darker and the ones to the east were turning green. At first I thought nothing of it, but then on TV, the weather reporter was announcing a big thunderstorm warning, one that usually brings hail (冰雹) and heavy rain. After seeing that, I called my mother and told her about it. She told me I should not be worried because it was just a thunderstorm so we hung up. Then I looked outside and noticed it was almost pitch black at 4：30. I took a flashlight (手电筒) because I was sure the power was going to go out any second. Then no sooner had I gotten back from getting the flashlight than the weather reporter announced a Tornado Warning! I had never been in an actual tornado before, but I had seen some funnel clouds before in Montana. Suddenly I realised I had no time to lose and I had to try to get my sister down the stairs to the basement in a matter of minutes. I surprisingly got her down there with no trouble at all and I raced back up the stairs to get the cordless phone. When I got back downstairs my dad called and told me to get downstairs immediately. I told him I was already down there! He said OK and we talked for a few seconds and then we hung up. Then_through_the_ basement_windows,_the_only_thing_I_could_see_was_lightning. I do not recall hearing of any deaths, or too many injuries so I guess everyone got a good head start to run to their basements. Either that or we are all lucky. 5. Ben took a flashlight because ________. A. he wanted to look for something B. it was not bright enough in the room C. he wanted to take care of his sister D. he was prepared for the power off 6. How did Ben save himself and his sister? A. By staying upstairs at home. B. By running out of the house. C. By hiding in the basement. D. By using the cordless phone. 7. How did Ben’s father feel when he called Ben? A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Disappointed. D. Encouraged. 8. What can we infer from the underlined sentence? A. It was completely dark outside. B. They were scared. C. The flashlight was broken. D. It was at midnight. 4 Lakshmi grew up in India in the first half of the twentieth century, seeing many people around her who did not get enough food, were often sick and died young. In the 1960s, she was asked to help manage a program to improve nutrition in her country. At that time, most advice on nutrition came from North American and European countries. Nutritionists suggested foods that were common and worked well for people who lived in these nations. For example, they told poor Indian women to eat more meat and eggs and drink more orange juice. But Lakshmi knew this advice was useless in a country such as India. People there didn't eat such foods. They weren’t easy to find. And for the poor, such foods were too expensive.Lakshmi knew that for the program to work, it had to fit Indian culture. So she decided to adjust the nutrition program. She first found out what healthy middle class people in India ate and then took note of the nutrients (营养物) available in those foods to look for cheap, easy-to-find foods that would provide the same nutrients. She created a balanced diet of locally grown fruits, vegetables, and grains. These foods were cheap and could be cooked with simple equipment. Her ideas were thought unusual in the 1960s. For example, she insisted that a diet without meat could provide all major nutrients. Now we know she was right. But it took her continuous efforts to get others to finally accept her diet about 50 years ago. Because of Lakshmi's program, Indian children almost doubled their food intake. And many children who would have been hungry and ill grew healthy and strong. 24. Why did Lakshmi think European nutritionists’ advice was useless? A. It worked well for European people. B. It suggested too many foods for Indians. C. It was not practical in India that time. D. It included foods that didn’t exist in India. 25. Lakshmi studied healthy middle class people’s diet in order to . A. find out nutrients in their food B. learn about Indian culture C. know about their eating habits D. write a report on food nutrients 26. Lakshmi’s balanced diet was considered unusual because people thought _________. A. Those foods were too cheap B. it should include some meat C. it provided all major nutrients D. it enabled kids to grow healthy 27. What can we infer about Lakshmi? A. She came from a rich family. B. She disliked middle class people. C. She worked with European nutritionists. D. She was a determined scientist. 5 When British musician Paul Barton performs in Lopburi lately, his energetic listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music. These behaviors are normal; however, these crowds are truly wild—wild monkeys to be exact, who are Barton’s latest animal fans. Past wildlife audiences included elephants and deer living in special protected areas. He also once played to cows to please them to get more milk. Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for wild macaque monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calmness to the animals, which often suffer hunger during the hard time and become aggressive（好斗的）.The limited tourism means fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.“On the one hand, we need to make an effort to make sure that they eat correctly. On the other hand, we should try to calm these wild animals down,” said Barton, 59, a Thailand man. Barton has played at four places in Lopburi, including an ancient Hindu temple, a store and an old movie theater. The animals quickly surround Barton when he plays music. Some of the creatures sit on his chair, while others climb up his body and touch his head. However, Barton keeps his attention on his performance, even when some animals run over his hands on the instrument and other animals take control of his music papers. Barton is happy to find they are curious about him and the piano and enjoy the music as he is playing it. 1. Who are the listeners for Barton in Lopburi? A. Monkeys. B. Deer. C. Cows. D. Elephants. 2. Why does Paul Barton play music to the animals in Lopburi? A. To show his music talent. B. To calm the animals down. C. To raise money for the animals. D. To help the animals out of hunger. 3. How do the animals react when Barton plays to them in Lopburi? A. Fight with other animals. B. Enjoy the music silently. C. Be curious about his behavior. D. Keep away from him immediately. 4. What’s the main idea of the article? A. Piano lessons are taught in the wild. B. Special concerts are held for animals. C. A musician helps animals play the piano. D. Some measures are taken to protect animals. 6 When I was a child, I was often asked at school who my role model was, the person that you admire and inspires you. I always mentioned different names: from the celebrity of the moment to my grandfather. It was always difficult for me to choose a single person as a role model, because I liked different things from different people. Based on the people that I admired and inspired me, I managed to create a custom role model in my mind. For years there has been a constant struggle to achieve gender equality, and when I decided to study at my university I leaned towards engineering because I wanted a challenge in my life, both intellectually and culturally. Back then, only 10% of the students were women. This certainly did not stop me. On the contrary, it was a determining factor for me to prove myself that I could handle something that was “not expected” for women. Throughout my studies I realized that there was no difference between me and my teammates; we all had the same possibilities and capabilities. However, my main challenge was determined by culture, as we grew up with certain values and social norms that told us that careers in science or engineering were not for women. It was complicated and I had to go through uncomfortable situations, but pursuing a technical career brought me many benefits, such as developing systematic thinking. This is a basic tool to create possibilities in the future and achieve a more rational understanding about the economic and social systems in which we live, and it allows you to have the possibility to become the architect of your own life. When girls decide to pursue a technical career, they not only benefit themselves, but also help break the stereotypes in their environment. They become agents of change capable of modifying existing structures. It is like sowing seeds for the future. If we want a fairer world where women and men can decide on our future, we have to involve girls starting today, encouraging them to explore technology and science. Sow a seed and in the future it will give you a tree with many fruits. This is not only an individual benefit but a collective one. 1. What did the author manage to do in her childhood? A. Change her role models all the time. B. Find the basis for admiring a person. C. Imagine a particular role model for herself. D. Treat her grandfather as a famous person. 2. What did the author want to prove by studying engineering? A. Women have intellectual challenges. B. Women are different in capabilities. C. Women achieved gender equality at work. D. Women are suitable for technical careers. 3. Why does the author give the example of systematic thinking? A. To stress the benefits of technical careers. B. To explain its application in architecture. C. To introduce this basic thinking tool. D. To show the possibilities it brings in life. 4. What does the author encourage girls to do? A. Become famous models. B. Explore science and technology. C. Struggle for gender equality. D. Decide on their own future. 7 On April 14th,2010, my entire life changed in an in - stant . One moment I was joyfully riding through the sun -shine . The next moment , metal , flesh and bones were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash . Another cyclist , biking carelessly , had cut me off and sent me toward oncoming traffic . As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life , another disaster also occurred on April 14th,2010. It cost the airline industry $1.7 billion . Ten million travelers were stuck for days . Economies all over the world were disrupted . This was the eruption of Eyjafjallaj ö kull , one of Iceland ' s many volcanoes . However , volcanoes are not all bad . In fact , they are necessary . They are responsible for the birth of new earth and for the creation of rich soil . This eruption gave off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily . But canceling 48% of the world ' s flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the at - mosphere . Similarly , the accident badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I would never have realized . I learned how not to judge myself from my new limita - tions . In 1973, another Icelandic volcano , Eldfell , broke out , Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water until it froze and chose a different path . After their plan worked , they used the geothermal （地热的） energy for the next 15years to heat their homes . A good example of " When life gives you lemons , make lemonade !" One must move on from misfortunes , focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful about the future . I ran from April 14th,2010, to every kind of escape . Eventually I ended up in university for a new - found love in earth sciences . 4.What happened to the writer on April 14th,2010? A . He was involved in a car crash . B . He was stuck in an Iceland ' s airport . C . He witnessed a volcanic eruption . D . He was badly injured on a bike ride . 5.Which of the following is an effect of the eruption of Eyjafjallaj ö kull ? A . Most of the world ' s planes were held up . B . Carbon dioxide was increased temporarily . C . The earth in Iceland was terribly polluted . D . Economies were affected globally by the eruption . 6.Why did the writer mention the eruption of the Eldfell volcano ? A . It broke out in Iceland on April 14th as well . B . It encouraged him to know more about himself . C . It symbolized the accident that changed his life . D . It told us to make the most of the given situation . 7.What is the best title of the passage ? A . Escape from Volcanoes B . Inspiration from Disasters C . Love for Earth Sciences D . Attitude Towards Nature 8 In our daily life, it’s the unexpected acts of kindness that often bring us the most joy. This is a story about one such act that occurred in the most unlikely of places — a crowded airplane. It’s a reminder that despite the chaos, there’s always time for sympathy, something Kelsey Zwick and her baby experienced in person. The mom was traveling to the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia with her daughter, who required special medical attention due to her premature birth. The journey was filled with the extra luggage of medical equipment and the concerns of a caring mother. As they were settled into their economy seats, a flight attendant approached with the sweetest offer. Just at that time, a first — class passenger noticed them and wanted to offer his seat, hoping it would provide more comfort for them. On hearing that, Zwick was moved to tears by the gesture. The flight proceeded smoothly with Zwick and her daughter enjoying the unexpected comfort of first class. However, upon landing, Zwick was unable to find the man, as they lost each other in the crowd. Determined to thank him appropriately, she detailed the encounter, from the struggles of traveling with a baby and medical equipment to the heartfelt exchange with the stranger. Then she posted online the message, expressing thanks and recognition of the man’s generosity. The story, once shared, caught fire online, receiving over 579,000 shares. The viral nature of this post eventually led to the airline connecting Zwick with the benefactor, Jason Kunselman. In an interview, Kunselman humbly shared his perspective, stressing the importance of kindness. This encounter between Zwick and Kunselman serves as a powerful reminder of the impact a simple act of kindness can have. It’s a call to action for all of us to be more observant and considerate of those around us. 1. Why was Zwick moved on the plane? A. Her baby was looked after on the plane. B. Her problem was solved by a flight attendant. C. A first-class passenger offered his seat to her. D. The passengers on the plane told the story of kindness. 2. Why did Zwick want to find the man? A. To give him the extra fee. B. To express her gratitude. C. To praise his generosity. D. To make an apology to him. 3. What does the underlined word “benefactor” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Contributor. B. Reporter. C. Conductor. D. Organizer. 4. What is implied in the story of Zwick? A. Few people care about the persons around us. B. The story posted online always attracts a lot of fans. C. A near neighbor is better than a distant cousin. D. Acts of kindness always start from our considerateness. 9 Lots of kids like to talk about sports, but Joseph D’Avirro talks about sports like a professional host in a show called Sliders & Curveballs. The 9-year-old from Newington, Connecticut is a natural at sports talk and has been broadcasting the show—which is about baseball, basketball and other sports—with his dad, Mike D’Avirro, since September 2019. The D’Avirro started the broadcast after two former college roommates of Mike died, which made Mike want to spend more time with his son. Then the idea came to him. So far, they have done about 50 programs. Joseph’s favorite is when the father-and-son team interviewed Jim Calhoun, the coach leading the Connecticut Huskies to three national titles. They have also interviewed important sports authors. The father and son make about one 30- to 40-minute podcast each month. They prepare for the podcasts by deciding on the questions they want to ask the guest. Joseph asks half of the questions, and Mike handles the other half. Joseph reads his questions again and again to get them in his brain well. It is a lot of work, but Joseph says it is “a lot more fun than homework”. Joseph has also learned to speak up and speak clearly. He has to listen and to go with the flow of the conversation. For example, he said, “If the guest is talking about sports in the 1990s, you have to think about sports in the 1990s.” When asked how long he and his dad will continue doing the show, he answered, “Until my dad starts growing gray hairs.” Joseph has other ambitions when he grows up—to be a sports player, a sports broadcaster or to own a basketball team. Those are big dreams, but Joseph is already living a dream: talking sports and spending time with his dad. 1. What is Joseph’s show about? A. Some talk shows on sports. B. Ways to get along with parents. C. Stories about famous sports players. D.Sports that his family loves playing. 2. What inspired Mike to start the show with his son? A. His son’s talent for sports. B. His wish to be a host since college. C. The deaths of his college roommates. D. The encouragement from his roommates. 3. What does Joseph think of memorizing his questions? A. It’s as boring as homework. B. It’s challenging to his brain. C. It takes a lot of time but means a lot. D. It’s more interesting than homework. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. A rising sports broadcaster B. A long road to go to success C. The father-and-son team hosts D. Joseph D’Avirro’s big dream 10 William Purkey, a well-known professor of education, once said, "Dance like no one is watching, love like you'll never be hurt, sing like no one is listening, and live like it's heaven on earth." It seems like the perfect life philosophy (哲理)---and one I've learned to apply to running over the year. But I didn't always feel this way. In my early days, when I weighed 240 pounds, I ran like everyone was watching---and judging. If I was on a run and saw a car approaching, I'd stop and pretend I was looking for something I'd lost. I bought the high-tech gear and clothes that I thought would make people believe I was a runner. And I didn't know if the expensive shoes I was wearing were the right kind for me---I just wanted to look like I fit in with this group. To be honest, I felt a certain satisfaction in believing that someone was watching. I really thought that other people cared about my performance. The best example of this was a combined, two-lap marathon(马拉松长跑)in Florence, Italy. As I approached finishing line, the crowd began to cheer. I was surprised. Here I was, thousands of miles from home, and the Italians were shouting for “IIPenguino.” About 20 yards from the finishing ,the truth set in when the winner of the full marathon went past me as I was finishing the marathon No one was cheering for me. no one probably even noticed that I was finishing. I couldn't help but smile at my own illusion of self-importance. That's when I realized I had been running for every reason except the right one. I ran to make other people happy, ran to live up to their expectations. But no one was watching---no cared. So I decided I was going to run for me---just me---and gained a new enjoyment from the sport I hadn't truly experienced yet. I've learned to run like no one is watching. So if you see me at race, and I look like a 60-year-old guy wadding(蹒跚) along, don't worry. I'm fine. The miracle isn't that I finished. The miracle is that I had the courage to start. 1．The writer begins her writing by________. A．telling her running story B．explaining a life philosophy C．listing some life rules D．introducing a well-known saying 2．We can learn from paragraph 2 that the writer________. A．used sports clothes and shoes to attract attention B．was concerned about what others thought of her C．liked to be the focus other runners D．struggled to find the right shoes to fit her 3．When the writer was near the finishing line, ________. A．she smiled at her own achievement B．the crowd cheered for her madly C．nobody really cared about her running D．She realized the importance of confidence 4．By telling her own story, the writer wanted to________. A．tell us to live a life of our own B．encourage more people to run C．expect us to improve our health by running D．stress the importance of determination 11 This is the moment a cleaner at a British university burst into tears after students raised $ 2,063 to send him to Jamaica on vacation to see family. Herman Gordon, who has worked at Bristol University for more than a decade, is described as “one of the most loved” members of its cleaning staff. He is so well liked that a group of students raised money to give him a holiday. A video shows a student hands an envelope of cash to the surprised Gordon with tears rolling down his cheeks. He wipes away tears with a cleaning cloth and hugs the student who gave it to him. Gordon said: “I want to thank every one of you and God bless every one of you.” The group of students started the fundraising because they liked Gordon so much. A post said: “The Jamaican cleaner in the biomedical library is the jolliest man I have ever met; he makes me smile even when I’m in the deepest depths of sorrow, if you want a reason to smile, go talk to him for a minute or two.” Anyone who has been to the biomedical library knows who Herman the cleaner is. Simply put, Herman is the epitome（典范）of happiness, “All year round, this man works hours on end to provide us with a clean working space in which to study. But most importantly, his everlasting positive attitude has managed to turn many students’ dark days into positive ones filled with joy,” said a student. Whether you’re just feeling generally down or stressed out due to exams, Herman is always there to encourage you. This legend proves that happiness is not about what you own, what job you have or how much money you’ve got, but about appreciating what you currently have in life even if it’s small. 5．What was Herman Gordon’ reaction when receiving the fundraising? A．grateful. B．stressed. C．delighted. D．astonished. 6．What does the underlined word “jolliest” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．most miserable. B．most cheerful. C．most generous. D．most glorious. 7．In which aspect do students benefit most from Herman? A．Building confidence. B．Developing exam skills. C．Learning self-control. D．Gaining biomedical knowledge. 8．What is the text mainly about? A．A biomedical library cleaner. . B．A group of warm-hearted students. C．Money-raising to send a cleaner on vacation. D．The most loved cleaning staff. 12 Looking through a magazine in a waiting room recently, I came across an article with the title “My top five most precious possessions”. It was just a few lines of text with pictures, but it caught my imagination. It’s interesting how inanimate (无生命的) objects can take on such significance and become woven (编织) into a person’s, and sometimes a whole family’s, life history. Anyway, the article had me considering what my most precious possessions are. It was difficult to choose only five, but here are mine: An old cardboard box filled with my children’s baby photos. A yellow pocket­sized birthday book of special things (poems, pictures of flowers and trees, etc) given to me by my dad when I was probably about seven or eight years old. A 21st birthday card from my mum. In it she’s written her congratulations, her love, and her hopes for my future. She died not long after, when I was in my early twenties. A few ancient but very beautiful botany books that were once my great grandmother’s. She was a botanist in a time when it was relatively unusual for women to be qualified in this field and I think she was probably a remarkable and very interesting woman. I’d like to have known her. A brooch (胸针) left to me by my much­loved grandmother. It was given to my great grandmother by my great grandfather on his return from World War Ⅰ. It is not worth anything in terms of money. However, it not only stands for a link between four generations of women, but it is also a reminder of one young man’s return from World War Ⅰ. How about you? I’d love to hear what you feel are your most precious possessions. 9．What made the writer have the idea of writing the passage? A．Her love for her relatives. B．Her rich imagination about the objects. C．An article in a magazine. D．Some pictures in an article. 10．According to the passage, the writer _______. A．lost her mother at the age of 26 B．was a mother of several children C．got the yellow birthday book at 8 D．studied botany well when she was young 11．The writer considered her great grandmother remarkable and interesting because she_______. A．wrote a large number of botany books B．left the writer some ancient but beautiful botany books C．was unusually famous for her achievements D．could become a botanist in the special time 12．In the writer’s opinion, something that is thought to be the most precious should be able to ________. A．change a person’s and even the whole family’s life history B．have a great effect on one person’s life C．remind somebody of his or her close relatives D．show a person’s love and respect for his or her relatives 13 On April 14th, 2010, my entire life changed in an instant. One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine. The next moment, metal, flesh and bones were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash. Another cyclist, biking carelessly, had cut me off and sent me toward oncoming traffic. As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life, another disaster also occurred on April 14th, 2010. It cost the airline industry $1.7 billion. Ten million travelers were stuck for days. Economies all over the world were disrupted. This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, one of Iceland's many volcanoes. However，volcanoes are not all bad. In fact, they are necessary. They are responsible for the birth of new earth and for the creation of rich soil. This eruption gave off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily. But canceling 48% of the world's flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere. Similarly, the accident badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I would never have realized. I learned how not to judge myself from my new limitations. In 1973, another Icelandic volcano, Eldfell, broke out. Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water until it froze and chose a different path. After their plan worked, they used the geothermal(地热的) energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes. A good example of “When life gives you lemons, make lemonade！” One must move on from misfortunes, focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful about the future. I ran from April 14th, 2010, to every kind of escape. Eventually I ended up in university for a new­found love in earth sciences. 24．What happened to the writer on April 14th, 2010? A．He was involved in a car crash. B．He was stuck in Iceland's airport. C．He witnessed a volcanic eruption. D．He was badly injured on a bike ride. 25．Which of the following is an effect of the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull? A．Most of the world's planes were held up. B．Carbon dioxide was increased temporarily. C．The earth in Iceland was terribly polluted. D．Economies were affected globally by the eruption. 26．Why did the writer mention the eruption of the Eldfell volcano? A．It broke out in Iceland on April 14th as well. B．It encouraged him to know more about himself. C．It symbolized the accident that changed his life. D．It told us to make the most of the given situation. 27．What is the best title of the passage? A．Escape from Volcanoes B．Inspiration from Disasters C．Love for Earth Sciences D．Attitude Towards Nature 14 I believe that having a voice in something you put effort into will build you into a stronger person. All the time, I had grown as the one to be taken advantage of, only because I was the one willing to help others. When I was in high school, I grew tired of the same routine daily, and wanted to be given a challenge. At the beginning of my fresh year, I was selected to be a drum major for the school band. A drum major is the leader of the marching band during rehearsals(排练) and in performances. But I did not know how to take on the actual job for the first time. So I watched many videos on how to act better, though I couldn't do it very well. One day, the band was rehearsing again, but no one had memorized their music. Frustrated that the music was just so­so, I lost my temper and then opened my mouth, saying how unacceptable it was because we had been ranked in first place as the best marching band. The moment I had finished my speech on how we should focus better, all jaws were dropped. Even I was surprised: it was the first time that I had opened my mouth about something I cared about. Because of that, I lost some friendships, but developed even stronger relationships with people who wanted to follow my footsteps. In my last two years of high school, I became known as one full of confidence in any situation. I was the first one to volunteer and the happy one to lend a hand. I learned to have a voice by being chosen to lead the marching band and became stronger through losing and making new connections. And I influenced those youngsters to become a better person than they were yesterday. 28．As a freshman in high school, the author ________. A．had a desire for a different life B．got tired of helping other people C．found it easy to be a drum major D．felt it frustrating to lose his temper 29．What's the general response to the author's fierce words about the music? A．Shock. B．Admiration. C．Envy. D．Confidence. 30．Which of the following can best describe the author? A．Modest and cautious. B．Considerate and decent. C．Outgoing and optimistic. D．Hardworking and confident. 31．What is the best title for the text? A．Learn to Help Others B．Learn to Have a Voice C．Build up Relationships D．Respond to Challenges 15 Nicholas Chorier is not a usual photographer. He is a kite aerial (航空的) photographer. He uses a kite to hoist (吊起) his camera into the skies and clicks photographs. As a teenager, Nicholas had two passions — photography and kite flying. During a trip to India to make a photo report on kite making, he learnt about this unique style of photography. Fascinated, he literally tied his two hobbies together for a living. Nicholas learnt to make strong kites modeled on the Japanese kites, Rokkaku that could stand high winds. A newbie in his chosen field, he then set out to train himself, Today he is one of the most well-known kite aerial photographers in the world. The technique is to tie a basket containing the photography equipment to the string of the kite and then fly it, thus launching the camera into air. From the ground, Nicholas controls the angles of the camera with a remote. An air-to-ground video link enables him to see the view from the kite’s point. Once satisfied with the frame, he clicks a picture, However, the job does have its pitfalls, too. Once, his kite disappeared in the Yamuna River, with his expensive camera following it. He is especially fond of India, having made a couple of trips and taken many spectacular photos. “India is a too vast and beautiful country to be captured through the cameras in one life,” he says. He recently released a book, Kite’s Eye View: India between Earth and Sky. Though it includes photographs of “No Photo” sites like the Taj Mahal, it shows them from a totally different perspective. 1. What were Nicholas’s two hobbies? A．Design and reading. B．Traveling and drawing. C．Kite making and selling. D．Photography and kite flying. 2. What is “Rokkaku”? A．A technique. B．A Japanese. C．A kind of kite. D．A beginner. 3. What does the underlined word “pitfalls” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Benefits. B．Choices. C．Secrets. D．Risks. 4. Which word can best describe Nicholas? A．Creative. B．Honest. C．Humorous. D．Warm-hearted. 16 Nicolas Chorier is not a usual photographer, but a kite aerial (航空的) photographer. He uses a kite to lift his camera into the sky and clicks photos. As a teenager, Nicolas had two passions — photography and kite flying. During a trip to India to make a photo report on kite making, he learnt about this unique style of photography. Fascinated, he literally tied his two hobbies together for a living. Nicolas learnt to make strong kites modelled on Rokkaku, a kite that could stand high winds. As a newbie in his chosen field, he set out to train himself. Today he is one of the most well-known kite aerial photographers in the world. The technique is to tie a basket containing the photography equipment to the string of the kite and then fly it, thus launching the camera into air, From the ground, Nicolas controls the angles of the camera with a remote. An air-to-ground video link enables him to see the view from the kite’s point. Once satisfied with the frame, he clicks a picture. However, the job does have its pitfalls, too. Once, his kite disappeared in the Yamuna River, with his expensive camera following it. He is especially fond of India, having made a couple of trips and taken many spectacular photos. “India is a too vast and beautiful country to be captured through the cameras in one life,” he says. He recently released a book，Kite’s Eye View; India between Earth and Sky. Though it includes photographs of “No Photo” sites like the Taj Mahal. it shows them from a totally different perspective. 1. Why did Nicolas Chorier go to India? A．To buy a camera. B．To make a kite, C．To make a photo report on kite making. D．To learn how to take photos. 2. What is “Rokkaku”? A．A kind of kite. B．A picture. C．A camera. D．A job. 3. What does the underlined word “pitfalls” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Benefits. B．Risks. C．Secrets. D．Choices. 4. Which word can best describe Nicolas? A．Generous. B．Honest. C．Brave. D．Creative. 17 Salvador Dali is one of the most influential and famous painters of all time. Not just a painter, but his personality was as unique as his paintings. His surrealistic paintings are so famous that they overshadow his other artworks. Hearing the name “Salvador Dali” alone creates an image, or perhaps I should say, a painting in the minds of people. His paintings are usually surrealistic and hard to understand, but once understood, they convey their message so fluently and beautifully. During his creative exploration, Dali went deep into various artistic styles, such as impressionism, cloisonne (分格画), and cubism (立体画), before eventually venturing into surrealism. It was in this period that he created one of his famous paintings, Sick Boy—Pointillism (点彩派). Pointillism is the method of painting using only small dots of color to create the painting. Sick Boy is a clear mixture of expressionism and pointillism, but there’s more going on here. Dali has added a little bit of surrealism as well. This is a self-portrait of him in Cadaqués, the coastal town where he used to spend his summers. While the sickness of the child can be seen from his lying position, exhausted and weak, and looking at the viewers’ eyes, the actual sickness is far more terrifying. Take a look at his hand with long, pointed fingers. His face presents a disturbing and threatening expression. It is hardly human. It almost feels like there is another creature inside the body of this kid, using the skin and face as a cover. The parallel can be drawn from the other living thing in the painting, the caged canary (金丝雀). Similar to the canary, which is imprisoned inside this cage to stay, the boy’s true self is imprisoned inside the body. There might be some dark and sick intentions inside his mind, but those must be controlled. The way the sick child lies on the chair and stares ahead makes it one of the frightening paintings by Salvador Dali. 1. What are the main features of Salvador Dali’s paintings? A．Hope and optimism. B．Fluency and harmony. C．Beauty and simplicity. D．Complexity and confusion. 2. What is the subject of Sick Boy? A．A portrait Dali painted for himself. B．The painter’s favorite coastal town. C．A canary imprisoned inside the cage. D．The exploration of various artistic styles. 3. What is the significance of the caged canary in the painting? A．It represents the boy’s sickness. B．It conveys the beauty of nature. C．It symbolizes the boy’s trapped true self. D．It shows the sick boy’s love for animals. 4. Which words can best describe Salvador Dali? A．Energetic and realistic. B．Negative and stubborn. C．Strange and threatening. D．Unconventional and creative. 18 Shortly after the return of the NBA season in late July, the artist Victor Solomon showed an ambitious creation to mark the occasion: the “Kintsugi Court”. Using the Japanese craft of kintsugi, an ancient method of repairing pottery with gold, Solomon filled in the cracks of a run-down basketball court in South Los Angeles. In the process, he transformed the forgotten bit of concrete into something eye-catching and functional. He highlighted the court’s weak points instead of hiding them. Basketball has been a frequent source for Solomon. But he’s far from alone. Over the past five years, basketball courts, some previously in disrepair or disuse, have been frequent canvases for public art. The work, from famous creators like Solomon as well as nonprofit organizations and art collectives, uses the courts to comment on the interconnected dynamics of race, class, and changing communities. Artists say they’re drawn to basketball as inspiration because of the game itself—a sport described as a universally accessible, race-indifferent platform. For other artists, that functionality—the opportunity to produce a useful public resource —is as important as the aesthetics (美感). DanPeterson is founding director of Project Backboard, an organization that changes old basketball courts into eye-catching murals (壁画) that double as durable public recreation spaces. Since its founding in 2014, Project Backboard has made more than 20 courts active, using work by 17 artists, in locations around the US including Memphis, St. Louis, Los Angeles, and Baltimore. Repairs are done with the same material used to repair public tennis courts, ensuring they will hold up for years to come. “The thing about the sport and the court itself is that it is indifferent to class or race or background of people it’s surrounded by,” says Vannatter. “These are meaningful contributions of public art in places that maybe would never have access to art.” 1. What inspired Solomon’s filling in the cracks of a basketball court? A．The return of the NBA season. B．An ancient method of repairing gold. C．The Japanese craft of kintsugi. D．The way to hide weak points. 2. What did artists do with the abandoned basketball courts? A．Repair them to be the same as before. B．Transform them into art works to appreciate. C．Pull them down to make room for museums. D．Rebuild them for basketball fans to play there. 3. Why were artists attracted by basketball? A．Because basketball was a universally accessible platform. B．Because basketball was more important than other sports. C．Because too many abandoned basketball courts need repairing. D．Because they liked to play basketball when they were young. 4. What can we infer from the text? A．Abandoned basketball courts are used to store goods. B．Old basketball courts are painted into murals for profits. C．Old basketball courts are served as public recreation spaces. D．More and more artists tend to get inspiration from old objects. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 1 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病，在了解这种疾病和逐渐“失去”父亲的过程中，作者投入到与阿尔茨海默病相关的慈善事业中，并呼吁人们参与其中。 【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new best friends for life!(我父亲是那种可以走进一间满是陌生人的房间，离开时却能交到一辈子最好的朋友的人！)”可推知，作者的父亲在患病前是一个善于交际的人，外向的人。故选A。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimer’s Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us.(我们的第一步是参加由阿尔茨海默氏症协会主办的会议，了解更多关于这种疾病的知识和可能帮助我们的项目)”可知，作者在父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病后，最初去参加了阿尔茨海默病协会主办的会议，以了解更多关于该疾病的信息。故选C。 3.细节理解题。根据第五段“That’s why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer’s Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I don’t want another person in my family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.(这就是为什么我最近决定给阿尔茨海默氏症协会留下一份礼物，把它命名为我退休计划的受益人的原因。我未来的礼物将提供资金支持研究，因为我不希望我的家人或其他家庭的人患上阿尔茨海默病)”可知，作者留给了阿尔茨海默氏症协会研究该疾病的经费。故选A。 4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their fights to Alzheimer’s in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimer’s.(我很自豪能够以这种方式纪念我的父亲和其他与阿尔茨海默氏症斗争失败的家庭成员。我的父亲鼓舞了我，我希望，通过我的礼物，我可以激励其他人加入到结束阿尔茨海默氏症的斗争中来)”可推知，作者在最后一段的重点是阐述她对未来的期盼。故选C。 2 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。为了探索中国音乐的教育和普及，中国著名音乐家、中国新艺术音乐创始人龚琳娜首次将自己的音乐教学方法付诸实践。龚琳娜说，孩子们应该学习中国音乐的美以增强文化自信。 24．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的It's arranged to be sung by all performers, indicating that we should all search high and low for our roots可知，这首歌曲是安排所有表演者演唱的，这表明我们都应该上下求索，寻找我们的根。因此音乐会上安排表演者演唱这首歌曲的原因是人们被期望寻找他们的根源。故选B。 25．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Gong believed that the popularization of Chinese music should rely on primary and secondary schools rather than music academies.可知，龚琳娜认为，中国音乐的普及应该依靠中小学而不是音乐学院。该句中的rely on和题干中的depend on同义。故选C。 26．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的With an international vision, Gong will continue to write songs based on Chinese folk music or ancient poems.可知，拥有国际视野的龚琳娜将继续创作以中国民乐或古诗为基础的歌曲，即龚琳娜未来的音乐计划是她将根据中国民乐或古诗创作更多的歌曲。故选D。 27．答案与解析：C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知龚琳娜将自己的音乐教学方法付诸实践，她认为，中国音乐的普及应该依靠中小学而不是音乐学院，孩子们应该学习中国音乐的美，只有了解祖国音乐的声音，才能有文化自信。即文章的主要内容是音乐教育应该从孩子开始，让他们演唱中国传统歌曲，发现中国音乐之美，中国的音乐教育应该听到孩子的声音。因此C项(音乐教育获得新声音)可以作为这篇文章的标题。故选C。 3 【答案】 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了当龙卷风来时，作者是如何保护自己及妹妹的。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I took a flashlight (手电筒) because I was sure the power was going to go out any second.(我带了一个手电筒，因为我知道随时都有可能停电。)”可知，本带了一个手电筒，因为他已经做好了断电的准备。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Suddenly I realised I had no time to lose and I had to try to get my sister down the stairs to the basement in a matter of minutes. I surprisingly got her down there with no trouble at all and I raced back up the stairs to get the cordless phone. When I got back downstairs my dad called and told me to get downstairs immediately.(突然，我意识到我没有时间可以浪费了，我必须在几分钟内把我妹妹弄下楼去地下室。令人惊讶的是，我毫不费力地把她弄到楼下，然后跑上楼去拿无绳电话。当我回到楼下时，我爸爸打电话让我马上下楼。)”可知，通过躲在地下室救了他自己和他的妹妹，故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“When I got back downstairs my dad called and told me to get downstairs immediately.(当我回到楼下时，我爸爸打电话让我马上下楼。)”可知，本的父亲打电话给本时是很着急的，故选A。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。划线句子“Then through the basement windows, the only thing I could see was lightning.”的意思是“然后透过地下室的窗户，我唯一能看到的就是闪电”，由此可推知，外面肯定是黑了，故选A。 4. 【答案】24．C 25．A 26．B 27．D 【知识点】记叙文、健康饮食 【分析】拉克希米负责一个改善印度人饮食营养的项目，她没有照搬西方人的建议，而是调整了她的营养计划，来适应印度人的实际情况。经过不断的努力，她的做法才逐步被人们接收，并被认为是正确的。 24．细节理解题。根据题干中的useless在文章寻找信息，结合第三段的But Lakshmi knew this advice was useless in a country such as India. People there didn't eat such foods. They weren't easy to find. And for the poor, such foods were too expensive.可知，欧洲营养学家们的建议在当时的印度是不合实际的。故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句...to look for cheap, easy-to-find foods that would provide the same nutrients.可知，拉克希米之所以研究印度健康的中产阶级的饮食，为的是发现便宜的，易找到的能提供相同营养的食品。故选A。 26．推理判断题。根据最后一段的For example, she insisted that a diet without meat could provide all major nutrients. Now we know she was right.可知，拉克希米经过研究发现，不含肉的饮食也能提供所有主要的营养。这观点当时却不为人所接受，但现在证实她是正确的。故选B。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段的But it took her continuous efforts to get others to finally accept her diet about 50 years ago.可知，拉克希米是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。 5 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个音乐家为了使猴子平静下来而为它们弹钢琴的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When British musician Paul Barton performs in Lopburi lately, his energetic listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music. These behaviors are normal; however, these crowds are truly wild—wild monkeys to be exact, who are Barton’s latest animal fans”（最近当英国音乐家保罗·巴顿在华富里进行表演时，他活力四射的听众反应很疯狂，一些拉着他的头发或者是跳上他的钢琴，其他的则偷走了他的乐谱。这些行为都是正常的；然而这群真的很疯狂的野生猴子却是他最新的动物迷）可知，巴顿在华富里的听众是这些猴子，故选择A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The pianist hopes the music shows bring calmness to the animals”（这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能给动物们带来平静）可知，他演奏音乐是为了让动物们平静下来。故选择B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Barton is happy to find they are curious about him and the piano and enjoy the music as he is playing it.”（ 巴顿很高兴发现这些动物们对他与钢琴感到好奇，并在他演奏时能够享受音乐）可知，巴顿弹奏钢琴的时候，这些动物是好奇的。故选择C项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When British musician Paul Barton performs in Lopburi lately, his energetic listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music. These behaviors are normal; however, these crowds are truly wild—wild monkeys to be exact, who are Barton’s latest animal fans”（最近当英国音乐家保罗·巴顿在华富里进行表演时，他活力四射的听众反应很疯狂，一些拉着他的头发或者是跳上他的钢琴，其他的则偷走了他的乐谱。这些行为都是正常的；然而这群真的很疯狂的野生猴子却是他最新的动物迷）本文全文都是围绕着巴顿给猴子们弹奏钢琴展开的，所以B项（为动物举办特别的音乐会），符合题意，故选择B项。 6 作者通过自己的经历来说明，我们必须从今天开始让女孩参与进来，鼓励她们探索技术和科学。这不仅是个人利益，也是集体利益。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When I was a child, I was often asked at school who my role model was, the person that you admire and inspires you.(当我还是个孩子的时候，在学校里经常有人问我，我的榜样是谁，你崇拜的人，激励你的人)”以及第二段中“It was always difficult for me to choose a single person as a role model, because I liked different things from different people. Based on the people that I admired and inspired me, I managed to create a custom role model in my mind.(对我来说，选择一个人作为榜样总是很困难的，因为我喜欢不同人的不同东西。以我崇拜和激励我的人为基础，我在脑海中创造了一个自定义的榜样)”可知，作者在童年时设法想象自己有一个特别的榜样。故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“For years there has been a constant struggle to achieve gender equality, and when I decided to study at my university I leaned towards engineering because I wanted a challenge in my life, both intellectually and culturally. Back then, only 10% of the students were women. This certainly did not stop me. On the contrary, it was a determining factor for me to prove myself that I could handle something that was “not expected” for women.(多年来，人们一直在为实现性别平等而斗争，当我决定在大学学习时，我倾向于选择工程学，因为我想在生活中面临挑战，无论是在智力上还是在文化上。当时，只有10%的学生是女性。这当然没有阻止我。相反，这是一个决定性因素，让我证明自己，我可以处理一些女性“不期望”的事情)”可知，当时，工程学的学生中只有10%的学生是女性。可推知，作者通过学习工程学想要证明可以处理一些女性“不期望”的事情，也即是女性也适合技术职业。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“It was complicated and I had to go through uncomfortable situations, but pursuing a technical career brought me many benefits, such as developing systematic thinking.(这很复杂，我不得不经历一些不舒服的情况，但从事技术职业给我带来了很多好处，比如培养了系统思维)”可知，作者举系统思维的例子是为了强调技术职业的好处，故选A项。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“When girls decide to pursue a technical career, they not only benefit themselves, but also help break the stereotypes in their environment. They become agents of change capable of modifying existing structures.(当女孩决定从事技术职业时，她们不仅受益于自己，也有助于打破她们所处环境中的刻板印象。他们成为变革的推动者，能够改变现有的结构)”以及最后一段中“It is like sowing seeds for the future. If we want a fairer world where women and men can decide on our future, we have to involve girls starting today, encouraging them to explore technology and science. Sow a seed and in the future it will give you a tree with many fruits. This is not only an individual benefit but a collective one.(这就像为未来播下种子。如果我们想要一个更公平的世界，让女性和男性可以决定我们的未来，我们必须从今天开始让女孩参与进来，鼓励她们探索技术和科学。播下一颗种子，将来它会给你一棵结满果实的树。这不仅是个人利益，也是集体利益)”可知，作者从个人和社会两方面说明女性探索科学和技术的好处，所以是鼓励女孩们去探索科学和技术。故选B项。 7 本文是一篇记叙文。作者以自己遭遇交通事故受伤以及 Eyjafjallajokull 火山和 Eldfell 火山爆发的事为例来告诉我们，当不幸的事情发生之后，我们可以充分利用既定情况，想办法把"不幸"变为"好事"。 4.D［考查细节理解]。根据第一段中的" One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine . The next mo - ment , metal , flesh and bones were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash . Another cyelist , biking carelessly , had cut me off and sent me toward oncoming traffic "可知，那天作者在骑自行车的时候受了重伤。故 D 选项正确。 5.D［考查细节理解]。根据第二段中的" Economies all over the world were disrupted . This was the eruption of Eyjafjallaj ö kull , one of Iceland ' s many volcanoes " T ,#界各地的经济都受到了影响，这是冰岛众多火山之一 Eyjafjallajokull 火山爆发造成的后果。故 D 选项正确。 6.D［考查推理判断]。根据倒数第二段中的" In 1973, an - other Icelandic volcano , Eldfell , broke out . Icelanders de - cided to bomb it with cold water ... After their plan worked , they used the geothermal （地热的） energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes "可知，冰岛人在 El - dfell 火山爆发后，充分利用其产生的地热能源在接下来的15年里供家庭取暖。由此可以推知，作者提到 Eldfell 火山爆发一事的目的是告诉我们要充分利用既定情况。故 D 选项正确。 7.B［考查主旨大意]。通读全文可知，作者以自己遭遇交通事故受伤以及 Eyjafjallajokull 火山和 Eldfell 火山爆发的事为例来告诉我们，当不幸的事情发生之后，我们可以充分利用既定情况，想办法把"不幸"变为"好事"。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是如何从"不幸"中得到启发。故 B 选项正确。 8 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了飞机上一个头等舱的陌生乘客主动与经济舱的一位带有患病婴儿的乘客Zwick交换座位，以便为其提供舒适方便的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Just at that time, a first-class passenger noticed them and wanted to offer his seat, hoping it would provide more comfort for them. On hearing that, Zwick was moved to tears by the gesture.(就在这时，一位头等舱乘客注意到了他们，想让座给他们，希望能让他们更舒服。听到这个，兹威克被这个姿态感动得流下了眼泪)”可知，一个头等舱的乘客主动提出跟Zwick换座位，这让Zwick非常感动。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“However, upon landing, Zwick was unable to find the man, as they lost each other in the crowd. Determined to thank him appropriately, she detailed the encounter, from the struggles of traveling with a baby and medical equipment to the heartfelt exchange with the stranger. (然而，着陆后，兹威克无法找到这个人，因为他们在人群中失去了彼此。为了适当地感谢他，她详细描述了这次相遇，从带着婴儿和医疗设备旅行的挣扎，到与陌生人的真诚交流)”可知，兹维克想找那个男人来表达她的感激之情。故选B。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文的内容及下文的“In an interview, Kunselman humbly shared his perspective, stressing the importance of kindness.(在一次采访中，Kunselman谦虚地分享了他的观点，强调了善良的重要性)””可知，划线词意为“捐赠者，恩人”，与A项同义。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“This encounter between Zwick and Kunselman serves as a powerful reminder of the impact a simple act of kindness can have. It’s a call to action for all of us to be more observant and considerate of those around us.(兹威克和昆塞尔曼的相遇有力地提醒了我们，一个简单的善举也能产生巨大的影响。这是对我们所有人的行动呼吁，让我们更加观察和体谅我们周围的人)”可推知，Zwick的故事告诉我们，善举总是从我们的体贴开始的。故选D。 9 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了九岁男孩Joseph和爸爸一起做体育节目。Joseph喜欢这个节目，已经做了50个节目，采访了重要的体育人物和作家。Joseph觉得准备节目比做作业更有趣。他们会一直做下去，直到爸爸变白头发。这个故事展示了Joseph实现了与爸爸一起讨论体育的梦想。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The 9-year-old from Newington, Connecticut is a natural at sports talk and has been broadcasting the show—which is about baseball, basketball and other sports—with his dad, Mike D’Avirro, since September 2019.( 这位来自康涅狄格州纽因顿的9岁男孩天生擅长体育谈话，自2019年9月以来，他一直在和父亲Mike D’Avirro一起播报这个关于棒球、篮球和其他运动的节目)”可知， Joseph的节目是一个关于运动的体育谈话节目。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The D’Avirro started the broadcast after two former college roommates of Mike died, which made Mike want to spend more time with his son.(在迈克的两个大学前室友去世后，D ’Avirro开始播报，这让迈克想花更多的时间和儿子在一起)”可知，大学室友的去世激发了Mike与儿子一起做节目。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Joseph asks half of the questions, and Mike handles the other half. Joseph reads his questions again and again to get them in his brain well. It is a lot of work, but Joseph says it is “a lot more fun than homework”.( Joseph问一半的问题，Mike处理另一半。Joseph一遍又一遍地读他的问题，把它们牢牢记在脑子里。这是一项繁重的工作，但Joseph说这“比家庭作业有趣得多”)”可知，对于在谈话节目中要处理的问题，Joseph认为这比家庭作业更有趣。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，九岁男孩Joseph和爸爸一起做体育节目。Joseph喜欢这个节目，已经做了50个节目，采访了重要的体育人物和作家。Joseph觉得准备节目比做作业更有趣。他们会一直做下去，直到爸爸变白头发。这个故事展示了Joseph实现了与爸爸一起讨论体育的梦想。C选项“The father-and-son team hosts(父子组合担任主持人)”概括文章主要内容，符合标题。故选C。 10 1．D    2．B    3．C    4．A 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要讲述了作者最初跑步时是为了让别人高兴，不辜负他们的期望，后来发现，跑步应该享受运动带来的快乐，该为自己而生活，而不是为了愉悦他人。 1．推理判断题。 根据文章第一段“William Purkey, a well-known professor of education, once said, "Dance like no one is watching, love like you'll never be hurt, sing like no one is listening, and live like it's heaven on earth. ” William Purkey，一位著名的教育学教授，曾经说过：“跳舞，就像没有人在观看；恋爱，就像你永远不会受到伤害；唱歌，就像没有人在聆听；生活，就像这里是人间天堂。”本文开篇引用了一个名人的名言，来引出文章话题，结合选项，故选D。 2．细节理解题。 根据文章第二段“In my early days, when I weighed 240 pounds, I ran like everyone was watching---and judging… And I didn't know if the expensive shoes I was wearing were the right kind for me---I just wanted to look like I fit in with this group.” 之前，当我体重240磅的时候，我跑步的时候就像每个人都在看着我——也在评判我。如果我跑着看到一辆车开过来，我会停下来假装自己在找丢的东西。我买了高科技的装备和衣服，我想让人们相信我是一个跑步者。我不知道我穿的那双昂贵的鞋子是否适合我——我只是想让自己看起来和这个群体合拍。由此可知，作者很在乎别人对自己的看法，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“No one was cheering for me. no one probably even noticed that I was finishing. ” 没有人为我欢呼。可能都没人注意到我已经完成了，由此可知，最后没有人真正关心作者的跑步，故选C。 4．推理判断题。 根据倒数第二段“I ran to make other people happy, ran to live up to their expectations. But no one was watching---no cared. So I decided I was going to run for me---just me---and gained a new enjoyment from the sport I hadn't truly experienced yet. ” 我跑步是为了让别人高兴，为了不辜负他们的期望。但是没有人在看——也没有人在意。所以我决定为自己而跑——只有我自己——并从这项运动中获得了一种新的乐趣，我从未真正体验过。由此可知，文章主要讲述了作者最初跑步时是为了让别人高兴，不辜负他们的期望，后来发现，跑步应该享受运动带来的快乐，该为自己而生活，不是愉悦他人。由此推断作者写这篇文章就是要告诉我们过自己的生活，故选A。 【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作意图等。以推断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含infer（推断），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断，得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。如小题4，根据倒数第二段“I ran to make other people happy, ran to live up to their expectations. But no one was watching---no cared. So I decided I was going to run for me---just me---and gained a new enjoyment from the sport I hadn't truly experienced yet. ” 我奔跑是为了给别人带来快乐，奔跑是为了不辜负他们的期望。但是没有人在看——也没有人在意。所以我决定为自己而跑——只有我自己——并从这项运动中获得了一种新的乐趣，我从未真正体验过。由此可知文章主要讲述了作者最初跑步时是为了让别人快乐，不辜负他们的期望，后来发现，跑步应该享受运动带来的快乐，该为自己而生活，不是愉悦他人。由此推断作者写这篇文章就是要告诉我们过自己的生活，故选A。 11. 5．A    6．B    7．A    8．D 【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了布里斯托大学一名清洁工，因积极的人生态度深受学生喜爱，学生们自发筹钱让他回牙买加度假并与家人团聚的故事。 5．细节理解题。本题要求从四个形容词中选出一个最恰当的来描述Herman Gordan当时的反应，A. grateful感激的；B. stressed紧张的，有压力的；C. delighted高兴的，令人愉悦的；D. astonished吃惊的，震惊的。文中第一、二段都提到他流眼泪（如burst into tears），但难以直接作出判断，需结合第二段他所说的话：Gordan said: “I want to thank every one of you and God bless every one of you.”（我想要感谢你们每一个人，上帝保佑你们每一个人），可知他对此十分感激，故选A。 6．词义猜测题。定位该词所在原文“The Jamaican cleaner in the biomedical library is the jolliest man I have ever met; he makes me smile even when I’m in the deepest depths of sorrow, if you want a reason to smile, go talk to him for a minute or two.”引文说他是见过的 “jolliest”的人，根据后面的描述，当我处于极度悲伤的状态时，他都能使我微笑；如果你想要一个生活值得微笑的理由，去和他聊聊就行了。微笑（smile）是这里的关键词。A. most miserable最悲惨痛苦的；B. most cheerful最快乐达观的；C. most generous最慷慨大方的；D. most glorious最光荣辉煌的。与微笑（smile）最契合的应是快乐达观，故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据原文第四段“But most importantly, his everlasting positive attitude has managed to turn many students’ dark days into positive ones filled with joy,”（但最重要的是，他一以贯之的积极生活态度已经设法帮助很多处于最灰暗状态中的学生转变，重新拥有了快乐、积极的生活）以及“Whether you’re just feeling generally down or stressed out due to exams, Herman is always there to encourage you.”（无论你是单纯的心情失落，还是考试压力过大，Herman都在那鼓励你），由此推断出Herman对学生帮助最大的方面应该是建立自信，故选A。 8．主旨大意题。根据原文第二段第一句的提示“Herman Gordon, who has worked at Bristol University for more than a decade, is described as “one of the most loved” members of its cleaning staff.”可知，他是最受学生喜爱的清洁工之一，原文主要围绕“最受学生喜爱”这个点展开，讲述了他的积极乐观给学生带来的帮助，happiness、positive和smile等词在文中各段不断出现，结尾还以happiness作结升华。因此文章的主旨不是“一个生物医学图书馆清洁工”，也不是“热心的学生”或是“筹钱让他度假”的事情本身，而是“最受学生喜爱的清洁工”及衍生开去的故事，故选D。 12. 9．C    10．B    11．D    12．A 【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者偶尔看到一篇文章，让作者思考最珍贵的财产是什么。作者选择了五个物品，觉得它们是最珍贵的财产，认为最珍贵的财产应该扎根于每个人的生活和家族生活历史中。 9． 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Looking through a magazine in a waiting room recently, I came across an article with the title‘My top five most precious possessions’. It was just a few lines of text with pictures, but it caught my imagination.（我在候车室翻阅一本杂志，看到一篇题为“我最珍贵的五件物品”的文章。虽然只有几行文字和图片，但却激发了我的想象力。）”可知，是杂志上的一篇文章让作者产生了写这篇文章的想法。故选C。 10． 推理判断题。文章第四段中提到“An old cardboard box filled with my children’s baby photos.（一个旧纸板箱，里面装满了我的孩子们小时候的照片。）”根据my children’s baby photos可知，作者是几个孩子的母亲。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“She was a botanist in a time when it was relatively unusual for women to be qualified in this field and I think she was probably a remarkable and very interesting woman.(她是一名植物学家，在这个时期，女性在这一领域的资格相对不寻常，我认为她可能是一个了不起和非常有趣的女人)”可知，作者认为祖母是是一位非凡而有趣的女性是因为她的祖母是一位植物学家，而在那个时候，女性在这一领域具备这一资格是很不寻常的。故选D。 12． 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“It’s interesting how inanimate (无生命的) objects can take on such significance and become woven into a person’s, and sometimes a whole family’s life history.(有趣的是，无生命物体如何能够承担这样的意义，并编织成一个人的，有时是一个整个家庭的生活历史。)” 可知，在作者看来，被认为是最宝贵的东西应该是具有重要的意义，并且深深扎根一个人的生活，有时甚至扎根于整个家族的生活历史。故选A。 13 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者以自己遭遇交通事故受伤以及Eyjafjallajökull火山和Eldfell火山爆发的事为例来告诉我们，当不幸的事情发生之后，我们可以充分利用既定情况，想办法把“不幸”变为“好事”。 24．答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“One moment I was joyfully riding though the sunshine. The next moment, metal, flesh and bones were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash. Another cyclist, biking carelessly, had cut me off and sent me toward oncoming traffic”可知，那天作者在骑自行车的时候受了重伤。故D选项正确。 25．答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Economies all over the world were disrupted. This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, one of Iceland's many volcanoes”可知，世界各地的经济都受到了影响，这是冰岛众多火山之一Eyjafjallajökull火山爆发造成的后果。故D选项正确。 26．答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“In 1973, another Icelandic volcano, Eldfell, broke out. Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water...After their plan worked, they used the geothermal(地热的)energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes”可知，冰岛人在Eldfell火山爆发后，充分利用其产生的地热能源在接下来的15年里供家庭取暖。由此可以推知，作者提到Eldfell火山爆发一事的目的是告诉我们要充分利用既定情况。故D选项正确。 27．答案与解析：B　考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，作者以自己遭遇交通事故受伤以及Eyjafjallajökull火山和Eldfell火山爆发的事为例来告诉我们，当不幸的事情发生之后，我们可以充分利用既定情况，想办法把“不幸”变为“好事”。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是如何从“不幸”中得到启发。故B选项正确。 14 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，作者在做学校鼓乐队队长的时候，不但付出了巨大的努力，而且勇敢地发表自己的看法，不但使自己更强、更自信，而且带领其他人变得更好。 28．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由第二段第一句When I was in high school, I grew tired of the same routine daily, and wanted to be given a challenge.可知作者厌倦了日复一日重复相同的事情，想要寻求挑战，所以A项正确。 29．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。由第三段第三句中的all jaws were dropped(大家都目瞪口呆了)和第四句中的Even I was surprised可知当时人们的普遍反应是惊讶，所以A项正确。 30．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由第二段最后一句So I watched many videos on how to act better, though I couldn't do it very well.可知作者非常努力，由最后一段第一句中的I became known as one full of confidence in any situation可知作者充满自信，故D项正确。 31．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。文章第一段首句I believe that having a voice in something you put effort into will build you into a stronger person.点题，指出对于自己付出努力的事情敢于发表意见会使人更加强大，最后一段重申敢于发声使自己和自己所带领的人更加强大，故B项正确。 15 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。尼古拉斯·乔里耶是一名风筝航拍摄影师，文章对他的职业内容和经历进行了介绍。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“As a teenager, Nicholas had two passions — photography and kite flying.(十几岁的时候，尼古拉斯有两大爱好——摄影和放风筝。)”可知，尼古拉斯的爱好是摄影和放风筝。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第一段倒第二句“Nicholas learnt to make strong kites modeled on the Japanese kites, Rokkaku that could stand high winds.(尼古拉斯学会了仿照日本风筝制作坚固的风筝，六阁风筝可以承受大风。)”可知，Rokkaku是一种风筝。故选C。 3. 词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“Once, his kite disappeared in the Yamuna River, with his expensive camera following it.(有一次，他的风筝在亚穆纳河消失了，他那昂贵的相机也跟着消失了。)”可知，此处是指这项工作也有风险，pitfalls意为“风险”。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段前两句“Today he is one of the most well-known kite aerial photographers in the world. The technique is to tie a basket containing the photography equipment to the string of the kite and then fly it, thus launching the camera into air.(如今，他是世界上最著名的风筝航拍摄影师之一。该技术是将装有摄影设备的篮子系在风筝的绳子上，然后放飞风筝，从而将相机放飞到空中。)”和最后一段最后一句“Though it includes photographs of “No Photo” sites like the Taj Mahal, it shows them from a totally different perspective.(虽然它包含了泰姬陵等“无照片”景点的照片，但它从一个完全不同的角度展示了它们。)”可知，尼古拉斯对摄影技术进行了创新，拍摄角度也很有创造性。故选A。 16 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。尼古拉斯·乔里耶是一名风筝航拍摄影师，文章对他的职业内容和经历进行了介绍。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“During a trip to India to make a photo report on kite making, he learnt about this unique style of photography.(在一次去印度制作风筝的摄影报道中，他了解了这种独特的摄影风格。)”可知，尼古拉斯·乔里耶去印度是为了制作一份关于风筝制作的照片报道。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Nicolas learnt to make strong kites modelled on Rokkaku, a kite that could stand high winds. (尼古拉斯学会了仿照Rokkaku制作结实的风筝，这种风筝可以承受大风。)”可知，Rokkaku是一种风筝。故选A。 3. 词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“Once, his kite disappeared in the Yamuna River, with his expensive camera following it.(有一次，他的风筝在亚穆纳河消失了，他那昂贵的相机也跟着消失了。)”可知，“However, the job does have its pitfalls, too.(然而，这份工作也有它的pitfalls。)”中的pitfalls意为“风险”，与risks意思相近。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“As a teenager, Nicolas had two passions — photography and kite flying. During a trip to India to make a photo report on kite making, he learnt about this unique style of photography. Fascinated, he literally tied his two hobbies together for a living.(十几岁的时候，尼古拉斯有两大爱好——摄影和放风筝。在一次去印度制作风筝的摄影报道中，他了解了这种独特的摄影风格。他被迷住了，他把自己的两个爱好结合在一起谋生。)”、第二段“Today he is one of the most well-known kite aerial photographers in the world. The technique is to tie a basket containing the photography equipment to the string of the kite and then fly it, thus launching the camera into air.(如今，他是世界上最著名的风筝航拍摄影师之一。该技术是将装有摄影设备的篮子系在风筝的绳子上，然后放飞风筝，从而将相机放飞到空中。)”和最后一段最后一句“Though it includes photographs of No Photo”sites like the Taj Mahal, it shows them from a totally different perspective.(虽然它包含了泰姬陵等‘无照片’景点的照片，但它从一个完全不同的角度展示了它们。)”可知，Nicolas Chorier将他的两个爱好——摄影和放风筝结合起来，成为一名著名的风筝航空摄影师，而且尼古拉斯对摄影技术进行了创新，拍摄角度也很有创造性；由此可知，Nicolas具有创新和创造性。故选D。 17 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是人物传记。文章主要介绍了西班牙画家Salvador Dali的艺术生涯和代表作之一：《生病的男孩》。 1. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“His paintings are usually surrealistic and hard to understand, but once understood, they convey their message so fluently and beautifully.(他的画通常是超现实主义的，很难理解，但一旦理解，他们传达的信息是如此流畅和美丽。)”可知，Dali作品的主要风格是超现实且难以理解的，所以充满了“复杂和迷惑”。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This is a self-portrait of him in Cadaqués, the coastal town where he used to spend his summers.(这是他在Cadaqués的自画像，他曾经在那里度过夏天。)”可知，这幅画的主题是Dali的自画像。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Similar to the canary, which is imprisoned inside this cage to stay, the boy’s true self is imprisoned inside the body.(就像金丝雀被囚禁在这个笼子里一样，男孩的真实自我也被囚禁在这个身体里。)”可知，作者用关在笼中的金丝雀来象征男孩真实的自我也被禁锢在了这具躯体中。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“During his creative exploration, Dali went deep into various artistic styles, such as impressionism, cloisonne (分格画), and cubism (立体画), before eventually venturing into surrealism. It was in this period that he created one of his famous paintings, Sick Boy—Pointillism (点彩派).(在他的创作探索中，达利深入到各种艺术风格，如印象派、景泰蓝和立体主义，最后冒险进入超现实主义。正是在这个时期，他创作了他的著名画作之一，Sick Boy-点彩派。)”可知，Dali不墨守成规，富有创造力，而且一直在探索各种艺术风格，最终以其超现实主义的作品而闻名于世，因此可用unconventional和creative来描述Salvador Dali。故选D。 18 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。艺术家维克托·所罗门利用日本古老的金缮修复工艺，将破旧的篮球场改造成了艺术品。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句话“Using the Japanese craft of kintsugi, an ancient method of repairing pottery with gold, Solomon filled in the cracks of a run-down basketball court in South Los Angeles.(所罗门使用日本的金缮修复工艺，一种用黄金修复陶器的古老方法，填补了南洛杉矶一个破旧篮球场的裂缝。)”可知，日本的金缮修复工艺启发了Solomon修补篮球场的裂缝的方式。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Over the past five years, basketball courts, some previously in disrepair or disuse, have been frequent canvases for public art. The work, from famous creators like Solomon as well as nonprofit organizations and art collectives, uses the courts to comment on the interconnected dynamics of race, class, and changing communities.(在过去的五年里，篮球场（有些以前年久失修或废弃）经常成为公共艺术的画布。这幅作品来自所罗门等著名创作者以及非营利组织和艺术集体，利用篮球场来评论种族、阶级和不断变化的社区的相互关联的动态。)”可知，所罗门（Solomon）等名人创作者以及非营利组织和艺术团体，利用废弃的篮球场来改造成艺术品。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Artists say they’re drawn to basketball as inspiration because of the game itself—a sport described as a universally accessible, race-indifferent platform.(艺术家们表示，他们之所以被篮球作为灵感来源，是因为这项运动本身——这项运动被描述为一个普遍可及的、与种族无关的平台。)”可知，艺术家们说，他们被篮球吸引并把它作为灵感来源，是因为这项运动被描述为一个普遍普及、不分种族的平台。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第四段的“DanPeterson is founding director of Project Backboard, an organization that changes old basketball courts into eye-catching murals(壁画)that double as durable public recreation spaces.(DanPeterson是Project Backboard的创始董事，该组织将旧的篮球场改造成引人注目的壁画，兼作耐用的公共娱乐空间。)”可知。该组织将旧篮球场翻新成引人注目的壁画，同时作为耐用的公共娱乐空间。故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $