高考阅读理解B篇 记叙文 （三）2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦社会正能量记叙文，通过细节定位、推理推断等方法体系，构建“事件理解-题型突破”的知识逻辑，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |细节理解|8题（每篇2题）|定位原文关键信息，排除干扰选项|事件要素（人物/行为）→原文精准定位→选项匹配| |推理判断|4题（每篇1题）|基于原文信息合理推断，避免过度解读|文本细节→逻辑分析→结论验证| |词义猜测|2题（Passage1/3）|结合上下文语境，分析语义关系|生词上下文→同义/反义线索→词义确定| |主旨标题|1题（Passage2）|概括核心事件，提炼主题思想|事件主线→情感态度→标题提炼|

高考阅读理解B篇 记叙文 话题：青岛小伙路遇居民楼起火，理性协助现场救援 话题：上海外卖骑手送餐途中，舍订单救下遇险孩童 话题：大学生暑期走进老旧小区，帮扶社区空巢老人 话题：芜湖高中生学以致用，放学路上施救发病路人 Passage 1 话题：火灾现场的平民救援力量 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When a residential building fire broke out in a coastal city on a summer early morning, thick black smoke quickly filled the stairways. Before professional fire‑fighting crews arrived, several nearby residents rushed to the spot to offer help. Among them was Li Wei, a community volunteer who had received basic fire‑safety training months earlier. Watching smoke rolling out from broken windows, Li knew rushing blindly into the burning building would put himself in deadly danger. Instead of taking risky actions, he organized other onlookers. Some were sent to block road access for smooth rescue vehicle passage. Others gathered blankets and bed sheets downstairs, preparing possible catching materials for people trapped on high floors. Li kept shouting clear warnings toward the burning unit, reminding the trapped family to stay close to windows and avoid breathing in heavy smoke. When fire engines finally pulled up, Li handed over the on‑site situation he had observed. He told firefighters exactly which room the fire started in and how many people were believed to be stuck inside. His first‑hand information saved precious minutes for the rescue team. Later, the trapped family were safely brought out of the apartment. Li never considered himself a hero. He believed ordinary citizens should know what to do during emergencies. True courage, in his opinion, lies not in reckless bravery but in staying calm and giving practical support. 1. What did Li Wei do before firefighters arrived? A. He rushed directly into the burning flat to save people. B. He organized on‑site onlookers to carry out orderly assistance. C. He successfully pulled the trapped family out of the building. D. He called other volunteers to put out the big fire with water. 2. What material did Li and other on‑lookers collect downstairs? A. Fire‑extinguishing tools B. Blankets and bed sheets C. Medical first‑aid boxes D. Traffic warning signs 3. What can we infer about Li Wei from the text? A. He had learned some basic knowledge about fire safety. B. He once worked as a professional full‑time firefighter. C. He got large rewards from the local government after the fire. D. He thought people should rush into fire scenes without thinking. 4. What does the underlined word “reckless” in the last paragraph mean? A. well‑planned B. fearless and wise C. careless and risky D. highly‑praised Passage 2 话题：外卖骑手的意外救人经历 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As a food delivery rider, Zhang Hao spends most of his working day hurrying through city streets, racing against tight delivery deadlines. One hot summer afternoon, he was on his way to send an order when he heard sharp cries from above. Looking up, he spotted a little boy accidentally trapped on the top of a bus‑station shelter after falling from a tall building nearby. Without hesitation, Zhang parked his electric bike by the road. Ignoring the warning message popping up on his work app about late delivery, he climbed onto the high shelter. The frightened child was shaking and could hardly keep balance. Zhang spoke in a soft voice to calm the kid, slowly moving close and holding him firmly in his arms. He stayed there, waiting patiently until police officers and medical workers reached the spot. After handing the boy over to rescuers, Zhang continued with his unfinished delivery tasks. Several hours later, the boy’s family managed to find him. They came to express sincere thanks and wanted to give him cash as a reward. Zhang politely turned down the money. For him, this was nothing extraordinary. The incident spread quickly on local social media. Many netizens praised the rider for his bravery. Zhang simply said that every citizen would do the same if they saw a child in life‑threatening danger. 1. What was Zhang Hao doing when he heard people’s cries? A. He was having a rest at a bus station. B. He was travelling to finish a food delivery order. C. He was reporting safety risks to local police. D. He was repairing his broken electric bicycle. 2. Why did Zhang ignore the app’s late‑delivery warning? A. He wanted to become famous on social media. B. The delivery deadline had already passed for days. C. He gave priority to saving the trapped little boy. D. He intended to give up his delivery job completely. 3. What can we infer from the passage? A. Zhang accepted cash reward offered by the boy’s family. B. Zhang’s rescue action drew wide public attention online. C. Zhang used to receive special professional rescue training. D. Zhang refused to continue delivering food after the accident. 4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. A delivery rider’s unexpected act of kindness B. Dangers for children living in high‑rise apartments C. Popular social media stories about city traffic D. Strict rules for food‑delivery platform workers Passage 3 话题：社区旧楼的暑期志愿维修小队 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Many old residential communities in downtown areas have aging public facilities. During this summer vacation, a small volunteer team made up of several college students chose to serve in one such old neighborhood. Most residents here are elderly people whose children work far away in other cities. Broken corridor lights, loose handrails and blocked rubbish chutes troubled them for a long time. At first, some old residents doubted whether these young students could handle practical repair work. To gain trust, the volunteers visited door to door, recording different kinds of daily troubles. They consulted online materials and watched teaching videos, and invited retired factory workers in the community to give them practical guidance. Step by step, they fixed broken lights, tightened unsafe handrails and cleared waste channels. Apart from repair work, the team also offered extra help. They helped elderly neighbors adjust mobile‑phone settings, remind them of summer fire‑safety tips and carry heavy daily goods upstairs. Gradually, cold doubts turned into warm appreciation. Local elders often brought homemade snacks to these young volunteers. When the summer holiday was drawing to an end, the team organized a suggestion‑collection board for future community improvement. They believed youth volunteer work was not just one‑time kindness, but a way to connect different generations within the city. 1. Who are the main residents of this old community? A. Young college students studying nearby B. Most elderly people with children working elsewhere C. Retired professional community repair workers D. Migrant workers renting cheap downtown apartments 2. What measure did the volunteers take to win local residents’ trust? A. They donated large amounts of money for community rebuilding. B. They invited government officials to visit the old neighborhood. C. They did door‑to‑door visits and learned practical repair skills. D. They forced residents to accept their volunteer service. 3. What can we infer about the volunteer team from paragraph 3? A. Their service included more tasks than simple facility repairs. B. They received much money from local elderly residents. C. All community problems were solved completely within one week. D. Every old resident refused to accept help from young students. 4. What does the underlined word “chute” in paragraph 1 mean? A. a passage for throwing away waste B. a tool for repairing broken lights C. a shelter for homeless senior citizens D. a sign for summer safety warnings Passage 4 话题：高中生路遇突发疾病出手施救 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Li Jia, a senior high school student, had learned first‑aid knowledge at school’s health courses, yet she never expected to use such skills in real‑life situations. One evening after self‑study classes, she was walking home along a city sidewalk when she saw a middle‑aged man fall down all of a sudden. He lost consciousness and could hardly breathe. His wife stood beside him, crying helplessly and shouting for help. Other passers‑by stopped and watched, but few dared to offer direct help for fear of making mistakes. Li Jia stepped forward without hesitation. She asked the anxious woman to call emergency services immediately. Following what she had learned in class, she checked the man’s breathing and adjusted his body position to keep his airway unblocked. She stayed by his side, keeping observing his condition until the ambulance rushed to the scene. Thanks to timely first‑aid measures, the man regained slight signs of life before medical workers arrived. Hospital doctors later said those several minutes of proper treatment raised the patient’s chances of survival greatly. Li Jia did not feel like a hero. She thought every teenager should master basic first‑aid skills. Knowledge learned in classrooms, she realized, was not only for examinations. It could become powerful force to save real lives in the outside world. 1. Where did Li Jia pick up first‑aid knowledge? A. From online medical live‑stream videos B. From health courses given at her high school C. From professional doctors in local hospitals D. From her parents’ daily family education 2. What did Li Jia require the man’s wife to do at once? A. To move the sick man to the nearest hospital on foot B. To search for useful medicine inside their bag C. To make an urgent phone call for emergency help D. To comfort other frightened passers‑by on the street 3. What can we infer from the text? A. Some passers‑by hesitated to give help for worry about risks. B. Li Jia had saved many sick people before this accident. C. The man fully recovered immediately after first‑aid treatment. D. Schools never teach students any practical life‑saving skills. 4. Which is the main theme of the passage? A. Classroom knowledge can serve real‑life emergencies. B. Different kinds of dangerous diseases among middle‑aged adults. C. Reasons why people refuse to offer help to strangers. D. How high‑school students prepare for important final exams. 参考答案与详细解析 Passage 1 答案：1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 1. B 细节理解。定位第二段he organized other onlookers，消防员抵达之前，李伟组织围观群众开展有序协助。 A：直接冲进着火楼房救人，原文明确不盲目冲入； C：把被困一家人救出楼房，是消防员完成救援； D：用水扑灭大火，文中没有该行为。 2. B 细节理解。定位第二段Others gathered blankets and bed sheets downstairs，大家在楼下收集毯子与床单。 A灭火工具、C急救箱、D交通警示标识，原文均不是此处收集物品。 3. A 推理判断。定位第一段a community volunteer who had received basic fire‑safety training months earlier，他学习过基础消防安全知识。 B：曾经是全职职业消防员，原文无依据； C：事后获得政府大额奖金，文中没有提及； D：认为人们应当不假思索冲进火场，和末段观点相反。 4. C 词义猜测。reckless修饰bravery；后文讲真正勇气不是鲁莽冒险，而是冷静务实。careless and risky鲁莽冒险的；A周密计划的；B无畏睿智的；D高度赞扬的。A/B/D不符合语境。 Passage 2 答案：1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 1. B 细节理解。定位第二段he was on his way to send an order，听见呼救时，他正在去送外卖订单的路上。 A：在公交站休息；C：向警方上报安全隐患；D：修理损坏电动车，均与原文不符。 2. C 细节理解。定位第二段，他无视平台超时提醒，优先救助被困小男孩。 A：想要在社交媒体出名，原文救人后无意张扬； B：订单已经逾期好几天，文中没有； D：打算彻底放弃外卖工作，无中生有。 3. B 推理判断。定位第四段The incident spread quickly on local social media，他的救人行为在网络获得广泛关注。 A：接受男孩家人给的现金酬谢，原文turned down拒绝； C：接受过专业救援培训，文中未提到； D：事件之后不再送外卖，和原文continued with his unfinished delivery tasks相反。 4. A 主旨标题。全文讲述外卖骑手一次意外的善举救人故事。 B高楼住户孩子的危险，只是故事引子，不是主旨； C社交媒体城市故事；D外卖平台严苛规定，偏离核心人物事件。 Passage 3 答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 1. B 细节理解。定位第一段Most residents here are elderly people whose children work far away in other cities，社区主要居民是子女在外务工的老年人。 A附近大学生；C退休维修工人；D外来务工租房人员，均不是主体居民。 2. C 细节理解。定位第二段the volunteers visited door to door…invited retired factory workers in the community to give them practical guidance，志愿者挨家走访，同时学习实操维修技能，以此获取居民信任。 A捐赠大量资金重建社区，文中没有捐款； B邀请政府官员到访，无中生有； D强迫居民接受志愿服务，与原文事实相反。 3. A 推理判断。定位第三段Apart from repair work, the team also offered extra help，志愿小队的服务不局限于设施维修，还有更多便民服务。 B从老人手里收到很多钱，原文老人送自制小吃，不是金钱； C一周彻底解决全部社区问题，表述绝对； D每位老人都拒绝学生帮助，和原文warm appreciation相反。 4. A 词义猜测。rubbish chute，上下文blocked rubbish chutes，指用来丢弃垃圾的通道；a passage for throwing away waste垃圾投放通道。B修灯工具；C老人庇护所；D夏季安全警示牌，均不匹配。 Passage 4 答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 1. B 细节理解。定位第一段had learned first‑aid knowledge at school’s health courses，李佳从高中开设的健康课程学到急救知识。 A网络医疗直播；C医院专业医生；D父母家庭教育，均不是知识来源。 2. C 细节理解。定位第二段She asked the anxious woman to call emergency services immediately，她要求男子妻子立刻拨打急救电话求救。 A步行把病人抬去医院；B翻包找药品；C安抚围观路人，都不是当时下达的指令。 3. A 推理判断。定位第二段Other passers‑by stopped and watched, but few dared to offer direct help for fear of making mistakes，部分路人因为担心风险犹豫不敢上前施救。 B在此之前已经救过很多人，文中无记录； C急救之后病人立刻完全康复，原文只是提升生存概率； D学校从来不教授实用求生技能，与原文事实相悖。 4. A 主旨大意。全文讲述学生运用课堂学到的急救知识处理现实紧急险情。 B中年人群各类疾病，只是故事背景； C路人拒绝帮助陌生人的原因，只是局部细节； D高中生如何备考期末考试，完全偏离主题。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $