精品解析：山东省临沂市某校2026-2027学年高三上学期第一次考试英语试题

高三上学期第一阶段测试 英语 （试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does Linda love most about Chongqing? A. The food. B. The people. C. The landscape. 2. Where does Jason’s mother come from? A. Spain. B. Mexico. C. America. 3. What makes the woman choose the zoo? A. Its size. B. Its location. C. Its design. 4. What does the woman think of the man’s deed? A. Stupid. B. Great. C. Confusing. 5. How would the woman like to watch movies? A. At the cinema. B. On the computer. C. On the smartphone. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is Karen’s favorite leisure time activity? A. Gardening. B. Reading books. C. Collecting stamps. 7. How many stamps has the man collected? A. 100. B. 150. C. 200. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How old should a child be to go to the camp? A. At least 3 years old. B. At least 9 years old. C. At least 19 years old. 9. What do older children mainly learn in the class? A. Basic dance skills. B. Different styles of dance. C. Challenging ballet movements. 10. What will the speakers do next? A. Book a class online. B. Find out the camp’s price. C. Tell Amy about the camp. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did Guy Parker-Rees do for the book? A. He wrote the story. B. He financed it. C. He drew its paintings. 12. What did John decide to do after reading the book? A. Learn to admire others. B. Keep learning new things. C. Appreciate his own strengths. 13. Where did John get the book? A. From a bookstore. B. From a library. C. From a friend. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What record does Zuriel Oduwole hold? A. The filmmaker of making the most films. B. The most famous filmmaker at the moment. C. The youngest filmmaker in the film industry ever. 15. Why did Zuriel Oduwole make films? A. To make some money. B. To draw attention to African lives. C. To promote education for African girls. 16. What does the woman say about Zuriel Oduwole? A. She is brave. B. She is inspiring. C. She is confident. 17. Who is most probably the woman? A. An athlete. B. A coach. C. An actress. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s opinion on learning after leaving school? A. It’s popular. B. It’s important. C. It’s challenging. 19. What does the speaker love doing most? A. Traveling to new places. B. Joining peer groups. C. Reading books. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to get a better tutor. B. How to develop new hobbies. C. How to become a lifelong learner. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are tons of physics textbooks available around the world. Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics This book is a collection of online teachings by Professor R. Shankar. Shankar is one of the first to be involved in the innovative Open Yale Courses program. It is a perfect introduction to college-level physics. Students of chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this book helpful. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering This book helps students to read scientific data, answer scientific questions, and identify fundamental concepts. The new and improved 10th edition features multi-media resources, and questions to test students’ understanding of each concept. The Feynman Lectures on Physics Richard Feynman is regarded as one of the greatest teachers of physics to walk the face of the earth. This book is a collection of Feynman’s lectures. In his words, these lectures all began as an experiment, which, in turn, formed the basis of this book. University Physics with Modern Physics The book is recognized for teaching and applying principles of physics through a narrative (叙事的) method. To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding. 1. What do the first two books have in common? A. They are improved editions. B. They are written by professors. C. They favor students of engineering. D. They feature multi-media resources. 2. Which book best suits students who enjoy learning physics through practical examples? A. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics. B. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering. C. The Feynman Lectures on Physics. D. University Physics with Modern Physics. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An online article. B. A research paper. C. A physics textbook. D. A science journal. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本物理学入门教科书，这些书用简单的语言介绍了物理学。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“It is a perfect introduction to college-level physics. Students of chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this book helpful.(这是大学物理的完美入门。化学、工程和AP物理专业的学生会发现这本书很有帮助。)”可知，Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics这本书适合化学、工程学和AP物理学专业的学生，再由文章第三段“This book helps students to read scientific data, answer scientific questions, and identify fundamental concepts. (这本书帮助学生阅读科学数据，回答科学问题，并确定基本概念。)”可知，Physics for Students of Science and Engineering这本书能帮助学生阅读科学数据、回答科学问题并确定基本概念，且此书的名字也提及了工程学专业，故这两本书都适合工程学专业的学生阅读。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding.(为了确保更好地理解和应用这些概念，提供了工作示例，为学生提供了培养解决问题的能力和概念理解的工具。)”可知，University Physics with Modern Physics这本书最适合喜欢通过实际例子学习物理的学生。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language.(根据我们的网络研究，以下是我们用简单实用的语言介绍物理学的四大精选。)”并分析文章的语言和内容结构可知，这篇文章可能是一篇在线文章（类似于网络文章或博客帖子）。故选A项。 B College students around the world have recently developed products and designs for a chance to win the James Dyson Sustainability Award. The competition is tough, as many of the brightest engineers and scientists compete for the prize. But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won — for good reason! The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloudy day! According to the awarding remarks, AuREUS combines renewable material and advanced technology, which allows other devices to harvest UV light and transform it into electricity. Of course, “it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! It’s truly a game changer!” AuREUS is based on a plastic material, so it can be formed into different shapes. The science behind it is a bit confusing, but in Carvey’s words, “AuREUS is actually a material, or a technology. With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.” While it’s clear to us that this product is special, Carvey was still caught by surprise when he found out he won the competition. It took a few days for him to process the news, and he’s already looking at what he can create next! “I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” 4. What is the function of the second paragraph? A. To offer background information about Carvey. B. To show how Carvey prepared for the competition. C. To explain why Carvey could win the competition. D. To introduce some unknown factors behind the win. 5. What makes AuREUS stand out from the entries? A. Its sustainability. B. Its high technology. C. Its new materials. D. Its effective use. 6. What can we learn about AuREUS? A. It can detect some food waste. B. It may promote crop production. C. It is mainly meant for farmers. D. It can make waste advantageous. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Carvey? A. Positive and hotheaded. B. Hard-working and humble. C. Helpful and persistent. D. Broad-minded and accessible. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了菲律宾27岁学生Carvey Ehren Maigue凭借AuREUS系统技术在James Dyson可持续发展大奖赛中脱颖而出的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloud y day! (这位27岁的菲律宾人一直在菲律宾一所顶尖的工程学校学习，很快就要毕业了。在那里的这段时间里，他学到了很多关于设计的知识，这就是他创建AuREUS系统技术的原因。这些太阳能电池板由食物垃圾制成，即使在阴天也能将紫外线转化为可再生能源)”可知，第二段介绍了Carvey的学习背景，并指出正是因此他才研发了AuREUS系统；再结合第一段最后一句“But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won— for good reason! (虽然每个参赛作品都令人印象深刻，但卡维·埃伦·麦格的最终获奖是有充分理由的！)”可知，第二段的功能是解释了为什么Carvey能够赢得比赛。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! (它是环保的，可以长期使用，完全符合我们的目的，使它成为最引人注目的！)”可知，AuREUS环保且耐用的特点让它符合比赛的宗旨，因此是可持续性使它脱颖而出。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future- looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now. (通过AuREUS，我们对遭受自然灾害（如台风）袭击的农民的作物进行升级利用，而台风也恰好是气候变化的影响。通过将它们转化为新能源，我们既可以着眼于未来，又可以解决我们目前遇到的问题。)”可知，这种技术可以对遭受了自然灾害影响的农民的农作物加以循环利用，将它们转化为新的能源。AuREUS能够变废为宝。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的““I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” (“我很高兴，因为我知道，通过这个奖项，我将能够接触到更多的人，”他补充说。“这是我第二次申请，通过坚持，我成功了。”)”可知，Carvey是一个乐于助人且坚持不懈的人。故选C。 C Pick up any packaged processed food, and there’s a decent chance that one of its listed ingredients will be “natural flavor”. The ingredient sounds good, particularly in contrast to “artificial flavor”. But what exactly does natural flavor mean? It refers to extracts (提取物) got from natural sources like plants, meat or seafood. When consumers see “natural flavor” on a label, they are unlikely to assume that someone is squeezing the juice from oranges into their bottle. They know even though natural flavor must come from natural sources, it needn’t all come from the plant or meat. For example, orange flavor might contain not only orange extract, but also extracts from bark and grass. Nor is the common belief true that ingredients extracted from nature are necessarily safer than something artificially made. So if flavors like orange are needed, why not just use oranges? The answer comes down to “availability, cost and sustainability”, according to flavor chemist Gary Reineccius of the University of Minnesota. “If you’re going to use all your grapes on grape soda,” Reineccius says, “you don’t have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be exorbitant; besides, what do you do with the by-products you create after you’ve squeezed all the juice out of the grape?” Actually, while chemists make natural flavors by extracting chemicals from natural ingredients, artificial flavors are made by creating the same chemicals artificially. The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple: marketing. “Many of these products have health titles,” says Platkin, professor from Hunter College. “Consumers may be talked to believe products with natural flavors are healthier, though they’re nutritionally no different from those with artificial flavors. Natural flavors may involve more forest clear-cutting and carbon emissions from transport than flavors created in the lab.” Platkin suggests getting more transparent labeling on packaging that describes exactly what the natural or artificial flavors are, so consumers are not misled into buying one product over another because of “natural flavors”. Reineccius also offers some simple guidance: “Don’t buy anything because it says ‘natural flavors’. Buy it because you like it.” 8. Which is a misunderstanding about the “natural flavor” juice according to paragraph 1? A. It comes from 100% original fruit. B. It is nothing but advertising tricks. C. It certainly contains extracts made in the lab. D. It is absolutely safer than juice with artificial flavors. 9. What does the underlined word “exorbitant” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Popular. B. Expensive. C. Durable. D. Innovative. 10. Why do companies use natural flavors in their products? A. To cut the costs. B. To promote the sales. C. To advocate a healthy diet. D. To avoid food safety issues. 11. What can we conclude from the text? A. Gary and Platkin hold opposite perspectives. B. Natural flavors are more environmentally-friendly. C. Customers are misled for ignoring labels on packaging. D. Natural and artificial flavors are more alike than you think. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了天然风味的来源，使用天然风味的原因，及天然风味和人造风味的相似。 【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Nor is the common belief true that ingredients extracted from nature are necessarily safer than something artificially made. (人们普遍认为, 从大自然中提取的成分一定比人工制造的成分更安全, 这也是不对的)”可知, D 选项“天然风味果汁绝对比添加人工香料的果汁更安全”属于误解。 故选D项。 2. 词句猜测题。划线词句前后文“‘If you’re going to use all your grapes on grape soda,’ Reineccius says, ‘you don’t have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be exorbitant; besides, what do you do with the by-products you create after you’ve squeezed all the juice out of the grapes?’(‘如果你打算把所有的葡萄都用在葡萄汽水上，’Reineccius说，‘你没有任何葡萄用来酿酒，产品价格会exorbitant；此外，你怎么处理榨干葡萄汁后产生的副产品呢？’)”说明把所有的葡萄都用在葡萄汽水上，你没有任何葡萄用来酿酒，产品价格会过高，从而推知划线词句“you don’t have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be exorbitant(你没有任何葡萄用来酿酒，产品价格会exorbitant；)”其中划线词应为“昂贵的”，与B项同义。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题 根据第三段“The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple: marketing. (公司使用天然风味而不是人工风味的原因很简单：营销)”可知, 公司在他们的产品中使用天然香料是为了营销, 故选B项。 4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘Many of these products have health titles,’ says Platkin, professor from Hunter College. ‘Consumers may be talked to believe products with natural flavours are healthier, though they are nutritionally no different from those with artificial flavours. Natural flavours may involve more forest clear-cutting and carbon emissions from transport than flavours created in the lab.’(亨特学院教授普拉特金说：‘许多这些产品都有健康的标题。’‘消费者可能会被告知相信天然风味的产品更健康，尽管它们在营养上与人造风味没有什么不同。与实验室制造的口味相比，天然风味可能涉及更多的森林砍伐和运输过程中的碳排放。’)”可知，从文章中我们可以得出的结论是天然风味和人工风味的相似之处比你想象的要多。故选D项。 D Recent developments in robotics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning have brought us in the eye of the storm of a new automation age. About half of the work carried out by people was likely to be automated by 2055 with adaption to technology, a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted. Automation can enable businesses to improve performance by reducing errors and improving quality and speed, and in some cases achieving outcomes that go beyond human capabilities. At a time of weak productivity growth worldwide, automation technologies can provide the much-needed promotion of economic growth, according to the report. Automation could raise productivity growth globally by 0.8 percent to 1.4 percent. At a global level, technically automated activities involved 1.1 billion employees and 11.9 trillion U.S. dollars in wages, the report said. The report also showed that activities most influenced by automation were physical ones in highly structured and predictable environments, as well as data collection and processing. In the United States, these activities make up 51 percent of activities in the economy, accounting for almost 2.7 trillion dollars in wages. They are most common in production, accommodation and food service, and the retail (零售) trade. And it’s not just low-skill, low-wage work that is likely to be influenced by automation; middle-skill and high-paying, high-skill occupations, too, have a degree of automation potential. The robots and computers not only can perform a range of routine physical work activities better and more cheaply than humans, but are also increasingly capable of accomplishing activities that require cognitive (认知的) capabilities, such as feeling emotions or driving. While much of the current debate about automation has focused on the potential that many people may be replaced and therefore lose their financial resources, the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines. 12. What is the report mainly about? A. Comparisons of robots with humans. B. Analysis of automation’s potential in economy. C. Prediction of the unemployment problem. D. Explanations of the concept of the automation age. 13. What might happen in 2055 according to the text? A. Automation will cause weak productivity growth. B. Automation will reduce employees’ wages. C. Activities like data collection and processing will disappear. D. Activities involve feeling emotions can be performed by robots. 14. How does the author feel about human workers? A. Worried. B. Mixed. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Automation: A challenge to all? B. Automation: Where to go from here? C. Automation: Who is the eventual winner? D. Automation: A future replacement for humans? 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麦肯锡全球研究院的一份报告。报告预测，到2055年，随着对技术的适应，大约一半的人类工作有可能实现自动化。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子“About half of the work carried out by people was likely to be automated by 2055 with adaption to technology, a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted. (麦肯锡全球研究所(McKinsey Global Institute)的一份报告预测，到2055年，随着技术的发展，大约一半的人类工作可能会实现自动化。)”和接下来三段的展开论述可知，这篇报告主要分析了自动化对经济的影响，探讨了自动化在提高效率、推动经济增长方面的作用，以及这一趋势对不同类型工作的影响。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容“The robots and computers not only can perform a range of routine physical work activities better and more cheaply than humans, but are also increasingly capable of accomplishing activities that require cognitive capabilities, such as feeling emotions or driving. (机器人和计算机不仅可以比人类更好、更便宜地完成一系列日常体力劳动，而且也越来越有能力完成需要认知能力的活动，比如感受情绪或驾驶。)”可知，机器人和计算机会越来越能够完成需要认知能力才能完成的事，例如感受情绪或驾驶车辆。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While much of the current debate about automation has focused on the potential that many people may be replaced and therefore lose their financial resources, the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines. (虽然目前关于自动化的争论主要集中在许多人可能被取代从而失去经济资源的可能性上，但分析表明，人类仍然是需要的：只有当人类与机器一起工作时，总生产率才会提高。)”可知，作者对人类工作者持积极乐观的态度。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文开头主要介绍了机器人技术、人工智能和机器学习的最新发展使人类处于一个新的自动化时代的风口浪尖。麦肯锡全球研究院的一份报告预测，到2055年，随着对技术的适应，大约一半的人工工作有可能实现自动化。接着文章展开介绍了自动化对经济及不同类型工作的影响，最后提出人类和机器一起工作，总生产率提高才会实现。因此D项“自动化：未来人类的替代品？”适合作本文标题。故选D。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Challenges are part of life and something we can all expect to encounter at one point or another during our lifetime. We handle challenges differently;some of us choose to face them head-on, while others flee in uncertainty. ___16___The following are simple methods and strategies we can all employ to overcome challenges more effectively. ___17___ Nike couldn’t have said it any better with their slogan, "Just do it! "Some challenges require us to do just that. Grab the bull by its horns and have the courage to conquer it, no matter how unsure we might feel. Some challenges are urgent and require immediate attention, leaving us with no option but to go ahead full-steam. Educate ourselves. The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren’t familiar with them. ___18___ The internet, books, forums, etc. , offer platforms where we can research and learn about our challenges to find strategies against them. Knowledge is definitely powerful and essential in conquering anything. Be persistent. This is what is required to accomplish anything, especially when it comes to overcoming challenges. No matter how difficult our challenges might be, we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them. ___19___ Ask for help. There are times when we can’t go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face. ___20___ Networking with like-minded individuals who can offer us support, suggestions, and solutions is useful in helping us overcome challenges. A. Meet them head-on. B. Adapt a different strategy. C. It is said that two heads are better than one. D. If we give up, we allow the challenges to conquer us instead. E. Therefore, our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited. F. Whatever our positions, we all wish to conquer them and move on. G. Some challenges can be overwhelming, making us question our ability to overcome them. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍应对挑战的方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“We handle challenges differently; some of us choose to face them head-on, while others flee in uncertainty.”（我们应对挑战的方式各有不同；我们中的一些人选择拥抱并正面面对它们，而另一些人则在不确定中逃离。）根据下文“The following are simple methods and strategies we can all employ to overcome challenges more effectively.”（下面是一些简单的方法和策略，我们都可以用来更有效地克服挑战。）可知，该句承上启下，说明无论如何，我们都要克服困难。故F选项“无论我们的立场是什么，我们都希望克服它们并继续前进。”切题。故选F项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Nike couldn’t have said it any better with their slogan, “Just do it!” Some challenges require us to do just that. Grab the bull by its horns and have the courage to conquer it, no matter how unsure we might feel. Some challenges are urgent and require immediate attention, leaving us with no option but to go ahead full-steam.”（耐克用他们的口号“Just do it! ”来表达这一点再好不过了。有些挑战要求我们这样做。无论我们感觉多么不确定，请迎难而上，勇敢征服困难。有些挑战是紧迫的，需要立即关注，我们别无选择，只能全力以赴。）由此可知，该段主要讲述A选项“直面挑战”。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren’t familiar with them.”（有些问题对我们来说具有挑战性的原因是我们不熟悉它们。）空处承接上文说明不熟悉导致的结果。故E选项“因此，我们征服它们的知识和能力是有限的”切题。此处them与上一句呼应。故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“No matter how difficult our challenges might be, we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them.”（无论挑战有多么困难，我们都必须愿意坚持下去，一次又一次地尝试，直到取得胜利。）可知，空处为前一句内容的补充，故D选项“如果我们放弃，我们反过来就会让挑战征服我们。”为反向叙述后果，切题。故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“There are times when we can’t go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face.”（有时我们无法独自应对，需要他人来帮助我们克服所面临的任何挑战。）可知，人多力量大，与志同道合的人建立联系，他们可以为我们提供支持、建议或解决方案，而这些建议有助于帮助我们克服挑战。故C选项“俗语说：人多力量大”切题。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The impact that teachers can have on their students’ lives truly can’t be understated. Purity, a black student at a London school, learned this ____21____ when she looked to Vanessa for help after her hair got ____22____ from being outside in the rain. “With tears in her eyes, she expressed that she wasn’t going to go around school like this all day and would rather go home,” Vanessa said. Having a bad hair day can be ____23____ for anyone, but Vanessa ____24____ why it meant so much more to this little girl. “For anyone, hair is often a major part of one’s identity,” she said. “Black people are often ____25____ to what their hair says about them.” Before the start of her next class, Vanessa listened as Purity asked if she would braid (把……编成辫子) her hair. Without ____26____, the teacher searched around for ____27____ she could use. With a small-toothed comb, she pulled it off beautifully. Once she finished, Purity’s entire demeanor (样貌) ____28____. She stopped crying and was more than ____29____ to give her teacher a huge hug! “Even if I thought she looked fine, I wasn’t going to turn her away, and _____30_____ her she looked fine when her _____31_____ was temporarily shaken,” Vanessa said. “Encouraging words weren’t what she really _____32_____. What she wanted was actual help.” Vanessa shared this story online, hoping this _____33_____ moment between her and a student would highlight the _____34_____ of representation in the field of education and _____35_____ more black people to choose teaching as a career. 21. A. frequently B. immediately C. earnestly D. independently 22. A. messed up B. tied up C. pulled back D. blown back 23. A. costly B. unnecessary C. effortless D. unbearable 24. A. wondered B. understood C. demonstrated D. assumed 25. A. decisive B. responsive C. sensitive D. attentive 26. A. hesitation B. doubt C. embarrassment D. enthusiasm 27. A. products B. skills C. access D. tools 28. A. softened B. conveyed C. froze D. changed 29. A. delighted B. awkward C. ready D. expectant 30. A. remind B. promise C. convince D. surprise 31. A. mind B. confidence C. rule D. belief 32. A. desired B. encountered C. felt D. declined 33. A. historical B. decisive C. breathtaking D. heartwarming 34. A. significance B. complexity C. feature D. limitation 35. A. allow B. force C. encourage D. invite 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了教师凡妮莎为雨中弄乱头发的黑人学生普里蒂编辫子的暖心故事，体现了教师对学生的重要影响，她将这个故事发布到网上，希望借此凸显代表性在教育领域的重要性，呼吁更多黑人进入教育行业。 【21题详解】 考查副词。句意：伦敦一所学校的黑人学生普里蒂在外面的雨中把头发弄得乱糟糟，向凡妮莎求助后，立刻明白了这个道理。A. frequently频繁地；B. immediately立刻；C. earnestly认真地；D. independently独立地。根据上文“The impact that teachers can have on their students’ lives truly can’t be understated.”可知，作者开篇点明教师对学生的影响不可低估，此处指普里蒂亲身经历了这件事之后立刻明白了这个道理。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：同上。A. messed up弄乱；B. tied up系紧；C. pulled back拉回；D. blown back吹回。根据第二段中“With tears in her eyes, she expressed that she wasn’t going to go around school like this all day and would rather go home”和“Having a bad hair day”可知，下雨后普里蒂的头发被弄乱了，让她难以接受。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：发型糟糕的一天对任何人来说都是难以忍受的，但凡妮莎明白为什么这对这个小女孩来说意义更重大。A. costly昂贵的；B. unnecessary不必要的；C. effortless轻松的；D. unbearable难以忍受的。根据上文“With tears in her eyes, she expressed that she wasn’t going to go around school like this all day and would rather go home”可知，普里蒂宁愿回家也不愿带着乱糟糟的头发待在学校，说明发型糟糕对任何人都是难以忍受的事。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. wondered想知道；B. understood明白；C. demonstrated证明；D. assumed假设。根据下文““For anyone, hair is often a major part of one’s identity,” she said. “Black people are often ______ to what their hair says about them.””可知，凡妮莎自己解释了头发对黑人身份的意义，说明她明白这件事对普里蒂的特殊重要性。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：黑人通常对头发表现的自我形象十分敏感。A. decisive决定性的；B. responsive回应的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. attentive专注的。根据上文“why it meant so much more to this little girl”可知，黑人对头发展示的自我形象十分敏感。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：这位老师毫不犹豫地去找可以用的工具。A. hesitation犹豫；B. doubt怀疑；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. enthusiasm热情。根据下文“the teacher searched around for _____ she could use”可知，凡妮莎立刻答应了普里蒂的请求，没有丝毫犹豫，without hesitation是固定搭配，意为“毫不犹豫”。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。A. products产品；B. skills技能；C. access通道；D. tools工具。根据下文“With a small-toothed comb”可知，凡妮莎找到的是编辫子用的工具。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：编完辫子后，普里蒂的整个样貌都变了。A. softened软化；B. conveyed传达；C. froze冻结；D. changed改变。根据下文“She stopped crying and was more than ______ to give her teacher a huge hug!”可知，编完辫子后普里蒂整个人的状态都改变了，不再哭泣，变得开心。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她不再哭了，非常开心地给了老师一个大大的拥抱！A. delighted高兴的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. ready准备好的；D. expectant期待的。根据下文“to give her teacher a huge hug”可知，问题解决后普里蒂十分开心，很高兴地拥抱老师。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：“即使我觉得她看起来还行，我也不会拒绝她，也不会在她信心暂时动摇的时候说服她她看起来很好。”凡妮莎说道。A. remind提醒；B. promise承诺；C. convince说服；D. surprise使惊讶。根据下文“Encouraging words weren’t what she really _____. What she wanted was actual help.”可知，凡妮莎说空洞的鼓励说服她看起来很好并不是普里蒂想要的。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。A. mind思维；B. confidence信心；C. rule规则；D. belief信仰。根据第二段中“With tears in her eyes, she expressed that she wasn’t going to go around school like this all day and would rather go home”可知，普里蒂因为头发乱糟糟宁愿回家，说明她的信心因为糟糕的发型暂时动摇了。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：鼓励的话并不是她真正想要的。A. desired想要；B. encountered遇到；C. felt感觉；D. declined拒绝。根据下文“What she wanted was actual help.”可知，普里蒂真正想要的不是空洞的鼓励，而是实际的帮助。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：凡妮莎把这个故事分享到网上，希望她和学生之间这个暖心的时刻能够凸显代表性在教育领域的重要性，并且鼓励更多黑人选择教师作为职业。A. historical历史的；B. decisive决定性的；C. breathtaking惊人的；D. heartwarming暖心的。根据下文“moment between her and a student”和整个事件的内容可知，这是一个发生在师生之间的暖心时刻。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。A. significance重要性；B. complexity复杂性；C. feature特征；D. limitation局限性。根据下文“of representation in the field of education”可知，凡妮莎分享故事的目的是凸显代表性在教育领域的重要性。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. allow允许；B. force强迫；C. encourage鼓励；D. invite邀请。根据下文“more black people to choose teaching as a career”可知，分享这个暖心故事的目的就是鼓励更多黑人进入教育行业。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A skywell, or “tian jing” in Chinese, is a typical feature of a traditional home in Southern and Eastern China. They are commonly seen in homes ___36___ (date) to the Ming and Qing dynasties, which ____37____ (design) to house different generations of relatives. Despite their varied sizes and designs, these skywells are typically square and located in ____38____ heart of the house. They serve to allow in light, enhance airflow, and harvest rainwater. Since decades ago, the government ____39____ (advocate) green buildings, promoting environmentally-friendly practice. The increased interest towards traditional Chinese architecture is leading to the restoration of historic buildings with skywells ____40____ modern use. Architects are also looking towards the principles behind skywells while designing new buildings ____41____ (save) energy. The Dongguan TBA Tower in Guangdong Province, for example, brings natural airflows into every floor with internal “windpipes”____42____ function in a similar way to skywells. The aim is to keep the building's temperature ____43____ (comfort) in all seasons, using only natural airflow. The fact that skywells still exist today shows ____44____ clever ancient builders were in using nature's elements to create energy-sufficient and sustainable living spaces. These timeless architectural _____45_____ (wonder) continue to inspire architects in their efforts to find green solutions for cooling homes and buildings. 【答案】36. dating 37. were designed 38. the 39. has been advocating##has advocated 40. for##in 41. to save 42. which##that 43. comfortable 44. how 45. wonders 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天井的历史以及在现代的应用。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们在明清时期的房屋中很常见，这些房屋是为不同世代的亲戚设计的。分析句子结构可知date与逻辑主语homes构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填dating。 【37题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：它们在明清时期的房屋中很常见，这些房屋是为不同世代的亲戚设计的。此处非限制性定语从句修饰先行词homes，在从句作主语，与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文the Ming and Qing dynasties可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were designed。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：尽管它们的大小和设计各不相同，但这些天井通常是方形的，位于房屋的中心。此处heart特指房屋的中心，前面应用定冠词。故填the。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：从几十年前开始，政府就一直提倡绿色建筑，提倡环保的做法。根据上文Since decades ago可知应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语为the government，助动词用has。故填has been advocating/has advocated。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：人们对中国传统建筑的兴趣日益浓厚，这导致了对带有天井的历史建筑进行修复，以供现代使用。短语for/in modern use表示“供……使用”。故填for/in。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：建筑师们在设计新建筑时也在关注天井背后的原则，以节省能源。分析句子结构可知save在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to save。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：例如，广东省东莞TBA大厦通过内部“气管”将自然气流引入每层，其功能与天井类似。定语从句修饰先行词windpipes，关系词在从句作主语，指物，故填which/that。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其目的是在所有季节保持建筑的温度舒适，只使用自然气流。此处作宾补，表示“舒适的”应用形容词comfortable。故填comfortable。 【44题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：事实上，今天仍然存在的天井表明，古代的建筑者是多么聪明，他们利用自然的元素来创造能源充足和可持续的生活空间。引导宾语从句，表示“多么聪明”应用how。故填how。 【45题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：这些永恒的建筑奇迹继续激励着建筑师们努力寻找绿色解决方案来为房屋和建筑物降温。根据上文these可知wonder应用复数形式。故填wonders。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的学校计划在暑假后的开学之初举办一场以“The Power of Reading”为主题的英语演讲比赛来分享你在假期中通过阅读为自己充电的经历。作为参赛者之一，请撰写一篇演讲稿，内容需包含以下两部分： 1. 描述书籍的内容及阅读过程中的情感体验。 2. 对“阅读的力量”的感悟，探讨假期阅读如何影响自己。 The Power of Reading Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 The Power of Reading Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! I’m Li Hua, and it’s my great honor to recount my enchanting journey of reading through the pages of a book I read in my summer vacation. I read Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, which, for me, was a portal to a world filled with imagination and insight. In the book, the little girl, Alice, falls asleep and dreams of Wonderland with strange creatures. As I delved into its pages, I realized I wasn’t only reading a story, but I was an active participant in that fantastic wonderland. Ever since, books have cast a spell on me, captivating me with their boundless charm. This summer, books became my companions, guiding me through growth. In conclusion, the power of reading can enrich our knowledge and shape our perspectives. So, start with a book at hand and prepare to marvel at the treasures reading has in store for you! That’s all. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以“The Power of Reading”为主题写一篇演讲稿，描述书籍的内容、阅读过程中的情感体验、对“阅读的力量”的感悟，探讨假期阅读如何影响自己。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 荣幸：honor→privilege 迷人的：enchanting→charming/captivating 无止境的：boundless→infinite 观点：perspective→viewpoint 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：In the book, the little girl, Alice falls asleep and dreams of Wonderland with strange creatures. 拓展句：In the book, the little girl, Alice falls asleep, dreaming of Wonderland with strange creatures. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m Li Hua, and it’s my great honor to recount my enchanting journey of reading through the pages of a book I read in my summer vacation.(使用了省略关系词that/which的定语从句) 【高分句型2】I read Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, which, for me, was a portal to a world filled with imagination and insight. (使用了which引导非限制性定语从句、过去分词短语作后置定语) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Early in 1999, our family had to drive several hundred miles to Billings, Montana, to visit a hospitalized family member. Between our travel, accommodation, and having given most of our available cash to help our relatives out with expenses, we had very little money with us when we left to return home. It was getting dark when we drove out of Billings. At first, we didn’t notice that our headlights were dimming(变暗), and that was probably why we missed the exit for the interstate(州际公路) leading home. About 40 miles later, we began to see that nothing along the highway was familiar to us. In 35 more miles, we saw an exit to a town that wasn’t anywhere near where we were supposed to be. With eight miles to the next exit, we began to realize the headlights were dangerously dim. The car began to make a series of short explosive sounds, which made us feel extremely worried. I had to turn off the lights to keep it running. At the foot of the exit slope, there was a small post office in front of us. The car stopped running completely as we pulled into the parking lot. I soon determined that there was something wrong with the alternator (发电机). It was 7:00 in the evening and we were in Rosebud, Montana, which was a tiny town with no services. To make things worse, the heavy snow was falling. We needed to find our family a safe place to spend the cold night and find an alternator to fix the car the next morning. Hopelessly, we couldn’t see any other buildings around us, and the rest of the town was nearly a mile away. Even if we walked there, we knew that there was probably no hotel or parts store. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just then, a woman stopped to check the mail before going home. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unexpectedly, she came back the next morning! ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Just then, a woman stopped to check the mail before going home. I just couldn’t believe it, and stopped her immediately. Seeing my excited expression, she was at a loss, asking what happened. I told her the thing and asked where we could find a hotel. To my surprise, she gave us far more than we needed. She suggested that we follow her, with the parking lights on so that the car wouldn’t die again, and led us to a hotel. After knowing we left little money with us, she insisted on paying for the room for us. Unexpectedly, she came back the next morning! She took us to a parts store to buy the alternator. After taking nearly an hour to complete the alternator replacement, the car was finally restarted. And when we left, she bought us a meal, filled up the fuel tank for us, and even gave us some money for the trip home. She was so considerate that when we just asked for a little help and a few recommendations, she had done all these things for us. Perhaps her greatest gift is to give us a memory of how much a person can do for complete strangers and how high kindness can reach. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一家人在去看望了一位住院的亲戚的归途中，所带现金不多，天还下着大雪的情况下，汽车出了故障，一家人需要找一个安全的地方来度过寒冷的夜晚，并且要修理汽车。但是周围除了一个小邮局没有其他建筑，作者一家一筹莫展的时候得到了一位女士无私帮助的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在这时，一位女士在回家前停下来查看邮件。”可知，第一段可描写作者请求女士帮忙，女士带领作者一家来到宾馆并在得知作者钱很少时付了房费的经历。 ② 由第二段首句内容“没想到，第二天早上她又回来了！”可知，第二段可描写女士带领作者修车，并体贴地给他们买了饭，加满了油，还给了作者一些钱回家的经过以及作者的感激和对此的感悟。 2.续写线索：请求帮忙——带去旅馆——付房费——再次帮助——感激——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发生：happened/took place ②跟随：follow/go after ③寻求帮助：ask for help/turn to for help 情绪类 ①激动：excited/in storm/ athrill ②吃惊：to one’s surprise/to one’s astonishment/to one’s amazement 【点睛】[高分句型1] Seeing my excited expression, she was at a loss, asking what happened.（运用了现在分词作状语，what引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] She suggested that we follow her, with the parking lights on so that the car wouldn’t die again, and led us to a hotel.（运用了虚拟语气，with+宾语+宾补复合结构和so that引导的状语从句） [高分句型3] Perhaps her greatest gift is to give us a memory of how much a person can do for complete strangers and how high kindness can reach.（运用了不定式作表语和how much引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三上学期第一阶段测试 英语 （试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does Linda love most about Chongqing? A. The food. B. The people. C. The landscape. 2. Where does Jason’s mother come from? A. Spain. B. Mexico. C. America. 3. What makes the woman choose the zoo? A. Its size. B. Its location. C. Its design. 4. What does the woman think of the man’s deed? A. Stupid. B. Great. C. Confusing. 5. How would the woman like to watch movies? A. At the cinema. B. On the computer. C. On the smartphone. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is Karen’s favorite leisure time activity? A. Gardening. B. Reading books. C. Collecting stamps. 7. How many stamps has the man collected? A. 100. B. 150. C. 200. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How old should a child be to go to the camp? A. At least 3 years old. B. At least 9 years old. C. At least 19 years old. 9. What do older children mainly learn in the class? A. Basic dance skills. B. Different styles of dance. C. Challenging ballet movements. 10. What will the speakers do next? A. Book a class online. B. Find out the camp’s price. C. Tell Amy about the camp. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did Guy Parker-Rees do for the book? A. He wrote the story. B. He financed it. C. He drew its paintings. 12. What did John decide to do after reading the book? A. Learn to admire others. B. Keep learning new things. C. Appreciate his own strengths. 13. Where did John get the book? A. From a bookstore. B. From a library. C. From a friend. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What record does Zuriel Oduwole hold? A. The filmmaker of making the most films. B. The most famous filmmaker at the moment. C. The youngest filmmaker in the film industry ever. 15. Why did Zuriel Oduwole make films? A. To make some money. B. To draw attention to African lives. C. To promote education for African girls. 16. What does the woman say about Zuriel Oduwole? A. She is brave. B. She is inspiring. C. She is confident. 17. Who is most probably the woman? A. An athlete. B. A coach. C. An actress. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s opinion on learning after leaving school? A. It’s popular. B. It’s important. C. It’s challenging. 19. What does the speaker love doing most? A. Traveling to new places. B. Joining peer groups. C. Reading books. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to get a better tutor. B. How to develop new hobbies. C. How to become a lifelong learner. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are tons of physics textbooks available around the world. Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics This book is a collection of online teachings by Professor R. Shankar. Shankar is one of the first to be involved in the innovative Open Yale Courses program. It is a perfect introduction to college-level physics. Students of chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this book helpful. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering This book helps students to read scientific data, answer scientific questions, and identify fundamental concepts. The new and improved 10th edition features multi-media resources, and questions to test students’ understanding of each concept. The Feynman Lectures on Physics Richard Feynman is regarded as one of the greatest teachers of physics to walk the face of the earth. This book is a collection of Feynman’s lectures. In his words, these lectures all began as an experiment, which, in turn, formed the basis of this book. University Physics with Modern Physics The book is recognized for teaching and applying principles of physics through a narrative (叙事的) method. To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding. 1. What do the first two books have in common? A. They are improved editions. B. They are written by professors. C. They favor students of engineering. D. They feature multi-media resources. 2. Which book best suits students who enjoy learning physics through practical examples? A. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics. B. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering. C. The Feynman Lectures on Physics. D. University Physics with Modern Physics. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An online article. B. A research paper. C. A physics textbook. D. A science journal. B College students around the world have recently developed products and designs for a chance to win the James Dyson Sustainability Award. The competition is tough, as many of the brightest engineers and scientists compete for the prize. But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won — for good reason! The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloudy day! According to the awarding remarks, AuREUS combines renewable material and advanced technology, which allows other devices to harvest UV light and transform it into electricity. Of course, “it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! It’s truly a game changer!” AuREUS is based on a plastic material, so it can be formed into different shapes. The science behind it is a bit confusing, but in Carvey’s words, “AuREUS is actually a material, or a technology. With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.” While it’s clear to us that this product is special, Carvey was still caught by surprise when he found out he won the competition. It took a few days for him to process the news, and he’s already looking at what he can create next! “I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” 4. What is the function of the second paragraph? A. To offer background information about Carvey. B. To show how Carvey prepared for the competition. C. To explain why Carvey could win the competition. D. To introduce some unknown factors behind the win. 5. What makes AuREUS stand out from the entries? A. Its sustainability. B. Its high technology. C. Its new materials. D. Its effective use. 6. What can we learn about AuREUS? A. It can detect some food waste. B. It may promote crop production. C. It is mainly meant for farmers. D. It can make waste advantageous. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Carvey? A. Positive and hotheaded. B. Hard-working and humble. C. Helpful and persistent. D. Broad-minded and accessible. C Pick up any packaged processed food, and there’s a decent chance that one of its listed ingredients will be “natural flavor”. The ingredient sounds good, particularly in contrast to “artificial flavor”. But what exactly does natural flavor mean? It refers to extracts (提取物) got from natural sources like plants, meat or seafood. When consumers see “natural flavor” on a label, they are unlikely to assume that someone is squeezing the juice from oranges into their bottle. They know even though natural flavor must come from natural sources, it needn’t all come from the plant or meat. For example, orange flavor might contain not only orange extract, but also extracts from bark and grass. Nor is the common belief true that ingredients extracted from nature are necessarily safer than something artificially made. So if flavors like orange are needed, why not just use oranges? The answer comes down to “availability, cost and sustainability”, according to flavor chemist Gary Reineccius of the University of Minnesota. “If you’re going to use all your grapes on grape soda,” Reineccius says, “you don’t have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be exorbitant; besides, what do you do with the by-products you create after you’ve squeezed all the juice out of the grape?” Actually, while chemists make natural flavors by extracting chemicals from natural ingredients, artificial flavors are made by creating the same chemicals artificially. The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple: marketing. “Many of these products have health titles,” says Platkin, professor from Hunter College. “Consumers may be talked to believe products with natural flavors are healthier, though they’re nutritionally no different from those with artificial flavors. Natural flavors may involve more forest clear-cutting and carbon emissions from transport than flavors created in the lab.” Platkin suggests getting more transparent labeling on packaging that describes exactly what the natural or artificial flavors are, so consumers are not misled into buying one product over another because of “natural flavors”. Reineccius also offers some simple guidance: “Don’t buy anything because it says ‘natural flavors’. Buy it because you like it.” 8. Which is a misunderstanding about the “natural flavor” juice according to paragraph 1? A. It comes from 100% original fruit. B. It is nothing but advertising tricks. C. It certainly contains extracts made in the lab. D. It is absolutely safer than juice with artificial flavors. 9. What does the underlined word “exorbitant” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Popular. B. Expensive. C. Durable. D. Innovative. 10. Why do companies use natural flavors in their products? A. To cut the costs. B. To promote the sales. C. To advocate a healthy diet. D. To avoid food safety issues. 11. What can we conclude from the text? A. Gary and Platkin hold opposite perspectives. B. Natural flavors are more environmentally-friendly. C. Customers are misled for ignoring labels on packaging. D. Natural and artificial flavors are more alike than you think. D Recent developments in robotics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning have brought us in the eye of the storm of a new automation age. About half of the work carried out by people was likely to be automated by 2055 with adaption to technology, a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted. Automation can enable businesses to improve performance by reducing errors and improving quality and speed, and in some cases achieving outcomes that go beyond human capabilities. At a time of weak productivity growth worldwide, automation technologies can provide the much-needed promotion of economic growth, according to the report. Automation could raise productivity growth globally by 0.8 percent to 1.4 percent. At a global level, technically automated activities involved 1.1 billion employees and 11.9 trillion U.S. dollars in wages, the report said. The report also showed that activities most influenced by automation were physical ones in highly structured and predictable environments, as well as data collection and processing. In the United States, these activities make up 51 percent of activities in the economy, accounting for almost 2.7 trillion dollars in wages. They are most common in production, accommodation and food service, and the retail (零售) trade. And it’s not just low-skill, low-wage work that is likely to be influenced by automation; middle-skill and high-paying, high-skill occupations, too, have a degree of automation potential. The robots and computers not only can perform a range of routine physical work activities better and more cheaply than humans, but are also increasingly capable of accomplishing activities that require cognitive (认知的) capabilities, such as feeling emotions or driving. While much of the current debate about automation has focused on the potential that many people may be replaced and therefore lose their financial resources, the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines. 12. What is the report mainly about? A. Comparisons of robots with humans. B. Analysis of automation’s potential in economy. C. Prediction of the unemployment problem. D. Explanations of the concept of the automation age. 13. What might happen in 2055 according to the text? A. Automation will cause weak productivity growth. B. Automation will reduce employees’ wages. C. Activities like data collection and processing will disappear. D. Activities involve feeling emotions can be performed by robots. 14. How does the author feel about human workers? A. Worried. B. Mixed. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Automation: A challenge to all? B. Automation: Where to go from here? C. Automation: Who is the eventual winner? D. Automation: A future replacement for humans? 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Challenges are part of life and something we can all expect to encounter at one point or another during our lifetime. We handle challenges differently;some of us choose to face them head-on, while others flee in uncertainty. ___16___The following are simple methods and strategies we can all employ to overcome challenges more effectively. ___17___ Nike couldn’t have said it any better with their slogan, "Just do it! "Some challenges require us to do just that. Grab the bull by its horns and have the courage to conquer it, no matter how unsure we might feel. Some challenges are urgent and require immediate attention, leaving us with no option but to go ahead full-steam. Educate ourselves. The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren’t familiar with them. ___18___ The internet, books, forums, etc. , offer platforms where we can research and learn about our challenges to find strategies against them. Knowledge is definitely powerful and essential in conquering anything. Be persistent. This is what is required to accomplish anything, especially when it comes to overcoming challenges. No matter how difficult our challenges might be, we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them. ___19___ Ask for help. There are times when we can’t go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face. ___20___ Networking with like-minded individuals who can offer us support, suggestions, and solutions is useful in helping us overcome challenges. A. Meet them head-on. B. Adapt a different strategy. C. It is said that two heads are better than one. D. If we give up, we allow the challenges to conquer us instead. E. Therefore, our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited. F. Whatever our positions, we all wish to conquer them and move on. G. Some challenges can be overwhelming, making us question our ability to overcome them. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The impact that teachers can have on their students’ lives truly can’t be understated. Purity, a black student at a London school, learned this ____21____ when she looked to Vanessa for help after her hair got ____22____ from being outside in the rain. “With tears in her eyes, she expressed that she wasn’t going to go around school like this all day and would rather go home,” Vanessa said. Having a bad hair day can be ____23____ for anyone, but Vanessa ____24____ why it meant so much more to this little girl. “For anyone, hair is often a major part of one’s identity,” she said. “Black people are often ____25____ to what their hair says about them.” Before the start of her next class, Vanessa listened as Purity asked if she would braid (把……编成辫子) her hair. Without ____26____, the teacher searched around for ____27____ she could use. With a small-toothed comb, she pulled it off beautifully. Once she finished, Purity’s entire demeanor (样貌) ____28____. She stopped crying and was more than ____29____ to give her teacher a huge hug! “Even if I thought she looked fine, I wasn’t going to turn her away, and _____30_____ her she looked fine when her _____31_____ was temporarily shaken,” Vanessa said. “Encouraging words weren’t what she really _____32_____. What she wanted was actual help.” Vanessa shared this story online, hoping this _____33_____ moment between her and a student would highlight the _____34_____ of representation in the field of education and _____35_____ more black people to choose teaching as a career. 21. A. frequently B. immediately C. earnestly D. independently 22. A. messed up B. tied up C. pulled back D. blown back 23. A. costly B. unnecessary C. effortless D. unbearable 24. A. wondered B. understood C. demonstrated D. assumed 25. A. decisive B. responsive C. sensitive D. attentive 26. A. hesitation B. doubt C. embarrassment D. enthusiasm 27. A. products B. skills C. access D. tools 28. A. softened B. conveyed C. froze D. changed 29. A. delighted B. awkward C. ready D. expectant 30. A. remind B. promise C. convince D. surprise 31. A. mind B. confidence C. rule D. belief 32. A. desired B. encountered C. felt D. declined 33. A. historical B. decisive C. breathtaking D. heartwarming 34. A. significance B. complexity C. feature D. limitation 35. A. allow B. force C. encourage D. invite 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A skywell, or “tian jing” in Chinese, is a typical feature of a traditional home in Southern and Eastern China. They are commonly seen in homes ___36___ (date) to the Ming and Qing dynasties, which ____37____ (design) to house different generations of relatives. Despite their varied sizes and designs, these skywells are typically square and located in ____38____ heart of the house. They serve to allow in light, enhance airflow, and harvest rainwater. Since decades ago, the government ____39____ (advocate) green buildings, promoting environmentally-friendly practice. The increased interest towards traditional Chinese architecture is leading to the restoration of historic buildings with skywells ____40____ modern use. Architects are also looking towards the principles behind skywells while designing new buildings ____41____ (save) energy. The Dongguan TBA Tower in Guangdong Province, for example, brings natural airflows into every floor with internal “windpipes”____42____ function in a similar way to skywells. The aim is to keep the building's temperature ____43____ (comfort) in all seasons, using only natural airflow. The fact that skywells still exist today shows ____44____ clever ancient builders were in using nature's elements to create energy-sufficient and sustainable living spaces. These timeless architectural _____45_____ (wonder) continue to inspire architects in their efforts to find green solutions for cooling homes and buildings. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的学校计划在暑假后的开学之初举办一场以“The Power of Reading”为主题的英语演讲比赛来分享你在假期中通过阅读为自己充电的经历。作为参赛者之一，请撰写一篇演讲稿，内容需包含以下两部分： 1. 描述书籍的内容及阅读过程中的情感体验。 2. 对“阅读的力量”的感悟，探讨假期阅读如何影响自己。 The Power of Reading Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Early in 1999, our family had to drive several hundred miles to Billings, Montana, to visit a hospitalized family member. Between our travel, accommodation, and having given most of our available cash to help our relatives out with expenses, we had very little money with us when we left to return home. It was getting dark when we drove out of Billings. At first, we didn’t notice that our headlights were dimming(变暗), and that was probably why we missed the exit for the interstate(州际公路) leading home. About 40 miles later, we began to see that nothing along the highway was familiar to us. In 35 more miles, we saw an exit to a town that wasn’t anywhere near where we were supposed to be. With eight miles to the next exit, we began to realize the headlights were dangerously dim. The car began to make a series of short explosive sounds, which made us feel extremely worried. I had to turn off the lights to keep it running. At the foot of the exit slope, there was a small post office in front of us. The car stopped running completely as we pulled into the parking lot. I soon determined that there was something wrong with the alternator (发电机). It was 7:00 in the evening and we were in Rosebud, Montana, which was a tiny town with no services. To make things worse, the heavy snow was falling. We needed to find our family a safe place to spend the cold night and find an alternator to fix the car the next morning. Hopelessly, we couldn’t see any other buildings around us, and the rest of the town was nearly a mile away. Even if we walked there, we knew that there was probably no hotel or parts store. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just then, a woman stopped to check the mail before going home. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unexpectedly, she came back the next morning! ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $