Unit 3 课时3 Section 2 Grammar（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

**基本信息** 分层清晰，从形容词构词到语篇应用梯度递进，衔接中考，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|形容词构词法（-y/-ed/-ing/-ful/-less）及基本用法|以填空形式巩固基础，聚焦单一语法点| |B组|形容词功能（定语/表语）及句型（It is+adj.+to do sth.）|单选与句子转换结合，提升语境应用能力| |C组|语篇中语法综合运用|语法选择与填空，培养语篇分析及思维能力| |拓展|中考考点|选用近年中考真题，适配阶段测评需求|

Unit 3 The seasons 课时3 Section 2 Grammar 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 类别 用法 例句 含义 描述人或事物的性质、特征或状态 She is happy.她很开心。 构成 “名词 + 后缀‑y” 可以构成形容词 (这种构词法尤其体现在表示天气的词汇上) rain →rainy ；wind →windy ; sun → sunny; snow → snowy ‑ed：多修饰人，表示 “(人) 感到…… 的 ‑ing：多修饰事物，表示 “(事物) 令人…… 的” I feel bored. The movie is boring. ‑ful：充满…… 的（肯定含义） ‑less：无 / 缺少…… 的（否定含义，互为反义词） careful 仔细的 /careless 粗心的 hopeful 充满希望的 /hopeless 无望的 功能 前置定语 大多数形容词作定语时位于名词之前 a beautiful flower 后置定语 ① 形容词修饰复合不定代词时必须置于其后 something important 后置定语 ② 表示长、宽、高、深或年龄的形容词前有数词或量词修饰时，这些形容词常位于名词之后 ten metres deep five years old 表语 位于系动词之后，构成 “主系表” 结构 The cake tastes sweet. 句型 用于 “It is + 形容词 (+for/of sb.)+to do sth.” 结构中 It is + 形容词 +{for/of}+sb.+to do sth. for： 当形容词 描述事物的特征；of： 当形容词 描述人的品格或性格特征 It is easy for me to finish the job. It is kind of you to help me. ) 一、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1.It’s Children’s Day. All the students are very ________ (excite). 2.It’s ________ (sun) today. Let’s go and have a picnic in the park. 3.The T-shirt is _________ (difference) from that one. 4.It’s ________ (wind) outside. Close the window. 5. I was ________ (surprise) to see the new mirror behind the door. 6. It’s always good to be ____________ (care). 7.He is a ________ (care) boy. He always leaves things at home. 8. People here are ________ (friend), so many visitors would like to visit again. 9. Tom is polite and ________ (help) to people around him. 10.He was ________ (success) in his field. 一、单项选择 1.Mike is ________ to see his missing car. A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising D．to surprise 2. This kind of shoes feels ________ and sells ________. A．good; well B．good; good C．well; well D．well; good 3. —What do you think of the movie—Avatar: Fire and Ash (阿凡达：火与烬). —I think it is very ________ and makes me ________ when watching it. A．interesting; excited B．interested; excited C．excited; interesting D．exciting; interesting 4. The new smartphone is not ________ and I don’t have ________ to buy it. A．cheap enough; enough money B．expensive enough; money enough C．enough cheap; enough money D．enough expensive; money enough 5. The house looks old, but all the things in it are very ________. A．large B．small C．modern D．long 6. —Look! So many people from other countries come to visit Wuhan now. —Yeah! Wuhan becomes a real ________ city. A．excellent B．different C．exciting D．international 7. Liu Jia is a ________ girl. And today is her ________ birthday. A．5 years old; five B．5 year old; fifth C．5-years-old; five D．5-year-old; fifth 8. It is often ________ in winter in the north of China. A．snowed B．snows C．snowing D．snowy 9. We should eat more vegetables and fruit to keep ________. A．health B．healthy C．healthily D．unhealthy 10. It’s ________ these days, and it ________ heavily today. A．rain, rainy B．rainy, rain C．rainy, rains D．rainy, raining 11. It’s important for the disabled ________ the ability to make a living. A．to have B．have C．having D．has 12. ________ is important to save energy and water in our daily life. A．That B．This C．It D．What 13. It’s important ________ us ________ breakfast every morning. A．for; to have B．of; to have C．for; have D．of; have 14. It’s necessary ________ teenagers ________ learn to manage their own stress. A．of; to B．for; to C．for; of D．of; for 15. We should be ________ in the library. A．quiet B．quietly C．quick D．quickly 二、完成句子 1.We learn English. It is very important.（合并句子） ________ very important for us ________ ________ ________. 2. To learn a new skill is interesting. (用it改写句子，保持句意不变) → ________________________________________ 3.多喝水对我们很重要。 ________ ________ ________ for us ________ ________ plenty of water. 4.对孩子们来说，在雪地里堆雪人是令人兴奋的。 ________ ________ ________ for children ________ ________ ________ in the snow. 5. 丹尼尔， 多锻炼对你很重要。 Daniel, it’s _______ _______ you _______ _______ more _______. 三、从方框中选择合适的形容词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 great, warm, heavy, exciting, comfortable, sunny, hot, rainy, dangerous, interesting, clean 1．I always wear a coat and a scarf in winter. 2．There is often rain in summer in the south of China. 3．It is to go skiing in winter. 4．The weather in spring is usually and pleasant. 5．It is to play in the street. 6．I like reading books in my free time. 7．It is to go swimming on a day. 8．The air in the countryside is fresh and . 9．It is in summer, so I like to eat ice cream. 10．You’d better take an umbrella on days. 一、语法选择 （25-26七年级上·广东广州·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。 Guangzhou is a beautiful city in the south of China. When spring comes, the weather becomes warm in Guangzhou. It is often cloudy and 1 . In March and April, there is 2 rain. During this time, people usually bring 3 umbrellas. Summer is from May to September in Guangzhou. It is quite long and hot. The 4 months are July and August. It is fun to take part 5 water activities in hot weather. During summer, bad weather 6 very often, such as thunderstorms (雷暴) and typhoons (台风). Autumn in Guangzhou is short. It lasts from October to early December. The weather is sunny and cool with little rain. Many tourists from 7 places go to Guangzhou for travel because it’s the best season of the year. And it’s amazing 8 picnics with family, too. Winter lasts from December to early March. It is a little cold, 9 it doesn’t snow often. January is the coldest month in Guangzhou, with the temperature ranging from 9℃ to 17℃. Different from cities in North China, Guangzhou becomes a world of flowers in January. You 10 see flower markets here and there before the Spring Festival. 1．A．rains B．rained C．rain D．rainy 2．A．a lot B．lots of C．a lots of D．lot of 3．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 4．A．hot B．hotter C．hottest D．hotness 5．A．at B．in C．of D．for 6．A．happening B．happened C．happen D．happens 7．A．other B．another C．others D．the others 8．A．having B．have C．has D．to have 9．A．or B．and C．but D．so 10．A．can B．must C．should D．need 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每空中填入一个适当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Grain Rain, the sixth solar term in the Chinese lunar calendar, 1 (arrive) around April 19 to April 21. It is 2 important time for sowing seeds, especially grains, as plenty of rainfall gives good conditions for their growth. In Fujian, farmers are busy 3 (plant) rice seedlings in the field. The sound of water pumps (水泵) fills the air, bringing life to the countryside. During Grain Rain, the tea plants in Fujian also grow 4 (quick). The tea picked at this time, called “Grain Rain tea,” is loved for 5 (it) fresh taste and healthy elements. Tea-lovers look forward to tasting this new tea. People believe that drinking Grain Rain tea can help keep the body strong. Moreover, the weather in Fujian during Grain Rain is usually much 6 (warm) and wetter. There are 7 (color) flowers everywhere. Many people also go outdoors to enjoy the beauty of nature. Some families have picnics by the riverside, while others visit famous 8 (place) in Fujian, such as Gulangyu Island in Xiamen. Grain Rain not only marks a key period for farming 9 brings joy and fun activities to people’s lives. It is a time to enjoy the life of spring and look forward to a big harvest 10 the near future. 1．（2026·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Grandma, let me help you carry the box. —No, thanks, dear. It’s not that ________. A．cheap B．small C．heavy D．old 2．（2026·吉林·中考真题）It’s ________ to use phones when you are crossing the road. A．strict B．heavy C．dangerous 3．（2026·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）We love our English teacher very much. She is ________ to everyone. A．kindly B．friendly C．warmly 4．（2026·安徽·中考真题）If you want to know the culture of a city, it’s a good way to enjoy the ________ food. A．free B．fast C．sweet D．local 5．（2026·福建·中考真题）Xiao Ya is ________ about life. She always looks on the bright side of things. A．hopeful B．curious C．nervous 6．（2026·天津·中考真题）Don’t be ________ to ask questions. Just be brave! A．afraid B．nice C．glad D．clear 7．（2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）Nature has a ________ power as it makes people relaxed after wandering in a park for just 20 minutes. A．magic B．weak C．strict D．harmful 8．（2026·四川乐山·中考真题）—The new school looks ________! —Yes. It’s just like a garden! A．beauty B．beautiful C．beautifully 9．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ________ in class. A．wake B．awake C．sleep D．asleep 10.（2025·山东东营·中考真题）Crows (乌鸦) are as ________ as 7-year-old kids. They can use tools and understand numbers. A．smart B．lovely C．careful D．outgoing 11．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）—There’s an exhibition on the discoveries in Sanxingdui. Are you ________? —Wonderful! I’ll go with you. A．interest B．interesting C．interested 12．（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）Zhang Hua saved a boy out of a fire yesterday. What a ________ young man! A．shy B．brave C．funny D．modest 13．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）I get up very early in the morning, so I often feel ________ in the afternoon. A．bored B．boring C．tired D．tiring 14．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）Lucy is a good reader. She is ________ to get the deep meaning of this book. A．too smart B．too slow C．smart enough D．slow enough 15．（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）A ________ flower does not make spring, while one hundred flowers in full blossom (盛开) bring spring to the garden. A．similar B．silent C．single D．simple ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 The seasons 课时3 Section 2 Grammar 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 类别 用法 例句 含义 描述人或事物的性质、特征或状态 She is happy.她很开心。 构成 “名词 + 后缀‑y” 可以构成形容词 (这种构词法尤其体现在表示天气的词汇上) rain →rainy ；wind →windy ; sun → sunny; snow → snowy ‑ed：多修饰人，表示 “(人) 感到…… 的 ‑ing：多修饰事物，表示 “(事物) 令人…… 的” I feel bored. The movie is boring. ‑ful：充满…… 的（肯定含义） ‑less：无 / 缺少…… 的（否定含义，互为反义词） careful 仔细的 /careless 粗心的 hopeful 充满希望的 /hopeless 无望的 功能 前置定语 大多数形容词作定语时位于名词之前 a beautiful flower 后置定语 ① 形容词修饰复合不定代词时必须置于其后 something important 后置定语 ② 表示长、宽、高、深或年龄的形容词前有数词或量词修饰时，这些形容词常位于名词之后 ten metres deep five years old 表语 位于系动词之后，构成 “主系表” 结构 The cake tastes sweet. 句型 用于 “It is + 形容词 (+for/of sb.)+to do sth.” 结构中 It is + 形容词 +{for/of}+sb.+to do sth. for： 当形容词 描述事物的特征；of： 当形容词 描述人的品格或性格特征 It is easy for me to finish the job. It is kind of you to help me. ) 一、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1.It’s Children’s Day. All the students are very ________ (excite). 【答案】excited 【详解】句意：今天是儿童节，所有学生都非常兴奋。句中be动词are后要用形容词作表语，主语all the students指人，修饰人要使用-ed结尾的形容词；excite是动词，修饰人的形容词形式为excited。 2.It’s ________ (sun) today. Let’s go and have a picnic in the park. 【答案】sunny 【详解】句意：今天是晴朗的。让我们去公园野餐吧。句中It’s后需要使用形容词作表语来描述天气，sun是名词，意为“太阳”，它对应的形容词形式为sunny，表示“晴朗的”，符合句意。 3.The T-shirt is _________ (difference) from that one. 【答案】different 【详解】句意：这件T恤和那一件不一样。本句中“is”后面需要接形容词作表语，括号内difference是名词，意为“差异”，形容词形式为different，意为“不同的”，与后面的from构成固定短语be different from，意为“与……不同”。故填different。 4.It’s ________ (wind) outside. Close the window. 【答案】windy 【详解】句意：外面刮风了。把窗户关上。 句中“It’s”是“It is”的缩写，系动词is后接形容词作表语。括号内的词“wind”是名词，意为“风”，其形容词形式为“windy”，意为“多风的；刮风的”。根据后句“Close the window.”可知，外面风大，故填windy。 5. I was ________ (surprise) to see the new mirror behind the door. 【答案】surprised 【详解】句意：看到门后的新镜子我很惊讶。 be surprised to do sth.表示“做某事感到惊讶”，此处表示人感到惊讶，用surprise的形容词形式surprised。 6. It’s always good to be ____________ (care). 【答案】careful 【详解】句意：小心谨慎总是好的。本句中be动词后需要形容词作表语，提示词care是名词/动词，需要变为表示“小心的、谨慎的”含义的形容词，careful符合要求。故填careful。 7.He is a ________ (care) boy. He always leaves things at home. 【答案】careless 【详解】句意：他是一个粗心的男孩，总是把东西落在家里。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰其后的名词“boy”作定语，需用形容词形式；根据后文“He always leaves things at home.”提示可知，此处指他做事丢三落四，具有否定意味，表示“粗心的”；“care”为名词或动词，其对应的表示“粗心的”的形容词形式为“careless”。 8. People here are ________ (friend), so many visitors would like to visit again. 【答案】friendly 【详解】句意：这里的人们很友善，所以很多游客愿意再来游览。空格前有系动词are，此处需要形容词作表语；名词friend对应的形容词为friendly，意为“友好的、友善的”。 9. Tom is polite and ________ (help) to people around him. 【答案】helpful 【详解】句意：汤姆很有礼貌，对周围的人也很乐于助人。根据“and”连接并列形容词，需填形容词作表语。help的形容词形式是helpful“乐于助人的”。 10.He was ________ (success) in his field. 【答案】successful 【详解】句意：他在自己的领域很成功。根据“was”可知，此处需要形容词作表语；success是名词，其形容词形式为successful，be successful in是固定短语，意为“在……方面成功”。故填successful。 一、单项选择 1.Mike is ________ to see his missing car. A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising D．to surprise 【答案】B 【详解】句意：迈克看到他那辆丢失的车很惊讶。 surprise惊讶；surprised感到惊讶的；surprising令人惊讶的；to surprise动词不定式。主语Mike是人，表示人的感受应用-ed结尾的形容词surprised，在句中作表语，be surprised to do意为“对……感到吃惊”。 2. This kind of shoes feels ________ and sells ________. A．good; well B．good; good C．well; well D．well; good 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这种鞋子摸起来很好，卖得也好。 good好的，形容词；well好，副词。第一空，feels是系动词，后跟形容词作表语，用good；第二空，此处是副词修饰动词sells，用well。 3. —What do you think of the movie—Avatar: Fire and Ash (阿凡达：火与烬). —I think it is very ________ and makes me ________ when watching it. A．interesting; excited B．interested; excited C．excited; interesting D．exciting; interesting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得电影《阿凡达：火与烬》怎么样？——我认为它非常有趣，看的时候让我很兴奋。 interesting有趣的，修饰物；interested感兴趣的，修饰人；excited兴奋的，修饰人；exciting令人兴奋的，修饰物。第一空主语是“it”指电影，应用修饰物的interesting；第二空是“make me…”，指人感到兴奋，应用excited。 4. The new smartphone is not ________ and I don’t have ________ to buy it. A．cheap enough; enough money B．expensive enough; money enough C．enough cheap; enough money D．enough expensive; money enough 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这款新智能手机不够便宜，而且我没有足够的钱买它。 考查enough的用法。enough作副词修饰形容词或副词时，应放在被修饰词之后，即“形容词/副词+enough”，排除CD；作形容词修饰名词时，通常放在名词之前，即“enough+名词”，排除B。故选A。 5. The house looks old, but all the things in it are very ________. A．large B．small C．modern D．long 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这房子看起来很旧，但里面的所有东西都很现代。 考查形容词辨析。large 大的；small 小的；modern现代化的；long 长的。根据句中转折连词“but”可知，前后内容是对比关系，前面说房子“old”，后面应表示里面的东西是“modern”。故选C。 6. —Look! So many people from other countries come to visit Wuhan now. —Yeah! Wuhan becomes a real ________ city. A．excellent B．different C．exciting D．international 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看！现在有这么多来自其他国家的人来武汉参观。——是啊！武汉变成了一个真正的国际化城市。 考查形容词词义辨析。excellent优秀的；different不同的；exciting令人兴奋的；international国际化的。根据“So many people from other countries come to visit Wuhan now.”可知，很多来自其他国家的人来武汉参观，说明武汉变得国际化。故选D。 7. Liu Jia is a ________ girl. And today is her ________ birthday. A．5 years old; five B．5 year old; fifth C．5-years-old; five D．5-year-old; fifth 【答案】D 【详解】句意：刘佳是一个5岁的女孩。今天是她的第五个生日。 考查复合形容词和序数词用法。5 years old五岁，作表语；five五，基数词；5 year old语法错误，year应为复数；fifth第五，序数词；5-years-old语法错误，连字符连接的名词用单数；5-year-old五岁的，复合形容词，作定语。第一空需用复合形容词“5-year-old”作定语修饰girl，复合形容词中的名词用单数且各词之间用连字符连接；第二空表示“第五个生日”，应用序数词fifth。故选D。 8. It is often ________ in winter in the north of China. A．snowed B．snows C．snowing D．snowy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国北方的冬天经常下雪。 考查形容词作表语。snowed下雪，过去式和过去分词；snows下雪，动词第三人称单数形式；snowing下雪，现在分词或动名词；snowy下雪的，形容词。句中“It is often...”后需接形容词作表语，描述天气特征，snowy符合用法。故选D。 9. We should eat more vegetables and fruit to keep ________. A．health B．healthy C．healthily D．unhealthy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该多吃蔬菜和水果来保持健康。 考查形容词作表语的用法。health健康，名词；healthy健康的，形容词；healthily健康地，副词；unhealthy不健康的，形容词。动词keep后需接形容词作表语，表示保持某种状态。根据句意，多吃蔬菜水果是为了保持健康的状态，因此需用形容词healthy。故选B。 10. It’s ________ these days, and it ________ heavily today. A．rain, rainy B．rainy, rain C．rainy, rains D．rainy, raining 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些天一直下雨，并且今天雨下得很大。 考查形容词的用法和动词时态。rain可作名词，意为“雨”，也可作动词，意为“下雨”；rainy是形容词，意为“下雨的”；raining是动词rain的现在分词形式。根据“It’s”可知，第一空应填形容词作表语，所以第一空填rainy；根据“it”和“heavily today”可知，第二空应填动词作谓语，且时态为一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式，所以第二空填rains。故选C。 11. It’s important for the disabled ________ the ability to make a living. A．to have B．have C．having D．has 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对残疾人来说，有谋生的能力是很重要的。 考查动词不定式作主语。it is adj. for sb. to do sth“做某事……”，动词不定式作主语，故选A。 12. ________ is important to save energy and water in our daily life. A．That B．This C．It D．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在日常生活中节约能源和水是很重要的。 That那个；This这个；It它；What什么。固定句型“It is + adj. + to do sth.”，意为“做某事是……的”，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to save energy and water。 13. It’s important ________ us ________ breakfast every morning. A．for; to have B．of; to have C．for; have D．of; have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每天早上吃早餐对我们来说很重要。 for为了；of……的。固定搭配“It is + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth.”，形容词用来描述事情的性质（important、easy、hard、difficult 等），用 for；形容词用来描述人的品质（kind、nice、clever 等），用 of；本句important是形容“吃早餐这件事”重要，不是形容人，故用for；其中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。应填for; to have。 14. It’s necessary ________ teenagers ________ learn to manage their own stress. A．of; to B．for; to C．for; of D．of; for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对于青少年来说，学会管理自己的压力是很有必要的。 形容词描述事情性质用for，描述人的品质用of；不定式作真正主语用to。本句中necessary（必要的）是形容“青少年学会管理压力”这件事，并非形容青少年本身，故第一空用for；第二空动词不定式作真正主语，用to。 15. We should be ________ in the library. A．quiet B．quietly C．quick D．quickly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们在图书馆应该保持安静。 quiet安静的，形容词；quietly安静地，副词；quick快速的，形容词；quickly快速地，副词。be动词后接形容词作表语，排除副词B和D，根据“in the library”可知，应保持安静。故选quiet。 二、完成句子 1.We learn English. It is very important.（合并句子） ________ very important for us ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 It’s to learn English 【详解】句意：学英语对我们来说很重要。此处考查句型It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth“做某事对于某人来说是……的”,It作句子形式主语，动词不定式to do作句子真正的主语。故填It’s；to；learn；English。 2. To learn a new skill is interesting. (用it改写句子，保持句意不变) → ________________________________________ 【答案】It is interesting to learn a new skill. 【详解】句意：学习一项新技能是有趣的。原句使用不定式短语“To learn a new skill”作主语，谓语是“is”，表语是形容词“interesting”。要求改为“it”形式主语结构，在英语中，当不定式作主语显得句子“头重脚轻”时，常用it作形式主语放在句首，而将真正的主语（不定式短语“to learn a new skill”）置于句末。谓语部分“is interesting”保持不变，结构为It is+adj.+to do sth.（做某事是……的）。将形容词interesting放在is之后，不定式to learn a new skill放在句末，故填It is interesting to learn a new skill。 3.多喝水对我们很重要。 ________ ________ ________ for us ________ ________ plenty of water. 【答案】 It’s very important to drink 【详解】原句中“多喝水……很重要”是关键词，对应固定句型“It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，其中It作形式主语，句首首字母大写，It is缩写为It’s，“很重要”对应very important，不定式to drink plenty of water作真正主语。故填It’s；very；important；to；drink。 4.对孩子们来说，在雪地里堆雪人是令人兴奋的。 ________ ________ ________ for children ________ ________ ________ in the snow. 【答案】 It is exciting to make snowmen 【详解】原句中“堆雪人”和“令人兴奋的”是关键词，固定句型It is+adj+for sb+to do sth，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，It为形式主语，后面的不定式为真正主语，“令人兴奋的”用来修饰事物“堆雪人这件事”，应用形容词exciting，注意首字母大写，因此前三空填It；is；exciting。表示“堆雪人”的短语是make snowmen，因此后三空分别填to；make；snowmen。 5. 丹尼尔， 多锻炼对你很重要。 Daniel, it’s _______ _______ you _______ _______ more _______. 【答案】 important for to take exercise 【详解】原句中“重要的”“对于”“锻炼”是关键词，本句使用固定句型It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.，important作形容词表示“重要的”，“对于”是介词for引出对象you；take exercise表示“锻炼”，to后接动词原形take构成真正主语。 三、从方框中选择合适的形容词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 great, warm, heavy, exciting, comfortable, sunny, hot, rainy, dangerous, interesting, clean 1．I always wear a coat and a scarf in winter. 2．There is often rain in summer in the south of China. 3．It is to go skiing in winter. 4．The weather in spring is usually and pleasant. 5．It is to play in the street. 6．I like reading books in my free time. 7．It is to go swimming on a day. 8．The air in the countryside is fresh and . 9．It is in summer, so I like to eat ice cream. 10．You’d better take an umbrella on days. 【答案】 1．warm 2．heavy 3．exciting 4．comfortable 5．dangerous 6．interesting 7． great sunny 8．clean 9．hot 10．rainy 【详解】1．句意：冬天我总会穿上保暖外套，围上围巾。warm温暖的，warm coat保暖外套，冬天穿暖和的外套抵御严寒，贴合生活场景。 2．句意：中国南方夏季常常下大雨。形容雨大常用heavy rain，为固定搭配。 3．句意：冬天去滑雪十分刺激。滑雪是一项刺激的运动，exciting（令人兴奋的）符合语境。 4．句意：春天的天气通常舒适宜人。comfortable舒适的，和pleasant（宜人的）并列，形容春天温度刚刚好，体感舒服。 5．句意：在马路上玩耍很危险。根据常识，在街上玩耍不安全，dangerous（危险的）符合语境。 6．句意：空闲时我喜欢读有趣的书。形容书籍吸引人，常用interesting（有趣的）。 7．句意：晴朗的日子去游泳很棒。It is great to do意为“做某事很棒；sunny晴朗的。晴朗的日子人们会去游泳解暑。故填great；sunny。 8．句意：乡下的空气清新又干净。clean干净的，用来形容空气带给人的舒适感受，与fresh并列。 9．句意：夏天天气炎热，所以我喜欢吃冰淇淋。夏天天气热才吃冰淇淋，hot（热的）符合逻辑。 10．句意：下雨天你最好带一把雨伞。下雨天才需要带伞，rainy（下雨的）修饰days，符合语境。 一、语法选择 （25-26七年级上·广东广州·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。 Guangzhou is a beautiful city in the south of China. When spring comes, the weather becomes warm in Guangzhou. It is often cloudy and 1 . In March and April, there is 2 rain. During this time, people usually bring 3 umbrellas. Summer is from May to September in Guangzhou. It is quite long and hot. The 4 months are July and August. It is fun to take part 5 water activities in hot weather. During summer, bad weather 6 very often, such as thunderstorms (雷暴) and typhoons (台风). Autumn in Guangzhou is short. It lasts from October to early December. The weather is sunny and cool with little rain. Many tourists from 7 places go to Guangzhou for travel because it’s the best season of the year. And it’s amazing 8 picnics with family, too. Winter lasts from December to early March. It is a little cold, 9 it doesn’t snow often. January is the coldest month in Guangzhou, with the temperature ranging from 9℃ to 17℃. Different from cities in North China, Guangzhou becomes a world of flowers in January. You 10 see flower markets here and there before the Spring Festival. 1．A．rains B．rained C．rain D．rainy 2．A．a lot B．lots of C．a lots of D．lot of 3．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 4．A．hot B．hotter C．hottest D．hotness 5．A．at B．in C．of D．for 6．A．happening B．happened C．happen D．happens 7．A．other B．another C．others D．the others 8．A．having B．have C．has D．to have 9．A．or B．and C．but D．so 10．A．can B．must C．should D．need 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了广州这座城市在春、夏、秋、冬四个季节的天气特点以及不同季节适合开展的活动。 【详解】 1．句意：天气经常多云多雨。 rains下雨，动词第三人称单数；rained下雨，动词过去式；rain下雨，动词原形；rainy多雨的，形容词。根据“cloudy”可知，此处需用形容词并列作表语。故选D。 2．句意：在三月和四月，有很多雨。 a lot很，副词短语，不修饰名词；lots of许多，修饰名词；a lots of错误表达；lot of错误表达。根据“…rain”可知，此处修饰名词。故选B。 3．句意：在这段时间，人们通常带他们的雨伞。 they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“bring…umbrellas”可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选C。 4．句意：最热的月份是七月和八月。 hot热的，原级；hotter更热的，比较级；hottest最热的，最高级；hotness热度，名词。根据“The…months are July and August.”可知，此处需用形容词最高级表示“最热的”。故选C。 5．句意：在炎热的天气里参加水上活动很有趣。 at在……； in在……里；of……的；for为了。take part in“参加……”，所以此处介词用in。故选B。 6．句意：在夏天，恶劣天气经常发生，比如暴风雨和台风。 happening发生，现在分词；happened发生，过去式；happen发生，动词原形；happens发生，动词第三人称单数。根据“often”可知，句子用一般现在时，主语“bad weather”是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选D。 7．句意：许多来自其他地方的游客来广州旅游，因为这是一年中最好的季节。 other其他的，后接复数名词；another另一个，后接单数名词；others其他，后不接名词；the others其余的，后不接名词。根据“places”可知，此处修饰复数名词。故选A。 8．句意：和家人一起野餐也很棒。 having有，动名词；have有，动词原形；has有，动词第三人称单数；to have有，动词不定式。It’s amazing to do something“做某事很棒”，不定式“to have”表示动作。故选D。 9．句意：天气有点冷，但不常下雪。 or或者；and和；but但是；so所以。根据“a little cold”和“doesn’t snow often”可知，前后是转折关系。故选C。 10．句意：春节前你可以到处看到花市。 can可以，能够；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据“Guangzhou becomes a world of flowers in January.”可知，广州的一月有很多鲜花，所以此处表示“能够看到花”。故选A。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每空中填入一个适当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Grain Rain, the sixth solar term in the Chinese lunar calendar, 1 (arrive) around April 19 to April 21. It is 2 important time for sowing seeds, especially grains, as plenty of rainfall gives good conditions for their growth. In Fujian, farmers are busy 3 (plant) rice seedlings in the field. The sound of water pumps (水泵) fills the air, bringing life to the countryside. During Grain Rain, the tea plants in Fujian also grow 4 (quick). The tea picked at this time, called “Grain Rain tea,” is loved for 5 (it) fresh taste and healthy elements. Tea-lovers look forward to tasting this new tea. People believe that drinking Grain Rain tea can help keep the body strong. Moreover, the weather in Fujian during Grain Rain is usually much 6 (warm) and wetter. There are 7 (color) flowers everywhere. Many people also go outdoors to enjoy the beauty of nature. Some families have picnics by the riverside, while others visit famous 8 (place) in Fujian, such as Gulangyu Island in Xiamen. Grain Rain not only marks a key period for farming 9 brings joy and fun activities to people’s lives. It is a time to enjoy the life of spring and look forward to a big harvest 10 the near future. 【答案】 1．arrives 2．an 3．planting 4．quickly 5．its 6．warmer 7．colorful 8．places 9．but 10．in 【导语】本文介绍了中国农历二十四节气之一的“谷雨”，包括其时间、农事活动、福建的采茶习俗以及人们在这一时节的户外活动。 【详解】 1．句意：谷雨，中国农历第六个节气，大约在4月19日至4月21日到来。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“Grain Rain”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用arrives。 2．句意：这是播种的一个重要时节。“important”以元音音素开头，且此处泛指“一个重要时节”，应用不定冠词an。 3．句意：在福建，农民们正忙着在田里插秧。“be busy doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”，应用planting。 4．句意：福建的茶树在谷雨期间也生长得很快。此处修饰动词“grow”，应用副词quickly。 5．句意：此时采摘的茶被称为“谷雨茶”，因其新鲜的口感和健康成分而受人喜爱。此处修饰名词短语“fresh taste”，应用形容词性物主代词its。 6．句意：此外，福建谷雨期间的天气通常更温暖、更湿润。由“and wetter”可知，此处与wetter并列，应用比较级warmer。 7．句意：到处都是五颜六色的花。此处修饰名词“flowers”，应用形容词colorful。 8．句意：一些家庭在河边野餐，而另一些人则去参观福建的著名景点。“place”为可数名词，此处表示多个景点，应用复数形式places。 9．句意：谷雨不仅标志着农事的关键时期，还给人们的生活带来了欢乐和有趣的活动。“not only...but (also)...”为固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，此处应用but。 10．句意：这是一个享受春天、期待在不久的将来迎来大丰收的时节。“in the near future”为固定短语，意为“在不久的将来”，应用介词in。 1．（2026·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Grandma, let me help you carry the box. —No, thanks, dear. It’s not that ________. A．cheap B．small C．heavy D．old 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——奶奶，让我帮你搬这个箱子吧。——不，谢谢，亲爱的。它没那么重。 cheap便宜的；small小的；heavy重的；old旧的。根据“No, thanks”可知，奶奶拒绝帮助是因为箱子不重，自己可以搬动，应填heavy。 2．（2026·吉林·中考真题）It’s ________ to use phones when you are crossing the road. A．strict B．heavy C．dangerous 【答案】C 【详解】句意：过马路时使用手机是危险的。 strict严格的；heavy重的；dangerous危险的。根据常识，过马路时使用手机会分散注意力，容易引发事故，因此是“危险的”，用dangerous。 3．（2026·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）We love our English teacher very much. She is ________ to everyone. A．kindly B．friendly C．warmly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们非常爱我们的英语老师。她对每个人都很友好。 kindly亲切地，副词；friendly友好的，形容词；warmly温暖地，副词。is是系动词，后接形容词作表语，friendly是形容词，且be friendly to意为“对……友好”。 4．（2026·安徽·中考真题）If you want to know the culture of a city, it’s a good way to enjoy the ________ food. A．free B．fast C．sweet D．local 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你想了解一个城市的文化，享受当地食物是一个好方法。 free免费的；fast快的；sweet甜的；local当地的。根据“If you want to know the culture of a city”可知，要了解城市文化，品尝当地的食物是最合适的方式。应填local。 5．（2026·福建·中考真题）Xiao Ya is ________ about life. She always looks on the bright side of things. A．hopeful B．curious C．nervous 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小雅对生活充满希望。她总是看到事物光明的一面。 hopeful充满希望的；curious好奇的；nervous紧张的。根据“She always looks on the bright side of things.”可知，她总是看到事物好的一面，说明对生活充满希望。应填hopeful。 6．（2026·天津·中考真题）Don’t be ________ to ask questions. Just be brave! A．afraid B．nice C．glad D．clear 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要害怕问问题。要勇敢！ afraid害怕的；nice友好的；glad高兴的；clear清楚的。根据后句“Just be brave!”可知是鼓励要勇敢，不要恐惧，be afraid to do sth.意为“害怕做某事”，符合语境。 7．（2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）Nature has a ________ power as it makes people relaxed after wandering in a park for just 20 minutes. A．magic B．weak C．strict D．harmful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大自然有一种神奇的力量，因为人们在公园里漫步仅仅20分钟后就会感到放松。 magic神奇的；weak虚弱的；strict严格的；harmful有害的。根据后半句“it makes people relaxed after wandering in a park for just 20 minutes”可知，自然能让人在短时间内放松，体现了其力量的神奇，应用magic表示“神奇的”。 8．（2026·四川乐山·中考真题）—The new school looks ________! —Yes. It’s just like a garden! A．beauty B．beautiful C．beautifully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这所新学校看起来很漂亮！——是的。它就像一个花园！   beauty美丽（名词）；beautiful漂亮的（形容词）；beautifully漂亮地（副词）。looks为系动词，后接形容词作表语。故选用beautiful。 9．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ________ in class. A．wake B．awake C．sleep D．asleep 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有时我在课堂上喝很多咖啡来保持清醒。 考查词汇辨析及形容词作表语。wake唤醒，动词；awake醒着的，形容词；sleep睡觉，动词或名词；asleep睡着的，形容词。根据“Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ... in class.”可知，喝咖啡是为了保持清醒，由“stay”可知，此处应该用形容词awake作表语。故选B。 10.（2025·山东东营·中考真题）Crows (乌鸦) are as ________ as 7-year-old kids. They can use tools and understand numbers. A．smart B．lovely C．careful D．outgoing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：乌鸦像7岁孩子一样聪明。它们能使用工具和理解数字。 考查形容词辨析。smart聪明的；lovely可爱的；careful小心的；outgoing外向的。根据“They can use tools and understand numbers.”可知，句子强调乌鸦的智力能力，即乌鸦是聪明的。故选A。 11．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）—There’s an exhibition on the discoveries in Sanxingdui. Are you ________? —Wonderful! I’ll go with you. A．interest B．interesting C．interested 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——三星堆有一个关于这些发现的展览。你有兴趣吗？——太棒了！我和你一起去。 考查形容词的用法和形容词辨析。interest兴趣，名词；interesting有趣的，形容词，形容物；interested感兴趣的，形容词，形容人。此处作be动词的表语用形容词，根据“Are you...”可知此处形容人，用interested。故选C。 12．（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）Zhang Hua saved a boy out of a fire yesterday. What a ________ young man! A．shy B．brave C．funny D．modest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：张华昨天从火里救了一个男孩。多么勇敢的一个年轻人啊！ 考查形容词辨析。shy害羞的；brave勇敢的；funny有趣的；modest谦虚的。根据上文“saved a boy out of a fire”可知，从火中救出了一个男孩，此处是称赞张华勇敢。故选B。 13．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）I get up very early in the morning, so I often feel ________ in the afternoon. A．bored B．boring C．tired D．tiring 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我早上起得很早，所以下午我经常感到很累。 考查形容词辨析。bored感到无聊的，修饰人；boring无聊的，修饰物；tired累的，修饰人；tiring累人的，修饰物。根据“I get up very early in the morning, so I often feel ... in the afternoon.”可知，早上起得早，下午就会感到很累，修饰人用tired。故选C。 14．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）Lucy is a good reader. She is ________ to get the deep meaning of this book. A．too smart B．too slow C．smart enough D．slow enough 【答案】C 【详解】句意：露西是个优秀的读者。她足够聪明，能够领会这本书的深层含义。 考查形容词辨析和enough后置。too smart太聪明；too slow太慢；smart enough足够聪明；slow enough足够慢。根据“She is ... to get the deep meaning of this book.”可知，她足够聪明，能够领会这本书的深层含义。故选C。 15．（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）A ________ flower does not make spring, while one hundred flowers in full blossom (盛开) bring spring to the garden. A．similar B．silent C．single D．simple 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。 考查形容词辨析。similar相似的；silent沉默的，寂静的；single单一的，单个的；simple简单的。句子通过“一朵花”与“一百朵花”的对比，阐述“个体”与“群体”的关系。“single”准确表达“单一、单个”的含义，与“one hundred”形成鲜明对比，此外，这是一句常见的谚语“a single flower”对应“一花”，是固定搭配的表达。故选C。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $