内容正文:
2026-2027学年上学期八年级英语单元词汇与语法巩固(人教版2024)
Unit 1 Happy Holiday语法巩固
目录
第一部分 要点回顾锁定基础 高效复习
第二部分 能力提升深度优化 扫清盲区
◇Part 01 要点回顾
复合不定代词的用法
单词
词义
句式
核心用法
要点
例句
some-系列
somebody
某人、有人
多用于肯定句;可用于希望得到肯定回答的委婉疑问句
1. 指代人,泛指不确定的某人;2. 单数概念,谓语动词用单数;3. 可被形容词后置修饰
口语常用,侧重“存在某人”,无特指
Somebody is waiting for you outside.(有人在外面等你。)
someone
某人、有人
同somebody
语法规则与somebody完全一致,单数谓语、后置修饰
书面语更常用,与somebody语义、用法完全等同,可互换
Someone has taken my pen by mistake.(有人误拿了我的钢笔。)
something
某事、某物
同somebody,肯定句为主,委婉问句可用
1. 指代事物,不指人;2. 单数谓语;3. 形容词必须后置修饰
仅用于事物,不可指代人;修饰词后置(something important 重要的事)
I have something interesting to tell you.(我有件有趣的事要告诉你。)
any-系列
anybody
任何人
多用于否定句、疑问句、条件句;肯定句中表“任何人”
1. 指代人,单数概念,谓语用单数;2. 无范围限制的泛指
肯定句中语气强,指“无论谁、任何人”,无例外
Is anybody in the classroom?(教室里有人吗?)
anyone
任何人
同anybody
语法规则与anybody完全一致,单数谓语、泛指人
书面语优先用anyone,口语多用anybody,可互换
Anyone can join this activity.(任何人都可以参加这项活动。)
anything
任何事、任何物
同anybody,否定、疑问、条件句为主;肯定句表泛指
1. 仅指代事物;2. 单数谓语;3. 形容词后置修饰
否定句中表“什么都没有”,肯定句表“任何事物”
I don't have anything to eat.(我没有任何东西可吃。)
no-系列
nobody
没有人、无人
各类句式均可,本身含完全否定含义,无需搭配not
1. 指代人,单数概念,谓语用单数;2. 等同于 not anybody
侧重“人数为零”,口语常用,语气直白
Nobody knows the answer.(没人知道答案。)
no one
没有人、无人
同nobody,自带否定意义
语法同nobody,单数谓语,仅指人
书面语正式,不可拆分;与nobody语义完全一致,可互换
No one was late for the meeting.(没有人开会迟到。)
nothing
没有东西、没有事
自带完全否定,无需not修饰
1. 仅指代事物;2. 单数谓语;3. 等同于 not anything
只用于事物,不可指人;修饰词后置
There is nothing wrong with the machine.(这台机器没有任何故障。)
every-系列
everybody
每个人、所有人
多用于肯定句,可用于疑问句、否定句(表部分否定)
1. 指代全体人,单数概念,谓语用单数;2. 侧重整体全部
口语常用,指代群体中每一个人,暗含全部涵盖
Everybody likes warm sunshine.(每个人都喜欢温暖的阳光。)
everyone
每个人、所有人
同everybody
语法规则与everybody完全一致,单数谓语、指代全体人
书面语正式,与everybody可无条件互换
Everyone should obey the rules.(所有人都应该遵守规则。)
everything
每件事、所有事物
以肯定句为主,否定句表部分否定
1. 仅指代事物、万物;2. 单数谓语;3. 修饰词后置
涵盖所有事物,无遗漏;否定句中不表完全否定
Everything is ready for the trip.(旅行的所有东西都准备好了。)
一般过去时用法归纳
一般过去时是英语基础时态之一,核心用于描述过去特定时间内发生的动作、存在的状态或过去习惯性动作,动作或状态现已结束,与当下无关联。
I.基本用法回顾
用法分类
解析
常用标志词
例句
说明
特定过去动作
表示在过去某个具体、明确的时间点一次性发生并完成的动作,动作持续时间可长可短,核心特点是动作已完结,不延续到现在。
yesterday(昨天)、last+时间(last week/last year)、just now(刚才)、at that time(在那时)、in+过去年份(in 2020)
1. I finished my homework yesterday.(我昨天完成了作业)2. He bought a bike last month.(他上个月买了一辆自行车)
易错点:不可与现在时间状语(today、now)连用;无需强调动作对现在的影响,区别于现在完成时
过去持续状态
表示过去某段时间内持续存在的状态、特征或情感,多搭配状态动词(be、have、like、know等),而非短暂动作动词。
for+过去时间段、from...to...(过去时段)、all day yesterday(昨天一整天)
1. She was very shy when she was a child.(她小时候很害羞)2. We lived in Beijing for five years.(我们曾在北京住了五年)
补充:该状态现在已改变,如例句中“现在不再害羞/已不住在北京”;短暂动词(go、come)不能用于此类持续用法
过去习惯性动作
表示过去经常性、习惯性发生的动作,暗含现在已不再有此习惯的含义,可体现过去的生活规律、喜好。
often/usually/sometimes(过去语境)、always、once a week(过去)、used to(过去常常)
1. I got up at 6 o'clock every day when I was in middle school.(我上中学时每天六点起床)2. He used to play basketball after school.(他过去常常放学后打篮球)
易错点:单纯频度副词可表过去习惯,used to是专属标志,仅用于过去,不用于现在;不可与now搭配
过去客观事实
描述过去时代的客观事实、自然现象、历史事件,是过去特定时期的既定事实,如今可能已不成立。
in the past(在过去)、in old times(在古代)、during that period(在那个时期)
1. People communicated by letters in the past.(过去人们靠书信交流)2. Dinosaurs lived on the earth millions of years ago.(数百万年前恐龙生活在地球上)
区分一般现在时:一般现在时表永恒客观真理,本用法仅表过去阶段性客观事实,现已改变或消失
II.一般过去时核心句式结构
句式类型
结构公式
例句
肯定句
主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他
They played football yesterday.(他们昨天踢了足球)
否定句
主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他(be动词除外:主语+was/were+not)
They didn't play football yesterday.She was not at home last night.
一般疑问句
Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?(be动词除外:Was/Were + 主语 + 其他?)
Did they play football yesterday?Was she at home last night?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
What did they do yesterday?
◇Part 02 能力提升
提|升|练|习
一、单项选择
1.—Alex, did________ help you clean the classroom yesterday?
—Yes, Mike did.
A.someone B.anyone C.everyone D.no one
2.________ is ready! It’s time for us to play basketball now.
A.Anything B.Nothing C.Everything D.Something
3.—Tom, this computer doesn’t work. Is there ________ with it?
—Sorry, I don’t know. Maybe we should ask someone for help.
A.something wrong B.anything wrong C.wrong something D.wrong anything
4.I really enjoy myself while reading books, and I can often find _________ in books.
A.nothing interesting B.interesting nothing
C.something interesting D.interesting something
5.On my first day at school, I’m a little shy because I don’t know ________ there.
A.anyone B.someone C.no one D.nothing
6.—Is there ________ special in the square?
—No, ________ is new here.
A.something; nothing B.anything; nothing
C.something; anything D.anything; something
7.You can’t see ________ strange in this ancient town.
A.somewhere B.anywhere C.something D.anything
8.She bought ________ special for her grandma as a holiday gift.
A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anywhere
9.—Who helped you tidy up?
—________. I finished it by myself.
A.Someone B.Anyone C.No one D.Everyone
10.— Next month we’re going________ as soon as the holiday begins.
— Sounds good.
A.somewhere interesting B.interesting somewhere
C.anywhere interesting D.interesting anywhere
11.—Is there ________ interesting in today’s magazine?
—Yes, there’s a story about space travel.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
12.—Did you go ________ interesting on your vacation?
—Yes, I went to Mount Huangshan.
A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere
13.The food was terrible. I ate ________ at lunchtime.
A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything
14.There is ________ wrong with my camera. I can’t take photos.
A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything
15.— Where did you go yesterday?
— I didn’t go ________. I stayed at home all day.
A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere
16.—Who did you go to the festival with?
—________. I went there alone.
A.Anyone B.Someone C.No one D.Everyone
17.He ________ his keys in the office, so he couldn’t open the door.
A.leaves B.left C.has left D.was leaving
18.She ________ her grandmother in the hospital yesterday.
A.visits B.visited C.has visited D.will visit
19.My mother ________ dinner at 6 pm last night.
A.cooks B.cooked C.has cooked D.will cook
20.— ________ you ________ the football match last night?
— Yes, it was exciting.
A.Do; watch B.Did; watch C.Have; watched D.Will; watch
21.________ in our class has read this book, so we all know the story.
A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody D.Everybody
22.—When ________ you ________ your old friend?
—Last month in Shanghai.
A.do; meet B.did; meet C.have; met D.will; meet
23.He ________ a new bike yesterday. It cost him 500 yuan.
A.buy B.buys C.bought D.has bought
24.He ________ to school by bike, but now he walks.
A.goes B.went C.has gone D.will go
25.I didn’t ________ anything because I was not hungry.
A.eat B.ate C.eating D.to eat
26.________ can finish the work alone. We need help.
A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody D.Everybody
27.My father ________ me a new phone as my birthday present.
A.gives B.gave C.has given D.will give
28.I ________ my homework, so I went to bed early.
A.finish B.finishes C.finished D.have finished
29.I don’t think ________ can solve this problem without your help.
A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody
30.The girl ________ a story to her little brother last night.
A.tells B.told C.has told D.is telling
31.He ________ the classroom and sat down quickly.
A.enters B.entered C.has entered D.was entering
32.She ________ very happy when she heard the news.
A.is B.was C.were D.has been
33.The teacher ________ us a lot of homework last Friday.
A.gives B.gave C.has given D.is giving
34.We ________ in the river yesterday afternoon. It was fun.
A.swim B.swam C.have swum D.will swim
35.They ________ to the park and ________ a good time there last week.
A.go; have B.went; have C.go; had D.went; had
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
36.They ________ (take) quite a few photos of Yulong Mountain.
37.I didn’t do ________ (something) special on vacation.
38.No one ________ (be) at home yesterday afternoon.
39.—Did you ________ (try) the steamed chicken soup?
—Yes, it tasted really good.
40.She ________ (visit) the museum with her friend last week.
41.Nobody but ________ (he) can take us towards the hill.
42.Did you go ________ (somewhere) fantastic on holiday?
43.We ________ (stay) in a small hotel for five days last month.
44.Tom ________ (meet) his old friend on his holiday.
45.My parents ________ (go) to Qingdao three days ago.
46.They ________ (climb) a famous mountain last week.
47.I ________ (spend) my holiday in the countryside last year.
48.He ________ (forget) his passport before he left for Moscow.
49.The boy ________ (show) his pictures of the rainbow to his classmates yesterday.
50.Many children ________ (feel) excited when they arrived at the sea of clouds.
三、完成句子
51.你上周去看望你的祖父母了吗?
________ you ________ your grandparents last week?
52.——你上周去了什么特别的地方吗?
——是的,我去了西岛。
—Did you go ________ ________ last week?
—Yes. I went to West Island.
53.他总是乐于尽其所能帮助贫困儿童。
He ________ always ________ ________ ________ his best to help poor children.
54.我昨天晚上自己做晚饭,因为我的父母出去了。
I cooked dinner ________ ________ last night because my parents were out.
55.我什么也不能做,只能待在家里,因为在下大雨。
I could ________ ________ ________ ________ at home because it rained heavily.
56.汤姆进入房间,走向沙发。
Tom came into the room and ________ ________ the sofa.
57.我们三天前回来了。
We ________ ________ three days ago.
58.昨天他拍了很多山的照片。
He ________ lots ________ ________ of the mountains yesterday.
59.昨天晚上他没有看电视。
He ________ ________ TV yesterday evening.
60.去年假期我去了一座小镇。
I ________ ________ a small town last holiday.
61.假期里你去哪里了?
________ ________ you ________ on your holiday?
62.寒假你经历过什么有趣的事情吗?
Did you experience ________ ________ during the winter vacation?
63.我实在太无聊了,于是决定找点东西读。
I was ________ bored ________ I decided ________ ________ something to read.
64.我站起身,朝大门走去,天边浮现出一道漂亮的彩虹。
I ________ ________ and ________ ________ the gate. There was a beautiful ________ across the sky.
65.暑假你有没有体验过什么有意思的事?
Did you experience ________ ________ in the summer holiday?
66.湖里有奇特的物件,你能看清吗?
There is ________ ________ in the lake. Can you see it clearly?
67.你可以去一些有趣的且有文化底蕴的地方放松一下。
You can go ________ ________ with rich culture to relax.
68.他什么都不说只是不停地干活。
He said ________ ________ just went on working.
69.如果周末天气晴朗,我们打算去森林公园郊游。
We plan to ________ ________ ________ ________ to the forest park this weekend if the weather is fine and sunny.
70.She is new here, so we don’t know anything about her. (同义句转换)
She is new here, so we ________ ________ about her.
四、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ann lived in Paris with her parents, but her grandfather lived in the west of America. It is a beautiful town 71 many hills. Last summer, Ann 72 (visit) her grandfather and had a trip in America. Nothing was more enjoyable 73 that. That day, she went to one of the most famous stadiums 74 (watch) an NBA match. Her favourite team beat the other team and she was really 75 (excite). But when the match was over, she 76 (forget) the way back to the town. What was worse, she was so careless that she didn’t take the right bus. 77 she noticed it, the bus got to its last stop—a small village in a mountain area. People there couldn’t understand 78 (she). It was already dark and Ann was quite worried. Suddenly, she remembered the things in her bag, 79 (especial) the photo of her grandfather’s town. She showed it to a man. Finally, the man took her to another bus. Two hours later, Ann got to her grandfather’s town 80 (safe).
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2026-2027学年上学期八年级英语单元词汇与语法巩固(人教版2024)
Unit 1 Happy Holiday语法巩固
目录
第一部分 要点回顾锁定基础 高效复习
第二部分 能力提升深度优化 扫清盲区
◇Part 01 要点回顾
复合不定代词的用法
单词
词义
句式
核心用法
要点
例句
some-系列
somebody
某人、有人
多用于肯定句;可用于希望得到肯定回答的委婉疑问句
1. 指代人,泛指不确定的某人;2. 单数概念,谓语动词用单数;3. 可被形容词后置修饰
口语常用,侧重“存在某人”,无特指
Somebody is waiting for you outside.(有人在外面等你。)
someone
某人、有人
同somebody
语法规则与somebody完全一致,单数谓语、后置修饰
书面语更常用,与somebody语义、用法完全等同,可互换
Someone has taken my pen by mistake.(有人误拿了我的钢笔。)
something
某事、某物
同somebody,肯定句为主,委婉问句可用
1. 指代事物,不指人;2. 单数谓语;3. 形容词必须后置修饰
仅用于事物,不可指代人;修饰词后置(something important 重要的事)
I have something interesting to tell you.(我有件有趣的事要告诉你。)
any-系列
anybody
任何人
多用于否定句、疑问句、条件句;肯定句中表“任何人”
1. 指代人,单数概念,谓语用单数;2. 无范围限制的泛指
肯定句中语气强,指“无论谁、任何人”,无例外
Is anybody in the classroom?(教室里有人吗?)
anyone
任何人
同anybody
语法规则与anybody完全一致,单数谓语、泛指人
书面语优先用anyone,口语多用anybody,可互换
Anyone can join this activity.(任何人都可以参加这项活动。)
anything
任何事、任何物
同anybody,否定、疑问、条件句为主;肯定句表泛指
1. 仅指代事物;2. 单数谓语;3. 形容词后置修饰
否定句中表“什么都没有”,肯定句表“任何事物”
I don't have anything to eat.(我没有任何东西可吃。)
no-系列
nobody
没有人、无人
各类句式均可,本身含完全否定含义,无需搭配not
1. 指代人,单数概念,谓语用单数;2. 等同于 not anybody
侧重“人数为零”,口语常用,语气直白
Nobody knows the answer.(没人知道答案。)
no one
没有人、无人
同nobody,自带否定意义
语法同nobody,单数谓语,仅指人
书面语正式,不可拆分;与nobody语义完全一致,可互换
No one was late for the meeting.(没有人开会迟到。)
nothing
没有东西、没有事
自带完全否定,无需not修饰
1. 仅指代事物;2. 单数谓语;3. 等同于 not anything
只用于事物,不可指人;修饰词后置
There is nothing wrong with the machine.(这台机器没有任何故障。)
every-系列
everybody
每个人、所有人
多用于肯定句,可用于疑问句、否定句(表部分否定)
1. 指代全体人,单数概念,谓语用单数;2. 侧重整体全部
口语常用,指代群体中每一个人,暗含全部涵盖
Everybody likes warm sunshine.(每个人都喜欢温暖的阳光。)
everyone
每个人、所有人
同everybody
语法规则与everybody完全一致,单数谓语、指代全体人
书面语正式,与everybody可无条件互换
Everyone should obey the rules.(所有人都应该遵守规则。)
everything
每件事、所有事物
以肯定句为主,否定句表部分否定
1. 仅指代事物、万物;2. 单数谓语;3. 修饰词后置
涵盖所有事物,无遗漏;否定句中不表完全否定
Everything is ready for the trip.(旅行的所有东西都准备好了。)
一般过去时用法归纳
一般过去时是英语基础时态之一,核心用于描述过去特定时间内发生的动作、存在的状态或过去习惯性动作,动作或状态现已结束,与当下无关联。
I.基本用法回顾
用法分类
解析
常用标志词
例句
说明
特定过去动作
表示在过去某个具体、明确的时间点一次性发生并完成的动作,动作持续时间可长可短,核心特点是动作已完结,不延续到现在。
yesterday(昨天)、last+时间(last week/last year)、just now(刚才)、at that time(在那时)、in+过去年份(in 2020)
1. I finished my homework yesterday.(我昨天完成了作业)2. He bought a bike last month.(他上个月买了一辆自行车)
易错点:不可与现在时间状语(today、now)连用;无需强调动作对现在的影响,区别于现在完成时
过去持续状态
表示过去某段时间内持续存在的状态、特征或情感,多搭配状态动词(be、have、like、know等),而非短暂动作动词。
for+过去时间段、from...to...(过去时段)、all day yesterday(昨天一整天)
1. She was very shy when she was a child.(她小时候很害羞)2. We lived in Beijing for five years.(我们曾在北京住了五年)
补充:该状态现在已改变,如例句中“现在不再害羞/已不住在北京”;短暂动词(go、come)不能用于此类持续用法
过去习惯性动作
表示过去经常性、习惯性发生的动作,暗含现在已不再有此习惯的含义,可体现过去的生活规律、喜好。
often/usually/sometimes(过去语境)、always、once a week(过去)、used to(过去常常)
1. I got up at 6 o'clock every day when I was in middle school.(我上中学时每天六点起床)2. He used to play basketball after school.(他过去常常放学后打篮球)
易错点:单纯频度副词可表过去习惯,used to是专属标志,仅用于过去,不用于现在;不可与now搭配
过去客观事实
描述过去时代的客观事实、自然现象、历史事件,是过去特定时期的既定事实,如今可能已不成立。
in the past(在过去)、in old times(在古代)、during that period(在那个时期)
1. People communicated by letters in the past.(过去人们靠书信交流)2. Dinosaurs lived on the earth millions of years ago.(数百万年前恐龙生活在地球上)
区分一般现在时:一般现在时表永恒客观真理,本用法仅表过去阶段性客观事实,现已改变或消失
II.一般过去时核心句式结构
句式类型
结构公式
例句
肯定句
主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他
They played football yesterday.(他们昨天踢了足球)
否定句
主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他(be动词除外:主语+was/were+not)
They didn't play football yesterday.She was not at home last night.
一般疑问句
Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?(be动词除外:Was/Were + 主语 + 其他?)
Did they play football yesterday?Was she at home last night?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
What did they do yesterday?
◇Part 02 能力提升
提|升|练|习
一、单项选择
1.—Alex, did________ help you clean the classroom yesterday?
—Yes, Mike did.
A.someone B.anyone C.everyone D.no one
2.________ is ready! It’s time for us to play basketball now.
A.Anything B.Nothing C.Everything D.Something
3.—Tom, this computer doesn’t work. Is there ________ with it?
—Sorry, I don’t know. Maybe we should ask someone for help.
A.something wrong B.anything wrong C.wrong something D.wrong anything
4.I really enjoy myself while reading books, and I can often find _________ in books.
A.nothing interesting B.interesting nothing
C.something interesting D.interesting something
5.On my first day at school, I’m a little shy because I don’t know ________ there.
A.anyone B.someone C.no one D.nothing
6.—Is there ________ special in the square?
—No, ________ is new here.
A.something; nothing B.anything; nothing
C.something; anything D.anything; something
7.You can’t see ________ strange in this ancient town.
A.somewhere B.anywhere C.something D.anything
8.She bought ________ special for her grandma as a holiday gift.
A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anywhere
9.—Who helped you tidy up?
—________. I finished it by myself.
A.Someone B.Anyone C.No one D.Everyone
10.— Next month we’re going________ as soon as the holiday begins.
— Sounds good.
A.somewhere interesting B.interesting somewhere
C.anywhere interesting D.interesting anywhere
11.—Is there ________ interesting in today’s magazine?
—Yes, there’s a story about space travel.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
12.—Did you go ________ interesting on your vacation?
—Yes, I went to Mount Huangshan.
A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere
13.The food was terrible. I ate ________ at lunchtime.
A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything
14.There is ________ wrong with my camera. I can’t take photos.
A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything
15.— Where did you go yesterday?
— I didn’t go ________. I stayed at home all day.
A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere
16.—Who did you go to the festival with?
—________. I went there alone.
A.Anyone B.Someone C.No one D.Everyone
17.He ________ his keys in the office, so he couldn’t open the door.
A.leaves B.left C.has left D.was leaving
18.She ________ her grandmother in the hospital yesterday.
A.visits B.visited C.has visited D.will visit
19.My mother ________ dinner at 6 pm last night.
A.cooks B.cooked C.has cooked D.will cook
20.— ________ you ________ the football match last night?
— Yes, it was exciting.
A.Do; watch B.Did; watch C.Have; watched D.Will; watch
21.________ in our class has read this book, so we all know the story.
A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody D.Everybody
22.—When ________ you ________ your old friend?
—Last month in Shanghai.
A.do; meet B.did; meet C.have; met D.will; meet
23.He ________ a new bike yesterday. It cost him 500 yuan.
A.buy B.buys C.bought D.has bought
24.He ________ to school by bike, but now he walks.
A.goes B.went C.has gone D.will go
25.I didn’t ________ anything because I was not hungry.
A.eat B.ate C.eating D.to eat
26.________ can finish the work alone. We need help.
A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody D.Everybody
27.My father ________ me a new phone as my birthday present.
A.gives B.gave C.has given D.will give
28.I ________ my homework, so I went to bed early.
A.finish B.finishes C.finished D.have finished
29.I don’t think ________ can solve this problem without your help.
A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody
30.The girl ________ a story to her little brother last night.
A.tells B.told C.has told D.is telling
31.He ________ the classroom and sat down quickly.
A.enters B.entered C.has entered D.was entering
32.She ________ very happy when she heard the news.
A.is B.was C.were D.has been
33.The teacher ________ us a lot of homework last Friday.
A.gives B.gave C.has given D.is giving
34.We ________ in the river yesterday afternoon. It was fun.
A.swim B.swam C.have swum D.will swim
35.They ________ to the park and ________ a good time there last week.
A.go; have B.went; have C.go; had D.went; had
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
36.They ________ (take) quite a few photos of Yulong Mountain.
37.I didn’t do ________ (something) special on vacation.
38.No one ________ (be) at home yesterday afternoon.
39.—Did you ________ (try) the steamed chicken soup?
—Yes, it tasted really good.
40.She ________ (visit) the museum with her friend last week.
41.Nobody but ________ (he) can take us towards the hill.
42.Did you go ________ (somewhere) fantastic on holiday?
43.We ________ (stay) in a small hotel for five days last month.
44.Tom ________ (meet) his old friend on his holiday.
45.My parents ________ (go) to Qingdao three days ago.
46.They ________ (climb) a famous mountain last week.
47.I ________ (spend) my holiday in the countryside last year.
48.He ________ (forget) his passport before he left for Moscow.
49.The boy ________ (show) his pictures of the rainbow to his classmates yesterday.
50.Many children ________ (feel) excited when they arrived at the sea of clouds.
三、完成句子
51.你上周去看望你的祖父母了吗?
________ you ________ your grandparents last week?
52.——你上周去了什么特别的地方吗?
——是的,我去了西岛。
—Did you go ________ ________ last week?
—Yes. I went to West Island.
53.他总是乐于尽其所能帮助贫困儿童。
He ________ always ________ ________ ________ his best to help poor children.
54.我昨天晚上自己做晚饭,因为我的父母出去了。
I cooked dinner ________ ________ last night because my parents were out.
55.我什么也不能做,只能待在家里,因为在下大雨。
I could ________ ________ ________ ________ at home because it rained heavily.
56.汤姆进入房间,走向沙发。
Tom came into the room and ________ ________ the sofa.
57.我们三天前回来了。
We ________ ________ three days ago.
58.昨天他拍了很多山的照片。
He ________ lots ________ ________ of the mountains yesterday.
59.昨天晚上他没有看电视。
He ________ ________ TV yesterday evening.
60.去年假期我去了一座小镇。
I ________ ________ a small town last holiday.
61.假期里你去哪里了?
________ ________ you ________ on your holiday?
62.寒假你经历过什么有趣的事情吗?
Did you experience ________ ________ during the winter vacation?
63.我实在太无聊了,于是决定找点东西读。
I was ________ bored ________ I decided ________ ________ something to read.
64.我站起身,朝大门走去,天边浮现出一道漂亮的彩虹。
I ________ ________ and ________ ________ the gate. There was a beautiful ________ across the sky.
65.暑假你有没有体验过什么有意思的事?
Did you experience ________ ________ in the summer holiday?
66.湖里有奇特的物件,你能看清吗?
There is ________ ________ in the lake. Can you see it clearly?
67.你可以去一些有趣的且有文化底蕴的地方放松一下。
You can go ________ ________ with rich culture to relax.
68.他什么都不说只是不停地干活。
He said ________ ________ just went on working.
69.如果周末天气晴朗,我们打算去森林公园郊游。
We plan to ________ ________ ________ ________ to the forest park this weekend if the weather is fine and sunny.
70.She is new here, so we don’t know anything about her. (同义句转换)
She is new here, so we ________ ________ about her.
四、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ann lived in Paris with her parents, but her grandfather lived in the west of America. It is a beautiful town 71 many hills. Last summer, Ann 72 (visit) her grandfather and had a trip in America. Nothing was more enjoyable 73 that. That day, she went to one of the most famous stadiums 74 (watch) an NBA match. Her favourite team beat the other team and she was really 75 (excite). But when the match was over, she 76 (forget) the way back to the town. What was worse, she was so careless that she didn’t take the right bus. 77 she noticed it, the bus got to its last stop—a small village in a mountain area. People there couldn’t understand 78 (she). It was already dark and Ann was quite worried. Suddenly, she remembered the things in her bag, 79 (especial) the photo of her grandfather’s town. She showed it to a man. Finally, the man took her to another bus. Two hours later, Ann got to her grandfather’s town 80 (safe).
参考答案
一、
1.B
【解析】句意:——亚历克斯,昨天有人帮你打扫教室吗?——是的,迈克帮了。
someone某人;anyone任何人;everyone每个人;no one没有人。根据“Did...help you...?”可知,本句是一般疑问句,在一般疑问句中通常使用anyone,询问“有没有人帮你打扫教室”。someone一般用于肯定句中,不符合语境。应填anyone。
2.C
【解析】句意:一切都准备好了!现在是我们打篮球的时候了。
Anything任何事;Nothing没有什么事;Everything一切事;Something某事。根据“It’s time for us to play basketball now.”可知,现在是我们打篮球的时候,说明“所有事情”都准备好了,应填Everything。
3.B
【解析】句意:——汤姆,这台电脑不工作了。它有什么毛病吗?——抱歉,我不知道。也许我们应该找人帮忙。
wrong“有毛病;不正常”,形容词;something常用于肯定句;anything常用于否定句和疑问句。形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词之后,排除C、D选项;本句为一般疑问句,排除A选项,应填anything wrong。
4.C
【解析】句意:我在读书时真的很享受,而且我经常能在书中找到有趣的东西。
nothing interesting没有什么有趣的东西;interesting nothing语序错误;something interesting有趣的东西;interesting something语序错误。 根据“I really enjoy myself while reading books”,表达在书中找到“有趣的东西”这一肯定含义。应填something interesting。
5.A
【解析】句意:在我上学的第一天,我有点害羞,因为我不认识那里的任何人。
anyone任何人;someone某人;no one没有人;nothing没有什么事。根据“don’t know”可知本句是否定句;结合句意,表达“不认识任何人”。否定句中表示“任何人”用anyone。
6.B
【解析】句意:——广场上有什么特别的东西吗?——没有,这里没什么新东西。
something某事、某物,常用于肯定句;anything任何事、任何物,常用于疑问句或否定句;nothing没有什么。第一空所在句子为一般疑问句,故用anything;第二空根据回答“No”可知,此处表否定,指没什么新事物,故用nothing。
7.D
【解析】句意:在这个古镇里你看不见任何奇怪的东西。
somewhere某地;anywhere任何地方;something某事/某物;anything任何事/任何物。根据“can’t”可知本句为否定句,see后接宾语指物,形容词strange修饰不定代词需后置。应填anything。
8.B
【解析】句意:她给奶奶买了一些特别的东西作为节日礼物。
nothing没有什么;something一些事物;everything一切事物;anywhere任何地方。根据“as a holiday gift”可知,此处表示物品作为礼物。句子为肯定句结构,something表示“一些东西”。故选B。
9.C
【解析】句意:——谁帮你整理的?——没有人。我自己完成的。
Someone某人;Anyone任何人;No one没有人;Everyone每个人。根据“I finished it by myself.”可知是独自完成的,说明没有人帮忙,应填No one。
10.A
【解析】句意:——假期一开始,下个月我们打算去某个有趣的地方。——听起来不错。
somewhere interesting某个有趣的地方;interesting somewhere语序有误;anywhere interesting 任何有趣的地方;interesting anywhere 语序有误。本句为肯定句,使用somewhere;形容词修饰不定地点副词时,形容词后置,因此选用somewhere interesting。
11.B
【解析】句意:——今天的杂志里有什么有趣的内容吗?——是的,有一个关于太空旅行的故事。
something某事/某物(用于肯定句);anything任何事物(用于否定句和疑问句);nothing没有什么;everything一切事物。形容词修饰不定代词需后置。本句为一般疑问句,通常用anything。
12.B
【解析】句意:——你假期去什么有趣的地方了吗?——是的,我去了黄山。
somewhere某处;anywhere任何地方;nowhere无处;everywhere到处。根据“Did you go...?”可知,句子为一般疑问句,在疑问句中通常应用anywhere。
13.C
【解析】句意:食物太糟糕了。我午餐什么都没吃。
everything所有东西;something某物;nothing什么都没有;anything任何东西。根据前句“The food was terrible”可知,食物难吃导致完全没进食,应选nothing。
14.C
【解析】句意:我的相机出了一些毛病。我不能拍照了。
nothing没有什么;anything任何事;something某事/某物;everything每件事。根据后句“I can’t take photos.”可知相机确实出了问题,且本句为肯定句,应使用something表示“某事/某物”。
15.B
【解析】句意:——你昨天去哪里了?——我没去任何地方。我整天待在家里。
somewhere某处;anywhere任何地方;nowhere没有地方;everywhere到处。根据“I didn’t go…”是否定句可知,否定句中应用anywhere表示“任何地方”。应填anywhere。
16.C
【解析】句意:——你和谁一起去参加节日庆典的?——没有人。我一个人去的。
Anyone任何人;Someone某人;No one没有人;Everyone每个人。根据答语后句“I went there alone.”可知,作者是独自去的,说明没有人和他一起,应填No one。
17.B
【解析】句意:他把钥匙落在办公室了,所以他没法开门了。
根据“so he couldn’t open the door”,是一般过去时,说明整个句子描述的是过去发生的事件,前句把钥匙落在办公室也是发生在过去的动作,所以left符合。
18.B
【解析】句意:她昨天去医院看望了她的祖母。
句中时间状语yesterday表示过去的时间,句子需使用一般过去时。只有visited符合句子时态要求。
19.B
【解析】句意:我妈妈昨晚六点做了晚饭。
根据时间状语“at 6 pm last night”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,过去式cooked符合语境。
20.B
【解析】句意:——你昨晚看足球比赛了吗?——看了,比赛很精彩。
Do用于一般现在时;Did用于一般过去时疑问句助动词;Have用于现在完成时;Will用于一般将来时。句中“last night”表示“昨晚”,是一般过去时标志性时间状语,一般过去时一般疑问句需用助动词Did,后面动词还原为原形watch,故选B。
21.D
【解析】句意:我们班每个人都读了这本书,所以我们都知道这个故事。
Somebody某人;Anybody任何人;Nobody没有人;Everybody每个人。根据后半句“so we all know the story”可知,既然我们都知道这个故事,说明班里每个人都读了这本书。
22.B
【解析】句意:——你什么时候遇见你的老朋友的?——上个月在上海。
根据答语“Last month”可知,动作发生在过去,需用一般过去时。特殊疑问句中助动词用did,谓语动词用原形meet。
23.C
【解析】句意:他昨天买了一辆新自行车。它花了他500元。
根据时间状语“yesterday”可知,动作发生在过去,应使用一般过去时。应填bought。
24.B
【解析】句意:他过去骑自行车去上学,但现在他步行。
根据后半句“but now he walks”可知,前半句描述的是过去的情况,与现在形成对比,应用一般过去时。
25.A
【解析】句意:我什么都没吃,因为我不饿。
助动词“didn’t”后接动词原形,此处用eat。
26.C
【解析】句意:没人能独自完成这项工作,我们需要帮助。
Somebody某人;Anybody任何人;Nobody没人;Everybody每个人。根据“We need help”可知,前半句表示“没人能独自完成”,用Nobody符合语境。
27.B
【解析】句意:我的爸爸给我一部新手机作为我的生日礼物。
这个句子描述的是“爸爸给我一部新手机作为我的生日礼物”这个已经发生的动作,需要使用一般过去时,故选gave。
28.C
【解析】句意:我完成了我的作业,所以我早早就睡了。
finish完成;finishes完成;finished完成;have finished已经完成。根据后半句“so I went to bed early”中的“went”可知,句子描述的是过去发生的事情,前后时态应保持一致,故前半句也应用一般过去时。
29.B
【解析】句意:我认为没有你的帮助,任何人都解决不了这个问题。
somebody某人(常用于肯定句);anybody任何人(常用于否定句、疑问句);nobody没有人;everybody每个人。本句为否定转移结构,结合语境表达“任何人都不能”,应填anybody。
30.B
【解析】句意:这个女孩昨晚给她的弟弟讲了一个故事。
tells(一般现在时);told(一般过去时,tell的过去式);has told(现在完成时);is telling(现在进行时)。时间标志词last night(昨晚)表示过去发生的动作,句子需要使用一般过去时。
31.B
【解析】句意:他进入教室并迅速坐下。
enters进入(第三人称单数);entered进入(过去式);has entered已经进入(现在完成时);was entering正在进入(过去进行时)。根据句中并列连词“and”后的动词“sat”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作,前后时态应保持一致,因此空格处也应填一般过去时。
32.B
【解析】句意:当她听到这个消息时,她是很开心的。
is是;was是;were是;has been已经是。根据从句谓语“heard”可知,时态为一般过去时,主语She是第三人称单数,be动词应用was。
33.B
【解析】句意:老师上周五给我们布置了很多家庭作业。
根据时间状语“last Friday”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。应填gave。
34.B
【解析】句意:昨天下午我们在河里游泳了。很有趣。
swim游泳(原形);swam游泳(过去式);have swum已经游泳(现在完成时);will swim将要游泳(将来时)。根据时间状语“yesterday afternoon”可知动作发生在过去,句子应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式swam。
35.D
【解析】句意:他们上周去了公园,在那里玩得很开心。
时间标志词last week(上周)表示过去时间,句子要用一般过去时;and连接两个并列谓语动词,时态需要保持一致,均使用过去式。应填went;had。
二、
36.took
【解析】句意:他们拍了相当多玉龙雪山的照片。句中描述过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时。take的过去式为took,故填took。
37.anything
【解析】句意:我在假期里没做什么特别的事。根据“didn’t do”可知,本句为否定句;复合不定代词something通常用于肯定句中,而在否定句和疑问句中需变为anything。something在否定句中应用anything。
38.was
【解析】句意:昨天下午没有人在家。句中有时间状语“yesterday afternoon”(昨天下午),表明句子时态为一般过去时。主语“No one”是不定代词,作主语时谓语动词需用单数形式。be动词在一般过去时中的单数形式是was。
39.try
【解析】句意:——你尝过这道清蒸鸡汤了吗?——是的,味道真的很好。try意为“尝试”,问句是助动词did引导的一般过去时的一般疑问句,助动词did后,实义动词用原形,故此处填try。
40.visited
【解析】句意:她上周和她的朋友参观了博物馆。句中“last week”为过去的时间状语,提示动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时;“visit”的过去式直接在词尾加“‑ed”,因此填写“visited”。
41.him
【解析】句意:除了他,没人能带我们往山上走。but在这里是介词,意思是“除了”,介词后面要使用人称代词的宾格形式,人称代词he的宾格是him。
42.anywhere
【解析】句意:你假期去了什么特别棒的地方吗?somewhere常用于肯定句中,表示“某个地方”;而anywhere多用于否定句和疑问句中,本句是一般疑问句,所以要把somewhere变为anywhere。
43.stayed
【解析】句意:我们上个月在一家小旅馆里住了五天。根据“for five days last month”可知,句子应用一般过去时,且stay的过去式是stayed。
44.met
【解析】句意:汤姆在假期里遇到了他的老朋友。句中“on his holiday”通常指过去已经度过的一段假期,表示动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。meet的过去式为不规则变化met。
45.went
【解析】句意:三天前我的父母去了青岛。根据“three days ago”可知,此处用一般过去时,go的过去式是went。
46.climbed
【解析】句意:他们上周爬了一座著名的山。时间状语“last week”表示过去发生的动作,谓语动词需用一般过去时,climb的过去式为climbed。
47.spent
【解析】句意:去年我在乡下度假。时间状语last year(去年)表明时态为一般过去时。spend的过去式是不规则变化spent,表示“度过(时光)”。
48.had forgotten
【解析】句意:在动身前往莫斯科之前,他就已经忘了自己的护照。forget“忘记”,句中存在“before”引导的时间状语从句,从句动作left用了一般过去时,“忘记护照”这个动作发生在“动身去莫斯科”这个过去动作之前,属于“过去的过去”,需要用过去完成时,forget的过去完成时形式是had forgotten。
49.showed
【解析】句意:这个男孩昨天向同学们展示了他的彩虹照片。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知,句子表示过去发生的动作,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,应填showed。
50.felt
【解析】句意:很多孩子到达云海的时候感到很兴奋。时间状语从句arrived为一般过去时,主句时态保持一致,feel的过去式是felt。
三、
51. Did visit
【解析】原句中“看望了吗”是关键词,“看望”的英文为visit,“last week”为过去时间状语,句子为一般过去时的一般疑问句,主语“you”为第二人称,需借助助动词“Did”置于句首,谓语动词为visit。
52. anywhere special
【解析】原句中“什么特别的地方”是关键词,本句为一般疑问句,表示“什么地方/任何地方”应用anywhere;“特别的”对应英文单词是special。形容词special修饰不定副词要后置。故填anywhere;special。
53. is willing to try
【解析】原文中“乐于做某事”是关键词,对应的常用英语短语是“be willing to do”;中文“尽其所能”也是关键词,对应的常用英语短语是“try one’s best”;主语是He,句子描述的是一种常态,时态为一般现在时,因此be动词使用is,后文已有his best,后面依次填入willing to try,应填is;willing;to;try。
54. by myself
【解析】原句中“自己”是关键词,表示“独自、自己”的短语是by oneself,主语为I,需用myself。故填by;myself。
55. do nothing but stay
【解析】原句中关键词“什么也不能做,只能……”对应英文中的固定搭配do nothing but do sth.。情态动词could后面接动词原形do;but在此处意为“除了”,其后接省略to的不定式,所以“待”用stay。
56. walked towards
【解析】原句的关键词是“走向”。表示“走向”的英文短语是walk towards,walk“走”,是动词,由谓语动词“came”和并列连词“and”可知,此处应填其过去式walked;towards“朝、向”,是介词。故填walked;towards。
57. came back
【解析】come back是固定短语,意为“回来”;根据时间状语“three days ago”可知,“回来的”动作发生在过去,因此句子用一般过去时,谓语动词需使用过去式came。
58. took of photos
【解析】take photos是固定短语,意为“拍照”;根据“yesterday”可知,句子描述过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,take应用过去式took;lots of意为“很多”,因此空二填of。
59. didn’t watch
【解析】原句中“没有看”是关键信息,时间状语yesterday evening表示过去时间,一般过去时否定句式用didn’t+动词原形;watch TV是观看电视的固定搭配,助动词后使用原形watch,符合时态规则与句子语境。
60. went to
【解析】原句“去了”是关键词。时间状语last holiday表示过去的时间,动词go需要使用过去式went;go to+地点是去往某地的固定搭配,符合一般过去时用法与句子语境。
61. Where did go
【解析】原句“去哪里”是关键词。根据中文“哪里”,可知对地点提问,应用特殊疑问词where,注意句首单词首字母大写;根据“on your holiday”,句子描述假期里去的地方,应用一般过去时;go意为“去”,是实义动词,变疑问句时需借助助动词did,放在主语“you”之前;助动词did后跟动词原形,因此空三填go。
62. anything interesting
【解析】原句中“什么有趣的事情”是关键词,本句为一般疑问句,疑问句中不定代词应用anything,“有趣的”用interesting。形容词修饰复合不定代词需后置,故填anything;interesting。
63. so that to find
【解析】原句中“找”是关键词,表示“找”的单词是find。前句“太无聊”是原因,后句“决定找读物”是结果,且bored为形容词,因此需用“so+形容词+that从句”句型,意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”,固定搭配,因此find需用不定式to find。
64. stood up walked towards rainbow
【解析】原句中“站起身”、“朝大门走去”、“彩虹”是关键词。根据“There was”可知时态为一般过去时,“站起身”对应“stood up”,“朝大门走去”对应“walked towards”;“彩虹”对应可数名词“rainbow”,“a”后跟单数形式。
65. anything interesting
【解析】原句中“有意思的事”是关键词,表达暑假经历趣味事件的含义,英语中疑问句里泛指事物需用不定代词anything,形容词修饰不定代词需要后置,搭配形容词interesting体现有意思的语义,故填anything;interesting。
66. something strange
【解析】中文句子中关键词是“奇特的物件”,即“某种奇特的东西”。“某种东西”可用不定代词something表示,“奇特的”用形容词strange表示。形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词必须后置。故填something;strange。
67. somewhere interesting
【解析】原文中“一些有趣的地方”是关键词,① somewhere表示“某个地方”,符合“去一些……地方”的语境,且不定副词“somewhere”可直接接后置定语;②形容词“interesting”(有趣的)修饰“somewhere”,需后置(不定副词+形容词),与“with rich culture”(有文化底蕴的)并列,共同描述地点特征。
68. nothing but
【解析】原句中“什么都不说”和“只是”是关键词,表示“只有”的短语是nothing but。本句为一般过去时,said后接nothing作宾语,再用but连接并列谓语,表达转折意味。故填nothing;but。
69. go on an outing
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“去郊游”,“去郊游”的固定短语是go on an outing。故填go;on;an;outing。
70. know nothing
【解析】句意:她刚来这里不久,所以我们对她还一无所知。not anything可以转化为nothing,由don’t可知句子是一般现在时,主语是we,动词用原形know。故填know;nothing。
四、
71.with 72.visited 73.than 74.to watch 75.excited 76.forgot 77.When 78.her 79.especially 80.safely
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了Ann去美国看望祖父。看完一场精彩的 NBA 比赛后,她迷路、坐错公交,最终借助照片安全抵达祖父所在城镇 。
71.句意:这是一个有许多山的美丽小镇。根据“a beautiful town ... many hills”可知此处表示有着许多山的小镇。with“有着”,故填with。
72.句意:去年夏天,Ann拜访了她的祖父,并在美国旅行。由“last summer”可知时态是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填visited。
73.句意:没有什么比这更令人愉快的了。“more enjoyable”是比较级,应用than“比”表示比较。故填than。
74.句意:那天,她去了一个最著名的体育场看NBA比赛。分析句子可知此处是目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填to watch。
75.句意:她最喜欢的球队击败了另一支球队,她非常激动。此处应用形容词作表语,修饰人用excited“激动的”。故填excited。
76.句意:但是当比赛结束时,她忘记了回家的路。根据文章可知时态是一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式。故填forgot。
77.句意:当她注意到的时候,公交车已经到了最后一站——山区的一个小村庄。根据“... she noticed it, the bus got to its last stop”可知此处表示时间状语“当她注意到时”,用when“当……时”。故填When。
78.句意:那里的人听不懂她的话。understand是动词,后加宾格作宾语。故填her。
79.句意:突然,她想起了包里的东西,尤其是她祖父所在城镇的照片。此处应用副词especially“尤其是”,强调这个照片是众多东西里特别重要的那一个。故填especially。
80.句意:两个小时后,Ann安全到达了她祖父的城镇。此处应用副词safely“安全地”修饰动词got to her grandfather’s town。故填safely。
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