Unit 2 Period 2 Using language（分层作业）英语外研版必修第一册

**基本信息** 分层清晰，从基础词汇语法到语篇综合应用，衔接高考，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|词汇（短语翻译、单词拼写）、单句语法|基础题型夯实语言能力，如短语翻译强化核心表达| |B组能力进阶|语篇语法填空|语篇应用提升综合思维，结合上下文考查语法| |C组思维拔高|阅读理解、七选五、完形填空|逻辑推理与文化理解，如阅读理解分析人物品质| |拓展链接高考|高考真题题型|衔接高考培养应试能力，选用高三开学考等真题|

分层作业 Unit 3 Period 2 Using language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. throw a party 11. have straight black hair 2. choose a present 12. keep sb. slim and fit 3. think of doing sth. 13. wear one's hair in a ponytail 4. work on the invitations 14. have rosy cheeks 5. make a checklist 15. have a few freckles 6. stay at the same campsite 16. apologise to sb. 7. grow a beard 17. be busy with work 8. have a square jaw 18. be worried about 9. be well-built and tanned 19. take some time off work 10. have smooth skin 20. look forward to doing sth. 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. party 11. ponytail 2. list 12. freckles 3. invitation 13. appearance 4. campsite 14. apology 5. beard 15. apologised 6. jaw 16. recently 7. tanned 17. worried 8. smooth 18. hiking 9. straight 19. camping 10. slim 20. strength 三、单句语法填空。 1. called 11. keeps 2. will throw 12. wears 3. is working 13. has grown 4. has; chosen 14. stayed 5. drinks 15. haven't seen 6. have finished 16. has been 7. was 17. missed 8. has turned 18. apologised 9. has 19. is talking 10. looks 20. will go 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. called 11. wear my hair in a ponytail 2. will throw 12. is much longer 3. is working on 13. had rosy cheeks 4. have finished 14. apologised to me 5. is thinking of 15. she has been busy 6. was quite 16. worried about her 7. has grown 17. take some time off work 8. is turning 18. go camping together 9. has smooth skin 19. have a big impact on 10. keeps her slim and fit 20. looking forward to having a long talk 五、语法填空 1. who 6. saying 2. himself 7. joked 3. that 8. seriously 4. of 9. how 5. a 10. to get 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者原本因疼爱儿子而给他买了骑行用品，生日时却意外收到儿子用卖掉自行车的钱买来的吉他。故事表现了母子之间相互关爱、理解与付出的温暖亲情。 【详解】 1. who。考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 my 15-year-old son，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填 who。 2. himself。考查反身代词。buy oneself sth. 表示“给自己买某物”；主语为 He，故填 himself。 3. that。考查结果状语从句。so ... that ... 为固定结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，故填 that。 4. of。考查介词。dream of doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”，故填 of。 5. a。考查冠词。guitar 为可数名词单数，beautiful 以辅音音素开头，此处泛指“一把漂亮的吉他”，故填 a。 6. saying。考查非谓语动词。a card 与 say 之间为主动关系，应用现在分词 saying 作后置定语，表示卡片上“写着”这些话。 7. joked。考查时态。once 表示过去某一次，且全文叙述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填 joked。 8. seriously。考查副词。空处修饰动词 took，应用 serious 的副词形式 seriously；take sth. seriously 意为“认真对待某事”。 9. how。考查宾语从句。作者疑惑儿子“如何”买得起昂贵的礼物，空处表示方式，故填 how。 10. to get。考查非谓语动词。卖掉自行车的目的是给母亲买吉他，应用不定式作目的状语，故填 to get。 六、阅读理解 1. B 3. D 2. A 4. C 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆父亲从小教自己绘画的经历，讲述自己因比较而陷入自我怀疑、放弃绘画，后来在父亲鼓励下重新投入艺术学习并建立自信的成长过程。 【详解】 1. B 推理判断题。第二段介绍父亲在物质条件有限的环境中仍坚持创作、努力求学并在美国立足的经历，说明父亲的艺术热爱、毅力和人生经历如何成为作者成长与艺术道路的重要影响来源，故选 B。 2. A 词义猜测题。作者把自己“simple, two-dimensional drawings”与父亲“realistic landscapes”比较，并因此觉得自己的作品不够好；fell flat 在此表示作品显得平淡、缺乏吸引力，故选 A。 3. D 推理判断题。父亲在困难环境中坚持学习和创作，体现 persistent；当发现作者减少绘画后，他鼓励作者报考艺术学校并继续学习，体现 supportive，故选 D。 4. C 推理判断题。最后一段作者学会“embrace my individuality and my talent”，并在分享作品、接受建设性批评的过程中增强自信，说明自信来自接纳自己的独特性和不完美，故选 C。 七、七选五 1. G 4. B 2. C 5. E 3. F 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章借《哆啦A梦》中野比大雄受到责骂和惩罚却没有改善学习的情节，分析频繁责骂如何通过制造压力、削弱内在动力和破坏亲子关系影响学习，并倡导耐心引导与积极支持。 【详解】 1. G 空前介绍大雄成绩差、上课睡觉且不完成作业，空后直接出现母亲责骂他的原话；G 项说明母亲玉子对此以不断责骂甚至偶尔打他作出反应，衔接最自然，故选 G。 2. C 本段主题是高压环境影响学习。空后进一步解释大脑的压力反应会把本用于学习和解决问题的精力转移到防御威胁上；C 项“受威胁的大脑并未处于适合有效学习的状态”概括这一机制，故选 C。 3. F 段首指出 punishment weakens a child’s intrinsic motivation，F 项紧接着说明孩子的动机从“为了学习”转为“为了逃避惩罚”，与后文“done to avoid pain”形成直接照应，故选 F。 4. B 前文说孩子逐渐把学习与恐惧、焦虑联系起来，后文说他们只做最低限度的事情来逃避惩罚。B 项“因此，他们失去了自主学习的内在愿望”正好承上启下，故选 B。 5. E 前文说孩子不再把父母视为支持者而是“judges”，后文又说孩子遇到困难时不太可能向父母求助。E 项直接指出这种关系会让孩子更不愿寻求父母建议，衔接严密，故选 E。 八、完形填空 1. C 9. A 2. D 10. B 3. B 11. A 4. D 12. C 5. A 13. A 6. A 14. B 7. C 15. C 8. D 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者起初坚信自己与父母完全不同，却在女儿提醒和日常观察中逐渐发现，自己在生活方式、兴趣和习惯上继承了父母许多细微特征，并最终坦然接纳这种相似。 【详解】 1. C 考查名词辨析。后文列举抱怨天气、重舒适轻款式、做熟悉菜肴等“像父母”的表现，这些都是 signs“迹象”，故选 C。 2. D 考查名词辨析。dressing for comfort over style 表示“穿衣时把舒适放在款式之前”，与后文选择松紧腰裙子呼应，故选 D。 3. B 考查动词辨析。apply to sb. 表示“适用于某人”。作者认为文章中所说的情况完全“不适用于”自己，故选 B。 4. D 考查形容词辨析。家庭聚餐时家里“回荡着”笑声，loud laughter“响亮的笑声”符合热闹场景，故选 D。 5. A 考查副词辨析。作者喜欢在公寓里安静地、舒服地读书；comfortably 与 quiet evenings 的语境一致，故选 A。 6. A 考查动词辨析。母亲种蔬菜，而作者只“挑选/种了”几盆花；四个选项中 picked 最符合语意，故选 A。 7. C 考查动词辨析。prefer A to B 表示“比起 B 更喜欢 A”，作者更喜欢豪华酒店而不是乡村露营，故选 C。 8. D 考查副词辨析。上文作者一直强调自己与父母不同，下文女儿的话却让她重新考虑，前后为转折关系，However 符合语境，故选 D。 9. A 考查动词短语辨析。为了控制热量，作者拒绝了第二块蛋糕，turn down 表示“拒绝”，故选 A。 10. B 考查动词辨析。作者现在用外婆的旧茶杯和勺子“端上/提供”茶，serve tea 为常见搭配，故选 B。 11. A 考查名词辨析。冒号后列举作者、妹妹和朋友越来越像父母的例子，因此她注意到更多 similarities“相似之处”，故选 A。 12. C 考查动词短语辨析。take after sb. 表示“在外貌、性格或习惯上像某人”，朋友在选择暖色壁纸方面像她母亲，故选 C。 13. A 考查形容词辨析。grow content to accept 表示“逐渐心满意足/坦然地接受”，与结尾积极接纳自我相符，故选 A。 14. B 考查名词辨析。a smaller version of my parents 表示“父母的一个较小版本”，生动概括作者对自身与父母相似性的认识，故选 B。 15. C 考查名词辨析。作者把这种认识看作温暖的 embrace“拥抱”，而不是自我的丧失，体现最终的接受与亲近感，故选 C。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $分层作业 Unit 2 Period 2 Using language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 举办（聚会）__________ 2. 挑选礼物__________ 3. 考虑做某事__________ 4. 制作邀请函__________ 5. 列清单__________ 6. 住在同一个营地__________ 7. 留胡子__________ 8. 长着方下巴__________ 9. 身材健壮且晒黑__________ 10. 有光滑的皮肤__________ 11. 留着黑色直发__________ 12. 使某人保持苗条健康__________ 13. 把头发扎成马尾__________ 14. 长着红润的脸颊__________ 15. 长着几颗雀斑__________ 16. 向某人道歉__________ 17. 忙于工作__________ 18. 为……担心__________ 19. 请一段时间的假__________ 20. 期待做某事__________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. We are planning a family birthday ________（聚会）for Grandma this weekend. 2. Dad has already written the guest ________（名单）. 3. Please send each relative an ________（邀请函）before Friday. 4. We found a quiet ________（营地）near the lake for the holiday. 5. After several years, Dad decided to grow a ________（胡须）. 6. His strong square ________（下巴）makes him easy to recognise. 7. After the beach holiday, he looked healthy and ________（晒黑的）. 8. Grandma still has surprisingly ________（光滑的）skin. 9. My sister has long, ________（直的）black hair. 10. Regular exercise helps Mum stay ________（苗条的）and energetic. 11. She tied her hair back in a ________（马尾辫）before jogging. 12. The little boy has several ________（雀斑）across his nose. 13. A person's physical ________（外貌）can change greatly over ten years. 14. Alice's mother called later to make an ________（道歉）. 15. She ________（道歉）for missing the family activity. 16. I have been very busy ________（最近）and haven't visited Grandma. 17. Alice felt ________（担心的）when she saw how tired her mother looked. 18. We are going ________（徒步）in the hills next Saturday. 19. The whole family spent the weekend ________（露营）by the river. 20. Stressing a word can increase the ________（力度）of an apology. 三、单句语法填空。 1. Mum ________ (call) Grandma yesterday evening. 2. We ________ (throw) a birthday party for her next Sunday. 3. Dad ________ (work) on the invitations at the moment. 4. Sally ________ already ________ (choose) a present for Grandma. 5. Grandma usually ________ (drink) green tea after dinner. 6. I ________ (finish) the guest list, so you can check it now. 7. Ten years ago, Dad ________ (be) thin and pale. 8. His hair ________ (turn) grey over the past few years. 9. Nowadays, he ________ (have) a beard and looks quite different. 10. Mum ________ (look) almost the same as she did ten years ago. 11. Jogging ________ (keep) her slim and fit. 12. Penny often ________ (wear) her hair in a ponytail these days. 13. Her hair ________ (grow) much longer since the old photo was taken. 14. We ________ (stay) at that campsite during our last holiday. 15. I ________ (not see) Anna since the summer holiday began. 16. Alice ________ (be) worried about her mum a lot recently. 17. Her mum ________ (miss) the activity last Saturday because of work. 18. Later, she ________ (apologise) to Alice on the phone. 19. Listen! Dad ________ (talk) to Grandma about the trip. 20. If everyone is free, we ________ (go) camping together next weekend. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 妈妈昨天给奶奶打了电话。 Mum ________ Grandma yesterday. 2. 我们下周日要给她举办一个生日聚会。 We ________ a birthday party for her next Sunday. 3. 爸爸此刻正在制作邀请函。 Dad ________ the invitations at the moment. 4. 我已经完成了宾客名单。 I ________ the guest list. 5. 萨莉正在考虑给奶奶织一条围巾。 Sally ________ making a scarf for Grandma. 6. 十年前，爸爸又瘦又苍白。 Ten years ago, Dad ________ thin and pale. 7. 现在他已经留起了胡子。 Now he ________ a beard. 8. 他的头发正在变灰。 His hair ________ grey. 9. 妈妈仍然有光滑的皮肤和黑色直发。 Mum still ________ and straight black hair. 10. 慢跑使她保持苗条和健康。 Jogging ________. 11. 我现在经常把头发扎成马尾。 I often ________ these days. 12. 和十年前相比，我的头发长多了。 My hair ________ than it was ten years ago. 13. 她小时候脸颊红润，还有几颗雀斑。 She ________ and a few freckles as a child. 14. 妈妈后来在电话里向我道歉了。 Mum later ________ on the phone. 15. 我知道她最近一直很忙。 I know ________ recently. 16. 我只是担心她。 I'm just ________. 17. 我觉得她需要请一段时间的假。 I think she needs to ________. 18. 下周我们计划一起去露营。 We plan to ________ next week. 19. 真诚的道歉会对家人产生很大影响。 A sincere apology can ________ family members. 20. 我真的很期待和家人好好谈谈。 I'm really ________ with my family. 五、语法填空 （25-26高一下·四川雅安·期中） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I wanted to do something special for my 15-year-old son, ____1____ has always been a perfect boy. He worked all the summer to earn enough money to buy ____2____ (he) a new bicycle instead of asking for money from me. Then he spent hours and hours on it. I loved my son so much ____3____ I bought him a pair of sunglasses and gloves. When my son rode the bicycle with them, he looked very cool. He dreamed ____4____ taking part in a race and winning. On November 10th, my birthday, when I went to the kitchen to start the milk and bread in the morning, I found ____5____ beautiful guitar on the table, beside which was a card, ____6____ (say) “Happy birthday to my wonderful mother.” I was surprised and then began to sob. I remembered once I ____7____ (joke) to my family that I wanted to learn playing the guitar to make my life colorful. I had forgotten it, but my son remembered. He took it ____8____ (serious), and bought me one as a birthday gift. When I wondered ____9____ my son could buy this expensive gift, soon I realized that my son had sold his bicycle ____10____ (get) me the guitar. 六、阅读理解 （25-26高一下·湖南邵阳·阶段检测） One of my earliest memories is of my father sitting me down at our kitchen table with canvases, paints, and brushes. He taught me how to blend colors and use different materials. Whenever we felt inspired, we set out all our materials and painted what our hearts desired. My father grew up in a small village in the Dominican Republic. Despite not having many materials available, he created art with whatever he had. My father saved his money to buy paints and colored pencils to draw on the walls around his home. When he was 15, he arrived in America alone and stayed with his aunt in Florida for a while before finishing high school in New York with another aunt. He studied very hard. Eventually, my father was able to obtain his citizenship. As I got older, he continued to give me lessons, teaching me different brush strokes and how to take care of my art supplies. He taught me to find beauty in everything and everyone around me. I grew to love drawing people, as I could highlight the physical features that make everyone unique and beautiful. It wasn’t until I began looking carefully into my father’s paintings and the work of popular artists on Instagram that I started to be more critical of my work. I started to worry that I could never live up to my father’s talent. My simple, two-dimensional drawings fell flat compared to his realistic landscapes. Going through my sketchbooks and portfolios, I found fault in all my drawings. Art was my favorite thing in the world but I started to believe I wasn’t good at it. Instead of working toward improving, I decided to give up drawing. My father noticed that I had been drawing and painting less and told me, “Mia, you should audition for the school. I wish I’d had an opportunity to study art like this when I was a kid.” My father’s bravery and strength are things that I desire to have. So, over the next few months, I worked on my portfolio. Looking back at my pictures, I can see how much I have improved since then. The school must have seen potential in my drawings because I got in! It was eye-opening to attend a college that specializes in the arts. I learned to embrace my individuality and my talent. I have become more open about sharing my artworks and receiving constructive criticism, which raises my self-belief in my art. 1. Why does the author introduce her father’s experience in paragraph 2? A. To prove that art is a way to fight poverty. B. To illustrate the roots of her father’s influence on her. C. To criticize the lack of educational chances in rural areas. D. To contrast her life with the difficulties her father experienced. 2. What do the underlined words “fell flat” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Lacked visual appeal. B. Outshone other works. C. Had complex structures. D. Looked incredibly realistic. 3. What kind of person is the author’s father? A. Brave and carefree. B. Creative but stubborn. C. Ambitious but dependent. D. Persistent and supportive. 4. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Art is about following established rules. B. Talent guarantees admission to art programs. C. Confidence comes from accepting imperfection. D. Progress can be achieved through trial and error. 七、七选五 （26-27高三上·四川成都·开学考试） The Uselessness of Scolding: A Lesson from Doraemon In the popular Japanese anime Doraemon, Nobita Nobi is a kind-hearted but terribly lazy and underachieving fourth-grader. He regularly scores zero on his tests, sleeps in class, and fails to complete his homework. ____1____. “You lazybones! Why can’t you be more like your classmate Shizuka?” she often shouts, sometimes even hitting him. However, this daily cycle of punishment seems to produce no positive change. Nobita remains as unmotivated as ever, and his grades do not improve. This fictional scenario actually reflects a real psychological truth: parental scolding and physical punishment are largely ineffective in improving a child’s academic performance. Why is this the case? First, frequent scolding creates a high-stress environment. ____2____. When a child is constantly shouted at for low grades, their brain’s stress response system is activated. The energy that should be used for learning and problem-solving is instead diverted to defending against the perceived threat. Consequently, the child becomes less capable of absorbing new information, making the very thing the parent wants to improve — academic performance — even worse. Second, punishment weakens a child’s intrinsic motivation. ____3____. Punishment turns learning into an activity done to avoid pain, rather than to gain knowledge or satisfy curiosity. Over time, children begin to associate studying with fear and anxiety. ____4____. They learn only to do the bare minimum to escape punishment, but never develop a genuine love for learning or the self-discipline needed for long-term success. Third, harsh treatment severely damages the parent-child relationship. When a child feels constantly criticized and unloved, they lose trust in their parents. Instead of viewing their parents as safe supporters, they see them as judges. ____5____. This breakdown in communication means that when the child truly struggles with a difficult subject, they are unlikely to turn to their parents for help. The parent loses the opportunity to guide and support their child effectively, and the child loses a crucial source of emotional security. The lesson from Nobita’s story is clear: while parents may scold out of love and frustration, this method is counterproductive. More effective approaches involve patient guidance, praise for effort, and creating a supportive environment where a child feels safe to make mistakes and learn from them. A. This constant criticism also makes the child lose self-confidence. B. As a result, they lose the internal desire to study on their own. C. The brain under threat is not in a state ready for effective learning. D. Therefore, parents should consider using positive motivation instead. E. This makes it far less likely that the child will seek their parents’ advice. F. As a result, the child’s motivation shifts from learning to avoiding punishment. G. His mother, Tamako, responds to this with endless scolding and occasional slaps. 八、完形填空 （26-27高三上·宁夏银川·阶段检测） A magazine article claimed that people begin to resemble their parents around age 43. The ____1____ included complaining about the weather, dressing for comfort over ____2____, and cooking the same familiar dishes. Though I was past that age, I felt this didn’t ____3____ to me at all. My parents’ home echoed with ____4____ laughter during weekly family dinners, while I preferred quiet evenings reading ____5____ in my apartment. My mother grew vegetables in her garden; I just ____6____ a few flowers in small pots. I ____7____ grand hotels to rural camper trips, and I never complained about the weather or went to bed early. ____8____, my daughter made me reconsider the next day. When I showed her the very article and insisted it didn’t fit me, she gently pointed out that I had ____9____ a second slice of cake to count calories — just like Grandma — and now ____10____ tea using Grandma’s old teacups and spoons. Gradually, I noticed more ____11____: I chose elastic-waist (松紧腰) skirts for comfort, and my sister bought a ping-pong table just as Dad used to have. One friend ____12____ her mother in selecting warm-toned wallpaper. Eventually, I grew ____13____ to accept that I am, in many ways, a smaller ____14____ of my parents — a realization that now feels like a warm ____15____ rather than a loss of self. 1. A. revelations B. remarks C. signs D. associations 2. A. ambition B. rejection C. outcome D. style 3. A. respond B. apply C. stick D. object 4. A. forced B. bitter C. faint D. loud 5. A. comfortably B. vividly C. hurriedly D. intensively 6. A. picked B. managed C. assigned D. designed 7. A. anticipated B. valued C. preferred D. regarded 8. A. Likewise B. Otherwise C. Meanwhile D. However 9. A. turned down B. told off C. carried on D. paid off 10. A. charged B. served C. exposed D. boiled 11. A. similarities B. conclusions C. habits D. arguments 12. A. bought up B. argued with C. took after D. attended to 13. A. content B. enthusiastic C. embarrassed D. ashamed 14. A. shadow B. version C. substance D. outline 15. A. shelter B. celebration C. embrace D. dedication $分层作业 Unit 2 Period 2 Using language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 举办（聚会）__________ 2. 挑选礼物__________ 3. 考虑做某事__________ 4. 制作邀请函__________ 5. 列清单__________ 6. 住在同一个营地__________ 7. 留胡子__________ 8. 长着方下巴__________ 9. 身材健壮且晒黑__________ 10. 有光滑的皮肤__________ 11. 留着黑色直发__________ 12. 使某人保持苗条健康__________ 13. 把头发扎成马尾__________ 14. 长着红润的脸颊__________ 15. 长着几颗雀斑__________ 16. 向某人道歉__________ 17. 忙于工作__________ 18. 为……担心__________ 19. 请一段时间的假__________ 20. 期待做某事__________ 【答案】 1. throw a party 11. have straight black hair 2. choose a present 12. keep sb. slim and fit 3. think of doing sth. 13. wear one's hair in a ponytail 4. work on the invitations 14. have rosy cheeks 5. make a checklist 15. have a few freckles 6. stay at the same campsite 16. apologise to sb. 7. grow a beard 17. be busy with work 8. have a square jaw 18. be worried about 9. be well-built and tanned 19. take some time off work 10. have smooth skin 20. look forward to doing sth. 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. We are planning a family birthday ________（聚会）for Grandma this weekend. 2. Dad has already written the guest ________（名单）. 3. Please send each relative an ________（邀请函）before Friday. 4. We found a quiet ________（营地）near the lake for the holiday. 5. After several years, Dad decided to grow a ________（胡须）. 6. His strong square ________（下巴）makes him easy to recognise. 7. After the beach holiday, he looked healthy and ________（晒黑的）. 8. Grandma still has surprisingly ________（光滑的）skin. 9. My sister has long, ________（直的）black hair. 10. Regular exercise helps Mum stay ________（苗条的）and energetic. 11. She tied her hair back in a ________（马尾辫）before jogging. 12. The little boy has several ________（雀斑）across his nose. 13. A person's physical ________（外貌）can change greatly over ten years. 14. Alice's mother called later to make an ________（道歉）. 15. She ________（道歉）for missing the family activity. 16. I have been very busy ________（最近）and haven't visited Grandma. 17. Alice felt ________（担心的）when she saw how tired her mother looked. 18. We are going ________（徒步）in the hills next Saturday. 19. The whole family spent the weekend ________（露营）by the river. 20. Stressing a word can increase the ________（力度）of an apology. 【答案】 1. party 11. ponytail 2. list 12. freckles 3. invitation 13. appearance 4. campsite 14. apology 5. beard 15. apologised 6. jaw 16. recently 7. tanned 17. worried 8. smooth 18. hiking 9. straight 19. camping 10. slim 20. strength 三、单句语法填空。 1. Mum ________ (call) Grandma yesterday evening. 2. We ________ (throw) a birthday party for her next Sunday. 3. Dad ________ (work) on the invitations at the moment. 4. Sally ________ already ________ (choose) a present for Grandma. 5. Grandma usually ________ (drink) green tea after dinner. 6. I ________ (finish) the guest list, so you can check it now. 7. Ten years ago, Dad ________ (be) thin and pale. 8. His hair ________ (turn) grey over the past few years. 9. Nowadays, he ________ (have) a beard and looks quite different. 10. Mum ________ (look) almost the same as she did ten years ago. 11. Jogging ________ (keep) her slim and fit. 12. Penny often ________ (wear) her hair in a ponytail these days. 13. Her hair ________ (grow) much longer since the old photo was taken. 14. We ________ (stay) at that campsite during our last holiday. 15. I ________ (not see) Anna since the summer holiday began. 16. Alice ________ (be) worried about her mum a lot recently. 17. Her mum ________ (miss) the activity last Saturday because of work. 18. Later, she ________ (apologise) to Alice on the phone. 19. Listen! Dad ________ (talk) to Grandma about the trip. 20. If everyone is free, we ________ (go) camping together next weekend. 【答案】 1. called 11. keeps 2. will throw 12. wears 3. is working 13. has grown 4. has; chosen 14. stayed 5. drinks 15. haven't seen 6. have finished 16. has been 7. was 17. missed 8. has turned 18. apologised 9. has 19. is talking 10. looks 20. will go 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 妈妈昨天给奶奶打了电话。 Mum ________ Grandma yesterday. 2. 我们下周日要给她举办一个生日聚会。 We ________ a birthday party for her next Sunday. 3. 爸爸此刻正在制作邀请函。 Dad ________ the invitations at the moment. 4. 我已经完成了宾客名单。 I ________ the guest list. 5. 萨莉正在考虑给奶奶织一条围巾。 Sally ________ making a scarf for Grandma. 6. 十年前，爸爸又瘦又苍白。 Ten years ago, Dad ________ thin and pale. 7. 现在他已经留起了胡子。 Now he ________ a beard. 8. 他的头发正在变灰。 His hair ________ grey. 9. 妈妈仍然有光滑的皮肤和黑色直发。 Mum still ________ and straight black hair. 10. 慢跑使她保持苗条和健康。 Jogging ________. 11. 我现在经常把头发扎成马尾。 I often ________ these days. 12. 和十年前相比，我的头发长多了。 My hair ________ than it was ten years ago. 13. 她小时候脸颊红润，还有几颗雀斑。 She ________ and a few freckles as a child. 14. 妈妈后来在电话里向我道歉了。 Mum later ________ on the phone. 15. 我知道她最近一直很忙。 I know ________ recently. 16. 我只是担心她。 I'm just ________. 17. 我觉得她需要请一段时间的假。 I think she needs to ________. 18. 下周我们计划一起去露营。 We plan to ________ next week. 19. 真诚的道歉会对家人产生很大影响。 A sincere apology can ________ family members. 20. 我真的很期待和家人好好谈谈。 I'm really ________ with my family. 【答案】 1. called 11. wear my hair in a ponytail 2. will throw 12. is much longer 3. is working on 13. had rosy cheeks 4. have finished 14. apologised to me 5. is thinking of 15. she has been busy 6. was quite 16. worried about her 7. has grown 17. take some time off work 8. is turning 18. go camping together 9. has smooth skin 19. have a big impact on 10. keeps her slim and fit 20. looking forward to having a long talk 五、语法填空 （25-26高一下·四川雅安·期中） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I wanted to do something special for my 15-year-old son, ____1____ has always been a perfect boy. He worked all the summer to earn enough money to buy ____2____ (he) a new bicycle instead of asking for money from me. Then he spent hours and hours on it. I loved my son so much ____3____ I bought him a pair of sunglasses and gloves. When my son rode the bicycle with them, he looked very cool. He dreamed ____4____ taking part in a race and winning. On November 10th, my birthday, when I went to the kitchen to start the milk and bread in the morning, I found ____5____ beautiful guitar on the table, beside which was a card, ____6____ (say) “Happy birthday to my wonderful mother.” I was surprised and then began to sob. I remembered once I ____7____ (joke) to my family that I wanted to learn playing the guitar to make my life colorful. I had forgotten it, but my son remembered. He took it ____8____ (serious), and bought me one as a birthday gift. When I wondered ____9____ my son could buy this expensive gift, soon I realized that my son had sold his bicycle ____10____ (get) me the guitar. 【答案】 1. who 6. saying 2. himself 7. joked 3. that 8. seriously 4. of 9. how 5. a 10. to get 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者原本因疼爱儿子而给他买了骑行用品，生日时却意外收到儿子用卖掉自行车的钱买来的吉他。故事表现了母子之间相互关爱、理解与付出的温暖亲情。 【详解】 1. who。考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 my 15-year-old son，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填 who。 2. himself。考查反身代词。buy oneself sth. 表示“给自己买某物”；主语为 He，故填 himself。 3. that。考查结果状语从句。so ... that ... 为固定结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，故填 that。 4. of。考查介词。dream of doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”，故填 of。 5. a。考查冠词。guitar 为可数名词单数，beautiful 以辅音音素开头，此处泛指“一把漂亮的吉他”，故填 a。 6. saying。考查非谓语动词。a card 与 say 之间为主动关系，应用现在分词 saying 作后置定语，表示卡片上“写着”这些话。 7. joked。考查时态。once 表示过去某一次，且全文叙述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填 joked。 8. seriously。考查副词。空处修饰动词 took，应用 serious 的副词形式 seriously；take sth. seriously 意为“认真对待某事”。 9. how。考查宾语从句。作者疑惑儿子“如何”买得起昂贵的礼物，空处表示方式，故填 how。 10. to get。考查非谓语动词。卖掉自行车的目的是给母亲买吉他，应用不定式作目的状语，故填 to get。 六、阅读理解 （25-26高一下·湖南邵阳·阶段检测） One of my earliest memories is of my father sitting me down at our kitchen table with canvases, paints, and brushes. He taught me how to blend colors and use different materials. Whenever we felt inspired, we set out all our materials and painted what our hearts desired. My father grew up in a small village in the Dominican Republic. Despite not having many materials available, he created art with whatever he had. My father saved his money to buy paints and colored pencils to draw on the walls around his home. When he was 15, he arrived in America alone and stayed with his aunt in Florida for a while before finishing high school in New York with another aunt. He studied very hard. Eventually, my father was able to obtain his citizenship. As I got older, he continued to give me lessons, teaching me different brush strokes and how to take care of my art supplies. He taught me to find beauty in everything and everyone around me. I grew to love drawing people, as I could highlight the physical features that make everyone unique and beautiful. It wasn’t until I began looking carefully into my father’s paintings and the work of popular artists on Instagram that I started to be more critical of my work. I started to worry that I could never live up to my father’s talent. My simple, two-dimensional drawings fell flat compared to his realistic landscapes. Going through my sketchbooks and portfolios, I found fault in all my drawings. Art was my favorite thing in the world but I started to believe I wasn’t good at it. Instead of working toward improving, I decided to give up drawing. My father noticed that I had been drawing and painting less and told me, “Mia, you should audition for the school. I wish I’d had an opportunity to study art like this when I was a kid.” My father’s bravery and strength are things that I desire to have. So, over the next few months, I worked on my portfolio. Looking back at my pictures, I can see how much I have improved since then. The school must have seen potential in my drawings because I got in! It was eye-opening to attend a college that specializes in the arts. I learned to embrace my individuality and my talent. I have become more open about sharing my artworks and receiving constructive criticism, which raises my self-belief in my art. 1. Why does the author introduce her father’s experience in paragraph 2? A. To prove that art is a way to fight poverty. B. To illustrate the roots of her father’s influence on her. C. To criticize the lack of educational chances in rural areas. D. To contrast her life with the difficulties her father experienced. 2. What do the underlined words “fell flat” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Lacked visual appeal. B. Outshone other works. C. Had complex structures. D. Looked incredibly realistic. 3. What kind of person is the author’s father? A. Brave and carefree. B. Creative but stubborn. C. Ambitious but dependent. D. Persistent and supportive. 4. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Art is about following established rules. B. Talent guarantees admission to art programs. C. Confidence comes from accepting imperfection. D. Progress can be achieved through trial and error. 【答案】 1. B 3. D 2. A 4. C 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆父亲从小教自己绘画的经历，讲述自己因比较而陷入自我怀疑、放弃绘画，后来在父亲鼓励下重新投入艺术学习并建立自信的成长过程。 【详解】 1. B 推理判断题。第二段介绍父亲在物质条件有限的环境中仍坚持创作、努力求学并在美国立足的经历，说明父亲的艺术热爱、毅力和人生经历如何成为作者成长与艺术道路的重要影响来源，故选 B。 2. A 词义猜测题。作者把自己“simple, two-dimensional drawings”与父亲“realistic landscapes”比较，并因此觉得自己的作品不够好；fell flat 在此表示作品显得平淡、缺乏吸引力，故选 A。 3. D 推理判断题。父亲在困难环境中坚持学习和创作，体现 persistent；当发现作者减少绘画后，他鼓励作者报考艺术学校并继续学习，体现 supportive，故选 D。 4. C 推理判断题。最后一段作者学会“embrace my individuality and my talent”，并在分享作品、接受建设性批评的过程中增强自信，说明自信来自接纳自己的独特性和不完美，故选 C。 七、七选五 （26-27高三上·四川成都·开学考试） The Uselessness of Scolding: A Lesson from Doraemon In the popular Japanese anime Doraemon, Nobita Nobi is a kind-hearted but terribly lazy and underachieving fourth-grader. He regularly scores zero on his tests, sleeps in class, and fails to complete his homework. ____1____. “You lazybones! Why can’t you be more like your classmate Shizuka?” she often shouts, sometimes even hitting him. However, this daily cycle of punishment seems to produce no positive change. Nobita remains as unmotivated as ever, and his grades do not improve. This fictional scenario actually reflects a real psychological truth: parental scolding and physical punishment are largely ineffective in improving a child’s academic performance. Why is this the case? First, frequent scolding creates a high-stress environment. ____2____. When a child is constantly shouted at for low grades, their brain’s stress response system is activated. The energy that should be used for learning and problem-solving is instead diverted to defending against the perceived threat. Consequently, the child becomes less capable of absorbing new information, making the very thing the parent wants to improve — academic performance — even worse. Second, punishment weakens a child’s intrinsic motivation. ____3____. Punishment turns learning into an activity done to avoid pain, rather than to gain knowledge or satisfy curiosity. Over time, children begin to associate studying with fear and anxiety. ____4____. They learn only to do the bare minimum to escape punishment, but never develop a genuine love for learning or the self-discipline needed for long-term success. Third, harsh treatment severely damages the parent-child relationship. When a child feels constantly criticized and unloved, they lose trust in their parents. Instead of viewing their parents as safe supporters, they see them as judges. ____5____. This breakdown in communication means that when the child truly struggles with a difficult subject, they are unlikely to turn to their parents for help. The parent loses the opportunity to guide and support their child effectively, and the child loses a crucial source of emotional security. The lesson from Nobita’s story is clear: while parents may scold out of love and frustration, this method is counterproductive. More effective approaches involve patient guidance, praise for effort, and creating a supportive environment where a child feels safe to make mistakes and learn from them. A. This constant criticism also makes the child lose self-confidence. B. As a result, they lose the internal desire to study on their own. C. The brain under threat is not in a state ready for effective learning. D. Therefore, parents should consider using positive motivation instead. E. This makes it far less likely that the child will seek their parents’ advice. F. As a result, the child’s motivation shifts from learning to avoiding punishment. G. His mother, Tamako, responds to this with endless scolding and occasional slaps. 【答案】 1. G 4. B 2. C 5. E 3. F 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章借《哆啦A梦》中野比大雄受到责骂和惩罚却没有改善学习的情节，分析频繁责骂如何通过制造压力、削弱内在动力和破坏亲子关系影响学习，并倡导耐心引导与积极支持。 【详解】 1. G 空前介绍大雄成绩差、上课睡觉且不完成作业，空后直接出现母亲责骂他的原话；G 项说明母亲玉子对此以不断责骂甚至偶尔打他作出反应，衔接最自然，故选 G。 2. C 本段主题是高压环境影响学习。空后进一步解释大脑的压力反应会把本用于学习和解决问题的精力转移到防御威胁上；C 项“受威胁的大脑并未处于适合有效学习的状态”概括这一机制，故选 C。 3. F 段首指出 punishment weakens a child’s intrinsic motivation，F 项紧接着说明孩子的动机从“为了学习”转为“为了逃避惩罚”，与后文“done to avoid pain”形成直接照应，故选 F。 4. B 前文说孩子逐渐把学习与恐惧、焦虑联系起来，后文说他们只做最低限度的事情来逃避惩罚。B 项“因此，他们失去了自主学习的内在愿望”正好承上启下，故选 B。 5. E 前文说孩子不再把父母视为支持者而是“judges”，后文又说孩子遇到困难时不太可能向父母求助。E 项直接指出这种关系会让孩子更不愿寻求父母建议，衔接严密，故选 E。 八、完形填空 （26-27高三上·宁夏银川·阶段检测） A magazine article claimed that people begin to resemble their parents around age 43. The ____1____ included complaining about the weather, dressing for comfort over ____2____, and cooking the same familiar dishes. Though I was past that age, I felt this didn’t ____3____ to me at all. My parents’ home echoed with ____4____ laughter during weekly family dinners, while I preferred quiet evenings reading ____5____ in my apartment. My mother grew vegetables in her garden; I just ____6____ a few flowers in small pots. I ____7____ grand hotels to rural camper trips, and I never complained about the weather or went to bed early. ____8____, my daughter made me reconsider the next day. When I showed her the very article and insisted it didn’t fit me, she gently pointed out that I had ____9____ a second slice of cake to count calories — just like Grandma — and now ____10____ tea using Grandma’s old teacups and spoons. Gradually, I noticed more ____11____: I chose elastic-waist (松紧腰) skirts for comfort, and my sister bought a ping-pong table just as Dad used to have. One friend ____12____ her mother in selecting warm-toned wallpaper. Eventually, I grew ____13____ to accept that I am, in many ways, a smaller ____14____ of my parents — a realization that now feels like a warm ____15____ rather than a loss of self. 1. A. revelations B. remarks C. signs D. associations 2. A. ambition B. rejection C. outcome D. style 3. A. respond B. apply C. stick D. object 4. A. forced B. bitter C. faint D. loud 5. A. comfortably B. vividly C. hurriedly D. intensively 6. A. picked B. managed C. assigned D. designed 7. A. anticipated B. valued C. preferred D. regarded 8. A. Likewise B. Otherwise C. Meanwhile D. However 9. A. turned down B. told off C. carried on D. paid off 10. A. charged B. served C. exposed D. boiled 11. A. similarities B. conclusions C. habits D. arguments 12. A. bought up B. argued with C. took after D. attended to 13. A. content B. enthusiastic C. embarrassed D. ashamed 14. A. shadow B. version C. substance D. outline 15. A. shelter B. celebration C. embrace D. dedication 【答案】 1. C 9. A 2. D 10. B 3. B 11. A 4. D 12. C 5. A 13. A 6. A 14. B 7. C 15. C 8. D 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者起初坚信自己与父母完全不同，却在女儿提醒和日常观察中逐渐发现，自己在生活方式、兴趣和习惯上继承了父母许多细微特征，并最终坦然接纳这种相似。 【详解】 1. C 考查名词辨析。后文列举抱怨天气、重舒适轻款式、做熟悉菜肴等“像父母”的表现，这些都是 signs“迹象”，故选 C。 2. D 考查名词辨析。dressing for comfort over style 表示“穿衣时把舒适放在款式之前”，与后文选择松紧腰裙子呼应，故选 D。 3. B 考查动词辨析。apply to sb. 表示“适用于某人”。作者认为文章中所说的情况完全“不适用于”自己，故选 B。 4. D 考查形容词辨析。家庭聚餐时家里“回荡着”笑声，loud laughter“响亮的笑声”符合热闹场景，故选 D。 5. A 考查副词辨析。作者喜欢在公寓里安静地、舒服地读书；comfortably 与 quiet evenings 的语境一致，故选 A。 6. A 考查动词辨析。母亲种蔬菜，而作者只“挑选/种了”几盆花；四个选项中 picked 最符合语意，故选 A。 7. C 考查动词辨析。prefer A to B 表示“比起 B 更喜欢 A”，作者更喜欢豪华酒店而不是乡村露营，故选 C。 8. D 考查副词辨析。上文作者一直强调自己与父母不同，下文女儿的话却让她重新考虑，前后为转折关系，However 符合语境，故选 D。 9. A 考查动词短语辨析。为了控制热量，作者拒绝了第二块蛋糕，turn down 表示“拒绝”，故选 A。 10. B 考查动词辨析。作者现在用外婆的旧茶杯和勺子“端上/提供”茶，serve tea 为常见搭配，故选 B。 11. A 考查名词辨析。冒号后列举作者、妹妹和朋友越来越像父母的例子，因此她注意到更多 similarities“相似之处”，故选 A。 12. C 考查动词短语辨析。take after sb. 表示“在外貌、性格或习惯上像某人”，朋友在选择暖色壁纸方面像她母亲，故选 C。 13. A 考查形容词辨析。grow content to accept 表示“逐渐心满意足/坦然地接受”，与结尾积极接纳自我相符，故选 A。 14. B 考查名词辨析。a smaller version of my parents 表示“父母的一个较小版本”，生动概括作者对自身与父母相似性的认识，故选 B。 15. C 考查名词辨析。作者把这种认识看作温暖的 embrace“拥抱”，而不是自我的丧失，体现最终的接受与亲近感，故选 C。 $