专题05 2021-2026高考语法填空真题分类（北京高考类）2027届高考英语语法填空周周练

**基本信息** 以北京卷近6年语法填空真题为核心，通过分类编排与思维导图构建系统性训练体系，聚焦语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |2021-2026北京卷真题|6年18篇短文（每卷A/B/C话题）|结合思维导图梳理语法点（如动词时态、非谓语、从句连接词），解析提示词与无提示词填空策略|按语法功能（词法/句法）组织考点，通过真实语境（日常、环保、文化等话题）实现知识应用迁移|

2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练（高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创） 专题01十年(2021-2026)高考语法填空真题分类（北京高考类） 解析版 真题目录 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2026北京卷题组 A 杂货店忘带钱包 B kama muta（被爱感动） C 大学三一律 2025北京卷题组 A 和狗林中散步 B 做选择的学问 C 旅行食物浪费 2024北京卷题组 A 慢下来促进个人成长 B 世界最长寿老人秘诀 C 帮助一书本掉落男孩 2023北京卷题组 A 马拉松呼吁水资源保护 B 建立红树林保护区 C 不同国家守时文化差异 2022北京卷题组 A 外卖产生塑料垃圾 B 气味偏好的研究 C 夜间独行经历 2021北京卷题组 A 极端天气需要预防 B 生活博主救助一位老人 C 人们做梦原因 语法填空思维导图 2026北京卷题组 A 杂货店忘带钱包 (2026北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 My dad and I were at a grocery store last evening. When the cashier rang everything up, my dad reached for his wallet and froze. He 11 (forget) to take it. I remember the 12 (embarrass) on his face. The cashier had scanned all the items and there were a couple of people 13 (wait) behind us. Unexpectedly, a man 14 (step) forward, handed his card to the cashier and said, “Let me help.” B kama muta（被爱感动） (2026北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A family member is returning from a year-long trip, and you are meeting her at the airport. When you see her walking towards you, you feel a deep sense of connection well up 15 you. Sound familiar? You may not know the term, but that feeling is “kama muta”, a recently 16 (name) emotion that marks some of the most important moments in our life. By mindfully seeking out opportunities 17 (stimulate) this feeling, you could fill your life with greater meaning. C 大学三一律 (2026北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Universities 18 (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy (悲剧): time, action, and place. Students meet at the university campus (unity of place) for classes (unity of action) during their 20s (unity of time). So far, this model 19 (produce) well-known universities, but it is now challenged by the digitalisation of society, which allows everybody 20 is connected to the Internet to access learning resources. 2025北京卷题组 A 和狗林中散步 (2025北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset. Nick has a fun time smelling the leaves and running after rabbits. When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 12 (scare). The truth, though, is 13 could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. B 做选择的学问 (2025北京卷)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly 14 (long). Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. C 旅行食物浪费 (2025北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 When 17 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18 (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come 20 the planet’s expense. 2024北京卷题组 A 慢下来促进个人成长 (2024北京卷) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time 11 (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of 12 (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. B 世界最长寿老人秘诀 (2024北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 15 (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when 16 (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, 17 doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. C 帮助一书本掉落男孩 (2024北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought 18 myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, 19 (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I 20 (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 2023北京卷题组 A 马拉松呼吁水资源保护 (2023北京卷)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 1 global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 2 thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action 3 (address)the struggles of people around the world 4 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. B 建立红树林保护区 (2023北京卷) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 5 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 6 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 7 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. C 不同国家守时文化差异 (2023北京卷)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 8 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 9 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 10 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 2022北京卷题组 A 外卖产生塑料垃圾 (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 11 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 12 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 13 (bad). The use of those plastics 14 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. B 气味偏好的研究 (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 15   (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 16 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 17 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. C 夜间独行经历 (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Helen was walking down the street late 18 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 19 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 20 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 2021北京卷题组 A 极端天气需要预防 (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 There 21 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 22 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 23 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 24 (invest) in disaster prevention. B 生活博主救助一位老人 (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 25 a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about 26 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 27 （safe） wait for the police to take her home. C 人们做梦原因 (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do we dream? Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse 28 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything 29 happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 30 (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. 试卷第7页（共7页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练（高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创） 专题01十年(2021-2026)高考语法填空真题分类（北京高考类） 解析版 真题目录 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2026北京卷题组 A 杂货店忘带钱包 B kama muta（被爱感动） C 大学三一律 2025北京卷题组 A 和狗林中散步 B 做选择的学问 C 旅行食物浪费 2024北京卷题组 A 慢下来促进个人成长 B 世界最长寿老人秘诀 C 帮助一书本掉落男孩 2023北京卷题组 A 马拉松呼吁水资源保护 B 建立红树林保护区 C 不同国家守时文化差异 2022北京卷题组 A 外卖产生塑料垃圾 B 气味偏好的研究 C 夜间独行经历 2021北京卷题组 A 极端天气需要预防 B 生活博主救助一位老人 C 人们做梦原因 语法填空思维导图 2026北京卷题组 A 杂货店忘带钱包 (2026北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 My dad and I were at a grocery store last evening. When the cashier rang everything up, my dad reached for his wallet and froze. He 11 (forget) to take it. I remember the 12 (embarrass) on his face. The cashier had scanned all the items and there were a couple of people 13 (wait) behind us. Unexpectedly, a man 14 (step) forward, handed his card to the cashier and said, “Let me help.” grocery /ˈɡrəʊsəri/n. 食品杂货店 cashier /kæˈʃɪə(r)/n. 收银员 wallet /ˈwɒlɪt/n. 钱包 freeze /friːz/v. 僵住；冻结 embarrassment /ɪmˈbærəsmənt/ n. 尴尬，窘迫 scan /skæn/v. 扫描 item /ˈaɪtəm/n. 商品，物件 step /step/v. 迈步，走上前 ring everything up扫码结算商品 reach for one’s wallet 伸手去拿钱包 a couple of 几个 step forward 走上前 【答案】11. had forgotten 12. embarrassment 13. waiting 14. stepped 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和父亲去杂货店购物，结账时父亲发现忘记带钱包，尴尬之时一位陌生人主动出手帮忙的故事。 11.考查时态。句意：他忘了带钱包。forget在句中作谓语动词，结合上文“my dad reached for his wallet and froze”可知，“忘记带钱包”发生在掏钱包之前，表过去的过去，用过去完成时，填had forgotten。 12.考查名词。句意：我记得他脸上的窘迫。作remember宾语，the后需要名词，embarrass是动词，此空填其名词形式embarrassment，意为“尴尬、窘迫”。 13.考查非谓语动词。句意：收银员已经扫完所有商品，有几个人在我们后面等候。句中and连接两个并列分句，第二个分句是there be句型，此分句中已有谓语were，wait作非谓语动词，主语people与wait之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且表示动作正在进行，用现在分词waiting作后置定语，修饰a couple of people。 14.考查时态。句意：意想不到的是，一名男子走上前，把他的卡递给收银员说：“我来帮忙付吧。”此空与handed和said由and连接，作并列谓语，三个动作表顺承关系，都发生在过去，要用一般过去时，step的过去式是stepped。 B kama muta（被爱感动） (2026北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A family member is returning from a year-long trip, and you are meeting her at the airport. When you see her walking towards you, you feel a deep sense of connection well up 15 you. Sound familiar? You may not know the term, but that feeling is “kama muta”, a recently 16 (name) emotion that marks some of the most important moments in our life. By mindfully seeking out opportunities 17 (stimulate) this feeling, you could fill your life with greater meaning. connection /kəˈnekʃn/n. 联系，联结 well up （情感）涌起，迸发 emotion /ɪˈməʊʃn/n. 情绪，情感 named adj. 被命名的 mindfully /ˈmaɪndfəli/adv. 用心地，留意地 stimulate /ˈstɪmjuleɪt/v. 激发，刺激 a sense of connection 强烈的联结感 well up within sb. 在某人内心涌起 seek out opportunities 寻找机会 【答案】15. within##inside 16. named 17. to stimulate 【导语】本文介绍了一种名为“kama muta”（梵语意为“被爱感动”）的特殊情感，指出主动寻求这种情感能够让生活更富有意义。 15.考查介词。句意：当你看到她向你走来时，你感到一股深深的联结感在你心中涌起。well up within/inside sb.是常用表达，指情感在某人内心深处涌现或升起。 16.考查非谓语动词。句意：你可能不知道这个术语，但这种感觉就是“kama muta”，一种最近被命名的情绪，它标志着我们生命中一些最重要的时刻。动词name与其逻辑名词emotion之间是被动关系，应用过去分词named作定语，表示“被命名的”。 17.考查非谓语动词。句意：通过用心寻找机会来激发这种感觉，你可以让生活充满更大的意义。opportunity后常接不定式作定语，表示“……的机会”。 C 大学三一律 (2026北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Universities 18 (design) along the three unities of French classical tragedy (悲剧): time, action, and place. Students meet at the university campus (unity of place) for classes (unity of action) during their 20s (unity of time). So far, this model 19 (produce) well-known universities, but it is now challenged by the digitalisation of society, which allows everybody 20 is connected to the Internet to access learning resources. unity /ˈjuːnəti/n. 统一；准则 tragedy /ˈtrædʒədi/n. 悲剧 digitalisation /ˌdɪdʒɪtəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 数字化 challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/v. 挑战 access /ˈækses/v. 获取，访问 three unities 三一律 be designed along 依照…… 设计 so far 迄今为止 be connected to the Internet 联网 access learning resources 获取学习资源 【答案】18. are designed 19. has produced 20. who 【导语】主要说明了传统大学依照法国古典悲剧三一律模式搭建，该模式造就众多名校。但如今数字化带来冲击，联网人群均可便捷获取各类学习资源。 18.考查时态语态。句意：大学的设计遵循法国古典悲剧的三大要素：时间、行动与地点。主语universities和谓语design是被动关系，描述客观现状，用一般现在时被动语态，be动词用are。 19.考查时态。句意：迄今为止，这一模式已催生了众多知名大学，但如今社会的数字化正对其构成挑战，因为互联网连接的每个人都可以获取学习资源。根据So far可知为现在完成时，主语为model，助动词用has。 20.考查定语从句。句意：迄今为止，这一模式已催生了众多知名大学，但如今社会的数字化正对其构成挑战，因为互联网连接的每个人都可以获取学习资源。空格后“is connected to the Internet”是修饰先行词everybody的定语从句，先行词everybody指代人，从句中缺少主语，因此填入作主语的关系代词who。 2025北京卷题组 A 和狗林中散步 (2025北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset. Nick has a fun time smelling the leaves and running after rabbits. When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 12 (scare). The truth, though, is 13 could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】11. peaceful 12. scared 13. what 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者大多数放学后的时光。 11.考查形容词。句意：这里很宁静，尤其是在日落时分。“is”后接形容词作表语，“peace”的形容词形式是“peaceful”，意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。 12.考查非谓语动词。句意：我有时会把他叫回来，担心他可能会吓到别人。“have sb. done”表示“使某人被……”，“someone”与“scare”之间是被动关系，即某人被吓到，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scared。 13.考查表语从句引导词。句意：不过，真相正如所料——这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”。故填what。 B 做选择的学问 (2025北京卷)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly 14 (long). Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. debate /dɪˈbeɪt/v. 纠结；辩论 tough /tʌf/adj. 艰难的 outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/n. 结果 thorough /ˈθʌrə/adj. 彻底的 strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/n. 策略 tolerance /ˈtɒlərəns/n. 忍受力 by the time 到…… 的时候 risk tolerance 风险承受能力 【答案】14. longer 15. had made 16. are achieved 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了做选择是生活的一部分及如何做出更好的选择。 14.考查比较级。句意：也许今天早上你还在纠结是起床还是多睡一会儿。此处表示“多睡一会儿”，应用比较级longer，表示“更久”。故填longer。 15.考查时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 16.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 C 旅行食物浪费 (2025北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 When 17 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18 (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come 20 the planet’s expense. sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/adj. 可持续的 fridge /frɪdʒ/n. 冰箱 release /rɪˈliːs/n. 排放 responsibly /rɪˈspɒnsəbli/adv. 负责任地 World Wildlife Fund 世界野生动物基金会 account for 占比例 take steps 采取措施 at one’s expense 以……为代价 【答案】17. traveling 18. left 19. which 20. at 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出旅行时人们会接触不同文化和经历，但据世界野生动物基金会报告，去年游客产生大量食物垃圾，对全球气体排放有影响。为减少影响，人们可采取如出发前清空冰箱、选择可持续餐饮等简单措施，强调探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。 17.考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。 18.考查时态。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客产生了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，这约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。根据“last year”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“leave”的过去式是“left”。故填left。 19.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 20.考查固定搭配。句意：毕竟，探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。at one’s expense“以……为代价”是固定搭配。故填at。 2024北京卷题组 A 慢下来促进个人成长 (2024北京卷) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time 11 (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of 12 (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. significantly /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/adv. 显著地 reflect /rɪˈflekt/v. 反思 emotion /ɪˈməʊʃn/n. 情绪 boundary /ˈbaʊndəri/n. 界限 selfawareness /ˌself əˈweənəs/n. 自我意识 contribute to 有助于 take time to do sth. 花时间做某事 sense of selfawareness 自我意识 reflect on 反思 establish boundaries 设立界限 【答案】11. to rest 12. self-awareness 13. gives 14. boundaries 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了慢下来对个人成长的重要意义。 11.考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 12.考查名词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词self-awareness，sense of self-awareness表示“自我意识”。故填self-awareness。 13.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。 14.考场名词的数。句意：为了实践这一点，我们需要在个人和职业生活中建立明确的界限。句中boundary是可数名词，表示“界限”，根据空后in our personal and professional life可知，此处表示不止一个界限，名词应用复数形式boundaries。故填boundaries。 B 世界最长寿老人秘诀 (2024北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 15 (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when 16 (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, 17 doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. moderation /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃn/n. 适度 title /ˈtaɪtl/n. 头衔，称号 rarely /ˈreəli/adv. 很少 credit /ˈkredɪt/v. 把…… 归功于 eventually /ɪˈventʃuəli/adv. 最终 be named 被授予称号 credit sth. for doing 把……归功于 【答案】15. was named 16. asked 17. who 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最长寿的人John Tinniswood及其长寿秘诀。 15.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 16.考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。 17.考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 C 帮助一书本掉落男孩 (2024北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought 18 myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, 19 (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I 20 (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” armful /ˈɑːmfʊl/n. 一抱之量 jog /dʒɒɡ/v. 慢跑 think to oneself 心想，暗自思忖 run at sb. 朝某人冲过去 knock sth out of one’s arms 把某物从怀里撞掉 go out flying 飞出去 one’s heart goes out to sb. 同情某人 【答案】18. to 19. knocking 20. jogged 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。 18.考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself为固定搭配，表示“心想，暗想”，符合语境。故填to。 19.考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 20.考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 2023北京卷题组 A 马拉松呼吁水资源保护 (2023北京卷)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 1 global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 2 thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action 3 (address)the struggles of people around the world 4 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. conference /ˈkɒnfərəns/n. 会议 address /əˈdres/v. 设法解决 campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/n. 运动 call attention to 呼吁关注 call for action 呼吁采取行动 【答案】1. to 2. where 3. to address 4. facing 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。尼娜在32个国家跑过马拉松。她所有的跑步活动都有一个目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。她的努力鼓励其他人参与到一场名为“蓝色奔跑”的全球运动中来。 1. 考查介词。句意：她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注”短语为call attention to。故填to。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。 B 建立红树林保护区 (2023北京卷) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 5 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 6 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 7 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. mangrove /ˈmæŋɡrəʊv/n. 红树林 characterise /ˈkærəktəraɪz/v. 以…… 为特征 soften /ˈsɒfn/v. 减弱，缓冲 coastal /ˈkəʊstl/adj. 海岸的 guardian /ˈɡɑːdiən/n. 守护者 from afar 从远处 protect…from …保护…免受… up to now 迄今为止（现在完成时标志） 【答案】5. seen 6. cities 7. has established 【导语】本文是说明文。红树林，生长在陆地和海洋之间，有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭，到目前为止，中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。 5. 考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。 6. 考查名词复数。句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。 7. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 C 不同国家守时文化差异 (2023北京卷)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 8 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 9 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 10 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. punctuality /ˌpʌŋktʃuˈæləti/n. 守时 riddled /ˈrɪdld/adj. 充斥着 appointed /əˈpɔɪntɪd/adj. 约定的 hostess /ˈhəʊstəs/n. 女主人 be riddled with 充斥着 housewarming party 乔迁派对 show up 出现，到场 【答案】8. threw 9. exactly 10. had arrived 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。 8. 考查动词时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填threw。 9. 考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。此处修饰介词短语on time，应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。 10. 考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 2022北京卷题组 A 外卖产生塑料垃圾 (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 11 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 12 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 13 (bad). The use of those plastics 14 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. takeout /ˈteɪkaʊt/n. 外卖 delivery /dɪˈlɪvəri/n. 外卖递送 survive /səˈvaɪv/v. 生存，存活 order delivery 点外卖 【答案】11. themselves 12. which 13. worse 14. has increased 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。 【详解】1.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者预定配送服务。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 2.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只能使用一次。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 3.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 4.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 B 气味偏好的研究 (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 15   (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 16 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 17 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. detect /dɪˈtekt/v. 察觉，发现 leak /liːk/n. 泄漏 recognisable /ˈrekəɡnaɪzəbl/adj. 可识别的 whether… or not 是否 be adopted to do被采用来…… raise the alarm 发出警报 【答案】15. supported 16. whether 17. has 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。 15. 考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。 16. 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。 17. 考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 C 夜间独行经历 (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Helen was walking down the street late 18 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 19 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 20 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! grocery /ˈɡrəʊsəri/n. 食品杂货 fearful /ˈfɪəfl/adj. 害怕的 intention /ɪnˈtenʃn/n. 意图 have an intention to do sth. 有意做某事 catch up with 追上 【答案】18. in 19. to harm 20. caught 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。 18. 考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。 19. 考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 20. 考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。 2021北京卷题组 A 极端天气需要预防 (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 There 21 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 22 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 23 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 24 (invest) in disaster prevention. dramatic /drəˈmætɪk/adj. 急剧的 extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/adj. 极端的 disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/n. 灾难 critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/adj. 至关重要的 result in 造成 invest in 投资于 disaster prevention 防灾 【答案】21. has been 22. caused 23. resulting 24. to invest 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的，引发重大自然灾害，造成了极大的经济损失，因此人们急需投资于灾害预防。 21. 考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 22. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。 23. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。 24. 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明，急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知，此处表示未来的动作，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to invest。 B 生活博主救助一位老人 (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 25 a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about 26 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 27 （safe） wait for the police to take her home. streamer /ˈstriːmə(r)/n. 博主；流媒体主播 wander /ˈwɒndə(r)/v. 徘徊，游荡 convenience /kənˈviːniəns/n. 便利 livestream 直播 go about his day 度过一天日常 come across 偶遇 on a cold night 在寒冷的夜晚 convenience store 便利店 【答案】25. on 26. where 27. safely 【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了生活博主Sam救助一个老妇人的故事。 25. 考查介词。句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚，当他骑着自行车回家时，他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自在街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等，须用介词on。故填on。 26. 考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句，根据句意，此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意，从句中作地点状语，故填where。 27. 考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。 C 人们做梦原因 (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do we dream? Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse 28 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything 29 happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 30 (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/adj. 各种各样的 sort /sɔːt/v. 整理，梳理 side effect 副作用 sort through 整理，梳理 link … to … 把…和…联系起来 【答案】28. ideas 29. that 30. connects 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了我们为什么会做梦的原因。 28. 考查可数名词的数。句意：科学家们还不能完全确定，他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的，多种多样的”，形容词作定语，后接可数名词复数；idea想法，可数名词。故填ideas。 29. 考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 30. 考查时态。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词turns可知，空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数it，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。 试卷第2页（共17页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $