2026年高中英语外刊精练动物心智：关于想象力的新发现 -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 以动物心智研究为载体，融合阅读理解、七选五等题型，通过科学实验类文本系统训练信息定位、逻辑推理及综合表达能力，体现语言能力与思维品质的协同培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|4题|细节定位（68%正确率数据）、主旨归纳（研究价值分析）、推理判断（心理学家评论）|从具体实验操作到研究结论再到科学反思，形成"现象-结论-局限"认知链条| |七选五|5题|转折关系（传统观点vs新发现）、例证衔接（Kanzi追踪假想物品）、结论提示（研究局限）|遵循"提出问题-实验验证-结果讨论-研究展望"的学术文章结构| |阅读表达|2题|直接信息提取（主要发现）、观点转述（所需数据类型）|从文本具体信息到抽象概括，训练精准语言输出能力| |读后续写|2段|情境延续（课堂分享）、主题深化（客观态度培养）|以科学认知为基础，发展批判性思维与跨文化意识|

2026年高中英语外刊精练 动物心智：关于想象力的新发现 Are pretending and building imaginary situations skills only human beings own? To figure out this question, a team of evolution researchers did a series of tests on Kanzi, a bonobo with longterm language training. Their goal was to see whether primates could truly understand objects that exist only in the mind. In the experiment, researchers tested Kanzi’s imaginative power through simulated games. A researcher sat opposite Kanzi at a table. On the table between them lay an empty container and two clear cups. The researcher acted as if pouring juice into both cups, then pretended to pour juice from one cup back into the container. Kanzi was then required to point out which cup still held the “remaining juice”. The team repeated similar steps with pretend grapes, shifting these nonexistent fruits back and forth between two containers. Kanzi showed surprisingly good performance in following these imagined items. In 68 percent of rounds, he correctly picked the cup with supposed juice. When the test switched to pretend grapes, he gave right answers in 69 percent of cases. To rule out the possibility that Kanzi simply mixed fantasy with reality, researchers set up a comparative test. When offered a choice between the cup used in pretend games and another cup filled with real orange juice, Kanzi repeatedly chose the real one. It meant he knew well the difference between makebelieve play and realworld facts, instead of merely copying human hand movements. The study was originally designed to observe simple behaviors under fixed test conditions. At first, most experts believed primates were unable to form abstract thoughts. Yet the final results went far beyond researchers’ early expectations. “Our findings suggest some primates have complicated mental abilities, which were once considered unique to humans,” said Christopher Krupenye, one member of the research group. This new finding helps us better understand how human imagination developed over long evolutionary periods. Even so, one point should not be ignored. Kanzi has spent his whole life staying with human scientists and has picked up advanced communication skills from them. We still have no clear evidence whether wild bonobos naturally have such mental gifts. As psychologist Natalie Awad Schwob commented, “We need more test results from bonobos growing up in natural surroundings. Only with such data can we tell whether this imaginative skill is widespread among the species or mainly shaped by human influence.” 一、阅读理解 1.What was Kanzi asked to do in Paragraph 2’s experiment? A．Mark the location of the cups. B．Choose between pretend and real juice. C．Follow the moves of imagined objects. D．Copy the researcher’s pouring actions. 2.What conclusion can we draw from the comparative test? A．He copied human actions on purpose. B．He was born with such cognitive ability. C．He could tell fantasy apart from reality. D．He could hardly recognize physical objects. 3.What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on? A．Its research purpose. B．Its testing process. C．Its research background. D．Its research value. 4.What does Natalie Awad Schwob’s comment imply? A．Old experimental data needs rechecking. B．The research has certain limitations. C．New practical applications should be developed. D．Present results have already drawn a final conclusion. 二、七选五 People have long held the belief that imagination and pretend activities belong only to human beings. 1 Researchers carried out tests on Kanzi, a languagetrained bonobo, to explore whether primates can understand imaginary objects. During the experiments, researchers performed a set of pretend operations with juice and grapes. 2 In most test rounds, Kanzi could correctly track where those nonexistent items “went”. A comparative test further proved his ability to separate makebelieve from real facts. 3 The research started from the traditional view that primates lacked abstract thinking. However, its outputs greatly exceeded early expectations. It shows some primates own complex mental abilities once thought only humans possessed. Still, we should treat the study’s findings with caution. 4 He gained rich communication skills from longtime contact with human researchers. 5 More test samples of bonobos growing up in natural environments are required before we reach a firm conclusion. A. He succeeded in following the shifts of imaginary items. B. Yet new research brings this old belief into question. C. The study offers new clues for the evolution of human imagination. D. Kanzi did not grow up among wild bonobo groups. E. Wild bonobos have been thoroughly studied in related fields. F. It is wrong to carry out behavioral tests on intelligent animals. G. It remains uncertain whether this ability is common for bonobos. 三、阅读表达 1.What is the major finding of the tests on Kanzi? 2.What kind of test data does Natalie Awad Schwob hope to get? 四、读后续写 Li Jia visited a wildlife science exhibition last weekend. There she learned about Kanzi’s interesting experiments. Before that, she had always believed imagination was a unique gift for humans. The test results surprised her greatly. Yet she also noticed scientists’ warning: Kanzi grew up together with humans, and we could not be sure whether wild bonobos shared the same ability. Li Jia became curious about animal intelligence. She wanted to share this new knowledge with her classmates and call on them to view animal mental abilities with objective attitudes. But she wondered how to organize such a classsharing activity well. Paragraph 1：The next Monday, Li Jia prepared materials and gave a short sharing in her class. Paragraph 2：In the following weeks, more students began to show interest in animal cognition. 2026年高中英语外刊精练 参考答案 一、阅读理解 1.C 解析：细节理解。第二段实验中，研究人员做虚拟倾倒动作，要求 Kanzi 追踪想象物体的位置。A 不是实验任务；B 是后面对照实验内容；D 错误，任务不是模仿倾倒动作。 2.C 解析：细节理解。对照测试中 Kanzi 反复选择装有真实橙汁的杯子，证明它可以分清想象与现实。A 与原文 “instead of merely copying human hand movements” 矛盾；B 无法从该对照实验得出；D 和原文事实相反。 3.D 解析：段落主旨。第四段介绍研究打破旧观点，帮助理解人类想象力的进化，讲述研究价值与意义。 4.B 解析：推理判断。心理学家提出需要更多野生环境成长的倭黑猩猩数据，暗示现有研究存在局限，还不能下最终定论。A、C 文中无依据；D 与原文语义相反。 二、七选五 1.B 转折，新研究对传统固有观点提出质疑，引出实验。 2.A 承接实验过程，说明 Kanzi 可以追踪假想物品的移动。 3.C 段落主题句，点明研究的价值：为人类想象力进化提供新线索。 4.D 指出 Kanzi 成长环境特殊，并非野生种群长大。 5.G 提出不确定性：尚不清楚该能力是否在倭黑猩猩中普遍存在。。 三、阅读表达 1.Some primates have humanlike complex mental abilities. 2.Test data from bonobos growing up in natural surroundings. 四、读后续写 Paragraph 1：The next Monday, Li Jia prepared materials and gave a short sharing in her class. She told her classmates about Kanzi’s experiments. She explained that the bonobo could track imaginary objects, which suggested primates might have imaginative ability. Meanwhile, she reminded her classmates of the study’s limits. Since Kanzi lived with humans, we could not draw general conclusions for wild bonobos. Her speech aroused many classmates’ curiosity. Paragraph 2：In the following weeks, more students began to show interest in animal cognition. Some students looked for related science articles after class and exchanged their ideas with each other. Gradually, they formed a clear opinion: animal minds deserved careful and objective research. Li Jia realized real science never jumps to quick conclusions. Every new discovery still needed further evidence to get confirmed. 总 结 重点单词 1. simulate v. 模拟 2. evolution n. 进化 3. primate n. 灵长类动物 4. imaginary adj. 想象的 5. comparative adj. 对比的，比较的 6. rule out 排除 7. fantasy n. 幻想 8. abstract adj. 抽象的 9. complicated adj. 复杂的 10. evolutionary adj. 进化的 11. comment v.&n. 评论 12. widespread adj. 广泛存在的 重点短语 1. figure out 弄明白，搞清楚 2. opposite sb. 在某人对面 3. work through 完成；处理 4. go far beyond 远远超出 5. pick up 习得（技能） 6. over long periods 在很长时期内 7. shape by 受…… 影响、塑造 8. mix … with … 把…… 和…… 混淆 参考译文 假装和构建想象中的情景，是否是人类独有的技能？为弄清这个问题，一组进化研究人员对接受过长期语言训练的倭黑猩猩坎齐开展了一系列测试。他们想要弄清灵长类动物是否能够真正理解只存在于脑海中的事物。 实验中，研究人员通过模拟小游戏测试坎齐的想象能力。一名研究人员和坎齐隔桌而坐。两人之间的桌面上摆放着一个空容器和两个透明杯子。研究人员做出往两个杯子里倒果汁的动作，再假装把其中一杯果汁倒回容器。随后要求坎齐指出哪只杯子还留有 “剩余的果汁”。研究团队还用假想的葡萄重复这套流程，在两个容器之间来回转移这些并不真实存在的果实。 在追踪这些想象中的物品时，坎齐表现出人意料的出色。68% 的测试回合中，它可以准确选出装有假想果汁的杯子。换成假想葡萄的测试时，它的正确率达到 69%。为排除坎齐只是混淆幻想和现实的可能性，研究人员设置了对照测试。当让它在游戏中使用过的杯子和装有真实橙汁的杯子之间做选择时，坎齐一次次选择真实橙汁。这表明它完全分得清假想游戏与客观现实，而不只是单纯模仿人类手部动作。 这项研究最初设计用来观察固定测试条件下的简单行为。起初多数专家认为灵长类无法进行抽象思考，但最终结果远远超出研究者早期预期。研究组成员克里斯托弗・克鲁佩涅表示：“我们的发现表明，部分灵长类拥有复杂的心智能力，过去人们认为这类能力只为人类所独有。” 这一新发现帮助我们更好理解人类想象力在漫长进化过程中如何形成。 即便如此，有一点不容忽视。坎齐一生都和人类科学家相处，从他们身上习得了高级沟通技能。我们依旧没有确凿证据证明野生倭黑猩猩天生具备这类心智天赋。正如心理学家娜塔莉・阿瓦德・施沃布评价：“我们需要更多在自然环境下长大的倭黑猩猩的实验结果。只有依靠这些数据，我们才能判断这种想象能力是该物种普遍具备，还是主要受人类影响而形成。” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $