Unit 2 Be Sporty，Be Healthy（核心语法精练）英语译林版必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态，通过知识回顾-考点夯基-综合提升三阶训练，系统构建语法体系，强化语境应用能力，提升语言理解与表达素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|1表格|通过定义、句型结构（肯定/否定/疑问）、用法三维度对比两种被动语态|从概念生成（定义）到结构推导（句型）再到应用拓展（用法），逻辑链条清晰| |考点夯基|单项选择10题、单句语法填空10题、完成句子10题|结合语境辨析时态标志词（now/currently/so far），强化被动结构应用|针对语法规则直接设题，覆盖核心考法与易错点，巩固基础应用| |综合提升|阅读理解2篇、七选五1篇、语法填空1篇|在语篇中综合运用被动语态分析句意，提升语境理解与思维品质|从单句到语篇，实现语法知识向语言能力的迁移，培养跨情境应用能力|

Unit 2 Be Sporty,Be Healthy （现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态） 目录 一、知识回顾 1 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、单句语法填空 5 三、完成句子 7 三、综合提升 9 一、阅读理解 9 二、七选五 13 三、语法填空 15 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态 时态 定义 句型结构 用法 现在进行时的被动语态 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。 肯定句：主语+am/is/are + being + v-ed+其他. a. 主语是动作的承受者且动作正在发生或持续。 b. 一种习惯的被动行为，常与always, constantly等频度副词连用，常有赞赏或讨厌等感情色彩。 c. 与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生动作的推测。 否定句：主语+am/is/are + not + being + v-ed+其他. 一般疑问：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + v-ed +其他？ 特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + am/is/are + being+ v-ed + 其他？ 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 +being + v-ed + 其他？ 现在完成时的被动语态 表示动作已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。主语为动作的承受者，与谓语动词之间是被动关系，可用by引出动作的发出者。 肯定句：主语+have/has + been + v-ed+其他. a. 动作或状态始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去。 b. 用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作。 c. 其他注意事项。 否定句：主语+have/has + not + been + v-ed+其他. 一般疑问句: Have/Has+主语+ been + v-ed+其他？ 特殊疑问句: 提问主语：疑问词 + have/has + been + v-ed+其他？ 提问其他：疑问词 + 一般疑问句？ 一、单项选择 1．Hi, it’s Tim. Greetings from Paris! This broadcast ________ to you from one of the largest museums on Earth. A．is being brought B．is bringing C．was being brought D．was bringing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：嗨，我是蒂姆。来自巴黎的问候！这个广播正从地球上最大的博物馆之一向您播出。分析句子可知，主语This broadcast与动词bring之间是被动关系，需使用被动语态；根据前句“Hi, it’s Tim Greetings from Paris!”可知，动作正在发生，需使用现在进行时的被动语态，且主语为单数，谓语用is being brought。 2．If we live ________ nature, we will surely get great rewards from our beautiful earth. A．in pursuit of B．in harmony with C．in response to D．in favor of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果我们与自然和谐相处，我们一定会从美丽的地球得到巨大的回报。A. in pursuit of追求；B. in harmony with与……和谐相处；C. in response to对……做出回应；D. in favor of赞同。根据“get great rewards from our beautiful earth”可知，空格表示与自然和谐相处。 3．The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. A．is being restored B．is restored C．is restoring D．restores 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那座修复当中的木塔不久将对游客开放，修复工作已接近尾声。修复工作正在进行，使用现在进行时。主语that指代The wooden tower和restore为被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态。 4．My mother has to go shopping on foot because her bike ________ now. A．will be repaired B．is repaired C．is being repaired D．has been repaired 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妈妈不得不步行去购物，因为她的自行车现在正在被修理。根据句中的时间状语now可知，“修理自行车”的动作正在进行，应使用现在进行时；且主语her bike与动词repair之间为被动关系，需使用被动语态，此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态；主语为单数，be动词用is。 5．Currently, about 35,000 works, along with a famous Renaissance painting, ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A．was displaying B．are displaying C．is being displayed D．are being displayed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：目前，大约35,000件作品和一幅著名的文艺复兴时期的画作正在卢浮宫的300多个房间里展出，看完所有作品需要一辈子的时间。display(展出)作谓语，与主语部分“about 35,000 works, along with a famous Renaissance painting”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“Currently”可知，讲述现阶段正在发生的事情，用现在进行时的被动语态；且当主语中有along with连接的附加成分时，谓语动词应与附加成分前的名词保持一致，35,000 works是复数名词，谓语用复数形式are being displayed。 6．The majority of the important tasks ________ by our team so far. A．are finished B．are being finished C．will be finished D．have been finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们团队已经完成了大部分重要任务。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“so far”可知，应用现在完成时；主语tasks与谓语动词finish之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语“the majority of + 复数名词”谓语动词用复数形式，故用现在完成时的被动语态have been finished。 7．Tom is busy now, because so many invitations ________ by him. A．are written B．are being written C．will be written D．have been written 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆现在很忙，因为有这么多的请柬正在被他写。根据主句中的时间状语now可知，从句表示目前正在进行的动作，应使用现在进行时；且从句主语so many invitations与动词write之间为被动关系，故应用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are being + 过去分词”。主语invitations为复数，助动词用are。 8．With recent changes of the curriculum ________ by the Ministry of Education, the number of poems ________ is being increased from fourteen to seventy-two for students. A．to be announced; memorized B．to be announced; to memorize C．announced; to be memorized D．announced; being memorized 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着教育部最近宣布的课程变动，学生需要背诵的诗歌数量正从14首增加到72首。第一空处在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，announce(宣布)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语changes之间是被动关系，应用过去分词announced表被动；第二空处作后置定语，memorize(记忆)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语poems之间是被动关系，且‌“背诵”这一动作尚未发生，表示将来要做的事，故应使用不定式的被动形式to be memorized。 9．More expressways ________ in Binhai New Area now to promote the local economy. A．are being built B．will be built C．were built D．had been built 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了促进当地经济，现在滨海新区正在建设更多的高速公路。根据句中的时间状语now可知，动作正在进行，用现在进行时；且主语More expressways与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，需使用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用are being built。 10．Don’t enter the meeting room. An important plan ______ there at present. A．is discussing B．has discussed C．is being discussed D．has been discussed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要进会议室。目前那里正在讨论一项重要的计划。根据句中的时间状语at present可知，表示动作正在进行，应使用现在进行时；且主语An important plan与动词discuss之间是被动关系，故应用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用is being discussed。 二、单句语法填空 1．The bridge (repair) now, so you can’t cross it. 【答案】is being repaired 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：桥正在修理，所以你不能过桥。设空处谓语，由“now”可知句子是现在进行时，桥是“正在被修理”，用现在进行时的被动语态，结构是“am/is/are+ being+过去分词”，主语The bridge是单数，助动词用is，repair的过去分词 repaired。故填is being repaired。 2．The children’s book (illustrate) right now and will be published soon. 【答案】is being illustrated 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这本儿童读物目前正在配插图，很快就会出版。所给词illustrate为动词，意为“为……作插图”；主语The children’s book与illustrate之间为被动关系，且由时间状语right now可知，动作正在进行，故应用现在进行时的被动语态is being illustrated。故填is being illustrated。 3．Paper books are being (ignore), in favor of screens. 【答案】ignored 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：纸质书正在被忽视，取而代之的是屏幕。主语Paper books与动词ignore“忽视”为被动关系，本空用ignore的过去分词ignored，与空前的are being，构成现在进行时的被动语态。故填ignored。 4．The problem which (discuss) in the meeting room now is very important to the development of the company. 【答案】is being discussed 【详解】考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：现在会议室内正在商讨的问题对这家公司的发展尤为重要。“which ____ (discuss) in the meeting room now”是定语从句，修饰先行词The problem，关系词which在从句中作主语，与所给动词discuss之间是被动关系，结合时间状语now可知，此处应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语which指代单数名词The problem，be动词用is。故填is being discussed。 5．It is announced that a lot of houses (build) at present in the disaster area. 【答案】are being built 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，灾区目前正在建造许多房屋。房屋是被建，由at present可知，此处使用现在进行时，build与a lot of houses之间为被动关系，所以，房子是正在被修建，因此句子用现在进行时的被动语态，主语houses是复数，因此空格处是are being built。故填are being built。 6．Now, the glass bottles (recycle) by some workers. 【答案】are being recycled 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：现在，一些工人正在回收这些玻璃瓶。句分析句子可知，中时间状语“Now”表明动作正在进行，主语“the glass bottles”与谓语动词“recycle”之间是被动关系（瓶子被回收），因此需用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are + being + 过去分词”。主语“bottles”是复数，故be动词用“are”，“recycle”的过去分词为 “recycled”。故填are being recycled。 7．Some species will die out soon because they (kill) by human beings now. 【答案】are being killed 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：有些物种很快就会灭绝，因为它们现在正在被人类杀死。主语they与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文now可知为现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are being killed。 8．Currently, about 35,0000 works (display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre. 【答案】are being displayed 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：目前，大约有 35000 件作品正陈列在卢浮宫的 300 多个展室里。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话有Currently作时间状语，描述的是现在正在进行的事情，谓语用现在进行时，主语works和动词display是被动关系，用被动语态结构，be动词用are。故填are being displayed。 9．The house (decorate) now for the New Year’s celebration. 【答案】is being decorated 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：房子正在装饰，准备庆祝新年。房子是被装饰，由now可知，是现在正在被装饰，句子用现在进行时的被动语态is/are being done，主语house是单数，因此空格处是is being decorated。故填is being decorated。 10．The funding for crucial wildlife conservation projects (cut) due to budget constraints. 【答案】is being cut 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：由于预算限制，用于重要野生动物保护项目的资金正在削减。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，cut作谓语，根据“due to budget constraints”可知，由于预算限制，用于重要野生动物保护项目的资金正在被削减，此处表示正在进行的被动动作，用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，谓语用单数，故填is being cut。 三、完成句子 1．那座桥正在被重建，我受不了这噪音。 , but I can’t stand the noise. 【答案】That bridge is being rebuilt 【详解】考查时态。“正在被重建”表示动作正在进行且主语That bridge与谓语动词rebuild (重建)之间为被动关系，需用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are+being+过去分词。主语That bridge为单数，be动词用is，过去分词为rebuilt。故填That bridge is being rebuilt。 2．等一下。晚餐的菜正在厨房里做着呢。 Wait a minute. The dishes for the dinner in the kitchen. 【答案】are being cooked 【详解】考查时态和语态。“正在被做”描述正在被做的事情，应用现在进行时的被动语态am/is/are being done，“做饭”为动词cook，主语是复数，be动词应用are，故填are being cooked。 3．许多有趣的实验正在进行。 A lot of . 【答案】interesting experiments are being carried out 【详解】考查时态和语态。“有趣的实验”为interesting experiment，由A lot of可知， experiment应用复数形式，“进行”为短语carry out，主语A lot of interesting experiments和动词短语carry out是被动关系，且由句意“正在进行”可知应用现在进行时的被动，主语是复数，be动词应用are，故填are being carried out。 4．这些天正在进行着许多有趣的讨论。 Many interesting discussions these days. 【答案】are being carried out 【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。结合句意，可知缺少“正在进行着”，时态是现在进行时，carry out，意为“实施，执行”，主语和carry out之间是被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态be being done，主语是复数，系动词用are，carry的过去分词是carried。故填are being carried out。 5．我校正在举行运动会。 in our school. 【答案】The sports meeting is being held 【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。结合汉语意思，可知缺少“正在举行运动会”，主语是The sports meeting（运动会），主语和动词hold是被动关系，句子时态是现在进行时，所以现在进行时的被动语态be being done，主语是第三人称单数，系动词用is，故填入The sports meeting is being held。 6．市内已为濒危动物新建了一个自然保护区。 A new nature reserve for endangered animals in the city. (set，现在完成时态的被动语态) 【答案】has been set up 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。现在完成时态的被动语态结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”，句子主语“A new nature reserve”是单数，所以助动词用 has，“set”的过去分词是“set”。表示“创建”为动词短语set up。所以应填入“has been set up”。故填has been set up。 7．越来越多的栖息地正在遭到破坏，竹子被砍伐。 More and more habitats and the bamboo . 【答案】 are being destroyed has been cut down 【详解】考查时态，被动语态，固定短语和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“正在遭到破坏”，第二空意为“被砍伐”，“破坏”是destroy，“正在遭到破坏”用现在进行时的被动语态，主语habitats是复数，因此第一空是are being destroyed；“砍伐”是cut down，此处表示竹子已经被砍伐，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语bamboo是不可数名词，因此第二空是has been cut down。故填are being destroyed，has been cut down。 8．这件事已经仔细调查过了。 This matter . 【答案】has been carefully looked into 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“已经仔细调查过了”，表示“调查”应用动词短语look into，表示“仔细”应用副词carefully，作状语修饰动词短语，根据句意可知，句子描述动作发生过去，对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语This matter和动词look之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，This matter为单数，应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been carefully looked into。 9．那只受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。 The injured bird since it was saved. 【答案】has been looked after 【详解】考查时态和语态。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“一直被照看着”，应用动词短语look after，意为“照看，照顾”，根据时间状语从句since it was saved可知，句子表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍要继续下去，应用现在完成时，主语The injured bird与动词look之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语The injured bird是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has been looked after。 10．已证实这是最有效的治疗方法。 it is is the most effective treatment. 【答案】It has been confirmed that 【详解】考查固定句型、时态和语态。此处需要一个表达“已证实……”意思的结构来引导后面的从句，常用的句型是“It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句”，这里“证实”用confirm表示，其与主语It之间是被动关系，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态“has been confirmed”，之后用 that引导从句，所以完整表达为It has been confirmed that。故填It has been confirmed that。 一、阅读理解 A WALK FOR GREEN How often do you walk around the campus instead of getting straight onto the shuttle bus? The beauties of our campus deserve to be better explored and can best be explored on foot. Walking is also greener and healthier compared with buses. To encourage more students and staff members to walk around the campus, our school has launched a new “Walk for Green” programme. Programme Setting out from the MTR Station, “Walk for Green” recommends various walking routes on campus, one of which covers the YIA Building, LSK Building and LWS Building. Card readers for different walking routes have been installed (安装) to record the number of points completed by “Walk for Green” participants. Participants who collect 60 points within 30 days will be awarded the title “Green Walker”. Participation To participate, students and staff members are supposed to select a pre-set route, and tap their school cards at the card readers installed at both the start and end points. Name, student/staff ID, department/unit, date, time and card readers tapped will be recorded. Walking Journey Points Important Notes: 1. Walkers must complete one trip (either upwards or downwards) within one hour to score points. 2. Up to six points will be awarded each day. Every time you take a walk on campus, you are helping to protect our environment and also keeping yourself healthy. Let’s start from today! 1．Where does “Walk for Green” start? A．YIA Building. B．MTR Station. C．LWS Building. D．LSK Building. 2．What are participants required to do? A．Collect at least 6 points. B．Keep a fixed speed. C．Choose a marked route. D．Complete a round trip. 3．How many points do you get by walking from YIA Building to LWS Building? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．6. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍学校推出的“Walk for Green”校园步行环保活动，包含活动路线、打卡积分规则、参与方式与相关注意事项。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据Programme板块中的“Setting out from the MTR Station(活动从地铁站出发)”可知，活动起点是MTR Station。 2．细节理解题。根据Participation板块中的“To participate, students and staff members are supposed to select a pre-set route(想要参与，师生需要选择一条预设好的路线)”可知，参加者要选择标注好的路线。 3．细节理解题。根据Walking Journey Points图片中的“YIA⇌LSK+2 points(YIA⇌LSK+2 分)”和“LSK⇌LWS+1 point(LSK⇌LWS+1分)”可知，由于从YIA Building步行至LWS Building需经过LSK Building，从YIA Building走到LSK Building对应2分，从LSK Building到LWS Building对应1分，因此总分为2+1=3 分。 B Many people believe that running is a good way to keep fit. They like to run in hot weather and enjoy the feeling of being wet through with sweat. Instead, cold weather during winter, with low temperatures and freezing winds, may stop them from running in the open air. However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, running in cold weather helps improve one’s performance. John Brewer, a professor of applied sports science at St. Mary’s University in London, carried out an experiment with other researchers. During the experiment, a group of people were put into a room where summer or winter weather conditions could be created. The test subjects were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions and their biological data was collected and studied. The result indicates that running in hot temperatures results in 6 percent higher heart rates. According to Brewer, every movement that a runner makes produces heat, which can be really damaging unless the body can lose it. One way to lose heat is by sweating. The other is by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin. The process puts more stress on the heart in hot conditions. When running in winter, the body does not have to work hard to move blood to the skin surface. Therefore, it requires less energy. So don’t let cold weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running. 1．What may stop people from running outdoors in winter? A．More stress on the heart. B．The desire for keeping fit. C．The feeling of being wet through. D．Low temperatures and freezing winds. 2．According to the passage, running in cold weather ________. A．requires more energy B．makes the heartbeat faster C．helps improve one’s performance D．enables the body to produce no heat 3．According to Brewer, what’s the other way to lose heat besides sweating? A．By keeping ourselves indoors. B．By carrying out an experiment. C．By creating summer weather conditions. D．By transporting the blood to the skin surface. 4．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To collect the data for a new study on running. B．To encourage people to run outdoors in winter. C．To focus on the danger of running in hot weather. D．To show us how to keep fit while running in summer. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】文章通过引用一项新的研究结果，说明了在寒冷天气下跑步对身体的好处，并鼓励人们不要在冬季放弃户外跑步。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Instead, cold weather during winter, with low temperatures and freezing winds, may stop them from running in the open air. (相反，冬季的寒冷天气，伴随着低温和刺骨的寒风，可能会阻止他们在户外跑步。)”可知，低温和寒风是阻止人们冬天在户外跑步的原因。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“In fact, running in cold weather helps improve one’s performance. (事实上，在寒冷天气下跑步有助于提高一个人的运动表现。)”可知，在寒冷天气跑步有助于提高表现。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句“One way to lose heat is by sweating. The other is by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin. (散热的一种方式是出汗。另一种方式是将血液输送到皮肤表面。)”可知，除了出汗，另一种散热方式是将血液输送到皮肤表面。 4．推理判断题。文章第一段写人们喜欢在热天跑步，但寒冷天气可能让他们放弃户外跑步。第二段写新研究表明，寒冷天气跑步反而有助于提升运动表现，并通过实验加以验证。第三段写实验结果——热天跑步会增加心脏负担，而冷天跑步耗能更少、心脏压力更小。且作者在第四段“So don’t let cold weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running. (所以不要让寒冷的天气把你困在室内。只需为低温做好准备，然后开始跑步吧。)”鼓励人们冬季去户外跑步。由此可知，作者的写作目的是鼓励人们在冬天到户外跑步。 二、七选五 During low-intensity and moderate-intensity exercise (such as walking and cycling), we tend to breathe in through our noses and out through our mouths. Most of us would assume breathing through the mouth is the best technique to use during intense exercise (such as running), as it allows more oxygen to reach our muscles. 1 Studies have shown that when exercising at different intensities, less oxygen is used when breathing through the nose compared to breathing through the mouth. 2 Think of oxygen like fuel for cars. The more miles per gallon of fuel a car covers, the better its “fuel economy” is. Likewise, the less oxygen used per footstep, the less energy a person uses. This means you can run further without becoming tired quickly. Researchers also suggest that breathing through your nose increases the production of nitric oxide (一氧化氮), which benefits the body in several ways. It enhances oxygen delivery to the lungs and muscles by lowering blood pressure and facilitating better blood flow. 3 While these all sound incredibly encouraging, there is some negativity to be aware of. 4 If you introduce it without training first, it could lead to “air hunger” — a process whereby a small amount of carbon dioxide is retained (保留) at the end of each breath. This can cause discomfort and overbreathing. As with anything, practice makes perfect. 5 Try and relax into the process. Ensure your tongue is at the top of your mouth, as this relaxes the jaw and face muscles making it easier to draw a deep breath through your nose. You can also alternate between breathing through your nose and your mouth until you get more used to breathing only through your nose. A．But evidence shows the contrary. B．This may not be suitable for other types of exercise. C．It may also provide protection against airborne viruses. D．When learning to breathe through the nose, don’t force air in. E．Be sure to breathe through your nose while running next time. F．Breathing only through the nose during exercise is a learned process. G．This could be a real advantage in line with the economy of movement. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．C 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了运动时用鼻呼吸比用嘴呼吸更具优势，如提高氧气利用率、促进一氧化氮生成等，同时指出需通过训练适应，并给出了练习建议。 【详解】1．上文“Most of us would assume breathing through the mouth is the best technique to use during intense exercise (such as running), as it allows more oxygen to reach our muscles. (我们大多数人会认为在剧烈运动如跑步时，用嘴呼吸是最佳技巧，因为它能让更多氧气到达肌肉)”提出普遍看法，认为剧烈运动时用嘴呼吸更好，下文“Studies have shown that when exercising at different intensities, less oxygen is used when breathing through the nose compared to breathing through the mouth.(研究表明，在不同强度运动时，用鼻呼吸比用嘴呼吸消耗的氧气更少)”呈现了与普遍看法相反的研究结果。A选项“But evidence shows the contrary(但证据显示恰恰相反)”承上启下，否定了上文的假设，引出下文的研究发现，符合语境。 2．上文“Studies have shown that when exercising at different intensities, less oxygen is used when breathing through the nose compared to breathing through the mouth.(研究表明，在不同强度运动时，用鼻呼吸比用嘴呼吸消耗的氧气更少)”说明鼻呼吸更节省氧气，下文“Think of oxygen like fuel for cars. The more miles per gallon of fuel a car covers, the better its “fuel economy” is. Likewise, the less oxygen used per footstep, the less energy a person uses.(把氧气想象成汽车的燃料。汽车每加仑燃料行驶的里程越多，其“燃油经济性”就越好。同样地，每步消耗的氧气越少，人使用的能量就越少)”用汽车燃油经济性作类比，解释省氧带来的能量效率优势。G选项“This could be a real advantage in line with the economy of movement.(这可能是一个与运动经济性相符的真正优势)”中的This指代上文“less oxygen is used”，同时引出下文的类比解释，符合语境。 3．上文“Researchers also suggest that breathing through your nose increases the production of nitric oxide (一氧化氮), which benefits the body in several ways. It enhances oxygen delivery to the lungs and muscles by lowering blood pressure and facilitating better blood flow.(研究人员还指出，用鼻呼吸会增加一氧化氮的产生，这对身体有多种益处。它通过降低血压和促进更好的血流来增强氧气向肺部和肌肉的输送)”列举了鼻呼吸产生一氧化氮的益处。C选项“It may also provide protection against airborne viruses.(它也可能提供针对空气传播病毒的保护)”中的also表示递进，补充了鼻呼吸的另一项好处，与上文列举的益处构成并列，且下文“While these all sound incredibly encouraging, there is some negativity to be aware of. (虽然这些听起来都令人鼓舞，但也有一些负面因素需要注意)”中的these指代前文提到的所有益处，包括此项，符合语境。 4．上文“While these all sound incredibly encouraging, there is some negativity to be aware of. (虽然这些听起来都令人鼓舞，但也有一些负面因素需要注意)”提示下文将讨论鼻呼吸的负面因素，下文“If you introduce it without training first, it could lead to “air hunger” — a process whereby a small amount of carbon dioxide is retained (保留) at the end of each breath. This can cause discomfort and overbreathing.(如果你在未经训练的情况下直接采用，可能会导致“空气饥渴”——即每次呼吸结束时保留少量二氧化碳的过程。这会导致不适和过度呼吸)”具体说明了未经训练直接进行鼻呼吸的问题。F选项“Breathing only through the nose during exercise is a learned process.(在运动期间仅用鼻子呼吸是一个学习的过程)”暗示这需要学习，自然引出下文关于未经训练可能带来的问题，符合语境。 5．上文“As with anything, practice makes perfect.(和任何事情一样，熟能生巧)”强调练习的重要性，下文“Try and relax into the process. Ensure your tongue is at the top of your mouth, as this relaxes the jaw and face muscles making it easier to draw a deep breath through your nose. You can also alternate between breathing through your nose and your mouth until you get more used to breathing only through your nose.(试着放松进入这个过程。确保舌头抵在上颚，因为这能放松下巴和面部肌肉，使通过鼻子深呼吸更容易。你也可以交替用鼻和嘴呼吸，直到你更习惯只用鼻子呼吸)”给出了具体的练习建议和注意事项。D选项“When learning to breathe through the nose, don’t force air in.(当学习用鼻呼吸时，不要强行吸气)”与下文“Try and relax into the process”相呼应，给出了练习时的正确态度，符合语境。 三、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或所给单词的正确形式。 The market for wearable technology in the past few years has been on a rapid rise. We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices. 1 is it a good thing that we’re relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take? Can those tools really maximize your workout benefits? The real question 2 (surround) not the wearable, but the wearer. The challenge for athletes 3 (look) to up their game with data is finding the type of information that is most helpful. If you are hoping to run faster and want to try moderating your pace based on heart rate “zones,” 4 wearable can help you do so. However, for professionals and those who are new 5 working out, less is more. Earlier this month, Sara Hall, a professional marathon runner competing in the U. S. Olympic marathon trials, actually 6 (throw) away her GPS watch midrace to avoid distraction. Similarly, for beginner runners, it’s more important to learn to listen to your body’s signals — tiredness, 7 (ache), bursts of energy — 8 to track your pace or heart rate. Depending on what those goals are, there might be ways to achieve them that are more cost 9 (effect), more fun, more convenient. Dr. Ethan Weiss, a physician at the University of California tells his patients that a different item 10 (attach) at your wrist, like a leash, is more likely to pull you toward more activity. 【答案】 1．But 2．surrounds 3．looking 4．a 5．to 6．threw 7．aches 8．than 9．effective 10．attached 【导语】本文围绕近年来可穿戴智能设备的流行趋势展开讨论，反思了过度依赖智能设备记录运动数据的现象，指出可穿戴设备对运动效果的提升作用本质上取决于使用者而非设备本身。 【详解】1．考查连词。句意：但是，我们频繁依赖于技术，记录我们的每一步，这是一件好事吗？空前“We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices.”和空后“is it a good thing that we’re relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take”之间为转折关系，用连词but连接。出现在句首，首字母大写。 2．考查时态。句意：真正的问题不在于可穿戴设备本身，而在于佩戴者。本句描述客观观点，用一般现在时；主语The real question为第三人称单数，谓语动词需要用单数surrounds。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于希望借助数据提升比赛水平的运动员来说，挑战在于找到最有帮助的信息类型。本句谓语为is finding，此处look需要用非谓语形式修饰athletes，athletes与look之间为主动关系，因此用现在分词looking作后置定语。 4．考查冠词。句意：如果你希望跑得更快，想要尝试根据心率区间调整配速，那么一块可穿戴设备就可以帮你实现。此处wearable为可数名词，泛指一个可穿戴设备，且发音以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。 5．考查介词。句意：然而，对于专业运动员和刚开始健身的新手来说，少即是多。be new to...为固定搭配，表示“对……不熟悉，刚接触……”。 6．考查时态。句意：本月早些时候，参加美国奥运马拉松选拔赛的职业马拉松选手萨拉·霍尔在比赛途中扔掉了她的GPS手表，避免分心。时间状语Earlier this month表示动作发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，throw的过去式为threw。 7．考查名词复数。句意：同样，对于新手跑步者来说，学会倾听身体的信号——疲惫、疼痛、能量爆发——比追踪配速或心率更重要。此处ache表示泛指，且空前没有表示单数的限定词，需要用复数形式aches。 8．考查连词。句意同上。句中含有比较级结构more important，此处比较的是“学会倾听身体的信号”和“追踪配速或心率”，因此需要用连词than引出比较对象。 9．考查形容词。句意：根据这些目标，可能会有成本更低、更有趣、更便捷的方式来实现目标。cost effective为固定表达，意为“划算的，有成本效益的”，此处需要用effect的形容词形式effective。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：加州大学的医生伊森·韦斯告诉病人，在手腕上系一条不同的东西，比如皮带，更有可能把你拉向更多的活动。此处attach修饰item，二者之间为被动关系，因此用过去分词attached作后置定语。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Be Sporty,Be Healthy （现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态） 目录 一、知识回顾 1 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、单句语法填空 4 三、完成句子 4 三、综合提升 5 一、阅读理解 5 二、七选五 8 三、语法填空 9 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态 时态 定义 句型结构 用法 现在进行时的被动语态 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。 肯定句：主语+am/is/are + being + v-ed+其他. a. 主语是动作的承受者且动作正在发生或持续。 b. 一种习惯的被动行为，常与always, constantly等频度副词连用，常有赞赏或讨厌等感情色彩。 c. 与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生动作的推测。 否定句：主语+am/is/are + not + being + v-ed+其他. 一般疑问：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + v-ed +其他？ 特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + am/is/are + being+ v-ed + 其他？ 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 +being + v-ed + 其他？ 现在完成时的被动语态 表示动作已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。主语为动作的承受者，与谓语动词之间是被动关系，可用by引出动作的发出者。 肯定句：主语+have/has + been + v-ed+其他. a. 动作或状态始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去。 b. 用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作。 c. 其他注意事项。 否定句：主语+have/has + not + been + v-ed+其他. 一般疑问句: Have/Has+主语+ been + v-ed+其他？ 特殊疑问句: 提问主语：疑问词 + have/has + been + v-ed+其他？ 提问其他：疑问词 + 一般疑问句？ 一、单项选择 1．Hi, it’s Tim. Greetings from Paris! This broadcast ________ to you from one of the largest museums on Earth. A．is being brought B．is bringing C．was being brought D．was bringing 2．If we live ________ nature, we will surely get great rewards from our beautiful earth. A．in pursuit of B．in harmony with C．in response to D．in favor of 3．The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. A．is being restored B．is restored C．is restoring D．restores 4．My mother has to go shopping on foot because her bike ________ now. A．will be repaired B．is repaired C．is being repaired D．has been repaired 5．Currently, about 35,000 works, along with a famous Renaissance painting, ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A．was displaying B．are displaying C．is being displayed D．are being displayed 6．The majority of the important tasks ________ by our team so far. A．are finished B．are being finished C．will be finished D．have been finished 7．Tom is busy now, because so many invitations ________ by him. A．are written B．are being written C．will be written D．have been written 8．With recent changes of the curriculum ________ by the Ministry of Education, the number of poems ________ is being increased from fourteen to seventy-two for students. A．to be announced; memorized B．to be announced; to memorize C．announced; to be memorized D．announced; being memorized 9．More expressways ________ in Binhai New Area now to promote the local economy. A．are being built B．will be built C．were built D．had been built 10．Don’t enter the meeting room. An important plan ______ there at present. A．is discussing B．has discussed C．is being discussed D．has been discussed 二、单句语法填空 1．The bridge (repair) now, so you can’t cross it. 2．The children’s book (illustrate) right now and will be published soon. 3．Paper books are being (ignore), in favor of screens. 4．The problem which (discuss) in the meeting room now is very important to the development of the company. 5．It is announced that a lot of houses (build) at present in the disaster area. 6．Now, the glass bottles (recycle) by some workers. 7．Some species will die out soon because they (kill) by human beings now. 8．Currently, about 35,0000 works (display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre. 9．The house (decorate) now for the New Year’s celebration. 10．The funding for crucial wildlife conservation projects (cut) due to budget constraints. 三、完成句子 1．那座桥正在被重建，我受不了这噪音。 , but I can’t stand the noise. 2．等一下。晚餐的菜正在厨房里做着呢。 Wait a minute. The dishes for the dinner in the kitchen. 3．许多有趣的实验正在进行。 A lot of . 4．这些天正在进行着许多有趣的讨论。 Many interesting discussions these days. 5．我校正在举行运动会。 in our school. 6．市内已为濒危动物新建了一个自然保护区。 A new nature reserve for endangered animals in the city. (set，现在完成时态的被动语态) 7．越来越多的栖息地正在遭到破坏，竹子被砍伐。 More and more habitats and the bamboo . 8．这件事已经仔细调查过了。 This matter . 9．那只受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。 The injured bird since it was saved. 10．已证实这是最有效的治疗方法。 it is is the most effective treatment. 一、阅读理解 A WALK FOR GREEN How often do you walk around the campus instead of getting straight onto the shuttle bus? The beauties of our campus deserve to be better explored and can best be explored on foot. Walking is also greener and healthier compared with buses. To encourage more students and staff members to walk around the campus, our school has launched a new “Walk for Green” programme. Programme Setting out from the MTR Station, “Walk for Green” recommends various walking routes on campus, one of which covers the YIA Building, LSK Building and LWS Building. Card readers for different walking routes have been installed (安装) to record the number of points completed by “Walk for Green” participants. Participants who collect 60 points within 30 days will be awarded the title “Green Walker”. Participation To participate, students and staff members are supposed to select a pre-set route, and tap their school cards at the card readers installed at both the start and end points. Name, student/staff ID, department/unit, date, time and card readers tapped will be recorded. Walking Journey Points Important Notes: 1. Walkers must complete one trip (either upwards or downwards) within one hour to score points. 2. Up to six points will be awarded each day. Every time you take a walk on campus, you are helping to protect our environment and also keeping yourself healthy. Let’s start from today! 1．Where does “Walk for Green” start? A．YIA Building. B．MTR Station. C．LWS Building. D．LSK Building. 2．What are participants required to do? A．Collect at least 6 points. B．Keep a fixed speed. C．Choose a marked route. D．Complete a round trip. 3．How many points do you get by walking from YIA Building to LWS Building? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．6. B Many people believe that running is a good way to keep fit. They like to run in hot weather and enjoy the feeling of being wet through with sweat. Instead, cold weather during winter, with low temperatures and freezing winds, may stop them from running in the open air. However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, running in cold weather helps improve one’s performance. John Brewer, a professor of applied sports science at St. Mary’s University in London, carried out an experiment with other researchers. During the experiment, a group of people were put into a room where summer or winter weather conditions could be created. The test subjects were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions and their biological data was collected and studied. The result indicates that running in hot temperatures results in 6 percent higher heart rates. According to Brewer, every movement that a runner makes produces heat, which can be really damaging unless the body can lose it. One way to lose heat is by sweating. The other is by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin. The process puts more stress on the heart in hot conditions. When running in winter, the body does not have to work hard to move blood to the skin surface. Therefore, it requires less energy. So don’t let cold weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running. 1．What may stop people from running outdoors in winter? A．More stress on the heart. B．The desire for keeping fit. C．The feeling of being wet through. D．Low temperatures and freezing winds. 2．According to the passage, running in cold weather ________. A．requires more energy B．makes the heartbeat faster C．helps improve one’s performance D．enables the body to produce no heat 3．According to Brewer, what’s the other way to lose heat besides sweating? A．By keeping ourselves indoors. B．By carrying out an experiment. C．By creating summer weather conditions. D．By transporting the blood to the skin surface. 4．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To collect the data for a new study on running. B．To encourage people to run outdoors in winter. C．To focus on the danger of running in hot weather. D．To show us how to keep fit while running in summer. 二、七选五 During low-intensity and moderate-intensity exercise (such as walking and cycling), we tend to breathe in through our noses and out through our mouths. Most of us would assume breathing through the mouth is the best technique to use during intense exercise (such as running), as it allows more oxygen to reach our muscles. 1 Studies have shown that when exercising at different intensities, less oxygen is used when breathing through the nose compared to breathing through the mouth. 2 Think of oxygen like fuel for cars. The more miles per gallon of fuel a car covers, the better its “fuel economy” is. Likewise, the less oxygen used per footstep, the less energy a person uses. This means you can run further without becoming tired quickly. Researchers also suggest that breathing through your nose increases the production of nitric oxide (一氧化氮), which benefits the body in several ways. It enhances oxygen delivery to the lungs and muscles by lowering blood pressure and facilitating better blood flow. 3 While these all sound incredibly encouraging, there is some negativity to be aware of. 4 If you introduce it without training first, it could lead to “air hunger” — a process whereby a small amount of carbon dioxide is retained (保留) at the end of each breath. This can cause discomfort and overbreathing. As with anything, practice makes perfect. 5 Try and relax into the process. Ensure your tongue is at the top of your mouth, as this relaxes the jaw and face muscles making it easier to draw a deep breath through your nose. You can also alternate between breathing through your nose and your mouth until you get more used to breathing only through your nose. A．But evidence shows the contrary. B．This may not be suitable for other types of exercise. C．It may also provide protection against airborne viruses. D．When learning to breathe through the nose, don’t force air in. E．Be sure to breathe through your nose while running next time. F．Breathing only through the nose during exercise is a learned process. G．This could be a real advantage in line with the economy of movement. 三、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或所给单词的正确形式。 The market for wearable technology in the past few years has been on a rapid rise. We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices. 1 is it a good thing that we’re relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take? Can those tools really maximize your workout benefits? The real question 2 (surround) not the wearable, but the wearer. The challenge for athletes 3 (look) to up their game with data is finding the type of information that is most helpful. If you are hoping to run faster and want to try moderating your pace based on heart rate “zones,” 4 wearable can help you do so. However, for professionals and those who are new 5 working out, less is more. Earlier this month, Sara Hall, a professional marathon runner competing in the U. S. Olympic marathon trials, actually 6 (throw) away her GPS watch midrace to avoid distraction. Similarly, for beginner runners, it’s more important to learn to listen to your body’s signals — tiredness, 7 (ache), bursts of energy — 8 to track your pace or heart rate. Depending on what those goals are, there might be ways to achieve them that are more cost 9 (effect), more fun, more convenient. Dr. Ethan Weiss, a physician at the University of California tells his patients that a different item 10 (attach) at your wrist, like a leash, is more likely to pull you toward more activity. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Be Sporty,Be Healthy （现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态） 一、单项选择 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 二、单句语法填空 1．is being repaired 2．is being illustrated 3．ignored 4．is being discussed 5．are being built 6．are being recycled 7．are being killed 8．are being displayed 9．is being decorated 10．is being cut 三、完成句子 1．That bridge is being rebuilt 2．are being cooked 3．interesting experiments are being carried out 4．are being carried out 5．The sports meeting is being held 6．has been set up 7．are being destroyed has been cut down 8．has been carefully looked into 9．has been looked after 10．It has been confirmed that 一、阅读理解 A 1．B 2．C 3．C B 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 二、七选五 1．A 2．G 3．C 4．F 5．D 三、语法填空 1．But 2．surrounds 3．looking 4．a 5．to 6．threw 7．aches 8．than 9．effective 10．attached 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $