内容正文:
【版本:人教 册别:选择性必修一】
Unit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Reading and Thinking:
Describe people of achievement
Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.
一个至关重要的部分
lives是life的复数,表“生命”
青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分,据认为仅在非洲一年就能挽救10万人的生命。
主语+be thought+不定式
核心考点
(1)vital adj. 必不可少的;极其重要的;充满 生机的;维持生命所必需的(同义词:crucial,critical, essential)
be vital for/to... 对……很重要
play a vital part/role in 在……方 面起着极其重要的作用
be of vital importance 至关重要
It is vital that...……极其重要。(that 从句的 谓语用“should+do ”, should 可以省
略,这是一种虚拟语气)
核心考点
(2)Sb./Sth.+be+过去分词+to do句型,表示“据……某人/某物做……”,可与“It's+过去分词+that...”互换。常用于此句型的动词的过去分词有said,thought,believed,hoped,reported,known,proved,considered等。
在“Sb./Sth.+be+过去分词+to do”句型中,不定式有几种不同的形式:
Sb./Sth.+be+过去分词+
to do(常表示主动,动作将要发生)
to be doing(表示主动,动作正在进行)
to have done(表示主动,动作已完成)
Sb./Sth.+be+reported / thought / believed / ... to do ...
= It is reported / thought / believed / known / ... that ...
①据说,史密斯先生下个月将出国。
Mr.Smith is said ________________ next month.
②据说,史密斯先生已经出国三次了。
Mr.Smith is said _______________________ three times.
to go abroad
to have been abroad
to go abroad
to have been abroad
③据说,史密斯先生现在正在国外学习。
Mr .Smith is said _______________ abroad now.
to be studying
(3)Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.
同位语,补充说明屠呦呦的情况
毕业于
屠呦呦是一位坚定而耐心的科学家,1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波,1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。
(3)commit vt.承诺;保证;花(钱或时间);犯(罪或错等) vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)(committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的 commitment n.投入;奉献;承诺)
commit sth to sth 将时间或金钱花在某事上
commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth)承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
be committed to (doing) sth/commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事
make a commitment 作出承诺
核心考点
After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.
组建一个队伍
为了....
疗法
疟疾
毕业后,她在北京的中国中医研究院工作。1967年,中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍,屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。
(4)objective n.目标;目的 adj.客观的(objectively adv.客观地,object n.物体;目标;对象 v. 反对;不赞成,objection n.反对;异议)
set an objective 设定目标 accomplish/ attain/achieve an objective 实现目标
object to sb./sth. 反对/不赞成某人/某事
object to(sb.) doing … 反对(某人)做 ……
have/make an objection to ( doing).…. 对 (做)……表示反对
核心考点
(5)However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked.
认输
分析
偶然地
推断
非谓语--表主动
V后--that从句是宾从-that不作成分
显然
毁坏
提取
物质
n后--定从--缺主语-指物--用that
然而,屠呦呦并不承认失败。她再次分析了一遍医药文献,偶然间,她发现了一句话,建议用另一种方法来处理青蒿。她得出结论,煮青蒿显然破坏了它的药用价值。她用较低的温度提取提取物,发现了一种有效的物质。
(5)acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢 (acknowledgement n.承认;感谢;收
件复函)
acknowledge sb/sth as/to be...认为某人/某物是……;承认某人/某物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事
acknowledge that...承认……
It is universally/widely acknowledged that...……是大家公认的。
核心考点
(6)Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine,which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
insist on doing 坚持做某事
V后--that从句是宾从-that不做成分
most of+关系代词引导的非限定从,指人--用whom
,后--非限定从-缺主语-指事物--用which
一个标准的疗法
屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物,以确保它是安全的。后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试,大部分受试患者都康复了。这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。
(6)insist vt.& vi.坚持;坚决要求
insist on/upon (doing) sth 坚决要求/坚持(做)某事
insist 作“坚决要求”讲时,后接宾语从句,从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,形式为“should+动词原
形”,should 可省略;作“坚持认为”讲时,从句用陈述语气,根据需要选择相应的时态。
核心考点
(7)Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine.
upon doing一...就...
v后--是宾从--从句不缺主宾--用that连接
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。
(7)upon doing... Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The
honour is not just mine...”当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于
我……”
·upon/on doing (that)...“一……就……”,表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生。
核心考点
(7)upon/on doing (that)...“一……就……”,表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生。
“ 一 …… 就 ……” 的 其 他 表 达 方 式 : as soon as , the moment/minute/instant ,immediately/directly/instantly,no sooner...than...,hardly...when...等。
核心考点
(8)it 作 形 式 主 语 It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界 传播确实是一个荣誉。
it 作形式主语的常用句式:
It be+an honour+for sb to do sth/It be one’s honour+to do sth
It be+过去分词(said,thought,believed,supposed,reported...)+that 从句
核心考点
(8)
It be+形容词(strange,important,vital,obvious,possible...)+that 从句
It be+名词短语(a pity,a shame,a fact,a good idea,no wonder...)+that 从句
It+不及物动词(occur,happen,seem...)+that 从句
核心考点
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