Unit 4 Sharing 一轮复习专项训练 -2027届高三英语人教版选择性必修第四册

**基本信息** 该专项以“词汇-语法-阅读-写作”递进逻辑为核心，融合高考真题与方法指导，系统培养语言能力与应试思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇语法|10词形变化+5句式翻译等|词块替换、短语类型判断|从基础词形到语法结构，构建语言知识网络| |阅读技能|2真题阅读+1完形|调整阅读速度、语篇结构分析|从信息定位到逻辑梳理，提升文本解读能力| |写作技能|1征文写作|结构四步法（导言-主体-结尾）|从单句到语篇，发展表达与思维品质|

Book 7 Unit 4 课时一 词汇、语法考点化训练 一、根据提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1. The traffic was __________ for hours due to a charity marathon, but volunteers still managed to deliver homemade __________ to elderly homes without delay. (jam) 2. The manager’s __________ approach to discipline caused some employees to complain about his __________, but it did help maintain order in the company. (rigid) 3. In the __________ garden, the medical consultant team set up a stand in the tree __________ for free consultations, proving even simple acts can stabilize communities. (shade) 4. The volunteers waited patiently for the strawberries to __________. When the time was __________ for harvest, they picked the fruit and made it into jam, which would later be sold to raise funds for disabled children. (ripe) 5. The school is specially designed for __________ children, providing them with the support they need to overcome their __________ and lead fulfilling lives. (disable) 6. After years of hard work, the principal decided to __________, leaving behind a school that had grown and stabilized under his leadership. Before his official __________, the teachers and students threw a party to honor his contributions to the school. (resign) 7. The volunteers __________ received praise for their hard work, as they had shown great care for the __________ children who truly __________ a chance to succeed. (deserve) 8. The __________ signed a __________ to build a community center, and despite initial challenges, the project was completed without delay, bringing stable support to the local families. (contract) 9. We decided to __________ an expert __________ on disability issues to help us design more effective programs for the children in the village. (consult) 10. The new government’s policies aim to promote economic __________, ensuring that underprivileged communities, including those with disabled members, can live more __________ and securely. (stable) 二、选择适当的词块，并用其正确形式替换下文中加粗的表达。 Volunteering at a Remote School​​relay to a chorus of put ... in the shade pray that not to mention take ... for granted When our volunteer team first arrived at the remote village school, we were greeted by 1. a round of cheerful greetings from the children. Their sincere appreciation could 2. make our urban charity events seem insignificant — their joy made our well-organized efforts seem artificial by comparison. The conditions were challenging: no stable electricity, 3. let alone an unreliable water supply. Yet these remarkable children never 4. regarded our help as a given; they treasured even the simplest assistance we provided. Before departure, we 5. passed on all the encouraging messages from supporters back home to the principal. Now I still 6. sincerely hope that these resilient students will continue to receive the quality education they deserve. 三、判断括号中短语的类型，并将其放入空白处，将句子补充完整。 （NP=名词短语，VP=动词短语，AdvP=副词短语，AdjP=形容词短语，PrepP=介词短语） 1. Volunteering at the local food bank, teenagers gain ____________________ while serving warm meals to families ____________________ — an experience that’s ___________________. (in need; extremely rewarding; a sense of responsibility) 2. Through weekly visits to senior centers, volunteers bring joy ____________________, and their patience shines ____________________. (by sharing amusing stories; especially when listening to elderly residents’ life memories) 3. ___________________, students ___________________ for environmental protection projects, proving that youth can be ____________________ in driving social change. (raise funds; incredibly impactful; by organizing charity events) 4. ____________________ ____________________ from underprivileged schools, and together they explore stories ____________________, helping kids build confidence in reading. (the “Book Buddies” program; through interactive discussions; pairs volunteers with struggling readers) 5. ____________________, volunteers create ____________________ at community clean-ups, inspiring neighbors to take action ____________________. (a welcoming atmosphere; for a greener neighborhood; always ready to lend a hand) 四、用括号中的句式把下列句子翻译成英文。 1. 志愿者每天要花将近两个小时徒步穿越山林，才能到达那个偏远的村庄小学。(it takes sb some time to do sth做某事花费某人…时间) 2. 上周末，我正在辅导孩子们做作业，突然停电了，房间里一片漆黑。(be doing... when...) 3. 说实在的，我怀疑我们这小小的捐赠是否能对社区的发展产生显著的影响。(doubt whether ...) 4. 现在，不仅当地的学生从新图书馆中受益，附近村庄的人们也在使用它。(not only ..., but ... as well) 5. 既然我看到社区多么需要支持，我决定加入志愿者项目，去帮忙做事。(now that ...) _ 五、阅读下面的语篇，在空白处填写正确的单词或用所给词的正确形式填空。 A Volunteer’s Journey​​ Ladies and gentlemen, It is my privilege to address you today as a medical volunteer who has completed a mobile clinic 1. __________ (巡回) in a remote village. This experience has deepened my understanding of true community strength. The village consisted of simple 2. __________ (住宅) with 3. __________ (黏土) walls, their 4. __________ (门道) framed by 5. __________ (weed). Most families didn’t even have a 6. __________ (洗手间), 7. not to m__________ stable electricity. Yet, every morning, the villagers gathered in the open space, their voices rising in 8. a c__________ of traditional 9. __________ (tune) that filled the air with warmth. What struck me most was their dignified approach to life’s challenges. A 10. d__________ boy in the community, despite his physical limitations, worked hard alongside adults, 11. d__________ heavy 12. __________ (parcel) and organizing supplies with care. His mother, a former schoolteacher, ran a makeshift learning space under the 13. __________ (荫) of a large tree. “We never14. take our community’s support for g__________,” she explained, pointing to a jar of rice and some 15. __________ (成熟的) bananas carefully stored in clay pots. “Every meal represents shared effort.” Before I 16. __________ (辞职) from this particular assignment, I17. r__________ these stories to the outside world. With heartfelt respect for these villagers, I’d like to stress that lasting 18. __________ (stable) isn’t achieved through short-term 19. __________ (contract) for development, but by empowering communities to build on what they already do well. The villagers 20. __________ (应得) not our pity, but our recognition and partnership. Thank you. 课时二 阅读技能训练 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 【2024年全国甲卷C篇】 The Saint Lukas train doesn’t accept passengers — it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions (处方). “People started lining up to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. Russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits. Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.” 1. How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains? A. It runs across countries. B. It reserves seats for the seniors. C. It functions as a hospital. D. It travels along a river. 2. What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk? A. It is heavily populated. B. It offers training for doctors. C. It is a modern city. D. It needs medical aid. 3. How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply? A. About a year. B. About ten months. C. About two months. D. About two weeks. 4. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? A. Appreciative. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Concerned. 5. 为了练习“调整阅读速度”技能，请结合以上四个问题，勾出需要放慢速度仔细阅读的句子（与回答问题相关的重要信息），并用下划线标注出这些句子中的重点词语。（P: paragraph; S: sentence） P1: S1. S2. S3. P2: S1. P3: S1. S2. P4: S1. S2. S3. S4. P5: S1. S2. S3. S4. 训练后反思： How does adjusting reading speed help you read faster while grasping important information? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 二、语篇结构 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 【2021年浙江卷七选五】 You’ve got mail... and it’s a postcard Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum. Or Africa’s Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall. 6 “I often send postcards to family and friends,” he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it. 7 ” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo’s hunch (直觉) paid off. Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575, 217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. 8 Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job. Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn’t work if one doesn’t understand it. 9 So a common language is required and in postcrossing that’s English since it’s widely spoken. “Many people in China have limited exposure to English. 10 That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing,” Paulo says. A. And that’s totally fine. B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it. C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby. D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world. E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million. F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away. G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away. 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 【2024年1月九省联考完形填空】 I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was 11 , too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no 12 on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for 13 the car. I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 14 the heat when an older gentleman 15 to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I 16 my predicament (困境). To my 17 , the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and 18 a tool set. Right then and there, this total 19 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were 20 to function. After about an hour, he 21 that my car was safe to finish the trip. 22 came at the hands of a stranger. 23 his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man 24 a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his 25 . 11. A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure 12. A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide 13. A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining 14. A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce 15. A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered 16. A. solved B. noticed C. escaped D. explained 17. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment 18. A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away 19. A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser 20. A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable 21. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted 22. A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness 23. A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling D. Mending 24. A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned 25. A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer 课时三 写作技能训练 单元话题写作：征文稿件 （一）写作指导 志愿服务征文稿件写作的核心结构是： 1. 标题。简洁明确，突出主题（如My Volunteer Story或An Unforgettable Experience）。 2. 导言段（简要介绍）。 活动内容（What）：志愿服务的类型（如支教、环保、敬老院服务等）。 时间地点（When & Where）：明确活动的时间和地点。 参与原因（Why）：简要说明参与的动机或背景（可选）。 3. 主体段（详细经历） 具体任务：描述你负责的工作或活动（如taught English songs或organized books）。 互动细节：通过具体事例或人物描写增强生动性（如a shy boy finally smiled）。 个人感受：记录过程中的情感变化（如At first I was nervous, but later I felt joyful）。 4. 结尾段（感悟升华） 收获与意义：总结志愿活动带来的成长或启发（如I learned the value of patience）。 未来展望：表达持续参与或影响他人的意愿（如I hope to do more for my community）。 附：语言建议 多用具体动词（如organized, taught, comforted）和情感形容词（如touched, inspired）。 适当使用复合句（如Although the work was tiring, it was meaningful）增强句式多样性。 （二）写作训练 学校英语报正举办主题为“My Volunteer Story”征文活动，请你以此为题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1. 简要描述；2. 体验和感受。 My Volunteer Story 第一步：写单句 1. 去年夏天，我参加了一个为期一天的志愿活动，去帮扶偏远山村里的留守儿童。(一般过去时，不定式作目的状语) Last summer, I 2. 活动在村小学开展，我的角色是成年志愿者的助手，协助组织活动环节并确保孩子们的安全。(一般过去时，并列句，现在分词作伴随状语) The activities , and my role was 3. 一整天里，我通过多种教育游戏和讲故事环节与孩子们互动交流。(一般过去时，介词短语作方式状语) , I and storytelling sessions. 4. 最让我印象深刻的是孩子们的友善，以及与我们这些新来者建立联系的热情。(主语从句，不定式作定语) What 5. 尽管资源有限，他们在我们开展的每个活动中都表现出惊人的好奇心和热情。(Despite+n.，定语从句) Despite their 6. 一天结束时，虽然疲惫不堪，但我的内心充满了前所未有的成就感和喜悦。(倒装句，定语从句) 第二步：组语篇 My Volunteer Story 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 单元过关 （一）阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 【23届福建质检D篇】 You’ve heard an old Chinese saying before: Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. You may even be nodding your head in agreement right now. However, we can have a different understanding about it. When a person is starving, that’s not the time to fill their head with knowledge but to first give the person a fish—eradicating their hunger—and only after that teach them to fish. Far too often, people ignore this common sense first step. They see someone who is struggling, and they rush to offer wisdom. “Let me tell you what I’d do in your position,” a well-meaning individual might offer. But few of us understand the anxiety, confusion and uncertainty that come with overwhelming (压倒性的) need. People meeting with personal disasters don’t have the ability to think straight. Their nerves may be shot. Their confidence may be non-existent. Can you imagine what it would be like to be in that person’s situation? Rushing to offer a struggling person long-term advice is a waste of time. Instead, it makes far more sense to help them regain their emotional balance. Once their ears, heart and mind open, you’ll have an opportunity to teach a new skill. But how do we know whether a person needs a fish before a fishing lesson? Two things: One is the ability to pay attention. We need to know whether the other person is open and receptive, or looking at the world through narrowed eyes? You can’t just take their words but have to look at how the person acts and what they don’t say. The other is empathy (共情). The more successful you are, the harder it is to imagine what it must be like to be the opposite. Try to create a safe environment for emotional acceptance before the fishing lesson. 1. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To illustrate a concept. B. To put up an example. C. To introduce the background. D. To bring in a new viewpoint. 2. What does the underlined word “eradicating” mean in paragraph 2? A. Clearing of. B. Taking down. C. Making up for. D. Putting up with. 3. What should we do first for those in disasters? A. Get them to think straight. B. Enhance their confidence. C. Satisfy their primary needs. D. Teach them a new skill. 4. Which does the author probably agree with according to the last paragraph? A. Live and learn. B. Put yourself in others’ shoes. C. Never teach a fish to swim. D. Don’ t teach old dogs new tricks. B【25届石家庄三检D篇】 Have you ever had something good happen to you and felt like shouting it from the rooftops? Sharing positive events with others and receiving an enthusiastic response in return has been tied to many good outcomes, including closer relationships and greater happiness. Now, a new study suggests another benefit of sharing the good stuff: more feelings of gratitude. The researchers started by asking 300 participants how often they tended to share good news, and how other people in their lives generally responded to their good news. Then, six times a day for ten days, the researchers asked participants to report on how grateful they were in the moment, how recently they’d had a social encounter, whether they’d shared good news with that person, and how close they felt to the person as a result. Afterward, the researchers analyzed the results to look for patterns. They found those who shared positive events with others felt more grateful in the moment and closer to the person with whom they shared the news. In addition, people with a tendency to share good news and receive enthusiastic responses were the most grateful in the group, overall. Sharing good news calls attention to the good things happening in your life, says Alexandra Gray, study coauthor of Northeastern University. For example, you might tell a friend what a great time you had over the holidays, and in recounting what happened, you can re-experience the positive feelings and become even more appreciative. Getting an enthusiastic response to your good news is also important, says Gray, because it makes you feel recognized, and cared for in a way that strengthens your relationship, and also leads to gratitude. Though there’s still more research to be done, Gray suggests people not hold back on sharing their good news with others, or on showing enthusiasm when others share good news with them. We all have a role to play in helping positivity spread. 5. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By analyzing participants’ daily reports. B. By observing participants’ social encounters. C. By studying participants’ attitudes to sharing. D. By tracking participants’ interactive behavior. 6. What does the underlined word “recounting” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Repeating. B. Analyzing. C. Recalling. D. Inquiring. 7. What can we infer about positive responses to shared good news? A. They boost the sharer’s self-awareness. B. They serve to confirm the listener’s opinions. C. They are more influential if given by friends. D. They make people more connected with others. 8. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To discuss the key to strong friendships. B. To encourage people to share good news. C. To compare ways people react to good news. D. To analyze how gratitude improves happiness. （二）语篇结构 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 【25届泉州三模语篇结构】 I was eleven years old when I spotted my neighbour, Julie, working in her garden. She asked me if I would help her cut back the hedge (树篱) overgrown over the pathway. I agreed and my brother Josh also came along to help us. We wheeled Julie’s garden cart down to the hedge. 9 We posted photos of our handiwork on “Our Malmesbury”, our local Facebook Group. The community reaction was amazing. A wheelchair user was so grateful that he didn’t have to go onto the road anymore to pass the hedge. 10 Many people raised their hands to volunteer and do more to keep our town tidy. 11 Before, it looked a bit run down, but now, the place looks cleaner and tidier. Residents comment how amazing the roses look when they flower and make the place brighter. To keep the projects going, I managed to sort funding through local businesses and associations. I used a website online that lists available grants (补助). 12 So Julie applied on our behalf. The funding has helped us obtain trees, plants and gardening equipment. When we first started, everything was done out of my parent’s garage (车库). I started with nothing, just borrowing equipment we already had. But as time went on, donations came in from the local community. 13 We had to move them all to Julie’s. Our Facebook Page currently sits at 669 members. I’m so pleased that six years later, the campaign is still in full swing. Our mission won’t stop. A. The whole town was inspired to follow our lead. B. When I first tried to apply, I wasn’t of legal age. C. All three of us tackled away at it until we reduced it. D. With many willing hands, our town has transformed. E. I even won a grant to fund the planting of Queen apple trees. F. This was the beginning of many community projects completed by volunteers. G. Our garage got filled up quickly with brushes, gardening tools and leaf blowers. （三）语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 【2024年河南阶段练习】 An Australian Nanjinger, Townley, loves the rivers in Nanjing. He rides a bike along the bank of a river to the Nanjing Fishmouth Wetland Park in Jianye District every Saturday and Sunday mornings, about a 15-km round trip. He enjoys 14 (hang) around the city in his spare time. In addition, he feels it a pleasure to visit a variety of 15 (museum) in the city. According to Townley, Nanjing is in an ideal location in one corner of the Yangtze River Delta region, close to Shanghai. Now, Townley works with and 16 (support) by the Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute and serves 17 a visiting professor at the School of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nanjing Tech University. After being a 18 (consult) and in the industry years, he loves being connected to a university again 19 (share) his knowledge and experience with younger people. He also loves to carry out research 20 (base) on the problems he has encountered in the real world. “I know my education and life are different from the 21 (type) Chinese student. Despite the differences, 22 I want to do with my Chinese students is to encourage them to think, to be curious, 23 to always search for new things.” （四）读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 【2021年八省联考】 During this past year, I’ve had three instances of car trouble. Each time these things happened, I was sick of the way most people hadn’t bothered to help. One of those times, I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep. I put signs in the windows, big signs that said NEED A JACK(千斤顶), and offered money. Nothing. Right as I was about to give up, a Mexican family in a small truck pulled over, and the father bounded out. He sized up the situation and called for his daughter, who spoke English. He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it. Then he got a saw(锯子) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road. We rolled it over and put his jack on top, and we were in business. I started taking the wheel off, and then, if you can believe it, I broke his tire iron. No worries: He handed it to his wife, and she was gone in a flash down the road to buy a new tire iron. She was back in 15 minutes. We finished the job, and I was a very happy man. The two of us were dirty and sweaty. His wife prepared a pot of water for us to wash our hands. I tried to put a $20 bill in the man’s hand, but he wouldn’t take it, so instead I went up to the truck and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could. I asked the little girl where they lived. Mexico, she said. They were in Oregon so Mommy and Daddy could work on a fruit farm for the next few weeks. Then they would go home. When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________  After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Book 7 Unit 4 课时一 词汇、语法考点化训练 一、单元重点词汇练习：根据提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1. jammed, jam 2. rigid, rigidity 3. shady, shade 4. ripen, ripe 5. disabled, disabilities 6. resign, resignation 7. deservedly, deserving, deserved 8. contractor, contract 9. consult, consultant 10. stability, stably 二、选择适当的词块，并用其正确形式替换下文中加粗的表达。 1. a chorus of 2. put ... in the shade 3. not to mention 4. take ... for granted 5. relay to 6. pray that 三、判断括号中短语的类型，并将其放入空白处，将句子补充完整。 1. a sense of responsibility (NP); in need (PrepP); extremely rewarding (AdjP)​​ 2. by sharing amusing stories (PrepP); especially when listening to elderly residents’ life memories (AdvP) 3. By organizing charity events (PrepP); raise funds (VP); incredibly impactful (AdjP) in driving social change. 4. The “Book Buddies” program (NP); pairs volunteers with struggling readers (VP); through interactive discussions (PrepP) 5. Always ready to lend a hand (AdjP); a welcoming atmosphere (NP); for a greener neighborhood (PrepP). 四、用括号中的句式把下列句子翻译成英文。 1. It takes the volunteers nearly two hours to walk through the mountains and forests to reach the remote village school. 2. Last weekend, I was helping the children with their homework when suddenly the power went out, leaving the room in darkness. 3. To be honest, I doubt whether our small donation can make a significant impact on the community’s development. 4. Now, not only are the local students benefiting from the new library, but people from nearby villages are using it as well. 5. Now that I see how much the community needs support, I’ve decided to join the volunteer program and help out. 五、阅读下面的语篇，在空白处填写正确的单词或用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. circuit 2. housing 3. clay 4. doorways 5. weeds 6. washroom 7. mention 8. chorus 9. tunes 10. disabled 11. dragging 12. parcels 13. shade 14. granted 15. ripe 16. resign 17. relay 18. stability 19. contracts 20. deserve 课时二 阅读技能训练 一、阅读理解。 体裁：说明文 题材：医疗服务 主题：俄罗斯医疗列车的运行与服务 【文章大意】本文介绍了俄罗斯政府资助的医疗列车“圣卢卡斯号”为偏远地区居民提供医疗服务的情况。 1. C 【命题意图】考查细节理解。 【答案分析】根据第一段“The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers — it accepts only the sick”和第二段“provide rural populations with basic medical care”可知，这列火车的主要功能是提供医疗服务。C项“It functions as a hospital”（它发挥着医院的功能）准确概括了这一特点。 【干扰项分析】A项“runs across countries”（跨国运行）与文中“travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia”矛盾；B项“reserves seats for the seniors”（为老年人预留座位）和D项“travels along a river”（沿河行驶）均未提及。 2. D 【命题意图】考查推理判断。 【答案分析】根据第三段“particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River”和“to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk”可知，克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区需要医疗援助。D项“It needs medical aid”（需要医疗援助）符合文意。 【干扰项分析】A项“heavily populated”（人口密集）、B项“offers training for doctors”（提供医生培训）和C项“a modern city”（现代化城市）均与文中描述的“poorer, rural areas”不符。 3. D 【命题意图】考查细节理解。 【答案分析】根据第四段“the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock”可知，列车每两周就需要返回补充物资。D项“About two weeks”（约两周）正确。 【干扰项分析】A项“About a year”（约一年）是大多数站点等待的时间；B项“About ten months”（约十个月）是列车每年运行的时间；C项“About two months”（约两个月）文中未提及。 4. A 【命题意图】考查观点态度。 【答案分析】根据最后一段Ducke的评价“I was very impressed”和“They were the best chance”可知，他对列车服务持赞赏态度。A项“Appreciative”（赞赏的）准确反映了他的态度。 【干扰项分析】B项“Doubtful”（怀疑的）、C项“Unclear”（不清楚的）和D项“Concerned”（担忧的）均与文中积极评价不符。 【难句分析】The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.（Para. 3）分析：本句的主干为“The government has struggled to ...；particularly ... the Volga River为地点状语；including arranging ... and expanding ...为现在分词短语作补充说明。译文：政府一直难以想出解决这一问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东的较贫穷的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生的预约，以及扩大财政援助项目以激励医生到像克拉斯诺亚尔斯克这样的国家偏远地区行医。 5. P1: S1. S2.√ S3.√ (medical trains; doctors and nurses; medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions) P2: S1. P3: S1. S2.√ (struggled; like Krasnoyarsk) P4: S1. S2.√ S3. S4. (over two weeks; before returning) P5: S1. S2. S3.√ S4.√ (very impressed; the best chance) 二、语篇结构。 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述葡萄牙计算机工程师Paulo Magalhaes创建postcrossing网站的故事，核心线索为：个人爱好—创建初衷—网站发展—语言障碍—解决方案。 6. G 【考点】代词指代、概括关系 【详解】前文列举Paulo喜欢收到的明信片景点（罗马斗兽场、维多利亚瀑布、长城），G选项“In short, he loves postcards...”对此进行概括，其中“the excitement of getting a hand-written note”完美呼应前文“loves to open his mailbox”的愉悦感。后文直接引语也延续这一主题。 7. A 【考点】承接关系 【详解】前文Paulo提到寄出明信片多但收回少，意识到“not everyone is into it”，A选项“And that’s totally fine”自然承接这种释然态度。该句既承认现实差异，又为后文“寻求同好”的转折做铺垫，符合"提出问题-接受现实-寻求解决"的逻辑链条。 8. E 【考点】承接关系 【详解】此处需展现网站规模扩大的具体证据。E选项“On August 5, the number...topped 31 million”用精确数据（3100万张）呼应前文“575,217用户”的规模描述，且“exchanged by members”紧扣网站运营模式。C选项“family-friendly hobby”与上下文商业成功语境不符。 9. F 【考点】举例论证 【详解】前文“concept doesn’t work if one doesn’t understand”指出语言障碍问题，F选项用“Chinese...Swedish”的具象案例强化这一观点，其中“takes part of the fun away”生动说明理解障碍对体验的破坏，自然引出后文英语作为解决方案的必要性。 10. B 【考点】因果关系，代词指代 【详解】前文提到中国人英语接触有限，B选项中“extra hard to learn and practice it”则是其结果，“That”指代前文现状，“it”指代前文的“English”。同时，B选项内容也为后文“members, including Chinese”通过postcrossing提升英语水平的积极案例形成转折铺垫。D选项“across the world”与本段讨论的中国具体语境脱节。 三、完形填空。 11-15 CADBC 16-20 DABCD 21-25 ABCAB 【导语】本文讲述了作者在旅途中汽车抛锚时，一位陌生老人伸出援手的故事，展现了人与人之间的善意。 11. C。句意为“当我开车回肯塔基州老家，行驶到印第安纳州中部时，车子抛锚了，我的手机也没电了”。其他选项：A. busy（忙碌的）不适用于手机；B. loud（大声的）与语境不符；D. secure（安全的）与手机状态无关。 12. A。句意为“我设法把车开到加油站，但那是初秋的周日，加油站没有修理工值班”。其他选项：B. policeman（警察）与修车无关；C. manager（经理）不具体；D. guide（导游）与场景不符。 13. D。句意为“我当时正在上大学，没什么钱来维修车子”。其他选项：A. washing（洗车）与抛锚无关；B. parking（停车）不相关；C. purchasing（购买）与修车矛盾。 14. B。句意为“我在车旁坐了好几个小时，努力忍受着炎热”。其他选项：A. feel（感受）与目的矛盾；C. absorb（吸收）不准确；D. produce（产生）与语境不符。 15. C。句意为“这时一位老先生停车来加油”。其他选项：A. promised（承诺）与动作无关；B. refused（拒绝）与后文矛盾；D. volunteered（自愿）不准确。 16. D。句意为“他询问我的车况，我就解释了自己遇到的困境”。其他选项：A. solved（解决）与困境矛盾；B. noticed（注意到）不准确；C. escaped（逃避）与语境不符。 17. A。句意为“令我惊讶的是，这位先生说他的女儿和我差不多大”。其他选项：B. regret（遗憾）与善意行为矛盾；C. amusement（娱乐）不相关；D. disappointment（失望）与后文矛盾。 18. B。句意为“然后他打开后备箱，拿出一个工具箱”。其他选项：A. called up（召集）与物品无关；C. put down（放下）不准确；D. threw away（扔掉）与帮助行为矛盾。 19. C。句意为“就在那里，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的引擎”。其他选项：A. liar（骗子）与善意矛盾；B. beginner（新手）无依据；D. loser（失败者）不相关。 20. D。句意为“他一边修理一边解释说，我的火花塞太久没换，已经不能正常工作了”。其他选项：A. free（自由的）不适用；B. ready（准备好的）与故障矛盾；C. uncertain（不确定的）不准确。 21. A。句意为“大约一小时后，他宣布我的车可以安全完成剩下的旅程”。其他选项：B. agreed（同意）主语应为多人；C. discovered（发现）不正式；D. doubted（怀疑）与结果矛盾。 22. B。句意为“这份善意来自一个陌生人”。其他选项：A. Tiredness（疲惫）与主题无关；C. Loneliness（孤独）不相关；D. Carefulness（谨慎）不准确。 23. C。句意为“在九月炎热的下午，他弄脏了自己的衣服”。其他选项：A. Folding（折叠）与修车无关；B. Drying（烘干）不准确；D. Mending（修补）与衣服状态矛盾。 24. A。句意为“这位先生拯救了一个大学生于危难之中”。其他选项：B. called（呼叫）与实际行动不符；C. judged（评判）不相关；D. banned（禁止）与帮助行为矛盾。 25. B。句意为“他这么做仅仅因为我也可能是他的女儿（他女儿也可能遇到我这样的情况）”。其他选项：A. friend（朋友）与文中“daughter my age”矛盾；C. coworker（同事）不相关；D. customer（顾客）无依据。 课时三 写作技能训练 Last summer, I joined a one-day volunteer trip to support left-behind children in a remote mountain village. The activities were conducted in the village school, and my role was an assistant to the adult volunteers, helping to organize the sessions and ensuring the children’s safety. Throughout the day, I interacted with the children through various educational games and storytelling sessions. What impressed me most was the children’s friendliness and their enthusiasm to connect with us newcomers. Despite their limited resources, they showed incredible curiosity and passion in every activity we did. By the end of the day, tired as I was, I was filled with a deep sense of fulfillment and joy that I had never experienced before. 单元过关 （一）阅读理解 A 体裁：议论文 题材：社会心理 主题：对传统谚语的新解读 【文章大意】本文对中国传统谚语“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”提出了新的理解，强调在帮助他人时应先满足基本需求，再进行技能传授。 1. D 【命题意图】考查段落功能。 【答案分析】根据第一段“However, we can have a different understanding about it”可知，作者旨在引入对传统谚语的新解读。D项“To bring in a new viewpoint”（引入新观点）准确概括了段落功能。 【干扰项分析】A项“To illustrate a concept”（说明概念）未体现转折关系；B项“To put up an example”（举例说明）和C项“To introduce the background”（介绍背景）均不符合段落主旨。 2. A 【命题意图】考查词义理解。 【答案分析】根据第二段“first give the person a fish—eradicating their hunger”可知，该词与消除饥饿相关。A项“Clearing of”（清除）最符合语境。 【干扰项分析】B项“Taking down”（记下）、C项“Making up for”（补偿）和D项“Putting up with”（忍受）均与消除饥饿的语义不符。 3. C 【命题意图】考查细节理解。 【答案分析】根据第二段“that’s not the time to fill their head with knowledge but to first give the person a fish”和第四段“help them regain their emotional balance”可知，应优先满足基本需求。C项“Satisfy their primary needs”（满足基本需求）正确。 【干扰项分析】A项“Get them to think straight”（让其理性思考）与文中“don’t have the ability to think straight”矛盾；B项“Enhance their confidence”（增强信心）和D项“Teach them a new skill”（教授新技能）都是后续步骤。 4. B 【命题意图】考查观点判断。 【答案分析】根据最后一段“The other is empathy”和“Try to create a safe environment for emotional acceptance”可知，作者强调换位思考。B项“Put yourself in others’ shoes”（设身处地）准确反映了作者观点。 【干扰项分析】A项“Live and learn”（活到老学到老）偏离主题；C项“Never teach a fish to swim”（不要班门弄斧）和D项“Don’t teach old dogs new tricks”（不要教老狗新把戏）均与文章主旨无关。 【难句分析】When a person is starving, that’s not the time to fill their head with knowledge but to first give the person a fish—eradicating their hunger—and only after that teach them to fish. （Para. 2）分析：本句主干为that’s the time；but连接不定式短语(not) to fill ...和to give ... and teach ...，作time的后置定语。译文：当一个人饥饿时，那不是向他们灌输知识的时候，而是首先给他们一条鱼——消除他们的饥饿——只有在那之后才教他们钓鱼。 B 体裁：说明文 题材：心理学研究 主题：分享好消息与感恩情绪的关系 【文章大意】本文介绍了一项新研究，发现分享好消息不仅能增进人际关系，还能增强感恩情绪。 5. A 【命题意图】考查主旨判断。 【答案分析】根据第二段“six times a day for ten days, the researchers asked participants to report...”和第三段“Afterward, the researchers analyzed the results”可知，研究人员通过分析参与者的日常报告进行研究。A项“By analyzing participants’ daily reports”（通过分析参与者的日常报告）准确描述了研究方法。 【干扰项分析】B项“By observing participants’ social encounters”（通过观察参与者的社交互动）未提及观察法；C项“By studying participants’ attitudes to sharing”（通过研究参与者对分享的态度）和D项“By tracking participants’ interactive behavior”（追踪参与者的互动行为）均与研究设计不符。 6. C 【命题意图】考查词义理解。 【答案分析】根据第四段“recounting what happened, you can re-experience the positive feelings”可知，recounting与重新体验积极感受相关。C项“Recalling”（回忆）最符合语境。 【干扰项分析】A项“Repeating”（重复）侧重机械重复；B项“Analyzing”（分析）和D项“Inquiring”（询问）均与重新体验情感的语义不符。 7. D 【命题意图】考查推理判断。 【答案分析】根据第三段“felt...closer to the person”和第五段“strengthens your relationship”可知，积极回应能增进人际关系。D项“They make people more connected with others”（让人际关系更紧密）正确。 【干扰项分析】A项“They boost the sharer’s self-awareness”（提升分享者的自我认知）未提及；B项“They serve to confirm the listener’s opinions”（证实倾听者的观点）偏离主旨；C项“They are more influential if given by friends”（朋友的回应更有影响力）未比较回应者身份。 8. B 【命题意图】考查写作目的。 【答案分析】根据最后一段“Gray suggests people not hold back on sharing their good news”和“helping positivity spread”可知，作者旨在鼓励分享好消息。B项“To encourage people to share good news”（鼓励人们分享好消息）准确反映了写作目的。 【干扰项分析】A项“To discuss the key to strong friendships”（讨论牢固友谊的关键）偏离重点；C项“To compare ways people react to good news”（比较人们对好消息的反应方式）非主要内容；D项“To analyze how gratitude improves happiness”（分析感恩如何提升幸福感）是研究结果而非写作目的。 【难句分析】Then, six times a day for ten days, the researchers asked participants to report on how grateful they were in the moment, how recently they’d had a social encounter, whether they’d shared good news with that person, and how close they felt to the person as a result.（Para. 2）分析：本句的主干为the researchers asked participants to report on...；and连接how...， how...，whether...和how...四个从句，作为前面介词on的宾语。译文：然后，在十天内每天六次，研究人员要求参与者报告他们那一刻的感激之情、他们最近多久有一次社交接触、他们是否与那个人分享了好消息，以及因此他们感觉与那个人有多亲近。 （二）语篇结构 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者从帮助邻居修剪树篱开始，逐渐发展成社区志愿活动的成长故事，核心线索为：事件缘起—社区反响—环境改善—资金筹措—规模扩大—持续影响。 9. C 【考点】承接关系、代词指代 【详解】前文描述准备工作（推着园艺车到树篱处），C选项“All three of us tackled away...”中“tackled away”具体展开修剪动作，“until we reduced it”呈现工作成果。三人称“us”精准呼应前文的“我、Josh和Julie”三人组合。 10. A 【考点】承接关系、例证关系 【详解】前文提到脸书群组的积极反响和轮椅使用者的感谢，A选项“The whole town was inspired...”用“inspired”表明后续影响，与后文“许多人举手志愿参与”形成的例证关系。F选项“beginning”虽相关但未体现前文结果引发的连锁反应。 11. D 【考点】概括关系 【详解】后文“Before...but now...”的对比结构，要求前文需总体概括改变。D选项“town has transformed”作为总起句，“many willing hands”呼应前文志愿者增多，与后文具体环境改善（更干净、玫瑰开花）构成总分关系。 12. B 【考点】承接关系、因果关系 【详解】前文的“sort funding”“used a website online that lists available grants”都提到使用网站申请补助，B选项的“apply”和后文“applied”与之形成承接关系。而B选项“I wasn’t of legal age”解释后文“Julie applied on our behalf”的原因。E选项“won a grant”与后文“has helped us obtain”存在信息重复。 13. G 【考点】承接关系、因果关系 【详解】前文从父母车库起步与后文搬到Julie家需说明转移原因。G选项“garage got filled up”用物资激增解释空间不足，其中“brushes, gardening tools”具体化前文“donations”内容，与后文“move them all”形成因果链条。 （三）语法填空 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Townley在南京的生活和工作。 14. hanging 考查非谓语动词。句意：他业余时间喜欢在城里闲逛。根据空前的enjoys可知，此处应用动词的-ing形式作宾语。固定搭配enjoy doing sth意为“喜欢做某事”。故填hanging。 15. museums 考查名词复数。句意：此外，他很高兴参观城市里的各种博物馆。短语a variety of表示“各种各样的”，其后应接可数名词的复数形式。故填museums。 16. is supported 考查动词时态语态。句意：现在，汤利与江苏省工业技术研究院合作，并得到了该研究所的支持。空处和works为并列谓语，使用一般现在时，结合“by”可知，需用被动语态，主语为Townley，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is supported。 17. as 考查介词。句意：他担任南京工业大学环境科学与工程学院的客座教授。serve as为固定搭配，意为“担任”。故填as。 18. consultant 考查名词。句意：在这个行业做了多年的顾问之后，他喜欢再次与大学联系，与年轻人分享他的知识和经验，并根据他在现实世界中遇到的问题发起研究。根据空前的a可知，此处应用consult的名词consultant“顾问”。故填consultant。 19. to share 考查非谓语动词。句意同上题。此处充当目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to share。 20. based 考查非谓语动词。句意：他还喜欢根据自己在现实世界中遇到的问题进行研究。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词loves，base此处应作非谓语，base与其逻辑主语research之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。(be) based on表示“根据……”。故填based。 21. typical 考查形容词。句意：我知道我的教育和生活与典型的中国学生不同。此处修饰名词students，应用形容词typical，作定语。故填typical。 22. what 考查主语从句。句意：尽管存在差异，但我想对中国学生做的是鼓励他们思考，保持好奇心，不断探索新事物。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what。故填what。 23. and 考查连词。句意同上。to think，to be curious和to always search for new things为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 （四）读后续写 When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch. With these considerate words, my stomach made a strange sound, reminding me that it was indeed time for a meal. “A little,” I said awkwardly. Wearing a sweet smile, the little girl whispered something in Spanish to her mother. The kind Mexican lady nodded and turned away to prepare something in their car with her daughter. A moment later, the delighted girl returned, handed me a paper bag, and said gracefully, “Here you are, gentleman. Enjoy your lunch.” The Mexican family waved at me enthusiastically and continued to make their way. After they left, I got into my jeep and opened the paper bag. Inside was a hamburger, together with some cookies and an apple. Though the food was simple, it seemed like a feast to a starving person like me. Then I spotted a 20-dollar bill in the bag, on which there were three neatly written words: “Kindness is free.” Deeply affected, I stuck the bill on the corner of the windscreen, which served as a constant reminder of the favor I owed to this Mexican family. It was the random kindness of these passing strangers that restored my faith in humanity and strengthened my resolve to pay it forward. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $