（北京市通用）2026-2027学年英语九年级阅读与表达原创练习（2026年中考题型·材料选自中国日报）（第五组）

**基本信息** 聚焦北京中考阅读表达题型，通过5篇原创文本系统构建“定位-概括-表达”解题体系，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读表达|5篇文本（含15道基础题+5道开放题）|细节题定位原文关键信息，原因题多维度概括要点，开放题结合文本与自身实际|文本主题涵盖人文教育、经济消费等，题型与解题方法对应，形成“信息获取-逻辑分析-语言输出”链条，提升思维品质与学习能力|

北京阅读与表达原创5篇(2026题型)(第五组) (材料来自中国日报) (2026 北京中考) 阅读表达(第34 — 36题每题2分,第37题4分,共10分) 阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。 Being busy often seems important in today’s world. Full calendars, nonstop notifications (消息提醒), and long to-do lists make it feel like progress is always happening. However, many people end their days very tired and wonder why their big goals are still far away. The truth is that being busy is different from being effective: One fills time and the other creates results. Understanding the difference is important because it helps you control your attention, make smarter choices, and focus on what truly matters. Busyness gives a false sense of achievement because it fills time with activity. Answering emails, attending meetings, and checking off small tasks create the illusion (幻觉) of progress. However, activities of this kind often have no real purpose and fail to move important goals forward. What’s more, busy people often let outside tasks take over their time. As a result, they have little control over time, which leads to stress and little progress. Effectiveness, however, is measured (衡量) by results, not activity. Rather than ask how much was done, effective people ask what was achieved. They prioritise (优先考虑) tasks that create meaningful change, even if those tasks require more focus and more effort. For example, they decide ahead of time what is worth their energy and then prioritise their time for important work. This planned method reduces unnecessary tasks and creates space for deep, focused effort. The real cost of busyness lies not in time spent, but in progress lost. Being busy often hides the fact that little of real value is being achieved. Effective people, on the other hand, often take a break from their work to check if they are keeping to their goals. When you stop measuring your days by how full they are and start measuring them by what truly moves you forward, work becomes more purposeful and life feels more satisfying. 34. Why is it important to understand the difference between being busy and being effective? 35. What is the result when busy people let outside tasks take over their time? 36. How does the planned method of effective people work? 37. What do you plan to do to be an effective student? Why? (Please give two reasons.) 【答案】34. Because it helps you control your attention, make smarter choices, and focus on what truly matters. 35. They have little control over time, which leads to stress and little progress. 36. It reduces unnecessary tasks and creates space for deep, focused effort. 37. I plan to make a daily to-do list and rank tasks by importance. First, it helps me focus on key tasks instead of wasting time on easy but unimportant tasks. Second, it allows me to set aside quiet time for deep-learning, which improves my understanding and reduces last-minute stress. Passage 1 During the European Renaissance(欧洲文艺复兴), a new thought called humanism (人道主义) appeared. At that time, people believed studying ancient Greek and Latin (希腊语与拉丁语) books was the best way to live a good life. Humanists thought reading works of ancient thinkers and writers could help people become wiser, more moral and better at expressing themselves. They mainly learned subjects such as grammar, history and moral philosophy (哲学). For a long time, this was the main education method in Europe. However, this education was only available to rich free boys. It paid little attention to math and science. Its purpose was to shape people’s personalities instead of preparing them for future jobs. This situation changed from the 17th century. Natural science started to challenge traditional humanist education. Scientists believed studying nature was no less important than reading ancient books. Education began to change greatly. Universities started to value professional and technical research. Scholars (学者) no longer focused on big life questions, but cared more about tiny, specific details in ancient studies. Later, new ideas and social movements also influenced the study of ancient classics. Nowadays, Western people no longer regard ancient texts as perfect wisdom. They believe these works have shortcomings and biases (不足与偏见) because they were created in old times. Luckily, new changes are taking place. In recent years, China and Greece have cooperated to restart the research of valuable ancient thoughts. They hold international meetings like the World Conference of Classics(世界古典学大会). These activities aim to use ancient wisdom to solve modern problems. By studying and comparing the core (核心的) values of different ancient civilizations, scholars hope to understand common human values better. This international cooperation brings new hope for the future of classical studies. 1. What did humanists believe was the best way to live a good life during the European Renaissance? 2. What was the disadvantage of the early humanist education in Europe? 3. How did natural science change European education starting from the 17th century? 4. Why is the cooperation between China and Greece meaningful for classical studies? (Please give two reasons.) Passage 2 The recent five-day May Day holiday showed that China’s economy is growing because people are spending more money at home. During the holiday, both stores and services were very busy. A record 1.51 billion trips were made across the country, which was 3.49% higher than last year. Sales in shops went up by 14.3%, and digital payments reached nearly 29 billion transactions, a 23.45% increase. Shopping streets were also crowded, with 5% more people and 5.3% more business income(收入). Service industries grew even faster. People spent more on food, travel, hotels, fun activities, and health. Spending on health and leisure(休闲) alone jumped over 50% compared to before the holiday. This shows that people now care more about good experiences than just buying things. The government helped encourage this spending. They made the holiday schedule better and offered special deals for trading in old electronics or appliances. These rules made it easier and more attractive for people to spend money. The holiday also showed China’s new role in the world. In the past, China was famous as the "world's factory." Today, it is becoming a huge market for shoppers. During the holiday, over 1.26 million foreign visitors came to China, and almost half did not need a visa. Their spending went up over 45% in number and 37% in total value. Digital payments by tourists nearly doubled. At the same time, Chinese tourists traveled abroad in new ways. Many chose fun activities like diving, skiing, or visiting museums, with bookings rising 78%. This exchange shows how China is opening up. Foreigners are exploring local life here, while Chinese travelers are looking for deeper cultural experiences overseas. Experts say China may soon become the world’s top tourism market. However, there is still room to improve service quality and customer happiness. Overall, the May Day holiday showed a bright future for China’s active and promising consumer market. 1. What does the booming consumption during the May Day holiday show about China’s economy? 2. What change in people’s consumption ideas can we learn from the holiday spending data? 3. How did the government encourage people’s consumption during the holiday? 4. What does the May Day holiday tourism and consumption trend tell us about China’s development? (Please give two reasons.) Passage 3 In Chinese classical studies, peace means much more than just the absence (缺席) of war. It stands for a deep balance between humans and nature. For people to live peacefully, they must respect their differences, whether they are about politics, society, or culture. However, they must also work together to build a great harmony (融洽) where everyone and everything can grow together. This perfect state is called Tai He. Unfortunately, the modern world often follows the "law of the jungle(弱肉强食)," where the strongest win. This kind of thinking treats humans like animals and ignores the rules of civilization. In contrast(相比之下), ancient Chinese thinkers proposed a different idea called Tianxia Weigong(天下为公). This comes from a classic book called The Book of Rites. It describes a world that works for the common good of all people. Tianxia means "all under heaven." It breaks down walls between countries and builds a community for all humankind(人类). To make this happen, we need to educate people who care about the whole world, not just their own small groups. They should focus on what is best for everyone. Facing today’s global problems, we need both governments and ordinary people to work together. We must create a new sense of humanity to improve how the world is governed. Chinese philosophers (哲学家) have always valued fairness, justice, and equality. The idea of "serving the public" is very different from "serving a small group of powerful people." This belief supports important political ideas, such as putting people first, choosing leaders based on talent, and ruling with virtue. These are key parts of China’s traditional values. Pursuing (追求) the common good is the first step toward a fair society. Without it, true fairness cannot exist. These values guide China to be a strong supporter of world peace and shared development. The wisdom of "pursuing the common good for all under heaven" is deeply rooted in Chinese culture. It not only helps Chinese society grow but also offers a Chinese solution for the future of humanity. 1. What does real peace mean in traditional Chinese classical studies? 2. What is the problem with the "law of the jungle" in the modern world? 3. What kind of world does the idea of Tianxia Weigong describe? 4. Why is the wisdom of pursuing the common good important? (Please give two reasons.) Passage 4 It is true that China is very good at turning ideas into real products. However, when it comes to making the very first discovery—the "zero to one" step—China still has a lot of work to do. This is true for subjects like math, physics, and engineering. Many people say China is great at taking someone else's discovery and improving it "from two to one hundred." But making that first leap is difficult. To fix this, scientists need freedom. Sometimes, research might seem useless today, but it helps us understand how nature works. This curiosity is the most important fuel for real innovation. Right now, Chinese scientists are very fast at following breakthroughs (突破点) made in other countries. But it is rare to see a brand-new direction started by a Chinese researcher. Taking that first step is critical (关键的) for the future. One big problem is pressure. Young researchers today do not have to worry about food or housing, but they feel a lot of stress. Parents and society often protect children too much. In schools, the reward system is focused on money and fancy titles. Many young scientists are forced to chase high salaries instead of chasing their dreams. Another issue is how we judge success. Many universities only care about how many papers a scientist publishes and where they are published. They do not look at the quality of the ideas. Also, evaluations (估价) are often done only by local experts, not by international ones. This makes it hard to know if the research is truly world-class. However, things are starting to change. Many talented Chinese scientists are returning from overseas, bringing new ideas. More and more homegrown (本土的) talents are appearing as well. The key is to have real experts who know the subject well. The future is in our hands. We should encourage young scholars to aim higher. Some of them want to become world-class leaders and do work that changes the world. With the right support, these young minds could shape the future of science for many years to come. 1. What is China’s weakness in scientific research compared with its advantage? 2. What is the most important driving force for real scientific innovation? 3. What two main problems are holding back young Chinese scientists’ innovation? 4. What should we do to boost China’s scientific innovation? Why? (Please give two reasons.) Passage 5 The Dragon Boat Festival is one of China's oldest traditions. It happens every year on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar. While many people today enjoy eating rice dumplings (zongzi) and watching dragon boat races, the festival actually started for a very serious reason: staying safe and healthy. Long ago, people believed that the fifth month of the lunar year was a dangerous time. The hot and wet weather brought many insects and diseases. Because medicine was not advanced yet, many people got sick during this season. So, the Dragon Boat Festival was created as a way to protect people. Instead of celebrating with happiness, people focused on warding off evil spirits and staying alive. Many customs we see today come from this ancient need for safety. For example, hanging mugwort and calamus (艾草与菖蒲) on doors was not just for decoration; these plants helped keep insects away. People also wore colorful silk threads and small bags of herbs (called sachets) to protect themselves from illness. In the past, people drank realgar wine(雄黄酒), thinking it would kill bugs and cure skin problems. However, we now know that drinking realgar wine is unhealthy and should be avoided. Over time, the festival also became a time to remember history. The most famous story is about Qu Yuan, a loyal(忠诚的) poet who drowned himself in a river. People raced boats to try to save him and threw rice into the water so the fish wouldn't eat his body. This is how dragon boat racing and eating zongzi began. Other stories include heroes like Wu Zixu and a brave girl named Cao E, whose sacrifices (牺牲) are also remembered during this time. Because the festival has such serious and historical roots, many people prefer to say "Wishing you peace and health" instead of "Happy Dragon Boat Festival." This shows respect for the tradition and cares for the well-being of others. Today, when we celebrate, we are not just having fun; we are continuing a practice of safety, remembrance, and care that has lasted for thousands of years. 1. Why did ancient people create the Dragon Boat Festival at first? 2. What was the original purpose of hanging mugwort and calamus on doors during the festival? 3. How did the traditions of dragon boat racing and eating zongzi come into being? 4. Why do people prefer to wish others peace and health rather than say "Happy Dragon Boat Festival"? (Please give two reasons.) 答案与解析 Passage 1 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了欧洲文艺复兴时期的人道主义教育理念、后续发展变化以及古典研究的新趋势。文艺复兴时期的人道主义推崇研读古希腊、拉丁典籍,学习文法、历史、道德哲学,以此修身立德、完善人格。但这种传统教育受众有限、偏重人文,忽视数理科学,不以职业培养为目标。17世纪后,自然科学兴起,打破了传统人文教育的主导地位,教育开始侧重专业技术研究。后世新思想的出现,也让现代人不再将古典典籍奉为绝对真理。如今中希两国开展国际学术合作,通过对比古文明核心智慧解决现代问题,为古典研究的未来发展带来了新的希望。 1. They believed studying ancient Greek and Latin books and reading works of ancient thinkers and writers was the best way to live a good life.解析:定位文章首段,文艺复兴时期的人道主义者认为研读古希腊、拉丁古籍与先贤著作,是拥有美好生活的最佳方式。 2. It was only open to rich free boys and ignored math and science. It only focused on shaping personalities instead of training people for future jobs.解析:根据第二段内容,从受众局限、学科缺失、培养目标单一三个方面概括其不足。 3. Natural science challenged traditional humanist education. Universities began to focus on professional and technical research and paid more attention to specific details rather than big life questions.解析:17世纪自然科学兴起,打破了传统人文教育的垄断地位,推动欧洲教育转向专业化、技术化的细节研究。 4. First, it helps people use ancient wisdom to solve modern problems. Second, it helps scholars better understand common human values and brings new hope for the future of classical studies.解析:需答出两点原因。结合文末内容,中希学术合作既能活用古老智慧解决现代难题,也能助力人类共同价值研究,为古典研究发展注入新力量。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】 本文围绕五一假期的消费与旅游数据,展现了中国经济的蓬勃活力。假期国内出行、零售销售、数字支付等数据大幅上涨,民众消费不再局限于购物,更加注重健康、休闲等体验式消费。政府通过优化假期安排、推出消费优惠政策,进一步拉动了内需。同时,中国从“世界工厂”逐步转变为大型消费市场,入境游客数量和消费金额显著增长。国人出境游也更注重深度文化体验,体现了中外双向交流与对外开放的深化。专家看好中国旅游市场前景,但指出服务质量仍有提升空间,整体展现出中国消费市场的良好发展态势。 1. It shows that China’s economy is growing and its consumer market is active and promising.解析:全文开篇和结尾均点明,五一假期火热的消费数据直观体现出中国经济稳步增长、消费市场充满活力。 2. People no longer only focus on buying goods. They pay more attention to high-quality experiences such as travel, dining, health and leisure activities.解析:文中提到健康、休闲类消费大幅增长,体现民众消费观念升级,从单纯购物转向追求优质体验。 3. The government improved the holiday schedule and offered special deals for trading in old electronic and electrical appliances.解析:文章明确说明政府通过优化假期安排、推出以旧换新优惠,刺激民众消费。 4. First, China is transforming from the "world's factory" into a huge consumer market with great potential. Second, China is further opening up, with more foreign visitors coming to China and Chinese tourists seeking deep overseas cultural experiences. 解析:结合文章中外双向旅游、消费市场升级的内容,总结出中国市场转型与对外开放深化两大核心要点。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了中国传统的和平与大同思想。中国文化中的和平不只是没有战争,更是人与自然的平衡、包容差异、万物共生的和谐状态,即“太和”。现代世界常奉行弱肉强食的丛林法则,违背文明发展的本质。与之相对,中国古代提出“天下为公”的理念,主张打破国家隔阂、造福全人类。文章强调,要通过教育和全民努力,构建人类共同体。中华哲学崇尚公平正义、以民为本、以德治国,追求公共利益。这种根植于中华文化的智慧,不仅推动中国社会发展,也为世界和平与人类共同发展提供了中国方案。 1. It means the balance between humans and nature. It also means respecting differences and building great harmony for all things to grow together.解析:文章开篇点明中国传统文化中的和平不只是没有战争,还包含人与自然平衡、包容差异、万物共生的太和境界。 2. It only believes the strongest can win. It treats humans like animals and ignores the rules of human civilization.解析:本题考查反面现象的危害。文中对比现代丛林法则与中国传统思想,指出它野蛮、违背文明规则,不利于和谐发展。 3. It describes a world that serves the common good of all people. It breaks national borders and builds a community for all humankind.解析:根据《礼记》中的“天下为公”,概括其打破国界、造福全人类、构建人类共同体的核心内涵。 4. First, it is the foundation of a fair society, and true fairness cannot exist without it. Second, it supports world peace and shared development and offers a good solution for humanity’s future.解析:本题为主观简答题,需要两点原因。分别从社会公平、世界发展两个角度作答。 Passage 4 【主旨大意】 本文主要介绍了中国科技创新的现状、短板与发展前景。中国擅长将已有成果改良升级、把创意转化为实物,也就是“从二到百”的优化创新,但缺少从零到一的原创性、开创性科研突破。文章指出,科研自由与好奇心是创新的核心动力。当下阻碍青年科研人员创新的主要有两大问题:社会与学业的压力让年轻人追逐名利而非科研理想,科研评价体系只看重论文数量、忽视研究质量,且评价范围较为局限。不过目前情况正在好转,海外人才回流、本土优秀人才不断涌现。文章认为,我们应当鼓励青年科研学者树立更高目标,给予他们充足支持,助力中国实现世界级的原创科研突破。 1. China is good at improving existing scientific achievements, but it lacks original "zero to one" discoveries and new research directions in basic science.解析:本题对比中国科研的优势与短板。短文开篇点明中国擅长改良已有成果,但难以做出开创性的原创科学发现。 2. The curiosity about nature and free scientific research are the most important fuel for real innovation.解析:文中明确指出,探索自然的好奇心和科研自由是真正科技创新的关键驱动力。 3. First, young scientists face huge pressure and tend to chase money and titles instead of scientific dreams. Second, the current scientific evaluation system values paper quantity over research quality and lacks international expert judgment.解析:本题考查阻碍科研创新的两大核心问题,对应原文压力困境与不合理的科研评价体系两大要点。 4. First, we should give young researchers more freedom to explore science. Because curiosity-driven research helps create original breakthroughs. Second, we should build a better evaluation system. Because it can focus on research quality and encourage young scholars to pursue real scientific dreams.解析:本题为开放问答,需给出两点合理措施及原因。围绕释放科研自由、优化评价体系展开。 Passage 5 【主旨大意】 端午节是中国古老的传统节日,定于农历五月初五。该节日最初并非为了欢庆,而是源于古人的健康防护需求。农历五月湿热多虫、疫病多发,古代医疗落后,人们通过挂艾草菖蒲、佩戴彩绳香囊、饮雄黄酒等习俗驱邪防病、守护健康。随着时间推移,端午节也被赋予了纪念历史先贤的意义,最广为流传的是纪念爱国诗人屈原,赛龙舟、吃粽子的习俗便由此诞生,同时也有纪念伍子胥、曹娥等义士的说法。由于节日起源与平安、祈福、缅怀先烈相关,底蕴庄重,如今人们多互祝平安健康。端午节延续千年,不仅是传统民俗盛会,更是承载着平安守护、缅怀先烈、心怀善意的传统文化载体。 1. Ancient people created the festival to protect themselves. The fifth lunar month was hot and wet with many insects and diseases, and medical conditions were poor at that time, so people needed this festival to stay safe and healthy and ward off evil and illness.解析:文章明确指出端午节最初诞生的核心目的是帮助古人抵御疫病、守护健康,而非庆祝,贴合古代恶劣的自然环境和落后的医疗条件。 2. It was not just for decoration. The main purpose was to keep insects away and protect people from sickness.解析:区别于现代的装饰意义,古人悬挂艾草菖蒲是实用需求,用来驱虫防病,是端午祈福安康的重要习俗。 3.These traditions came from the story of the loyal poet Qu Yuan. People raced boats to save him and threw rice into the river to stop fish from eating his body after he drowned.解析:文章重点介绍了赛龙舟、吃粽子起源于纪念屈原的典故,是端午节最具代表性的民俗起源。 4. First, the festival originated from serious purposes of keeping safe and preventing diseases instead of joyful celebration. Second, it bears historical meanings of remembering and honoring ancient heroes, so people want to show respect for the tradition and care for others.解析:本题需要概括两点核心原因,兼顾节日起源和文化内涵。端午起源庄重、承载缅怀先贤的厚重历史,并非纯粹喜庆的节日,因此人们以平安健康的祝福传递敬意与善意。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $