Unit 1 The Changing World 单元知识点过关（精讲课件）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

该初中英语课件系统梳理了九年级Unit 1 The Changing World的核心知识，通过重点词汇、短语识记、词汇变形、课本语篇、重点句子、单元作文六个模块，以列表归纳、习题训练、语法解析等方式，构建从基础积累到综合应用的知识网络，体现知识点间的逻辑递进关系。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如词汇变形模块通过词形转换表提升语言运用能力，语篇过关结合中英文对话分析现在完成时等语法，培养对比分析思维。分层练习设计如词汇的填空与单选、作文的框架模板，满足不同学生需求，助力知识巩固，也为教师提供精准复习教学支持。

九年级英语 Unit 1 The Changing World 单元知识点过关 1 目 录 CONTENTS 短语识记过关 词汇变形过关 重点词汇过关 课本语篇过关 重点句子过关 单元作文过关 2 01 重点词汇过关 3 重点词汇过关 4 一、根据汉语填写单词 1. Rich ________ (土壤) makes it easy for farmers to grow corn and other plants. 2. More and more ________ (耕地) is getting smaller because of the building of new houses. 3. The local ____________ (政府) is trying its best to improve people’s living conditions. 4. Workers are building a new ________ (公路) to connect these small towns together. 5. A strong ________ (沙尘暴) hit the northern villages and brought lots of sand everywhere. 6. The big tree’s ________ (根) go deep into the soil so that it can get enough water. 7. This seaside ________ (港口城市；港口) receives lots of ships from different countries. 8. Many small villages are facing a water ________ (短缺) in the dry season every year. 9. The heavy rain will ________ (带来；引起) many serious problems for the local farmland. 10. The workers will ________ (完成；结束) the big building project before next summer. soil farmland government highway sandstorm port shortage bring about 重点词汇过关 roots complete 5 11. You can see lots of green ________ (灌木) along both sides of the country road. 12. People’s living conditions have ________ (大大地；非常) improved over these years. 13. This old ________ (铁路) has helped carry goods for people for more than fifty years. 14. Farmers grow plenty of ________ (玉米；谷物) on their farmland every autumn. 15. More people choose quick ________ (电子支付) when they go shopping in big cities. 16. There is lots of ________ (含沙的) ground near the big lake in this northern area. 17. This place is one of the most popular tourist ________ (向往的地方；吸引力) in our country. 18. A heavy ________ (卡车) carries fresh fruit and vegetables to the city market every morning. 19. The whole mountain is __________ __ (被…… 覆盖) with thick green trees in summer. 20. The city will provide more comfortable ________ (住房；住宅) for young workers. 21. Beijing is the ________ (首都) of our great country with a long history. 重点词汇过关 bushes greatly railway corn e-payment attractions lorry covered with sandy housing capital 6 22. Some poor areas still ________ (缺乏) enough food for old people and little kids. 23. The mountain road is very ________ (崎岖的), so we must drive our cars more carefully. 24. The factory creates different kinds of useful ________ (产品) for people’s daily life. 25. We use many kinds of ________ (数字的) machines to make our daily work easier. 26. It is quite __________ (方便的) for us to take the railway to travel to nearby cities. 27. When the wind blows, lots of ________ (泥土；尘土) will fly into the air in dry days. 28. This high‑tech ________ (温室) allows people to grow fresh vegetables all year round. 29. The new bridge will ________ (连接) these two big cities across the wide river. 30. The clever boy worked out all these difficult math problems ________ (轻而易举地). 31. Most local people ________ (支持) the new plan to build more public housing. 32. The general ________ (经理) of this big company will visit our school next week. 重点词汇过关 lack rough products convenient dirt greenhouse link digital with ease support manager dirt greenhouse link with ease support manager tunnel business villagers 7 二、单项选择题 重点词汇过关 After workers ___ the big tunnel project, travelling between the two cities will become much faster. A. complete B. lack C. support D. bring about 2. Many young people prefer to use ___ when they go shopping instead of carrying lots of paper money. A. e‑payment B. audio C. capital D. flat 3. The ____ of the big tree can get water and nutrition deep inside the rich soil under the ground. A. bush B. corn C. root D. dirt 4. Lots of visitors are interested in this tourist ____ because of its special natural sights and clean environment. A. product B. attraction C. housing D. soil 5. You should be careful when you drive on this ____ mountain road after the heavy rain. A. rough B. wide C. flat D. digital 8 重点词汇过关 6. This lorry carries different kinds of farm ____ from the countryside to the city market every day. A. villagers B. products C. aspects D. comments 7. When you take the old ____, you can enjoy lots of beautiful farmland views out of the window. A. tunnel B. port C. railway D. lorry 8. The clever manager drew a clear ____ after he talked with all the workers in the big factory. A. discussion B. conclusion C. miracle D. root 9. People in this village face a serious water ____, so the government is trying to find useful ways to solve it. A. shortage B. miracle C. discussion D. conclusion 10. Modern ____ machines help farmers grow vegetables inside greenhouses even in cold winter. A. sandy B. high‑tech C. socialist D. junior 9 重点词汇过关 11. The local government will build a new highway that can ____ these two small towns in the mountain area. A. link B. complete C. bring about D. support 12. Many young college students give their strong ____ to the public project for poor mountain villages. A. business B. support C. aspect D. comment 13. It is very ____ for local people to take trains because the new railway station is close to their homes. A. sandy B. rough C. convenient D. man‑made 14. Some ____ buildings in this old port city show us the great wisdom of people in old times. A. man‑made B. junior C. digital D. narrow 15. The living conditions of the villagers have ____ changed after the government built new houses. A. greatly B. conveniently C. narrowly D. widely 10 重点词汇过关 16. The ____ in this area are very hard‑working and they grow corn and other grain on their farmland. A. managers B. villagers C. Kenyans D. audiences 17. The whole small hill is ____ thick green bushes, and you can hardly see stones on its surface. A. covered with B. good for C. full of D. different from 18. We can see many new high‑rise ____ for young workers along the newly‑built highway. A. housing B. port C. capital D. track 19. He worked out all these hard practical problems with ____, and all his workmates felt very surprised. A. with ease B. bring about C. be covered with D. thousands of 20. This serious sandstorm will ____ lots of trouble for traffic and people’s daily life in northern areas. A. turn around B. bring about C. fight against D. get together 11 02 短语识记过关 12 短语识记过关 take place 发生 over the years 这些年来，多年间 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 be covered with 被…… 覆盖 there used to be 过去曾经有…… all the time 一直，总是 by hand 手工，用手 hold the soil together 固土，将土壤固定在一起 with the government’s support 在政府的支持下 since then 从那以后 Great changes take place in Li Rui’s hometown every year. 李瑞的家乡每年都发生巨大的变化。 Our hometown has changed a lot over the years. 这些年来，我们的家乡发生了很大的变化。 People used to travel far on foot in the past. 过去人们常常步行远行。 The hills are covered with green trees in spring. 春天，小山被绿树所覆盖。 There used to be a small river in this village. 这个村子里过去曾经有一条小河。 The wind blows strongly all the time in sandy areas. 在沙地区域，大风一直猛烈地刮着。 Local farmers grew vegetables by hand many years ago. 许多年前，当地农民靠手工种植蔬菜。 Long roots of bushes can hold the soil together. 灌木长长的根系可以将土壤固定在一起。 With the government’s support, many new roads were built. 在政府的支持下，修建了许多新公路。 He began to plant trees and since then fewer sandstorms have appeared. 他开始植树，从那以后沙尘暴变少了。 13 短语识记过关 plant bushes and trees 种植灌木和树木 improve local lives 改善当地人的生活 change quite a lot 变化相当大 tons of 大量的，成吨的 help a lot 帮助很大，起到很大作用 become a tourist attraction 成为旅游景点 sell products online 线上售卖产品 all over China 全中国，全国各地 have been to + 地点 去过某地（已返回） as well as 以及；和 Villagers plant bushes and trees to stop the sand from moving. 村民们种植灌木和树木阻止沙土流动。 The new railway helps greatly to improve local lives. 这条新铁路极大地帮助改善当地人的生活。 This small town has changed quite a lot in twenty years. 二十年间这座小镇变化相当大。 Tons of fresh fruit are sent to big cities every season. 每个季节都有成吨的新鲜水果运往大城市。 High‑tech greenhouses help a lot with vegetable growing. 高科技温室对于蔬菜种植起到很大作用。 The old village has become a tourist attraction in recent years. 这座古村落近几年已经成为旅游景点。 Many local businessmen sell products online all over China. 很多当地商人线上售卖产品，销往全国各地。 Their special local food is popular all over China. 他们的特色特产风靡全国各地。 My grandpa has been to the new high‑tech library several times. 我的爷爷去过这座高科技新图书馆好几次。 We can read digital books as well as paper books in the library. 在图书馆里我们可以读纸质书，以及电子书。 14 短语识记过关 in the past 在过去 thousands of 成千上万的；数千的 as a result 因此；结果 with one's help 在某人的帮助下 link A to B 将 A 与 B 连接 link up (with) 衔接；汇合 make it + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 使某人做某事变得…… great changes have taken place 发生了巨大的变化 benefit a lot from 从…… 中受益匪浅 make business deals 达成交易 In the past, it was difficult for local people to travel. 在过去，当地人出行十分困难。 Thousands of visitors come to visit the man‑made forest every year. 每年成千上万的游客前来参观这片人工林。 More trees were planted. As a result, the environment got better. 种植了更多树木，因此环境变好了。 With their help, the villagers built wide new roads. 在他们的帮助下，村民们修建了宽阔的新路。 The new highway links this small town to the big city. 这条新公路将这座小镇与大城市连接起来。 These small roads link up with the main railway line. 这些小路和主干铁路线相衔接。 The new bridge makes it convenient for villagers to cross the river. 这座新桥使村民们过河变得很方便。 Great changes have taken place in this poor area over twenty years. 二十年间这个贫困地区发生了巨大的变化。 Local traders benefit a lot from the convenient transport. 当地商人从便利的交通中受益匪浅。 Businessmen can make business deals with ease because of the fast train. 因为高铁，商人们可以轻松达成交易。 15 放学 想要成为 想要做某事 牛肉面 每周末 轮流做某事 选出 和某人打招呼 短语识记过关 be known as 被誉为 be known for 因…… 而闻名 be known to the world 为世界所熟知 be different from 与…… 不同 for example 例如 on one's own = by oneself 独自；单独 junior high school 初中 attend group discussions 参加小组讨论 in many ways 在很多方面发生了改变 begin doing sth. 开始做某事 Saihanba is known as the world’s biggest man‑made forest. 塞罕坝被誉为世界上最大的人工林。 The small town is known for its delicious local food. 这座小镇因美味的当地美食而闻名。 China’s environmental achievements are known to the world. 中国的环保成就为世界所熟知。 My junior school life is different from my primary school life. 我的初中生活与我的小学生活不一样。 Many skills are useful. For example, group discussion helps us learn better. 很多技能很有用，例如，小组讨论帮助我们学得更好。 The boy can finish his homework on his own. 这个男孩可以独自完成他的家庭作业。 When I go to junior high school, I take a bus to school every day. 当我上初中的时候，我每天坐公交车上学。 We attend group discussions in class to share our different ideas. 我们在课堂上参加小组讨论，分享不同的想法。 Our hometown has changed in many ways during these years. 这些年我们的家乡在很多方面发生了改变。 Local people began growing fruit in high‑tech greenhouses. 当地人开始在高科技温室大棚里种植水果。 16 放学 想要成为 想要做某事 牛肉面 每周末 轮流做某事 选5. 5. 出 和某人打招呼 短语识记过关 一、用方框内短语适当形式填空（每词限用一次） take place；over the years；used to do sth.；be covered with；there used to be；all the time；by hand；hold the soil together；with the government’s support；since then 1. Great changes ____________________ in our hometown in the past ten years. 2. Our village has become much better ____________________. 3. People _________ travel far by bike when they were young. 4. The whole mountain ________________ thick green trees in summer. 5. ________________ a small lake at the foot of the hill long ago. 6. The strong wind blows ___________________ in this dry area. 7. Years ago, local farmers grew all kinds of crops ________________. 8. Planting trees can ____________________ to stop the sand moving. 9. ______________________________, lots of new roads and schools were built here. 10. He began to plant trees in 2010, and _______________ fewer sandstorms appeared. have taken place over the years used to is covered with There used to be all the time by hand hold the soil together With the government's support since then 17 二、单项选择（短语辨析） —How has your hometown changed ______? —It is becoming more and more beautiful. A. over the years B. by hand C. all the time Many hills _____ green trees because people plant lots of trees every year. A. take place B. are covered with C. make a noise —What did people _____ in this small village? —They grew food by hand and lived a simple life. A. use to do B. used to do C. be used to doing ______, many poor families’ lives have greatly improved in this area. A. With the government’s support B. In the sun C. Across the sky Long roots of trees can ______, so we should protect forests. A. hold the soil together B. go back to C. see the sunrise 短语识记过关 18 三、句子翻译（重点短语） 1. 这些年来，我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 2. 过去这个村子里曾经有一片大片的森林。 3. 在政府的支持下，村民们开始种植灌木和树木。 4. 这座小山在冬天被白雪覆盖。 5. 从那以后，当地人们的生活改善了很多。 短语识记过关 Great changes have taken place in our hometown over the years. There used to be a large forest in this village. With the government’s support, villagers began planting bushes and trees. The hill is covered with white snow in winter. Since then, local people’s lives have improved a lot. 19 03 词汇变形过关 20 一、单词词形转换 1．develop (v. 发展) → ______ (n. 发展)；→ ______ (adj. 发达的)；→ ______ (adj. 发展中的) 2．improve (v. 改善) → _____________ (n. 改善，提高) 3．change (v. & n. 改变) → ____________ (adj. 多变的) 4．communicate (v. 交流) → ____________ (n. 交流；通讯) 5．rapid (adj. 迅速的) → ____________ (adv. 迅速地) 6．convenient (adj. 便利的) → ____________ (n. 便利，方便) 7．wide (adj. 宽阔的) → ________ (adv. 广泛地)；→ _________ (对应词 adj. 狭窄的) 8．environment (n. 环境) → ____________ (adj. 环境的) 9．village (n. 村庄) → ________ (n. 村民) 10．social (adj. 社会的；社交的) → ______ (n. 社会) → ________ (adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主义者) 词汇变形过关 improvement changeable communication convenience widely rapidly development villager society environmental narrow socialist developed developing 21 11．recent (adj. 近来的) → ____________ (adv. 最近) 12．transport (n. 运输) → ____________ (n. 交通运输系统) 13．conclude (v. 总结) → ____________ (n. 结论) 14．attract (v. 吸引)→ ____________ (n. 吸引力；景点)；→ ____________ (adj. 吸引人的) 15．produce (v. 生产) → ___________ (n. 产品)；→ ____________ (n. 生产) 16．manage (v. 管理) → ___________ (n. 经理) → ____________ (n. 管理) 17．lead (v. 引领；导致) → _________ (n. 领导者) 18．digital (adj. 数字的) → _______________ (n. 数字化) 19．modern (adj. 现代的) → _____________ (v. 现代化) 20．govern (v. 统治；管理)→_____________ (n. 政府) 词汇变形过关 transportation government conclusion leader digitalization product manager modernize attraction recently production management attractive 22 21．discuss (v. 讨论；谈论；商量) → ____________ (n. 讨论) 22．house (n. 房子) → ____________ (n. 住房；住宅) 23．harm (v. & n. 伤害；损害) → ____________ (对应词 v. 得益于；使受益) → ____________ (n. 优势；益处)；→ ____________ (adj. 有益的) 24．comfort n. 舒适→ ____________ (adj.) 舒适的 →____________ (adj.) 不舒服的 25．achieve v. 实现→ ____________ (n.) 成就 26．memory n. 记忆→ ____________ (adj.) 难忘的 27．create v. 创造→ ____________ (n.) 创造；→ ____________ (adj. 创造性的) 28．connect v. 联系→____________ (n.) 联系 29．volunteer (n.) 志愿者 → __________ (v.) 自愿 30．educate (v.) 教育 → ___________ (n.) 教育 词汇变形过关 housing benefit creation connection beneficial comfortable memorable volunteer achievement discussion uncomfortable creative education benefit 23 31．proper (adj.) 合适的 → ____________ (adv.) 适当地 32．child (n.) 孩子 → ____________ (pl.) 孩子们 33．see (v.) 看见 → ____________ (过去分词) 34．perseverance n. 毅力；坚韧 → ____________ (v.) 坚持；→____________ (adj.) 坚韧不拔的 35．contribution n. 贡献 → ____________ (v.) 贡献 36．courage n. 勇气→____________ (adj.) 勇敢的；→ ____________ (adv.) 勇敢地 37．wisdom n. 智慧→____________ (adj.) 充满智慧的 38．patience n. 耐心 →____________ (adj.) 耐心的；→反义词 ____________ (adj.) 不耐烦的 39．determination n. 决心 → ____________ (v.) 下定决心 40．respect n.&v. 尊重 →____________ (adj.) 值得尊敬的 词汇变形过关 children seen patient determine persevere contribute wise courageous properly perseverant courageously impatient respectable 24 41．pioneer n. 先驱者→ ___________ (v.) 开拓；开创 42．pollute v. 污染 → ___________ (n. 污染)；→ ___________ (adj. 被污染的) 43．build v. 建造 → ___________ (n. 建筑物)；过去分词 ___________ 44．influence v.&n. 影响 → ___________ (adj. 有影响力的) 45．live v. 居住 → ___________ (adj. 活着的) /___________ (adj. 生动活泼的)；→ ______ (n. 生活；生命)；复数 ___________ 46．rough (adj. 崎岖的) → ___________ (adv.) → ___________ (n.) 47．sand (n. 沙子) → ___________ (adj. 多沙的) → ___________ (n. 沙尘暴) 48．poor (adj.) 贫穷的 → ___________ (n.) 贫穷；→ ___________ (反义词) 富有的 49．farm (n. 农场；v. 耕种) → ___________ (n. 农民) → ___________ (n. 农业) 50．short (adj. 短缺的) → ___________ (n. 短缺，不足) → ___________ (v. 缩短) 词汇变形过关 built pollution roughly building lively sand rich influential alive poverty life farmer lives sandy pioneer roughness farming polluted shortage shorten 25 51．bush (n. 灌木) → ___________ (adj. 灌木茂密的) 52．local (adj. 当地的) → ___________ (adv. 在本地) 53．easy (adj. 容易的) → ___________ (n. 安逸，轻松) → ___________ (adv. 轻易地) 54．narrow (adj. 狭窄的) → ___________ (adv. 狭窄地；勉强地) 55．business (n. 生意) → ___________ (n. 商人 单数) → ___________ (商人 复数) 56．support (v./n. 支持) → ___________ (n. 支持者) → ___________ (adj. 支持的) 57．nation (n. 国家) → ___________ (adj. 国家的，民族的) 58．crowd (n. 人群) → ___________ (adj. 拥挤的) 59．possible (adj. 可能) → ___________ (adj. 不可能) → ___________ (adv. 可能地) 60．real (adj. 真实的) → ___________ (adv. 真正地) 词汇变形过关 easily locally ease crowded impossible narrowly businessman national really supporter supportive bushy businessmen possibly 26 04 课本语篇过关 27 课本语篇过关 记者：在过去 20 年里，你们家乡的生活发生了怎样的变化？ 严先生：哦，变化可真大！很多年轻人过去都在大城市打工。 现在，更多年轻人回到家乡生活、工作。 记者：太棒了！还有其他方面的变化吗？ 吴女士：有的，我们的农耕方式改变了。我以前在一小块农田里种少量蔬菜，拿到当地市场售卖。如今，我拥有大型高科技温室大棚。在大棚里，我种植大量水果和蔬菜，销往各大城市。 记者：哇，新建的公路和铁路一定帮了大忙！ 严先生：确实如此！我们村子成了一处旅游景点。我们现在可以把本地特产卖给游客。我们还通过网络把商品卖给全国各地的人们。 记者：这些变化极大地改善了你们的生活吗？ 吴女士：是的！我们现在住上了新房子。而且村里刚刚新建了一所医院和一座图书馆。 记者：太了不起了！你们正在共同建设社会主义新农村。 28 课本语篇过关 重点短语 over the last 20 years 在过去 20 年里   quite a lot 相当多；变化很大    used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 come back 回来    live and work here 在这里生活和工作    the way we farm 我们的农耕方式 a few vegetables 少量蔬菜    on a small farm 在小农场    local market 当地市场 high‑tech greenhouses 高科技温室大棚    tons of fruit and vegetables 大量水果蔬菜   new highway and railway 新建公路与铁路 a tourist attraction 一处旅游景点    local products 本地特产    all over China 全中国 greatly improve one’s lives 极大改善某人的生活    build a new hospital 新建一所医院    a new socialist village 社会主义新农村 29 课本语篇过关 核心语法考点 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 含义：表示过去经常做，但现在不再做的动作，只用于过去。 易错提醒：后面接动词原形；be used to doing 习惯于做某事（to 是介词，后加 doing） 2. 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词（全篇核心时态） 课文大量使用现在完成时，描述从过去开始，持续到现在、对现在造成影响的变化。 标志词：over the last 20 years（在过去 20 年间）、just（刚刚），是现在完成时典型时间标志。 现在完成时基本结构 肯定：主语 + have/has + done (过去分词) 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + done…? 30 课本语篇过关 核心语法考点 3. must have done 对过去事情的肯定推测 用法：must have + 过去分词，表示对已经发生的事情进行肯定推测，译为 “一定已经……” 4. 定语从句（省略关系代词） the way (that/in which) we farm 我们农耕的方式 the way 作先行词，后面定语从句的引导词 that /in which 可以省略，课文原句：we’ve changed the way we farm. 我们改变了农耕的方式。 5. there be 句型的现在完成时：There have been… there be 的现在完成时：There have/has been + 名词；疑问句把 have/has 提前。 6. 短语：tons of + 名词 大量…… tons of fruit and vegetables 大量水果蔬菜 tons of = lots of /plenty of 31 课本语篇过关 2017 年，全新的 480 公里蒙巴萨‑内罗毕铁路正式通车。在此之前，肯尼亚主要港口蒙巴萨与首都内罗毕之间，仅有的交通线路是坑洼的公路，以及一条 1901 年完工的老旧铁路线。老式火车速度非常慢。过去坐火车从蒙巴萨到内罗毕要花费 10 个小时。 然而，这条在中国援助下修建的新铁路，已经将蒙巴萨到内罗毕的旅客通行时间缩短至大约五到六个小时。如今，每年有超过两百万人乘坐这条线路。 肯尼亚当地民众从这条新铁路中受益匪浅。一位政府工作人员说：“我对中国朋友修建的这条新铁路感到十分满意。过去几年，这座城镇发生了诸多变化，居住在这里的人们变得富裕起来。” 一位商人说：“从 2017 年开始乘坐这趟火车，我的体验一直很好。它十分便捷，花费也不高。我能够准时抵达各地，轻松达成商业交易。” 这条铁路也让食品运输变得更加便利。 一名超市经理说：“过去，需要数百辆卡车才能在两座城市之间运送食品，而现在只需要两到三列火车。” 因此，人们现在可以吃到更多新鲜食物。 尽管中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路向我们展示：不同国家可以携手合作，共建更加美好的世界。 32 课本语篇过关 重点短语 on the fast track 在飞驰发展中    transport links 交通线路 railway line 铁路线    get to…from… 从…… 到达…… built with China’s help 在中国的援助下    cut the travel time 缩短通行时间 more than two million people 两百多万人    benefit a lot from… 从…… 受益匪浅 over the last few years 在过去几年里    take place 发生 make business deals 达成商业交易    with ease 轻松地 hundreds of lorries 数百辆卡车    as a result 因此；结果 fresh food 新鲜食物    far away from each other 彼此相距遥远 work together 携手合作    build a better world 建设一个更美好的世界 33 课本语篇过关 核心语法考点 1. 现在完成时 have /has + 过去分词（本篇核心时态） 用法：动作发生在过去，对现在产生结果或影响；常搭配 over the last few years、since+时间点、already。 标志词：over the last few years（在过去几年）、since 2017（自从 2017 年）、already（已经） 2. It takes (sb.) + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间 固定句型，it 作形式主语，真正主语是后面的 to do 不定式。 课文例句： It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train. 坐火车从蒙巴萨到内罗毕要花费 10 个小时。 时态变化：it takes…（一般现在时）；it took…（一般过去时） 34 课本语篇过关 核心语法考点 3. 过去分词作后置定语 …the new railway, built with China’s help 在中国援助下修建的新铁路 built 是 build 的过去分词，修饰前面名词 railway，表示被动含义：被修建 the new railway built by our Chinese friends 由我们中国朋友修建的铁路 4. 定语从句 who 引导，修饰人 the people who live here have become rich. 居住在这里的人们变得富裕。 who指代人，在从句中作主语，不能省略。 5. although 引导让步状语从句 易错提醒：although /though 不能和 but 同时连用，二选一。 35 课本语篇过关 核心语法考点 6. 被动语态 一般过去时被动：was/were +过去分词 the new 480‑kilometre Mombasa‑Nairobi railway was opened. 蒙巴萨‑内罗毕新铁路于 2017 年正式通车。（铁路 “被开通”） 7. make + 宾语 + 形容词 使某物…… The railway has also made the transport of food easier. 这条铁路也让食品运输变得更加便利。 结构：make +名词/代词 +形容词 使…… 处于某种状态 8. be able to do sth. 能够做某事 I am able to get to places on time. 我能够准时到达各地。 辨析：be able to 可用于多种时态；can 只用于现在 / 过去（could）。 36 05 重点句子过关 37 How has life changed in your hometown over the last 20 years? 在过去的 20 年里，你家乡的生活发生了怎样的变化？ 重点句子过关 ①本句是现在完成时特殊疑问句，结构：How + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？has changed是现在完成时，强调过去发生变化，对现在造成影响。 ②over the last 20 years固定时间短语，意为 “在过去 20 年里”，是现在完成时标志性时间状语。 ③in one’s hometown固定短语，意为 “在某人的家乡”。 ④例句：—How has your city changed over the last ten years? —It has become more beautiful. — 在过去十年你的城市发生了怎样的变化？— 它变得更加美丽了。 2. Many young people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. 很多年轻人过去常常在大城市打工。现在，他们中更多人回到这里生活和工作。 ①used to do sth.固定结构，表示过去常常做某事（现在不再做），to 后面接动词原形。 ②后半句为现在完成时：have come back，come 的过去分词还是 come，强调动作已经完成，对现在有影响。 ③more of them 他们当中更多的人；come back to do sth.回来做某事。 ④例句：He used to live in the countryside. Now he has come back to work in his hometown. 他过去住在乡下。现在他已经回到家乡工作。 38 3. It took half a day to reach the town. With the new roads, it takes only an hour. 到达镇上要花半天时间。随着新公路的修建，现在只需要一个小时。 重点句子过关 ①本句核心句型：It takes (sb.) + 时间 +to do sth.，it 作形式主语，真正主语是后面不定式 to do。 ②It took…为一般过去时，描述过去耗费时间；it takes…一般现在时，描述现在情况。 ③with the new roads介词 with 表伴随，意为 “随着新公路的修建”。 ④例句：It took me two hours to finish my homework. Now it takes me only one hour. 过去我要花两小时写完作业，现在只需要一小时。 4. Yes, we’ve changed the way we farm. 有的，我们改变了耕种的方式。 ①we’ve changed = we have changed，现在完成时，强调已经发生并带来结果。 ②the way we farm是重点：the way 作先行词，后面定语从句省略引导词 that/in which，完整：the way (that/in which) we farm。 ③farm此处作动词，意为 “务农；耕种”。 ④例句：We have changed the way we study. 我们已经改变了我们的学习方式。 39 5. Wow, the new highway and railway must have helped a lot! 哇，新修的公路和铁路肯定帮了大忙！ 重点句子过关 ①must have +过去分词，情态动词对已经发生的事情做肯定推测，译为 “一定 / 肯定已经……”。 ②主语the new highway and railway是并列主语，视作复数。 ③help a lot固定短语，意为 “帮很大忙；大有帮助”。 ④例句：The book must have helped him a lot. 这本书肯定已经帮了他很多。 6. Our village has become a tourist attraction. 我们村已经成了一个旅游景点。 ①现在完成时：has become，become 过去分词仍为 become，强调变化后的现状。 ②touist attraction固定名词短语，意为 “旅游景点”。 ③become +名词，表示 “成为……”。 ④例句：This small town has become a popular tourist attraction. 这个小镇已经成为一处热门旅游景点。 40 7. Have these changes greatly improved your lives? 这些变化极大地改善了你们的生活吗？ 重点句子过关 ①本句是现在完成时一般疑问句：Have + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他。 ②greatly副词，修饰动词 improved，表示程度 “极大地”。 ③improve one’s lives固定搭配，改善某人的生活，life 表示多人的生活时用复数 lives。 ④例句：Have these new rules improved students’ lives? 这些新规定改善了学生们的生活吗？ 8. Many changes have taken place in the town over the last few years, and the people who live here have become rich. 在过去的几年里，这个小镇发生了很多变化，住在这里的人们都富裕了起来。 ①have taken place现在完成时；take place固定短语，意为 “发生”，无被动语态。 ②over the last few years在过去几年间，现在完成时标志词。 ③who live here是 who 引导的定语从句，先行词 the people 指人，who 在从句中作主语，不可省略。 ④Great changes have taken place in our city over the last few years. 过去几年我们城市发生了巨大变化。 41 9. The railway has also made the transport of food easier. 这条铁路也让食品运输变得更加便捷。 重点句子过关 ①句型：make + 宾语 + 形容词比较级，意为 “使…… 变得更加……”。 ②the transport of food 食品运输；easier是 easy 的比较级。 ③本句时态现在完成时has made，表示已经造成的结果。 ④例句：The Internet has made our life much easier. 互联网让我们的生活变得方便很多。 10. As a result, the lives of local people have improved. 因此，当地人的生活得到了改善。 ①as a result固定短语，放在句首，逗号隔开，意为 “因此；结果”，引出事情带来的后果。 ②the lives of local people当地人的生活，of 所有格，表示所属关系。 ③have improved现在完成时，improve 此处作不及物动词，意为 “改善；变好”。 ④例句：He practiced hard. As a result, he passed the exam. 他努力练习，因此，他通过了考试。 42 06 单元作文过关 43 主题：The Changing World 不断变化的世界 本单元围绕 “今昔对比、生活变迁” 展开交际，写作核心是通过过去与现在的对照，记述个人成长或者家乡社会发生的巨大改变。 两种写作类型： 个人变化短文：对比自己过去和现在的外貌、性格、爱好、学习习惯，写出自身成长，常用第一人称叙事。 家乡社会变迁短文：介绍家乡交通、环境、基础设施、生活条件的今昔不同，体现时代发展。 写作载体形式： ✓对比作文 ✓书信分享 ✓调查报告 ✓演讲稿 写作必备信息点：总述变化→过去的状态（交通 / 环境 / 生活 / 个人习惯）→现在全新面貌→带来的影响→个人感悟评价 思政融入：感受时代发展带来的美好生活，懂得珍惜当下生活，感恩社会发展，体会国家建设带来的民生改善。 写作主题解读 44 单元核心写作句型 1. Great changes have taken place in my hometown. 我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 2. I used to be shy, but now I am outgoing. 我过去很内向，但是现在我很外向。 3. There used to be… 过去曾经有…… 4. How has life changed in your hometown over the last 20 years? 在过去 20 年，你家乡的生活发生了怎样的变化？ 5. It took half a day to reach the town. With the new roads, it takes only an hour. 过去到镇上要花费半天，有了新公路现在只需要一小时。 6. The railway has made the transport of food easier. 铁路让食品运输变得更加便捷。 7. Our village has become a tourist attraction. 我们村庄已经成为一处旅游景点。 8. As a result, the lives of local people have improved. 因此，当地人的生活得到改善。 9. Have these changes greatly improved your lives? 这些变化极大改善了你们的生活吗？。 写作要点 45 写作要点 得分要点 1. 时态：今昔对比两大核心时态；used to do描述过去旧状况；现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词描述已经发生变化带来的现在结果；描述客观现状使用一般现在时。 2. 易混辨析：used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；注意不要混淆结构。 3. take place 用法：表示 “发生”，无被动语态，不能说 be taken place。 4. must have done：对已经发生事情做肯定推测，表 “肯定已经……”。 5. make + 宾语 + 形容词：使某物变得……，形容词作宾语补足语。 6. 定语从句：who 指代人作主语，that/in which 引导 the way 的定语从句，引导词可省略。 7. 行文顺序：总起（总述变化大）→过去情况（used to）→现在现状（现在完成时 / 一般现在时）→结尾感悟，做好今昔对比逻辑。 8. 人称：写个人变化多用第一人称 I；写家乡社会变迁多用第三人称，注意主谓一致。 46 框架 1：变迁主题作文（My Changes / Changes in My Hometown） 开头：总起全文，总述变化巨大 Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the past years. 在过去这些年，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 中间第一段：描写过去的模样（用 used to do / There used to be） In the past, people used to … There used to be … It used to take …to do sth. 过去，人们常常……。过去这里曾经有……。过去做某事要花费……（时间）。 中间第二段：描写如今全新面貌（现在完成时 + 一般现在时） But now, things are quite different. Many things have changed. …has/have become… As a result,… 但是现在一切大不相同。很多事物已经发生改变。…… 已经成为……。因此…… 结尾：抒发感悟，升华主题（珍惜当下、感恩发展） I feel lucky to live such a good life. I hope our world will become better and better. 能够过上这样美好的生活我感到很幸运。我希望我们的世界会变得越来越好。 写作思路 47 写作思路 框架 2：变迁主题作文（My Changes / Changes in My Hometown） 第一段： 开头总起：总述变化大 Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the past few years. 近几年来，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 第二段：主体对比：过去旧面貌 + 如今新面貌 In the past, my hometown used to be poor. The roads were rough and narrow. It took people a long time to travel around. But now, everything is different. The government has built new roads and railways. Our hometown has become more beautiful and convenient. People’s lives have improved a lot. 过去，我的家乡很贫穷。道路崎岖狭窄，人们出行需要花费很长时间。 但现在一切都变了。政府修建了新公路和铁路。家乡变得更加美丽、便利，人们的生活大幅改善。 第三段：结尾感悟：珍惜、感恩、展望未来 I’m proud of these great changes. I hope my hometown will become much better in the future. 我为这些巨大的变化感到自豪。我希望我的家乡未来会变得越来越好。 48 ✓变化总述类：change 改变；improve 改善；develop 发展；great changes 巨大变化；take place 发生；over the last few years 在过去几年里；as a result 因此 ✓交通出行类：railway 铁路；highway 公路；transport 交通；convenient 方便的；rough roads 崎岖道路；cut the travel time 缩短出行时间 ✓环境与基础设施类：village 村庄；town 城镇；tourist attraction 旅游景点；local products 本地特产；hospital 医院；greenhouse 温室；fresh food 新鲜食物 ✓人物生活类：benefit from 从…… 获益；greatly improve one’s lives 极大改善某人生活；become rich 变得富裕；make business deals 达成商业交易；come back 回来；local people 当地人 ✓核心句型短语：used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事；make …+adj. 使…… 变得；be able to do 能够做某事；work together 合作 ✓定语从句 & 推测类：must have done 肯定已经；the way we farm 我们耕种的方式；the people who live here 住在这里的人们 ✓对比过渡类：however 然而；but 但是；in the past 在过去；now 现在；compared with 与…… 相比 词汇运用 49 改革开放以来，中国从开启新时期到跨入新世纪，从站上新起点到进入新时代，人民生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。请你以“Changes in People’s Lives”为题，用英语写一篇发言稿，谈谈新时代人们的生活变化。 内容包括：1. 饮食习惯；2. 休闲活动；3. 对阅读和旅游的看法。 参考词汇：entertainment (n. 娱乐), gain (v. 获得), reform and opening-up (改革开放) Changes in People’s Lives Hello, everybody! Today I’d like to say something about people’s lives in the new era. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作例题 确定文体：发言稿，议论文，以一般现在时、现在完成时为主 明确要点：①饮食习惯；②休闲活动；③对阅读和旅游的看法 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：词数约80词，不得透露真实姓名及学校名称    三段式结构： 开头段：使用题目给出的开头句，引出话题，点明新时代生活发生巨大变化 主体段：分别介绍饮食习惯、休闲活动，阐述对阅读和旅游的看法 结尾段：总结感受，收尾致谢    50 Changes in People’s Lives Hello, everybody! Today I’d like to say something about people’s lives in the new era. Since the reform and opening-up, great changes have taken place in our daily life. Firstly, people’s eating habits have become healthier. They pay more attention to a balanced diet with fresh vegetables and fruits. Secondly, people can spend more time and money on sports, education and entertainment. People’s lives become more colorful. Lastly, reading and traveling are now considered to be important ways to relax and gain knowledge. Many people enjoy reading e-books and taking trips during holidays. These changes show that people’s lives are becoming more colorful. Thank you! 写作例题 要点一：饮食习惯 eating habits/balanced diet/fresh vegetables and fruitshealthy/nutritious/keep fit/take in等 要点二：休闲活动 sports/education/entertainment/colorful/spare time/relax oneself/develop hobbies/take exercise等    要点三：对阅读和旅游的看法 relax/gain knowledge/read e‑books/take trips/holidays/open up one’s eyes/learn about the world/enrich one’s life等 51 九年级英语 Unit 1 The Changing World 单元知识点过关 52 ɯÀò»¨Ô° Green Trail ŲÍþÒôÀÖÖ®Âà Other 224118.55 chi - $