Unit 1 The Changing World 单元知识点过关（精练）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

**基本信息** 以“变化”主题为核心，融合词汇、语法、语篇与写作的渐进式过关训练，通过四步法写作指导提升语言综合运用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |书面表达|1篇写作+四步法指导|四步法（审题→布局→句型运用→连句成篇）|从词汇语法基础（单词拼写、单选）到语篇理解（完形、阅读），最终落脚写作输出，形成“变化”主题的语言能力闭环，培养思维品质与学习能力。|

Unit1 The Changing World 单元知识点过关练 一、单词拼写 1．The mountains are ________ (被……覆盖) with white snow all winter. 2．Many people feel s________ (满意的) with the new living conditions. 3．The c________ (交流) between family members becomes easier with smartphones. 4．The old road was very r________ (崎岖的), so it was difficult to drive on. 5．Beijing is the c________ (首都) of China and has many famous attractions. 6．My brother is studying at a j________ (初级的) high school in our town. 7．Some volunteers often help the old people tidy their f________ (公寓) at weekends. 8．The company hopes its p________ (产品) will be successful in the Chinese market. 9．The development of high-speed r________ (铁路) has made travel easier. 10．Making a small difference every day can l________ (带领) to great changes over time. 11．The roads here used to be n________ (狭窄的), but now they are wide and clean. 12．Young people love reading d________ (电子的) books on pads instead of paper ones. 13．After the heavy wind, there is much d________ (尘土) on the windows. 14．The temperature in these g________ (温室) is always above 25°C to make the vegetables grow well. 15．Shortage of sleep l________ him to feel weak all day last week. (导致) 16．Tom ________ (visit) the science museum every month when he was in Beijing. 17．My classmate Susan ________ (drop) the novel she was reading on the desk and looked out of the window. 18．Susan ________ (join) the club two weeks ago. 19．In recent years, people’s sense of self-protection ________ (increase) greatly. 20．They ________ (finish) their homework ten minutes ago. 21．My family used to live in a small flat, but now we ________ (move) to a larger one. 22．The village has changed ________ in recent years (great) 23．These new roads are much ________ than the old ones. (wide) 24．The government has built many bridges and ________ (tunnel) 25．People can travel between cities with ________ (easy). 26．The railway has brought many new ________ to the village. (opportunity) 27．I am glad that I get to see my grandma every day, and she is ________ (happy) than before. 28．My life ________ (change) a lot since I entered junior high school. 29．Now, I often ________ (take) part in group discussions. 30．The development of AI ________ (bring) about many changes in the job market so far. 二、单项选择 31．—What a wonderful car! When ________ you ________ it? —I ________ it for two years. A．did; buy; bought B．did; buy; have had C．have; bought; bought D．have;buy;had 32．Now, more young people ________ back to live and work in the village. A．come B．came C．have come D．were coming 33．—How long is the new Mombasa-Nairobi railway? —It’s a ________ railway. A．480-kilometer B．480-kilometers C．480 kilometer D．480 kilometers 34．My family ________ to a much larger flat since last year. A．move B．moved C．have moved D．were moving 35．The government is solving the ________ problem for young people. A．housing B．farming C．planting D．reading 36．Our village has become a tourist ________. A．product B．attraction C．transport D．housing 37．I have become more ________ in my studies. A．confident B．creative C．convenient D．digital 38．The road used to be ________ and dirty. Now it is clean and ________. A．narrow; wide B．wide; narrow C．narrow; narrow D．wide; wide 39．The story of Saihanba is a ________. A．product B．support C．miracle D．link 40．My life ________ in many ways since I entered junior high school. A．changes B．changed C．has changed D．was changing 41．This is a ________ forest. It was created by people. A．man-made B．natural C．green D．wide 42．I ________ to walk to school with my parents when I was in primary school. A．use B．used C．was used D．have used 43．Before the new railway was built, the only transport ________ between Mombasa and Nairobi were rough roads and an old railway line. A．link B．links C．linking D．linked 44．—Where is Mr. Wang? —He ________ the library. He’ll be back in an hour. A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been in D．went to 45．People ________ hundreds of lorries to carry food between the two cities in the past. A．use B．are using C．used D．have used 46．Great changes ________ in my hometown over the past ten years. A．took place B．have taken place C．take place D．will take place 47．Local people have got lots of ________ from the new railway since it opened. A．benefit B．benefits C．benefiting D．benefited 48．The new railway is very ________ for passengers and businessmen to travel on time. A．rough B．convenient C．narrow D．sandy 49．It’s important for us ________ the environment from pollution. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected 50．The new train carries over two million ________ every year. A．passenger B．passengers C．lorry D．lorries 三、翻译 51．对……方便的 ____________ 52．以……为食____________ 53．搬家到…… ____________ 54．零度以下 ____________ 55．一组，一群 ____________ 56．被誉为 ____________ 57．齐心协力 ____________ 58．被……盖住 ____________ 59．来自……的帮助 ____________ 60．人工森林 ____________ 61．决定去做…… ____________ 62．改善环境 ____________ 63．村民 __________ 64．带领；过（生活）__________ 65．人造的 __________ 66．奇迹 __________ 67．狭窄的 __________ 68．产品 __________ 69．大大地 __________ 70．住房；住宅 __________ 71．数字的 __________ 72．宽的；宽阔的 __________ 73．因此；结果 __________ 74．被……覆盖 __________ 75．过(某种生活)__________ 76．轻而易举地 __________ 77．发生 __________ 四、选词填空 从方框中选词填空，必要时变形 housing, epayment, narrow, wide, digital 78．The road used to be and dirty. Now, it is clean and . 79． is very popular in China now. People don’t use cash often. 80．The government is trying to solve the problem for young people. 81．I like to read books on my computer. 根据句意，选择方框中的单词并用其适当形式填空。每词限用一次。 narrow, junior, miracle, flat, aspect 82．Are you still teaching at the high school? 83．The gate is too for a car, so the driver has to park the car outside. 84．Climate and weather affect every of our lives. 85．She is planning to buy a close to her company. 86．For the patient, even a simple thing like smiling is just a . bring about, bring out, bring back, bring in, bring up 87．My best friend the best in me when I was in low spirits. 88．We decided to an expert to solve this problem. 89．Although the couple were poor, they their son with their love and care. 90．Moving to a new city may great changes in your life. 91．The smell of fresh bread memories of my grandmother’s kitchen. 从词汇框中选择合适的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。 sandstorm  bush  root  railway soil  tunnel  highway  digital  audio  support  housing  products through 92．A can make the air full of sand and dust. 93．People plant in sandy areas to help protect the land. 94．The of plants can hold the soil together. 95．Good is important for plants to grow. 96．A carries trains from one place to another. 97．The car went the tunnel. 98．A is a large road connecting cities and towns. 99．I like reading books on my phone. 100．My grandfather likes listening to books. 101．With the government’s , the village has changed a lot. 102．Better gives people more comfortable places to live. 103．Farmers can sell their online. 从方框中选择合适的词并用其适当形式填空 sandy  support  cover  greatly  housing  railway  government  shortage 104．Because of sandstorms, the roads in his hometown were with sand. 105．Many people can’t take a bath regularly because of the of water. 106．The lack of plants has led to the soil becoming increasingly . 107．The living conditions in his hometown have improved over the years. 108．With the help of the , the villagers have started planting trees. 109．The development of has brought new opportunities to the villagers. 110．New projects have provided better homes for many families in their city. 111．They need more to make their hometown a better place to live in. 五、完形填空 The smell of smoking may soon be gone from the streets of Spain. On Sept 9, the Spanish 112 passed a plan for a new anti-smoking law. This law may be stricter than before, banning smoking not only indoors, but also in many outdoor public places. If the law takes effect, people will not be able to smoke in sports centers, bus stops and schools. E-cigarettes and heated tobacco 113 will also be banned in these places. What’s more, ads for these products will not be allowed. If people break the law, they will have to pay between 100 euros and 600,000 euros. “We’ll always put public health ahead of private interests,” Spain’s Health Minister said. “Everyone has the right to breathe clean air.” According to the ministry, each year, over 50,000 people in Spain die from smoking-related problems. However, many restaurant and bar 114 do not like the plan. They say smoking is part of Spain’s outdoor dining culture. Some are worried that it may harm tourism. Spain’s plan is similar to what France did. Other countries are also making new rules. The UK has started a plan to stop selling cigarettes to anyone aged 14 or younger. It hopes to 115 a “smoke-free generation”. These laws will 116 many people. They can 117 better public health. People can enjoy a very 118 environment. The new rules can also 119 people to form healthier habits. Most people will be 120 the clean air. Some people used to live in a 121 environment because of smoke. Now things are becoming better. The new rules can 122 the gap between public health and personal interests. Many people think it is a 123 that health is getting more attention. The 124 between countries on health rules is strong. These rules will 125 improve people’s quality of life. It is important for everyone to enjoy fresh air. These changes will improve many good 126 of our lives. 112．A．village B．government C．capital D．boss 113．A．products B．traditions C．shortages D．lacks 114．A．aspects B．managers C．villagers D．roots 115．A．lead B．cover C．link D．create 116．A．benefit B．support C．lose D．shock 117．A．find out B．put away C．bring about D．move to 118．A．junior B．fresh C．rough D．wide 119．A．lead B．stop C．discuss D．conclude 120．A．strict with B．different from C．happy with D．angry about 121．A．digital B．green C．clear D．dirty 122．A．narrow B．wide C．lead D．benefit 123．A．conclusion B．dream C．miracle D．chance 124．A．link B．highway C．railway D．greenhouse 125．A．only B．really C．greatly D．just 126．A．aspects B．cultures C．storms D．flat 六、阅读理解 Changes in a Village Ten years ago, Green Valley was a quiet village. Most roads were just dirt tracks. Some roads were rough and narrow, so people found it difficult to travel. Farmers also had trouble taking their products to nearby towns. Later, the government gave the village support. Wide roads were built, and a new highway connected the village with the nearest city. A railway was also completed. Bridges and tunnels made travel easier. Today, villagers can travel between places with ease. The village has changed in other ways, too. Some farmers use high-tech greenhouses. They sell local products online and receive e-payment. There is also better housing for villagers. These changes have made life more convenient and have brought new opportunities for local business. The villagers are happy with the changes. They believe that better transportation and technology can bring about a better life. 127．What were many roads like ten years ago? A．Wide and smooth. B．Rough and narrow. C．New and clean. D．High-tech and modern. 128．Why was it difficult for farmers to take products to nearby towns? A．The products were too expensive. B．The village had no farmers. C．The roads were not good. D．The towns were too small. 129．What helped make travel easier? A．Only new houses. B．Bridges, tunnels and better roads. C．More books. D．More sandstorms. 130．How do some farmers sell local products today? A．By radio. B．Through a railway. C．Online. D．At a port. 131．What is the main idea of the passage? A．A village has changed and people’s lives have improved. B．Farmers should stop growing crops. C．Railways are better than all roads. D．Villages do not need technology. Ways to live and learn things have greatly changed in the past forty years. In the past, most people got information by reading newspapers. But it was not sufficient for people to find the information they were looking for. During that time, most people didn’t have the chance or need to go to the libraries. Since they didn’t have enough money, they hardly spent it on books. Later people began to listen to the radio or watch TV shows for relaxing in their spare time. Nowadays, it is easy and interesting to learn new things on the Internet. You can study topics for schoolwork. You can also search for information just for your interests. If you want to learn something about space, you could search for the pictures of space on your computer. You could also read e-books and free academic papers (学术论文) about it. You could even watch videos taken from the space station! And most people spend hours on their phones today. They play games, pay for things, watch videos and so on. People now live a more colourful life than before because of the fast-developing technologies. But at the same time, they are exposed (暴露) to more dangers and potential (潜在的) problems. 132．What does the underlined word “sufficient” mean in the second paragraph? A．Various. B．Enough. C．Relative. D．Large. 133．Which of the following cannot explain why people in the past read few books? A．They didn’t have the need. B．They couldn’t get the chance. C．They liked listening to the radio. D．They didn’t have enough money. 134．How does the writer feel about the fast-developing technologies? A．Worried. B．Unhappy. C．Excited. D．Careless. 135．What is the best title for the text? A．The Poor People in the 1980s B．Do We Really Need Technologies? C．What Has the Internet Brought Us? D．The Changes in Living and Learning Ways In 2050, China will be much richer than it is now. Shanghai will be ready for the 40th Olympic Games in 2052. The sky will be bluer and the air will be cleaner. There will be more pandas living happily in China. Li Ming A holiday on the moon will not be a dream. We can also travel to other planets and talk with aliens. We might eat something like pills instead of today’s meals. Everyone will enjoy a longer life. Liu Yuan Robots will be very popular. They’ll do what people don’t want to do. We’ll build new homes on other planets. By then, I’ll be over fifty years old. Maybe I’ll have an exciting talk with my friends in my new home on another planet! Sun Wei By the year 2050, cloning (克隆) will be used in many ways. It will bring back animals that disappeared many years ago. The whole world will be a big family. We’ll live a much easier and better life. Zhang Lan 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 136．Who thinks that people can spend their holidays on the moon in the future? A．Sun Wei. B．Li Ming. C．Liu Yuan. 137．What does Sun Wei think robots will do in the future? A．They’ll do things people dislike doing. B．They’ll talk to people anytime. C．They will teach the students difficult things. 138．What does Zhang Lan think will happen by the year 2050? A．Many animals will disappear. B．Cloning will be used in many ways. C．We’ll live on other planets. 139．Which city will host the 40th Olympic Games according to the text? A．Beijing. B．Shanghai. C．Nanning. 140．What are the four students talking about? A．Environment. B．Traveling. C．Future life. China is changing and developing very quickly. Many young people from home and abroad are talking about the changes. The following are some opinions. This is my first year in college, and I am Chinese. I’m very proud of China’s development. When I finish my courses in Canada, I will go back to China and start a business. I hope I can do something for my country. —Carmon, Toronto I’m a middle school student. My hometown used to be very poor, but it has changed a lot. Most people in my hometown have a better life and some have cars now. But I’m a little worried because of the rubbish by the river. —Zhou Li, Guangxi I spent two years studying in Beijing in the 1990s, and I recently went back for a holiday. I couldn’t believe the changes that had taken place in such a short time. And I admire Chinese people for their wish to succeed and their family values. I think these are very important in China’s development process. —Jackson, Oxford 141．What is Carmon doing in Toronto now? A．Studying in a college. B．Working as a teacher. C．Developing his business. 142．How does Zhou Li feel about the environment in her hometown? A．Proud. B．Worried. C．Sad. 143．What can we learn from the text? A．Carmon doesn’t want to start a business. B．Jackson dislikes Chinese family values. C．China is developing very fast now. 144．Why did Jackson go back to Beijing? A．To go to college. B．To go on vacation. C．To live a better life. 145．Where may this text be from? A．A magazine. B．A textbook. C．An app. Shashiyu was once a poor village in Hebei Province, but now it has changed into a rich and livable place. In the 1940s, villagers in Shashiyu had little food and few clothes, but they had a strong wish for a better life. Zhang Guishun, the Party secretary (党委书记) of Shashiyu, encouraged the villagers to do their best to pull themselves out of poverty (贫穷). “In the ancient Chinese story, Yu Gong could move mountains with his strong will and hard work. Why can’t we? Nobody was born to be poor!” Hearing his words, the villagers decided to make a difference. Led by the Communist Party of China, the villagers carried water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land. From 1966 to 1971, they reclaimed (开垦) lots of land and greatly improved their life. However, the village faced a new problem two decades later as the environment became heavily polluted. The polluting factories were shut down in 2004, and the villagers started to grow grapes. They soon became a main industry in Shashiyu. In 2009, the city-level government invested (投资) over 1 million yuan to change the village’s exhibition hall into a museum in memory of the development efforts made by earlier generations. After 10 years, the village was called “National Forest Village”. Zhang said that the village started a yearly tourism festival in 2015 to attract travelers to pick grapes. “The grapes can be sold at a better price once Shashiyu becomes famous through this festival. Our villagers can then live an even better life,” he said. 146．Why did Zhang Guishun use the story of Yu Gong to encourage the villagers? A．Because Yu Gong had a strong will and worked hard. B．Because Yu Gong was born poor too. C．Because Yu Gong became rich at last. 147．Which word can be used to describe the villagers? A．Hard-working. B．Lazy. C．Kind-hearted. 148．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Factories. B．Grapes. C．Villagers. 149．When was Shashiyu called “National Forest Village”? A．In 2004. B．In 2009. C．In 2019. 150．What is the passage mainly about? A．The environmental problems and solutions in Shashiyu. B．How the villagers of Shashiyu worked hard to build a better life. C．The contributions of Zhang Guishun to the development of Shashiyu. 七、书面表达 祖国在腾飞，家乡在改变，百年风雨，百年辉煌。近来，校园报社的《学习强国》栏目正在举办主题为“家乡巨变”的征文比赛。请以“The Changes in My Hometown”为题，根据以下要点和要求，写一篇英语短文投稿。内容包括： 1. 你的家乡过去是什么样的； 2. 你的家乡有了哪些变化； 3. 你对家乡的变化有什么感受。 注意： 1. 词数为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 The Changes in My Hometown ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 四步法写作 151．第一步：仔细审题 ①文体：本文介绍家乡的变化及自己的感受，是一篇 ________ ②人称：以第 ________ 和第 ________ 人称为主 ③时态：介绍家乡过去的样子用 ____________；介绍自己的感受及家乡的变化用 ____________ 及 ____________ 152．第二步：篇章布局 Beginning：家乡的变化 Body：介绍 ________________、________________ Ending：对家乡变化的感受 153．第三步：教材句型运用 1) My home has changed too. (选自Section B 3a) 仿写：在最近几年，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 _________________________________________________ 2) My family used to live in a small flat, but now we have moved to a much larger one. (选自Section B 3a) 仿写：我的家乡过去是一个古老而贫穷的城市，那里的河流浑浊，到处都是垃圾。 _________________________________________________ 3) Now great changes have taken place. (选自Grammar Focus 4c) 仿写：随着社会的发展，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 _________________________________________________ 4) Together you are building a new socialist village. (选自Section A 3a) 仿写：我为家乡的变化感到自豪。我们正在共同建设一个越来越美丽的城市。 _________________________________________________ 154．第四步：连句成篇 The Changes in My Hometown________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 B C A C A B A A C C 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 A B B B C B B B C B 题号 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 答案 B A B D A C B A C D 题号 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 答案 A C A C A B C B C A 题号 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 答案 B C A D C A B B C A 题号 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 答案 B C B C A A B C B 1．covered/overed 【详解】句意：整个冬天群山都被白雪覆盖。根据中文提示“被……覆盖”，主语mountains与cover为被动关系，固定短语be covered with意为“被……覆盖”，故填过去分词covered。 2．satisfied/atisfied 【详解】句意：许多人对新的生活条件感到满意。空格前系动词“feel”后接形容词作表语，结合中文“满意的”，首字母s对应形容词satisfied，固定搭配feel satisfied with意为“对……感到满意”。 3．communication/ommunication 【详解】句意：有了智能手机，家庭成员之间的交流变得更加容易。本句缺少主语，需要使用名词，“交流”对应名词communication，为不可数名词。 4．rough/ough 【详解】句意：这条旧路非常崎岖，所以在上面开车很困难。括号内中文提示“崎岖的”对应形容词rough，符合首字母r的提示，空格前有副词very，后面使用形容词作表语。 5．capital/apital 【详解】句意：北京是中国的首都，有许多著名景点。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，capital符合要求。此处指北京，应用capital的单数形式。 6．junior/unior 【详解】句意：我哥哥在我们镇上的一所初中学习。根据中文提示“初级的”和首字母j，形容词junior修饰high school，指初中，符合语境。故填junior。 7．flats/lats 【详解】句意：一些志愿者经常在周末帮助老人打扫他们的公寓。“公寓”可译为flat，为可数名词。句中表示老人们各自的公寓，要用可数名词复数形式flats，结合首字母f提示，flats符合语境。 8．products/roducts 【详解】句意：这家公司希望其产品能在中国市场取得成功。“产品”可译为product，为可数名词，泛指产品时常用复数形式products，结合首字母p提示，products符合语境。 9．railways/ailways 【详解】句意：高速铁路的发展使出行更加便捷。“铁路”可译为railway，为可数名词。此处表示高铁这一类交通线路，应用复数形式railways表示泛指，结合首字母r提示，railways符合语境。 10．lead/ead 【详解】句意：每天做出小小的改变，久而久之就会带来巨大的变化。中文提示“带领”，首字母“l”，固定短语：lead to意为“导致；带来；引起”，情态动词“can”后面接动词原形，所以填lead。 11．narrow/arrow 【详解】句意：这里的路过去很窄，但现在很宽很干净。根据首字母以及汉语“狭窄的”可知，narrow“狭窄的”，形容词，在句中作表语。 12．digital/igital 【详解】句意：年轻人喜欢在平板电脑上阅读电子书，而不是纸质书。根据首字母d提示，空处应填digital“电子的”，形容词作定语修饰名词books。 13．dust/ust 【详解】句意：大风过后，窗户上有很多尘土。根据首字母d和汉语“尘土”提示，表示“尘土”的单词是dust，much 只能修饰不可数名词dust，意为“尘土，灰尘”，是不可数名词。 14．greenhouses/reenhouses 【详解】句意：这些温室里面的温度总是高于25摄氏度，用来让蔬菜良好生长。括号内中文提示“温室”对应名词greenhouse，符合首字母g的提示；指示代词these表示多个，后面的可数名词需要变为复数形式greenhouses。 15．led/ed 【详解】句意：上周睡眠不足，导致他一整天都很虚弱。根据首字母和中文提示可知，lead“导致”，动词作谓语，lead sb. to do sth.“致使某人做某事”。“last week”说明句子时态是一般过去时，需要用动词过去式，故填led。 16．visited 【详解】句意：汤姆在北京的时候每个月都参观科学博物馆。句中“when he was in Beijing”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。visit的过去式直接加ed。 17．dropped 【详解】句意：我的同学苏珊把她正在读的小说丢在桌子上，望向窗外。“and”连接并列谓语，后面“looked”是过去式，因此drop也需用过去式dropped。 18．joined 【详解】句意：苏珊两周前加入了这个俱乐部。句中“two weeks ago”是一般过去时的时间标志，表示两周前发生的动作，谓语动词join要使用过去式joined，因此填joined。 19．has increased 【详解】句意：近年来，人们的自我保护意识大大增强。时间状语“In recent years”提示，时态用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语“people’s sense of self-protection”是单数，助动词用has，increase的过去分词为increased，故填has increased。 20．finished 【详解】句意：他们十分钟前完成了作业。根据“ten minutes ago”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词finish“结束；完成”用过去式finished。 21．have moved 【详解】句意：我家过去住小公寓，但现在我们搬到了一个更大的。强调“已经搬了”并对现在有影响(现在住在大公寓)，用现在完成时（have+过去分词）。故填have moved。 22．greatly 【详解】句意：这个村庄近年来发生了巨大的变化。句中“changed”为动词，要用副词修饰动词。great是形容词，译为“巨大的”，副词形式在词尾加-ly，故填greatly。 23．wider 【详解】句意：这些新马路比旧马路宽得多。句中“than”是比较级的标志词，much可以修饰形容词比较级，wide的比较级为wider，故填wider。 24．tunnels 【详解】句意：政府修建了许多桥梁和隧道。句中many表示“许多”，后接可数名词复数，and并列连接bridges，前后名词形式要保持一致。tunnel是可数名词，复数形式直接加s，故填tunnels。 25．ease 【详解】句意：人们可以轻松地在城市之间旅行。句中介词with后面需要接名词作宾语，easy是形容词，它对应的名词形式是ease；固定搭配with ease意为“轻松地、毫不费力地”，故填ease。 26．opportunities 【详解】句意：这条铁路给村庄带来了许多新机会。“many”后面需要接可数名词复数。opportunity的复数形式为opportunities，故填opportunities。 27．happier 【详解】句意：我很高兴我每天都能见到奶奶，她比以前更开心了。句中出现比较级标志词“than”，表示两者对比，形容词要使用比较级形式。happy是以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，变比较级需要把y改为i，再加er，故填happier。 28．has changed 【详解】句意：我的生活自从我进入初中以来，改变了很多。根据句中的时间状语“since I entered junior high school”，这是现在完成时的典型标志，其结构为“have/has + 动词的过去分词”。主语“My life”是第三人称单数，助动词应用“has”，动词“change”的过去分词是“changed”，故此处应填“has changed”。 29．take 【详解】句意：现在我经常参加小组讨论。句中“often”为一般现在时标志词，主语“I”为第一人称，动词用原形，故填take。 30．has brought 【详解】句意：人工智能的发展到目前为止已经在就业市场带来了许多变化。该空位于主语之后，需填动词作谓语，时间状语“so far”提示用现在完成时，主语为单数，因此用has brought。 31．B 【详解】句意：——多棒的一辆车啊！你什么时候买的？——我已经拥有它两年了。 第一句是由When“什么时候”引导的特殊疑问句，询问过去的动作发生的具体时间，时态用一般过去时，谓语动词是实义动词buy“买”，构成问句要借助助动词did，助动词did后，实义动词用原形buy，排除选项C和D；第二句的时间状语是for two years，时态应用现在完成时，且谓语动词需用延续性动词，buy是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，需转换为have，现在完成时结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语是I“我”，助动词用have，have的过去分词是had，排除选项A。 32．C 【详解】句意：现在更多的年轻人回到了村子里生活和工作。 句子表示从过去到现在已有越来越多年轻人返回农村，强调对现在造成的影响（即目前已有更多人生活和工作在村里），故用现在完成时。应填have come。 33．A 【详解】句意：——新的蒙巴萨—内罗毕铁路有多长？——它是一条480公里长的铁路。 当数词与名词组合构成复合形容词作定语修饰名词时，名词需用单数形式，且中间用连字符连接。此处修饰railway，应填480-kilometer。 34．C 【详解】句意：自从去年以来，我们家搬到了一个更大的公寓。 “since last year”为现在完成时标志，表示从去年持续到现在的动作；主语“My family”指“家庭成员”，看作复数，应填have moved。 35．A 【详解】句意：政府正在为年轻人解决住房问题。 housing住房；farming农业；planting种植；reading阅读。“housing problem”意为“住房问题”，符合政府为年轻人解决民生问题的语境。 36．B 【详解】我们村变成了一个旅游景点。 product产品；attraction吸引物，胜地；transport交通；housing住房。根据句意“我们的村庄已经成为了一个旅游……”及常识可知，此处指村庄变成了吸引游客的地方，固定搭配tourist attraction意为“旅游胜地/旅游景点”，符合语境。故选B。 37．A 【详解】句意：我在学习上已经变得更加自信。   confident自信的，be/become confident in表示“在……方面自信”；creative有创造力的，常用搭配be creative with；convenient方便的，主语一般是事物；digital数字的，多用于修饰物品。根据主语“I”和“in my studies”可知，confident在语义和语法上都符合。应填confident。 38．A 【详解】句意：这条路过去又窄又脏，现在它又干净又宽阔。 narrow意为“狭窄的”，wide意为“宽阔的”。题目中“used to”和“Now”体现了过去与现在的对比，前半句描述过去的路，与“dirty”并列的负面形容词是“narrow”；后半句描述现在的路，与“clean”并列的正面形容词是“wide”，符合语境逻辑。 39．C 【详解】句意：塞罕坝的故事是一个奇迹。 product意为“产品”，support意为“支持”，miracle意为“奇迹”，link意为“联系”。结合塞罕坝从荒漠变为绿洲的历史，这是一项在生态建设领域创造的奇迹，应填miracle。 40．C 【详解】句意：自从我上初中以来，我的生活在很多方面发生了改变。   since引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句要使用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“my life”是单数，助动词选用has，change的过去分词为changed。应填has changed。 41．A 【详解】句意：这是一片人造森林。它是由人们创造的。 man-made人造的；natural自然的；green绿色的；wide宽的。根据“It was created by people.”可知，这片森林是人造的，应填man-made。 42．B 【详解】句意：我上小学时常常和我的父母一起步行上学。 根据“when I was in primary school”可知，表示过去习惯，应用used to；used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”。 43．B 【详解】句意：在新铁路建成之前，蒙巴萨和内罗毕之间仅有的交通连接方式只有崎岖的公路和一条旧铁路线。 link连接（动词）；links连接（名词）；linking现在分词/动名词；linked过去式。根据“the only transport … between Mombasa and Nairobi ”是主语可知，所填词为名词，links符合语境；transport links是固定表达，意为“交通线路，交通连接方式”，复数形式对应后面的“崎岖的公路和一条旧铁路线”两种交通方式。 44．B 【详解】句意：——王先生在哪里？——他去了图书馆。他一小时后回来。 has been to表示“曾经去过某地现在已经回来了”；has gone to表示“去了某地还没回来”；has been in表示“在某地待了多长时间”；went to是一般过去时。根据问句“Where is Mr. Wang?”以及答语“He’ll be back in an hour.”可知，王先生现在不在这里，去了图书馆还没回来，应填has gone to。 45．C 【详解】句意：过去人们使用了数百辆卡车在这两座城市之间运送食物。 根据时间状语“in the past”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。应填used。 46．B 【详解】句意：在过去十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 时间状语“over the past ten years”意为“在过去十年里”，是现在完成时的标志词，结构为“have/has+ 过去分词”。主语changes为复数，助动词用have。应填have taken place。 47．B 【详解】句意：自从新铁路开通以来，当地居民从中获得了很多好处。 lots of意为“许多”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。此处指具体多方面的好处，应用复数形式benefits。 48．B 【详解】句意：这条新铁路对于乘客和商人准时出行非常便利。 rough粗糙的；convenient方便的；narrow狭窄的；sandy多沙的。根据“for passengers and businessmen to travel on time”可知是为了准时出行，推测出铁路是便利的。故选B。 49．C 【详解】句意：保护环境免受污染对我们来说很重要。 protect保护（动词原形）；protecting保护（现在分词/动名词）；to protect保护（动词不定式）；protected保护（过去式/过去分词）。根据固定句型“It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”可知，it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故选C。 50．B 【详解】句意：这辆新火车每年运送超过两百万乘客。 passenger乘客（单数）；passengers乘客（复数）；lorry卡车（单数）；lorries卡车（复数）。根据“two million”可知后面接可数名词复数形式，排除A、C；结合常识火车主要运送乘客。故选B。 51．be convenient for 52．feed on 53．move to 54．below freezing 55．a group of 56．be known as 57．work together 58．be covered with 59．with support from 60．man-made forest 61．decide to do 62．improve the environment 【解析】略 63．villager 64．lead 65．manmade 66．miracle 67．narrow 68．product 69．greatly 70．housing 71．digital 72．wide 【解析】略 73．as a result 74．be covered with 75．lead a life 76．with ease 77．take place 【解析】略 78． narrow wide 79．Epayment 80．housing 81．digital 【详解】78．句意：这条路过去又窄又脏，现在它又干净又宽。根据“used to be”可知，第一空描述的是过去的状态。“and”连接两个并列的形容词，后一个形容词是“dirty”，说明空格处也需要一个表示负面状况的词。narrow意为“狭窄的”，符合语境。根据“Now”可知，第二空描述的是现在的状态。“and”连接两个并列的形容词，前一个形容词是“clean”，说明空格处也需要一个表示正面状况的词。wide意为“宽阔的”，符合语境。 79．句意：电子支付在中国现在非常流行。根据后文“People don’t use cash often”可知，人们不常用现金，说明流行的是非现金支付方式。e-payment意为“电子支付”，是不可数名词，在句中作主语。在句首，首字母大写。 80．句意：政府正在努力解决年轻人的住房问题。根据句意，政府需要解决的是与年轻人生活密切相关的社会问题。housing意为“住房”，housing problem表示“住房问题”，符合句意。 81．句意：我喜欢在电脑上读电子书。根据句意，在电脑上阅读的书籍是数字化的。digital意为“数字的，电子的”，digital books表示“电子书”，符合句意。 82．junior 83．narrow 84．aspect 85．flat 86．miracle 【详解】82．句意：你还在那所初中教书吗？ 根据“teaching”可知，是在学校教书，根据语境提示，junior high school固定搭配，意为“初中”。 83．句意：这个大门太窄，汽车过不去，所以司机不得不把车停在外面。根据“has to park the car outside”，是因为门太窄了，车不得不停在外面，too+形容词，narrow“狭窄的”，形容词，作表语。 84．句意：气候和天气影响我们生活的方方面面。气候和天气影响到的是我们生活的方方面面，aspect“方面”，every后接单数名词；every aspect of…“……的各个方面”。 85．句意：她计划在公司附近买一套公寓。 a后面接单数名词，“buy a…”表示“买一套公寓”，flat“公寓”，符合语境。 86．句意：对这位病人来说，就连微笑这样简单的事都算是一个奇迹。a后面接单数名词， 对于“patient”来说，微笑很难，就像奇迹，miracle名词，表示“奇迹”。 87．brought out 88．bring in 89．brought up 90．bring about 91．brought back 【详解】87．句意：当我情绪低落的时候，我最好的朋友激发出了我最好的一面。根据“My best friend ____ the best in me when I was in low spirits.”及备选词汇可知，这里指朋友激发出我最好的一面；bring out表示“使显现，激发出”，是动词短语；根据从句中was可知时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填brought out。 88．句意：我们决定请来一位专家来解决这个问题。根据“We decided to ____ an expert to solve this problem.”及备选词汇可知，这里指请来专家；bring in表示“请来，引进”，是动词短语；decide to do sth.为固定搭配，to后接动词原形。故填bring in。 89．句意：尽管这对夫妇很贫穷，他们用爱与关怀抚养儿子。根据“Although the couple were poor, they ____ their son with their love and care.”及备选词汇可知，这里指抚养孩子；bring up表示“抚养，养育”，是动词短语；句中were为一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式。故填brought up。 90．句意：搬到一座新城市可能会给你的生活带来巨大的改变。根据“Moving to a new city may ____ great changes in your life.”及备选词汇可知，这里指引起、带来改变；bring about表示“引起，导致”，是动词短语；情态动词may后面接动词原形。故填bring about。 91．句意：新鲜面包的气味唤起了我对奶奶厨房的回忆。根据“The smell of fresh bread ____ memories of my grandmother’s kitchen.”及备选词汇可知，这里指唤起回忆；bring back表示“使回想起，唤起”，是动词短语；句子描述过去的感受，时态用一般过去时。故填brought back。 92．sandstorm 93．bushes 94．roots 95．soil 96．railway 97．through 98．highway 99．digital 100．audio 101．support 102．housing 103．products 【详解】92．句意：沙尘暴会使空气中充满沙子和尘土。此处需要一个名词作主语，表示一种天气现象。根据“make the air full of sand and dust”可知，描述的是“沙尘暴”，所以选择sandstorm，A表明此处用单数形式。 93．句意：人们在多沙地区种植灌木来帮助保护土地。此处需要一个名词复数作宾语，表示种植的植物类型。根据“in sandy areas to help protect the land”可知，种植的是“灌木丛”，且表示泛指多种植物，应用复数形式，所以选择“bush”的复数形式bushes。 94．句意：植物的根可以把土壤固定在一起。此处需要一个名词作主语，表示植物的一部分。根据“can hold the soil together”可知，能固定土壤的是“根”，所以选择root，此处用复数形式roots。 95．句意：好的土壤对植物生长很重要。此处需要一个名词作主语，表示植物生长的介质。根据“is important for plants to grow”可知，对植物生长重要的是“土壤”，所以选择soil。 96．句意：铁路把火车从一个地方运到另一个地方。此处需要一个名词作主语，表示火车行驶的轨道系统。根据“carries trains from one place to another”可知，承载火车的是“铁路”，所以选择railway，A表明此处用单数形式。 97．句意：汽车穿过了隧道。此处需要一个介词，表示穿过某物的内部。根据“went”和“the tunnel”可知，表示“从隧道内部穿过”，所以选择through。 98．句意：公路是连接城市和乡镇的大路。此处需要一个名词作主语，表示连接城市的大路。根据“a large road connecting cities and towns”可知，描述的是“公路”，所以选择highway，A表明此处用单数形式。 99．句意：我喜欢在手机上阅读电子书。此处需要一个形容词作定语，修饰名词“books”。根据“on my phone”可知，指的是“电子”书，所以选择digital。 100．句意：我爷爷喜欢听有声书。此处需要一个形容词作定语，修饰名词“books”。根据“listening to”可知，指的是“有声”书，所以选择audio。 101．句意：在政府的支持下，这个村庄发生了很大变化。此处需要一个名词作介词“with”的宾语，表示援助。根据“the village has changed a lot”可知，变化是在“支持”下发生的，所以选择support。 102．句意：更好的住房给人们提供更舒适的居住地方。此处需要一个名词作主语，表示住所条件。根据“gives people more comfortable places to live”可知，提供舒适居住的是“住房”，所以选择housing。 103．句意：农民可以在网上销售他们的农产品。此处需要一个名词作宾语，表示销售的东西。根据“Farmers”和“online”可知，销售的是“产品”，且表示泛指多种产品，应用复数形式，所以选择products。 104．covered 105．shortage 106．sandy 107．greatly 108．government 109．railway 110．housing 111．support 【详解】104．句意：由于沙尘暴，家乡的道路被沙子覆盖了。该空位于被动结构were...with sand中，需填过去分词。前文沙尘暴使沙子堆积，后文with sand提示“覆盖”，因此方框中cover变形为covered。 105．句意：因为缺水，许多人不能定期洗澡。该空位于the...of water中，需填名词。前文洗澡受限，后文water提示原因，方框中shortage表示“短缺”，符合。 106．句意：植被缺乏导致土壤变得越来越沙质化。该空位于becoming increasingly...中，需填形容词描述土壤。前文植物减少使土壤退化，方框中sandy（沙质的）符合上下文。 107．句意：这些年来家乡的生活条件已大大改善。该空位于have...improved中，需填副词修饰动词。前文描述过去恶劣，后文隐含积极变化，方框中greatly表示程度明显，符合。 108．句意：在政府的帮助下，村民们开始种树。该空位于with the help of the...中，需填名词指帮助机构。后文植树行为由政府主导，方框中government符合。 109．句意：铁路的发展给村民带来了新机遇。该空位于development of...中，需填名词指基础设施。结合后文新机遇，方框中railway（铁路）是乡村发展的常见推动力。 110．句意：新的住房项目为许多家庭提供了更好的住所。该空位于New...projects中，需填名词作定语。后文“better homes”直接提示住房项目，方框中housing符合。 111．句意：他们需要更多的支持来让家乡成为更好的居住地。该空位于need more...中，需填名词。前文已列改善措施，但要让家乡更好仍需外界支持，方框中support（支持）符合。 112．B 113．A 114．B 115．D 116．A 117．C 118．B 119．A 120．C 121．D 122．A 123．C 124．A 125．C 126．A 【导语】本文介绍了西班牙新的禁烟法案及其对公共健康的影响，并与其他国家的类似措施进行了比较。 【详解】112．句意：9月9日，西班牙政府通过了一项新的禁烟法案。 政府是制定法律的机构，government“政府”符合。village“村庄”、capital“首都”、boss“老板”均与立法机构不符。 113．句意：电子烟和加热烟草产品也将被禁止。 前文提到banning smoking，后文列举了E-cigarettes and heated tobacco，这些都属于烟草“产品”，products“产品”符合。traditions“传统”、shortages“短缺”、lacks“缺乏”均与禁烟对象不符。 114．句意：然而，许多餐馆和酒吧经理不喜欢这个计划。 餐馆和酒吧的“老板”对禁烟计划不满，managers“经理”符合。aspects“方面”、villagers“村民”、roots“根源”均与经营者不符。 115．句意：它希望创造一个“无烟一代”。 英国计划禁止向14岁及以下人群售烟，目的是“创造”一个无烟世代，create“创造”符合。lead“领导”、cover“覆盖”、link“连接”均与建立无烟世代无关。 116．句意：这些法律将使许多人受益。 这些法律旨在保护公共健康，使人们“受益”，benefit“使受益”符合。support“支持”、lose“失去”、shock“使震惊”均与法律的积极目的不符。 117．句意：它们能带来更好的公共健康。 这些法律能“带来”更好的公共卫生，bring about“带来”符合。find out“查明”、put away“收好”、move to“搬到”均与“产生积极结果”无关。 118．句意：人们可以享受非常清新的环境。 禁烟后环境很“清新”，fresh“清新的”符合，与smoke形成对比。junior“初级的”、rough“粗糙的”、wide“宽阔的”均与清新环境无关。 119．句意：新规定也能引导人们养成更健康的习惯。 新规定能“引导”人们形成好习惯，lead“引导”符合。stop“停止”、discuss“讨论”、conclude“结束”均与引导无关。 120．句意：大多数人会对清新的空气感到满意。 大多数人“对”洁净的空气感到满意，happy with“对……满意”符合。strict with“对……严格”、different from“与……不同”、angry about“对……生气”均与“欢迎洁净空气”不符。 121．句意：过去，由于烟雾，一些人生活在污浊的环境之中。 过去环境被烟雾“污染”，dirty“脏的，烟雾弥漫的”符合，与后文“now things are becoming better”形成对比。digital“数字的”、green“绿色的”、clear“清澈的”均与烟雾污染不符。 122．句意：新规定能缩小公共健康和个人利益之间的差距。 narrow the gap“缩小差距”为固定搭配，narrow“缩小”符合，表示平衡两者关系。wide“宽的”不能作动词，lead“带领”、benefit“使受益”均与“缩小差距”无关。 123．句意：许多人认为健康得到更多关注是一个奇迹。 健康得到更多关注是一件好事，miracle“奇迹”能体现对健康受重视的积极评价。conclusion“结论”、dream“梦想”、chance“机会”均与“令人惊喜的积极变化”不符。 124．句意：各国在健康规则上的联系是紧密的。 各国在制定健康规则上有共同行动，link“联系”符合。highway“公路”、railway“铁路”、greenhouse“温室”均与政策合作无关。 125．句意：这些规则将极大地改善人们的生活质量。 规则对生活质量的“影响”是巨大的，greatly“极大地”符合。only“仅仅”、really“真正地”、just“只是”均与“显著改善”的程度不符。 126．句意：这些变化将改善我们生活中许多美好的方面。 这些变化能改善好的“方面”，aspects“方面”符合，指多方面的好处。cultures“文化”、storms“风暴”、flat“公寓”均与“多方面的好处”无关。 127．B 128．C 129．B 130．C 131．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了绿谷村庄十年前后的变化。 【详解】127．根据第一段“Ten years ago...Some roads were rough and narrow”可知，十年前许多道路崎岖且狭窄。 128．根据第一段“Some roads were rough and narrow, so people found it difficult to travel. Farmers also had trouble taking their products to nearby towns.”可知，路况不好导致农民运输产品困难。 129．根据第二段“Wide roads were built, and a new highway connected the village with the nearest city. A railway was also completed. Bridges and tunnels made travel easier.”可知，宽阔的道路、桥梁和隧道使出行更容易。 130．根据第三段“They sell local products online and receive epayment.”可知，如今农民通过网上销售当地产品。 131．通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Green Valley村在交通、技术及生活条件方面的巨大变化，村民生活得到了改善，A项“A village has changed and people’s lives have improved.”概括了文章主旨。 132．B 133．C 134．A 135．D 【导语】本文介绍了过去四十年人们生活和学习方式的巨大变化。 【详解】132．第二段“But it was not sufficient for people to find the information they were looking for.”表明报纸不足以满足人们查找信息的需求，因此“sufficient”意为“足够的”，即“Enough”。 133．第二段提到“most people didn’t have the chance or need”、“they didn’t have enough money”，但未提到“they liked listening to the radio”，听收音机是后来的放松方式而非不读书的原因。 134．第四段提到“People now live a more colourful life”但也“exposed (暴露) to more dangers and potential (潜在的) problems”，说明作者既看到好处也看到担忧，整体态度是谨慎的，“Worried”最能体现这种复杂态度。 135．全文从过去到现在的变化展开，开头“Ways to live and learn things have greatly changed”点明主题，因此“The Changes in Living and Learning Ways”为最佳标题。 136．C 137．A 138．B 139．B 140．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，四位学生分别畅想2050年的生活，围绕未来生活，谈论了登月度假、机器人、克隆技术、奥运会等多方面内容。 【详解】136．Liu Yuan段落中第一句“A holiday on the moon will not be a dream.”说明Liu Yuan认为未来人们可以在月球度假。 137．Sun Wei段落中第二句“They’ll do what people don’t want to do.”说明Sun Wei认为机器人会做人们不想做的事，也就是人们不喜欢做的事。 138．Zhang Lan段落中第一句“By the year 2050,cloning (克隆) will be used in many ways.”说明Zhang Lan认为到2050年克隆技术会被应用在很多方面。 139．Li Ming段落中第二句“Shanghai will be ready for the 40th Olympic Games in 2052.”说明上海将要举办第40届奥运会。 140．全文四段分别是四名学生对2050年生活的畅想，围绕未来生活展开。 141．A 142．B 143．C 144．B 145．C 【导语】本文是一篇网络评论类应用文，围绕中国飞速发展这一话题，展示了来自多伦多、广西、牛津三地人的不同看法，既有对国家发展的自豪，也包含对家乡环境问题的担忧。 【详解】141．根据Carmon的发言“This is my first year in college”可知，他正在读大学。 142．Zhou Li提到“I’m a little worried because of the rubbish by the river”，说明她对河边垃圾问题感到担忧。 143．文章开头第一句“China is changing and developing very quickly”直接点明中国发展迅速，且三位发言者均围绕这一主题展开。 144．Jackson明确说“I recently went back for a holiday”，说明他回北京是度假。 145．文章带有社交软件点赞、评论的图标样式，这种网友留言分享观点的形式最有可能来自一款APP。 146．A 147．A 148．B 149．C 150．B 【导语】本文讲述河北沙石峪村村民不畏艰难、不懈奋斗，把贫困乡村建设成美好家园的故事。 【详解】146．根据第二段中张贵顺说的话“In the ancient Chinese story, Yu Gong could move mountains with his strong will and hard work.”可知，他引用愚公的故事是为了激励村民拥有坚强的意志并努力工作。 147．根据第三段内容“Led by the Communist Party of China, the villagers carried water and soil to their village from faraway places... they reclaimed lots of land”可知，村民们通过辛勤劳动改变家乡，体现了他们勤劳（Hard-working）的品质。 148．根据第四段划线词所在句的前一句“the villagers started to grow grapes.”以及后文“They soon became a main industry in Shashiyu.”可知，成为产业的是“葡萄”，因此They指代Grapes。 149．根据第五段中“In 2009... After 10 years, the village was called ‘National Forest Village’.”可知，时间为2009年加上10年，即2019年。 150．通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了沙石峪村村民在张贵顺的带领下，通过辛勤劳动、调整产业结构等方式，从贫穷走向富裕的过程。选项B“沙石峪村村民如何努力建设美好生活”最能概括文章主旨。 151． 说明文 一 三 一般过去时 一般现在时 现在完成时 152． 家乡过去的样子 家乡发生的变化 153． My hometown has changed greatly in recent years. My hometown used to be an old and poor city, where there were dirty rivers and rubbish everywhere. With the development of society, great changes have taken place in my hometown. I’m proud of the changes in my hometown. Together we are building a more and more beautiful city. 154．例文 The Changes in My Hometown My hometown has changed greatly in recent years. My hometown used to be an old and poor city, where there were dirty rivers and rubbish everywhere. People lived a hard life. With the development of society, great changes have taken place in my hometown. Green hills and colorful flowers can be seen everywhere. Besides, large hospitals and new roads have appeared. People are enjoying a more comfortable life now. I’m proud of the changes in my hometown. Together we are building a more and more beautiful city. 【详解】151．本文介绍家乡的变化及自己的感受，是一篇说明文。以第一和第三人称为主，第一人称介绍自己的感受；第三人称介绍自己的家乡。介绍家乡过去的样子用一般过去时；介绍自己的感受及家乡发生的变化用一般现在时及现在完成时。 152．开头段介绍家乡的变化；主体段介绍家乡过去的样子和家乡发生的变化。结尾段介绍自己对家乡变化的感受。 153．“在最近几年，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。”译为“My hometown has changed greatly in recent years.”。句子是现在完成时的肯定句，现在完成时的结构是“have/has+动词的过去分词”，my hometown“我的家乡”是句子的主语，是第三人称单数，助动词用has；“变化”用change表达，其过去分词是changed；“在最近几年”用in recent years表达。 “我的家乡过去是一个古老而贫穷的城市，那里的河流浑浊，到处都是垃圾。”译为“My hometown used to be an old and poor city, where there were dirty rivers and rubbish everywhere.”。本句是介绍家乡过去的情况，用一般过去时，句子是含有where引导的非限定性定语从句的主从复合句，“我的家乡”用my hometown表达；“过去是”用used to be表达；“一个古老而贫穷的城市”用an old and poor city表达；“河流浑浊”用dirty rivers表达；“到处”用everywhere表达；“垃圾”用rubbish表达。 “随着社会的发展，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。”译为“With the development of society, great changes have taken place in my hometown.”。本句用现在完成时表达；“随着社会的发展”用with the development of society表达，是介词短语，作伴随状语；“巨大的变化”用great changes表达，主语是复数，助动词用have；“发生”用take place表达，take的过去分词是taken；“在我的家乡”用in my hometown表达。 “我为家乡的变化感到自豪。我们正在共同建设一个越来越美丽的城市。”译为“I’m proud of the changes in my hometown. Together we are building a more and more beautiful city.”。本句介绍的是自己的感受及正在做的事情，感受部分用一般现在时，正在做的事情用现在进行时，“为……感到自豪”用be proud of…表达，主语是I，be动词用am；“我们正在建设……”用together we are building…表达；“一个越来越美丽的城市”用a more and more beautiful city表达。 154．写作步骤： [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍类说明文，全文以一般过去时、现在完成时、一般现在时为主 明确要点：家乡过去是什么样；家乡发生了哪些变化；对家乡的变化有什么感受 确定人称：第一人称 (I/my) 和第三人称 (it/its) 注意事项：需包含所有问题要点，并适当发挥；词数80左右；文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起，点明我的家乡近几年发生巨大变化 主体段：描写家乡过去的面貌，再介绍如今的种种变化 结尾段：抒发对家乡变化的内心感受，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：总起引入，介绍家乡的变化 changed greatly in recent years/great changes have taken place等 要点二：家乡过去的样子 an old and poor city/dirty rivers/rubbish everywhere/lived a hard life/a small backward town/narrow roads/old houses/poor living conditions等 要点三：家乡现在的变化 with the development of society/green hills and colorful flowers/large hospitals/new roads/enjoy a more comfortable life/with rapid development/tall buildings/wide streets/clean rivers/live a much better life等 要点四：个人感受 be proud of the changes/build a more and more beautiful city/take pride in these changes/expect a brighter future/love my hometown deeply等 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！29 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $