Unit 5 Travel 现在完成时（核心语法精练）英语新教材北师大版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦现在完成时，构建“定义-结构-用法-辨析”逻辑体系，通过多题型训练提升语言运用与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|1表格|核心标志词（already/yet等）、易混结构（been to/gone to/in）辨析|从定义本质出发，推导基本结构，延伸至三大用法及重难点对比| |考点夯基|填空6题+单选12题+完成句子8题+句型转换6题|瞬间动词转延续动词（如buy→have）、时态标志词匹配|以基础题型巩固结构应用，通过变式训练强化语境中时态判断| |语法选择+短文填空|8空+8空|语篇中时态一致性分析|从单句到语篇，实现语法知识向语言能力迁移|

Unit 5 Travel 核心语法精练 （现在完成时） 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 2 二、单项选择 3 三、完成句子 5 四、句型转换 7 一、语法选择 7 二、短文填空 8 现在完成时 类别 现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense） 核心标志词&重难点辨析 定义 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响或结果；或动作从过去开始，持续到现在，可能继续持续下去。 核心本质：连接过去与现在，重点看“现在的结果”，不强调过去具体时间 基本结构 1. 肯定：主语 + have/has + 过去分词(done) 2. 否定：主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词(done) 3. 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词(done)?单数(he/she/it/单名)用has；其余用have 过去分词变化： 规则变化：+ed； 去e+ed； 双写尾字母+ed不规则变化： have-had, go-gone, see-seen等（必考） 常用用法 1. 已完成动作，对现在有影响： I have finished my homework.（现在不用写了） 2. 动作持续至今：I have lived here for 10 years. 3. 经历、履历：I have ever been to Beijing. 高频标志词： already, yet, just, ever, never, before for+时间段， since+时间点/从句 so far, in the past few years 核心辨析 1. have/has been to：去过某地（已返回） 2. have/has gone to：去了某地（未返回） 3. have/has been in：待在某地（持续状态） 1. already用于肯定句，yet用于否定/疑问句末尾 2. since后接过去时间，主句用现在完成时 3. 瞬间动词不与for/since连用，需转换延续动词 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. I ________ (finish) my homework already. 2. She ________ (not see) the new movie yet. 3. We ________ (live) here since 2015. 4. My father ________ (go) to Shanghai. He will come back in three days. 5. ________ you ever ________ (visit) the museum? 6. The book ________ (be) on the desk for two hours. 二、单项选择 1．—Where is Tom? —He ________ Beijing. He will be back next week. A．has been to B．has gone to C．went to D．goes to 2．I ________ this book for three days. A．bought B．have bought C．have had D．had 3．He ________ in this school since he was twelve. A．studies B．studied C．has studied D．is studying 4．—Have you finished your homework ________? —Yes, I have ________ finished it. A．yet; already B．already; yet C．yet; yet D．already; already 【答案】A 【解析】yet用于疑问句末尾，already用于肯定句中，故选A。 5．My uncle ________ many places of interest so far. A．visited B．visits C．has visited D．will visit 6．She ________ to Hainan twice. A．has gone B．has been C．went D．goes 7．I ________ TV last night, but I ________ my homework yet. A．watched; haven’t finished B．have watched; didn’t finish C．watched; didn’t finish D．have watched; haven’t finished 8．How long ________ you ________ this bike? A．did; buy B．have; bought C．have; had D．do; have 9．Great changes ________ in our hometown in the past five years. A．take place B．took place C．have taken place D．are taking place 10．—________ you ever ________ to Hong Kong? —Never. A．Have; been B．Have; gone C．Did; go D．Do; go 11．His grandpa ________ for ten years. A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．dies 12．I ________ English since I was six years old. A．learn B．learned C．have learned D．am learning 三、完成句子 1. 我已经完成了我的作业。 I ________ ________ my homework ________. 2. 她还没有看过这部电影。 She ________ ________ this movie ________. 3. 自从2018年我就住在这座城市。 I ________ ________ in this city ________ 2018. 4. 他去过北京两次。 He ________ ________ ________ Beijing twice. 5. 我的爸爸去上海了，不在家。 My father ________ ________ ________ Shanghai. He isn’t at home. 6. 迄今为止，我已经学了三千个单词。 I ________ ________ three thousand words so far. 7. 你曾经去过动物园吗？ ________ you ever ________ ________ the zoo? 8. 这本书我已经借了五天了。 I ________ ________ this book for five days. 四、句型转换 1. I have already cleaned the room.（改为否定句） I ________ ________ the room ________. 2. She has been in China for three years.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ ________ she been in China? 3. They have been to Qingdao twice.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ ________ ________ they been to Qingdao? 4. He has gone to the library.（改为一般疑问句） ________ he ________ to the library? 5. We lived here five years ago.（同义句转换） We ________ ________ here ________ five years. 6. Tom has finished his homework.（改为否定句） Tom ________ ________ his homework. 一、语法选择 通读短文，掌握大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My hometown is a small but beautiful town. Great changes 1.____ in the past few years. Many new buildings 2.____ up. People’s life 3.____ much better than before. I 4.____ here since I was born. I 5.____ lots of beautiful places in my town. My parents 6.____ in this town for over twenty years. They 7.____ many kind friends since they moved here. I love my hometown because it 8.____ always warm and comfortable. 1.A.take place B.took place C.have taken place D.are taking place 2.A.appear B.appeared C.have appeared D.will appear 3.A.is B.was C.has been D.will be 4.A.live B.lived C.have lived D.am living 5.A.see B.saw C.have seen D.will see 6.A.work B.worked C.have worked D.are working 7.A.make B.made C.have made D.will make 8.A.is B.was C.has been D.will be 二、短文填空（语法填空）（语篇词数：172词） 阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 I 1.____ (be) a middle school student for three years. I 2.____ (learn) many useful skills and knowledge so far. I 3.____ (make) lots of good friends since I entered this school. Our teachers 4.____ (teach) us patiently all the time . I 5.____ (not finish) all my dreams yet, but I 6.____ (keep) working hard. I 7.____ (read) more than fifty books in the past few years. I believe I 8.____ (change) a lot and will become better. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Travel 核心语法精练 （现在完成时） 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 2 二、单项选择 3 三、完成句子 5 四、句型转换 7 一、语法选择 7 二、短文填空 8 现在完成时 类别 现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense） 核心标志词&重难点辨析 定义 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响或结果；或动作从过去开始，持续到现在，可能继续持续下去。 核心本质：连接过去与现在，重点看“现在的结果”，不强调过去具体时间 基本结构 1. 肯定：主语 + have/has + 过去分词(done) 2. 否定：主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词(done) 3. 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词(done)?单数(he/she/it/单名)用has；其余用have 过去分词变化： 规则变化：+ed； 去e+ed； 双写尾字母+ed不规则变化： have-had, go-gone, see-seen等（必考） 常用用法 1. 已完成动作，对现在有影响： I have finished my homework.（现在不用写了） 2. 动作持续至今：I have lived here for 10 years. 3. 经历、履历：I have ever been to Beijing. 高频标志词： already, yet, just, ever, never, before for+时间段， since+时间点/从句 so far, in the past few years 核心辨析 1. have/has been to：去过某地（已返回） 2. have/has gone to：去了某地（未返回） 3. have/has been in：待在某地（持续状态） 1. already用于肯定句，yet用于否定/疑问句末尾 2. since后接过去时间，主句用现在完成时 3. 瞬间动词不与for/since连用，需转换延续动词 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. I ________ (finish) my homework already. 【答案】have finished 【解析】already为现在完成时标志，主语I搭配have，finish过去分词为finished。 2. She ________ (not see) the new movie yet. 【答案】hasn’t seen 【解析】yet用于否定句，是现在完成时标志，单数主语用hasn’t，see分词为seen。 3. We ________ (live) here since 2015. 【答案】have lived 【解析】since+时间点，主句用现在完成时，主语we用have lived。 4. My father ________ (go) to Shanghai. He will come back in three days. 【答案】has gone 【解析】根据后句“三天后回来”，表示去了未回，用has gone to。 5. ________ you ever ________ (visit) the museum? 【答案】Have; visited 【解析】ever是现在完成时疑问标志，主语you搭配have，visit分词为visited。 6. The book ________ (be) on the desk for two hours. 【答案】has been 【解析】for+时间段，表状态持续至今，单数主语用has been。 二、单项选择 1．—Where is Tom? —He ________ Beijing. He will be back next week. A．has been to B．has gone to C．went to D．goes to 【答案】B 【解析】人不在现场、去了未回用has gone to；has been to 表示去过已回，故选B。 2．I ________ this book for three days. A．bought B．have bought C．have had D．had 【答案】C 【解析】buy为瞬间动词，不能与for时间段连用，需转换为延续动词have，故选C。 3．He ________ in this school since he was twelve. A．studies B．studied C．has studied D．is studying 【答案】C 【解析】since引导从句，主句必须用现在完成时，故选C。 4．—Have you finished your homework ________? —Yes, I have ________ finished it. A．yet; already B．already; yet C．yet; yet D．already; already 【答案】A 【解析】yet用于疑问句末尾，already用于肯定句中，故选A。 5．My uncle ________ many places of interest so far. A．visited B．visits C．has visited D．will visit 【答案】C 【解析】so far（迄今为止）为现在完成时核心标志词，故选C。 6．She ________ to Hainan twice. A．has gone B．has been C．went D．goes 【答案】B 【解析】twice表经历次数，have/has been to 表示去过某地（有经历），故选B。 7．I ________ TV last night, but I ________ my homework yet. A．watched; haven’t finished B．have watched; didn’t finish C．watched; didn’t finish D．have watched; haven’t finished 【答案】A 【解析】last night为过去具体时间，用一般过去时；yet提示后半句用现在完成时否定，故选A。 8．How long ________ you ________ this bike? A．did; buy B．have; bought C．have; had D．do; have 【答案】C 【解析】How long提问持续时长，需用延续动词，buy换为have，现完时态，故选C。 9．Great changes ________ in our hometown in the past five years. A．take place B．took place C．have taken place D．are taking place 【答案】C 【解析】in the past five years 为现在完成时固定标志，故选C。 10．—________ you ever ________ to Hong Kong? —Never. A．Have; been B．Have; gone C．Did; go D．Do; go 【答案】A 【解析】ever、never询问过往经历，用have been to，故选A。 11．His grandpa ________ for ten years. A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．dies 【答案】C 【解析】die为瞬间动词，不接时间段，延续结构be dead，现完时态，故选C。 12．I ________ English since I was six years old. A．learn B．learned C．have learned D．am learning 【答案】C 【解析】since+过去时间点，主句用现在完成时，故选C。 三、完成句子 1. 我已经完成了我的作业。 I ________ ________ my homework ________. 【答案】have finished; already 【详解】already对应肯定句现完结构，主语I用have finished。 2. 她还没有看过这部电影。 She ________ ________ this movie ________. 【答案】hasn’t seen; yet 【详解】yet用于否定句末尾，单数主语现完否定hasn’t seen。 3. 自从2018年我就住在这座城市。 I ________ ________ in this city ________ 2018. 【答案】have lived; since 【详解】since+年份，主句现在完成时，have lived表持续居住。 4. 他去过北京两次。 He ________ ________ ________ Beijing twice. 【答案】has been to 【详解】twice表经历，have/has been to 去过某地。 5. 我的爸爸去上海了，不在家。 My father ________ ________ ________ Shanghai. He isn’t at home. 【答案】has gone to 【详解】人不在现场、去了未回，用has gone to。 6. 迄今为止，我已经学了三千个单词。 I ________ ________ three thousand words so far. 【答案】have learned 【详解】so far为现完标志，主语I用have learned。 7. 你曾经去过动物园吗？ ________ you ever ________ ________ the zoo? 【答案】Have; been to 【详解】ever引导现完疑问句，have been to表去过某地。 8. 这本书我已经借了五天了。 I ________ ________ this book for five days. 【答案】have kept 【详解】borrow瞬间动词，换延续动词keep，现完have kept。 四、句型转换 1. I have already cleaned the room.（改为否定句） I ________ ________ the room ________. 【答案】haven’t cleaned; yet 【详解】现完变否定，have变haven’t，already替换为yet放句末。 2. She has been in China for three years.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ ________ she been in China? 【答案】How long has 【详解】for+时间段用How long提问，剩余部分保持现完疑问语序。 3. They have been to Qingdao twice.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ ________ ________ they been to Qingdao? 【答案】How many times have 【详解】twice为次数，用How many times提问。 4. He has gone to the library.（改为一般疑问句） ________ he ________ to the library? 【答案】Has; gone 【详解】现完变疑问，has提前，动词分词不变。 5. We lived here five years ago.（同义句转换） We ________ ________ here ________ five years. 【答案】have lived; for 【详解】五年前住在这里=已经住了五年，转换为现在完成时+for时段。 6. Tom has finished his homework.（改为否定句） Tom ________ ________ his homework. 【答案】hasn’t finished 【详解】单数主语现完否定，直接hasn’t+过去分词。 一、语法选择 通读短文，掌握大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My hometown is a small but beautiful town. Great changes 1.____ in the past few years. Many new buildings 2.____ up. People’s life 3.____ much better than before. I 4.____ here since I was born. I 5.____ lots of beautiful places in my town. My parents 6.____ in this town for over twenty years. They 7.____ many kind friends since they moved here. I love my hometown because it 8.____ always warm and comfortable. 1.A.take place B.took place C.have taken place D.are taking place 2.A.appear B.appeared C.have appeared D.will appear 3.A.is B.was C.has been D.will be 4.A.live B.lived C.have lived D.am living 5.A.see B.saw C.have seen D.will see 6.A.work B.worked C.have worked D.are working 7.A.make B.made C.have made D.will make 8.A.is B.was C.has been D.will be 【答案】 1.C 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.A 【文章大意】短文介绍家乡的变化。过去几年家乡发生了巨大变化，新建了许多楼房，人们的生活质量大幅提升。作者自出生就居住于此，见证了家乡诸多美景。父母在此工作二十余年，迁居至此结交了许多好友，温暖舒适的家乡让作者无比热爱。 【解析】 1.in the past few years 现完标志，选C。 2.建筑已经建成并存在至今，用现在完成时，选C。 3.生活状态从过去持续到现在，用现完，选C。 4.since引导从句，主句现完，选C。 5.表示过往经历、至今见过很多美景，现完，选C。 6.for+时间段，动作持续至今，现完，选C。 7.since从句提示现在完成时，选C。 8.描述常态客观事实，用一般现在时，选A。 二、短文填空（语法填空）（语篇词数：172词） 阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 I 1.____ (be) a middle school student for three years. I 2.____ (learn) many useful skills and knowledge so far. I 3.____ (make) lots of good friends since I entered this school. Our teachers 4.____ (teach) us patiently all the time . I 5.____ (not finish) all my dreams yet, but I 6.____ (keep) working hard. I 7.____ (read) more than fifty books in the past few years. I believe I 8.____ (change) a lot and will become better. 【答案】 1.have been 2.have learned 3.have made 4.have taught 5.haven’t finished 6.will keep 7.have read 8.have changed 【文章大意】短文讲述个人成长经历。作者已经就读中学三年，迄今为止习得大量知识技能，入学以来结交了许多好友。老师们一直耐心教导，作者虽尚未完成所有梦想，但会持续努力。几年来阅读量颇丰，自身成长变化显著，未来也会继续精进自我。 【解析】 1.for+时间段，状态持续，现完have been。 2.so far 现完标志，have learned。 3.since从句，主句现完have made。 4.all the time强调持续至今，have taught。 5.yet提示现完否定haven’t finished。 6.表未来持续的动作，用一般将来时will keep。 7.in the past few years 现完标志，have read。 8.强调至今已经发生的变化，现完have changed。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $