Unit 1 Sports 形容词副词比较级和最高级（核心语法精练）英语新教材北师大版八年级上册

**基本信息** 以“概念-规则-应用-纠错”为逻辑链，系统构建形容词比较级和最高级专项训练体系，通过分层题型提升语言运用能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|1表格|对比呈现比较级/最高级定义、构成规则（含不规则变化）、常用用法及常见错误（如双重比较、范围缺失）|从基础概念到规则推导，再到错误警示，形成完整认知链| |考点夯基|填空/单选/完成句子/句型转换（共30+题）|针对词形变化（如happy→happier）、结构应用（“比较级+than”“the+最高级+范围”）、同义转换（如not as...as→比较级）|题型覆盖基础考点，强化规则到具体语境的迁移| |综合提升|语法填空/选择（2语篇，350词）|语篇中综合运用比较级修饰（much）、最高级范围（in/of）及语境辨析|从单句到语篇，提升复杂情境下的语言理解与表达能力|

Unit 1 Sports 核心语法精练 （形容词比较级和最高级） 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 2 二、单项选择 3 三、完成句子 5 四、句型转换 7 8 一、语法选择 8 二、短文填空 9 形容词比较级和最高级 类别 比较级（Comparative） 最高级（Superlative） 定义 用于两者比较，强调 “更……” 用于三者及以上比较，强调 “最……” 构成规则 大多数词后加 “-er/-est”：tall→taller→tallest 以字母e 结尾的词后加 “-r/-st”：nice→nicer→ nicest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加 er 或 est：big→bigger→ biggest 以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的词，变 “y” 为 “i” 加 “-er/-est”：happy→happier→happiest 多音节 / 部分双音节词：在词前加 “more/most”：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful 不规则变化 good/well→better→ best bad/ill/badly→worse→ worst far→farther/further→ farthest/furthest little (少的)→less→least much/many→more → most 常用用法 1.“比较级 + than” 来引出比较的第二部分。 A + 比较级 + than + B 例：Tom is taller than John. 2. “Which/Who … + 比较级，… or …?”表示在两者中选择。 例：Who is taller, Tom or Jerry? 3. 越来越……：比较级 + and + 比较级。 例：It's getting colder and colder. 4. 越…… 越……：the + 比较级，the + 比较级。 例：The more you study, the more you learn. 5. 在比较级前加much/even/far/a lot/a little等，来修饰程度。 例：He is much taller than me. 1. 范围结构：A + the + 最高级 + in/of + 范围。介词 of 和 among 后面接表示范围的人或物，in 后面接表示范围的名词或名词性短语。 例：Tom is the tallest in his class. This is the most beautiful flower of the three. He is the tallest among the students. 2. “形容词性物主代词/序数词 + 最高级” Her most beautiful dress is red. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 3. 之一结构：one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词。 例：She is one of the tallest girls in class. 常见错误 1.双重比较（× more taller） 2.多音节词错加 “-er”（× beautifuler） 3.比较对象不明确（× Beijing is bigger than any city in England.需在any后加 “other”） 1.双重最高级（× the most tallest） 2.多音节词错加 “-est”（× the beautifullest） 3.缺少比较范围（× This is the best movie，需补充范围） 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Qomolangma is ___________ (high) than any other mountain in the world. 【答案】higher 【解析】than 提示用比较级，high 的比较级为 higher。 2.It seemed to him that truth would be ___________ (safe) than a lie. 【答案】safer 【解析】than 提示用比较级，safe 以不发音 e 结尾，直接加 -r。 3. How fast Nanjing develops! It becomes one of ___________ (live) cities in China. 【答案】the liveliest 【解析】“one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词” 结构，表示 “最…… 之一”，lively 的最高级为 liveliest。 4.Tom runs ________ (quick) than his little brother. 【答案】more quickly 【解析】than 用比较级；修饰动词 runs 需要用副词，quick 的副词是 quickly，多音节副词比较级加 more。 5.This is one of ________ (cheap) books in this bookstore. 【答案】the cheapest 【解析】one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词，表示 “最…… 之一”，cheap 最高级 cheapest。 6.Among all the students, Lily writes ________ (careful). 【答案】(the) most carefully 【解析】among“在…… 之中” 表示三者及以上范围，用最高级；修饰动词 writes 用副词，careful 副词 carefully，最高级 most carefully，副词最高级 the 可省略。 2、 单项选择。 1．The sun is ________ than the moon. A．bright B．brighter C．brightest D．the brightest 【答案】B 【解析】句意：太阳比月亮更明亮。 根据句中的“than”可知，此处是太阳和月亮两者进行比较，应用形容词的比较级形式brighter。 2．There is ________ plastic rubbish in our school than last term. A．little B．less C．many D．fewer 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们学校的塑料垃圾比上学期更少了。 little少的；less更少的；many许多；fewer更少的。根据“than”可知，句子要用比较级；又因为“rubbish”是不可数名词，修饰不可数名词需用less，fewer修饰可数名词复数，应填less。 3．Betty is ________ than me. Her hair is longer than mine. A．slim B．slimmer C．slimmest D．more slim 【答案】B 【解析】句意：贝蒂比我更苗条。她的头发比我的更长。 slim苗条的；slimmer更苗条的；slimmest最苗条的；more slim错误形式。根据句中的关键词“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。slim是重读闭音节结尾的单音节词，变比较级需双写末尾字母m再加er，应填slimmer。 4．Millie is a little bit ________ than Simon—she is 56 kilos and he is 55 kilos. A．taller B．thinner C．heavier D．shorter 【答案】C 【解析】句意：米莉比西蒙稍微重一点——她56公斤，他55公斤。 taller更高；thinner更瘦；heavier更重；shorter更矮。根据“she is 56 kilos and he is 55 kilos”可知，是在对两人的体重进行对比。因为56公斤大于55公斤，表示米莉比西蒙要“重”，表示“更重的”应用形容词比较级heavier，应填heavier。 5．Of all the students in our class, Max is ________. A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在我们班所有的学生中，Max 是最高的。 根据“Of all the students in our class”可知是在全班范围内进行比较，属于三者或三者以上，应用最高级，且形容词最高级前通常加定冠词the。应填the tallest。 6．This plant is the ________ in the world. A．amazing B．more amazing C．most amazing D．amaze 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这种植物是世界上最令人惊叹的。 根据句中the以及范围状语“in the world”可知，此处表示三者或三者以上比较，应用最高级，amazing是多音节形容词，最高级前加most。 7．Bamboo is one of ________ useful plants on Earth. A．more B．most C．the most D．much 【答案】C 【解析】句意：竹子是地球上最有用的植物之一。 固定句型“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，useful是多音节形容词，最高级前需加the most，应填the most。 8．India has the ________ population in the world. A．large B．larger C．largest D．much larger 【答案】C 【解析】句意：印度拥有世界上最多的人口。 large大的，原级；larger更大的，比较级；largest最大的，最高级；much larger大得多，much修饰比较级。in the world是个大范围，表示在三者及以上的范围里对比，要用形容词最高级，最高级前面要有定冠词the，应填largest。 9．Keeping trying is as ________ as having a clear dream for young people. A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 【答案】A 【解析】句意：对于年轻人来说，坚持尝试和拥有清晰的梦想一样重要。 important重要的；more important更重要的；most important最重要的；the most important最重要的。根据固定搭配“as...as”意为“和……一样”，可知中间需用形容词或副词的原级。应填important。 10. Which city is ___________ from here, Beijing or Shanghai? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farthest 【答案】B 【解析】两者（Beijing or Shanghai）比较用比较级，far 的比较级为 farther。 11. This math problem is ______ than the last one. A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. the easiest 【答案】B 【解析】than 提示用比较级，easy 变 y 为 i 加 - er。 12. Who is ______ student in your class? A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 【答案】D 【解析】in your class 表示范围，用最高级，tall 的最高级前加 the。 三、完成句子。 1.世界上最高的山是什么? What's ___________ ___________ mountain in the world? 【答案】the highest 【解析】“最高的” 用最高级 the highest。 2.它有着比美国长得多的历史。 It has a ___________ ___________ history than the US. 【答案】much longer 【解析】“长得多” 用比较级 longer，much 修饰比较级。 3.它比其他任何的山都高。 It's higher than ___________ ___________ mountain. 【答案】any other 【解析】“比其他任何……” 用 than any other + 单数名词。 4．桑迪是我们班最聪明的学生之一。 Sandy is ________ ________ ________ ________ students in our class. 【答案】 one of the cleverest 【详解】原句中“最聪明的……之一” 是关键短语。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“……中最……之一”，clever的最高级形式为cleverest表示“最聪明的”。 5．蜜蜂是我们星球生态系统中最重要的动物之一。 Bees are one of ________ ________ ________ animals in the ecosystem of our planet. 【答案】 the most important 【详解】原句中“最重要的”是关键词。本句使用“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”的固定结构，表示“最……的……之一”；important为多音节形容词，最高级形式为most important，最高级前要加定冠词the。 6．她是全校最善良的老师。 She is ________ ________ teacher in the whole school. 【答案】 the kindest 【详解】中文“最善良的”和“in the whole school”表明需要使用形容词的最高级形式，“善良的”对应的形容词为单音节kind，形容词最高级前通常需要加定冠词 the。故填 the；kindest。 7．我的好朋友比我高。 My good friend is ________ ________ me. 【答案】 taller than 【详解】原句中“比……高”是关键词，“高”的英文是tall，比较级结构为“形容词比较级+than”，表示“比……更……”，此处表示“我的好朋友比我高”，故填taller；than。 8．这条河比那条小河宽得多。 This river is much ________ ________ that small one. 【答案】 wider than 【详解】原句中“宽得多”和“比”是关键词。“宽”英文为wide，much修饰形容词比较级，wide的比较级为wider；“比”英文为than，用来引出比较对象。 四、句型转换。 1. Mike is funny. His friend is funnier.（合并为一句） Mike's friend is ___________ ___________ Mike. 【答案】funnier than 【解析】合并后表示 “比 Mike 更有趣”，用比较级 funnier than。 2. Lucy is the most outgoing girl in her class.（改为同义句） Lucy is ___________ ___________ any other girl in her class. 【答案】more outgoing than 【解析】原句 “最外向” 同义转换为 “比其他任何女孩更外向”，用 more outgoing than。 3.Tom is not as tall as his best friend.（改为同义句） Tom's best friend is ___________ ___________ Tom. 【答案】taller than 【解析】“Tom 不如朋友高” 同义转换为 “朋友比 Tom 高”，用 taller than。 4．Emma is tall. Ella is short.（合并比较句） Emma is ________ ________ Ella. 【答案】 taller than 【详解】句意：Emma高，Ella矮。原句描述两人身高不同，合并为比较句需用比较级。Emma高，Ella矮，所以Emma比Ella高，形容词“tall”的比较级是“taller”。比较级后接“than”引出比较对象。因此应填taller；than。 5．Most students like hands-on science lessons best. (最高级改比较级) Most students like hands-on science lessons ________ ________ any other lesson. 【答案】 better than 【详解】句意：大多数学生最喜欢实践科学课。表示“大多数学生最喜欢实践科学课。”有两种方式：“Most students like hands-on science lessons best.”或“Most students like hands-on science lessons better than any other lesson.”，二者可以互换，like...best是最高级结构，意为“最喜欢”，要求改为比较级，最高级的含义可以通过“比较级+than+any other+单数名词”的结构来表达，意为“比任何其他……都更……”。修饰动词like需用副词，good/well的比较级是better；比较级后面必须接比较连词than。应填better；than。 6．Bees are important animals. (one of最高级改写) Bees are one of ________ ________ ________ animals on Earth. 【答案】 the most important 【详解】句意：蜜蜂是重要的动物。固定句型“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，意为“……中最……之一”。原句形容词为important，属于多音节单词。变最高级时，需在前面加the most，构成the most important。 一、语法填空（语篇词数：172 词） 阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 Traveling is becoming more and more popular these days. Among all the natural wonders around the world, Qomolangma is 1.____ (high) mountain. Its weather is much 2.____ (terrible) than people expect. For climbers, it is one of the 3.____ (hard) challenges they will ever face. Li Wei is a young climber. He prepares 4.____ (patient) than most other climbers before every trip. He believes safety is 5.____ (valuable) than excitement. Of all the members in his climbing group, he plans everything 6.____ (clear). He often tells his friends that the 7.____ (great) success is coming back alive. To him, nothing is 8.____ (important) than one’s own life. 【答案】 1.the highest 2.more terrible 3.hardest 4.more patiently 5.more valuable 6.(the) most clearly 7.greatest 8.more important 【文章大意】短文讲述年轻登山者李伟的登山理念。珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高山峰，天气比人们预想的恶劣，登山是最艰难的挑战之一。李伟登山前准备比大多数登山者更有耐心，在团队中把事情规划得最清晰，他认为活着归来才是最大的成功，没有什么比生命更重要。 【解析】 1.around the world 给出大范围，要用形容词最高级；形容词最高级前要加定冠词 the，high 的最高级形式为 highest。 2.than 为比较级标志词；terrible 是多音节形容词，比较级要在前面加 more。 3.one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词，为固定结构，表示 “最…… 之一”，hard 的最高级为 hardest。 4.than 提示使用比较级；修饰动词 prepares 需要用副词，patient 的副词形式是 patiently，多音节副词比较级前面加 more。 5.than 提示用比较级；valuable 属于多音节形容词，比较级前面加 more。 6.Of all the members 表示三者及以上范围，要用副词最高级；修饰动词 plans 用副词 clearly；副词最高级前的 the 可以省略。 7.the 后面接形容词最高级，great 的最高级形式是 greatest。 8.than 引导比较句式；important 是多音节形容词，比较级前面加 more。 二、语法选择（语篇词数：181 词） 通读短文，掌握大意，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Our city public library is one of 1.____ places for local readers. It opens 2.____ than most other public buildings in the city. Of all the teenagers who come here, Anna reads 3.. She thinks reading books is 4. than watching short‑videos on the phone. Books can bring her 5.____ joy in her daily life. She also says that paper books are 6.____ for her eyes than e‑books. On weekends, she arrives 7.____ than her classmates. Among all the readers, she spends 8.____ time on reading. For her, the library is the most wonderful place in town. A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular D. most popular A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest A. quiet B. quieter C. quietly D. (the) most quietly A. good B. better C. best D. well A. bigger B. biger C. the biggest D. bigest A. good B. better C. best D. well A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest A. much B. more C. most D. many 【答案】 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.C 【文章大意】短文介绍城市公共图书馆以及青少年安娜的阅读习惯。图书馆是当地最受读者欢迎的场所之一，开门时间比多数公共建筑更早。安娜在所有青少年读者中阅读最为安静，她认为读书比刷短视频更好，纸质书比电子书对眼睛更有益。周末她比同学到得更早，在所有读者里，她投入阅读的时间最多。 【解析】 1.one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数，固定结构意为 “最…… 之一”，故选 C。 2.than 是比较级标志词，early 的比较级形式为 earlier，故选 B。 3.Of all the teenagers 表示三者以上范围；修饰动词 reads 要用副词最高级，副词最高级前 the 可省略，故选 D。 4.than 提示用比较级；good 的比较级为不规则变化 better，故选 B。 5.the 后面接形容词最高级；big 为重读闭音节单词，需要双写末尾辅音字母 g 再加‑est，构成 biggest，故选 C。 6.than 引导两者对比，good 的比较级是 better，故选 B。 7.than 为比较级标志，early 比较级 earlier，故选 B。 8.Among all the readers 表示三者及以上范围，much 的最高级为 most，故选 C。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Sports 核心语法精练 （形容词比较级和最高级） 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 2 二、单项选择 3 三、完成句子 5 四、句型转换 7 8 一、语法选择 8 二、短文填空 9 形容词比较级和最高级 类别 比较级（Comparative） 最高级（Superlative） 定义 用于两者比较，强调 “更……” 用于三者及以上比较，强调 “最……” 构成规则 大多数词后加 “-er/-est”：tall→taller→tallest 以字母e 结尾的词后加 “-r/-st”：nice→nicer→ nicest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加 er 或 est：big→bigger→ biggest 以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的词，变 “y” 为 “i” 加 “-er/-est”：happy→happier→happiest 多音节 / 部分双音节词：在词前加 “more/most”：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful 不规则变化 good/well→better→ best bad/ill/badly→worse→ worst far→farther/further→ farthest/furthest little (少的)→less→least much/many→more → most 常用用法 1.“比较级 + than” 来引出比较的第二部分。 A + 比较级 + than + B 例：Tom is taller than John. 2. “Which/Who … + 比较级，… or …?”表示在两者中选择。 例：Who is taller, Tom or Jerry? 3. 越来越……：比较级 + and + 比较级。 例：It's getting colder and colder. 4. 越…… 越……：the + 比较级，the + 比较级。 例：The more you study, the more you learn. 5. 在比较级前加much/even/far/a lot/a little等，来修饰程度。 例：He is much taller than me. 1. 范围结构：A + the + 最高级 + in/of + 范围。介词 of 和 among 后面接表示范围的人或物，in 后面接表示范围的名词或名词性短语。 例：Tom is the tallest in his class. This is the most beautiful flower of the three. He is the tallest among the students. 2. “形容词性物主代词/序数词 + 最高级” Her most beautiful dress is red. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 3. 之一结构：one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词。 例：She is one of the tallest girls in class. 常见错误 1.双重比较（× more taller） 2.多音节词错加 “-er”（× beautifuler） 3.比较对象不明确（× Beijing is bigger than any city in England.需在any后加 “other”） 1.双重最高级（× the most tallest） 2.多音节词错加 “-est”（× the beautifullest） 3.缺少比较范围（× This is the best movie，需补充范围） 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Qomolangma is ___________ (high) than any other mountain in the world. 2.It seemed to him that truth would be ___________ (safe) than a lie. 3. How fast Nanjing develops! It becomes one of ___________ (live) cities in China. 4.Tom runs ________ (quick) than his little brother. 5.This is one of ________ (cheap) books in this bookstore. 6.Among all the students, Lily writes ________ (careful). 2、 单项选择。 1．The sun is ________ than the moon. A．bright B．brighter C．brightest D．the brightest 2．There is ________ plastic rubbish in our school than last term. A．little B．less C．many D．fewer 3．Betty is ________ than me. Her hair is longer than mine. A．slim B．slimmer C．slimmest D．more slim 4．Millie is a little bit ________ than Simon—she is 56 kilos and he is 55 kilos. A．taller B．thinner C．heavier D．shorter 5．Of all the students in our class, Max is ________. A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest 6．This plant is the ________ in the world. A．amazing B．more amazing C．most amazing D．amaze 7．Bamboo is one of ________ useful plants on Earth. A．more B．most C．the most D．much 8．India has the ________ population in the world. A．large B．larger C．largest D．much larger 9．Keeping trying is as ________ as having a clear dream for young people. A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 10. Which city is ___________ from here, Beijing or Shanghai? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farthest 11. This math problem is ______ than the last one. A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. the easiest 12. Who is ______ student in your class? A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 三、完成句子。 1.世界上最高的山是什么? What's ___________ ___________ mountain in the world? 2.它有着比美国长得多的历史。 It has a ___________ ___________ history than the US. 3.它比其他任何的山都高。 It's higher than ___________ ___________ mountain. 4．桑迪是我们班最聪明的学生之一。 Sandy is ________ ________ ________ ________ students in our class. 5．蜜蜂是我们星球生态系统中最重要的动物之一。 Bees are one of ________ ________ ________ animals in the ecosystem of our planet. 6．她是全校最善良的老师。 She is ________ ________ teacher in the whole school. 7．我的好朋友比我高。 My good friend is ________ ________ me. 8．这条河比那条小河宽得多。 This river is much ________ ________ that small one. 四、句型转换。 1. Mike is funny. His friend is funnier.（合并为一句） Mike's friend is ___________ ___________ Mike. 2. Lucy is the most outgoing girl in her class.（改为同义句） Lucy is ___________ ___________ any other girl in her class. 3.Tom is not as tall as his best friend.（改为同义句） Tom's best friend is ___________ ___________ Tom. 4．Emma is tall. Ella is short.（合并比较句） Emma is ________ ________ Ella. 5．Most students like hands-on science lessons best. (最高级改比较级) Most students like hands-on science lessons ________ ________ any other lesson. 6．Bees are important animals. (one of最高级改写) Bees are one of ________ ________ ________ animals on Earth. 一、语法填空（语篇词数：172 词） 阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 Traveling is becoming more and more popular these days. Among all the natural wonders around the world, Qomolangma is 1.____ (high) mountain. Its weather is much 2.____ (terrible) than people expect. For climbers, it is one of the 3.____ (hard) challenges they will ever face. Li Wei is a young climber. He prepares 4.____ (patient) than most other climbers before every trip. He believes safety is 5.____ (valuable) than excitement. Of all the members in his climbing group, he plans everything 6.____ (clear). He often tells his friends that the 7.____ (great) success is coming back alive. To him, nothing is 8.____ (important) than one’s own life. 二、语法选择（语篇词数：181 词） 通读短文，掌握大意，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Our city public library is one of 1.____ places for local readers. It opens 2.____ than most other public buildings in the city. Of all the teenagers who come here, Anna reads 3.. She thinks reading books is 4. than watching short‑videos on the phone. Books can bring her 5.____ joy in her daily life. She also says that paper books are 6.____ for her eyes than e‑books. On weekends, she arrives 7.____ than her classmates. Among all the readers, she spends 8.____ time on reading. For her, the library is the most wonderful place in town. A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular D. most popular A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest A. quiet B. quieter C. quietly D. (the) most quietly A. good B. better C. best D. well A. bigger B. biger C. the biggest D. bigest A. good B. better C. best D. well A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest A. much B. more C. most D. many 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $