Unit 2 Safety must/have to/should的基本用法、复合不定代词的基本用法（单元核心语法精练）英语北师大版2024八年级上册

Unit2 Safety 核心语法精练（must, have to，should的基本用法，复合不定代词的基本用法） 目录 1 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 一． must, have to的基本用法 1 二．情态动词should 2 三、复合不定代词 3 4 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一．选择填空 4 二. 用适合的复合不定代词填空 9 10 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 10 一．完形填空 10 二．语法填空 13 一． must, have to的基本用法 （1）must表示责任、义务或一种强制性规定，意为“必须，应该”，表示必须要做的事，其否定式mustn’t表示禁止，即不许对方做某事。如： ---- May I go to the cinema, Mum? ---- Certainly. But you must be back by 11 o’clock. These books mustn’t be taken out of the reading room. You have to read them here. （2）“must be+表语”表示猜测、可能性，一般只用于肯定句中，意为“一定，肯定”，表示可能性很大，语气比may肯定，通常用于肯定句，在否定句中要用can’t，表示“不可能”。如： There must be some mistakes. 肯定有一些错误。// You must be very tired. 你一定很累了。 Your mother must be waiting for you now. 你妈妈现在一定在等你 （3）回答must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，如果是否定的回答，要用needn’t或don’t have to，表示“不必”，“没有必要”的意思，不用mustn’t，因为mustn’t表示禁止或不准，意思是“一定不要”，“不应该”，“不许可”，“不准”，“禁止”。如：---- Must I finish the work before five o’clock? ---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to. （4）“have to”表示客观需要，意为“不得不、必须”，有人称、时态和数的变化，后跟动词原形。如： She has to look after her little sister. 她不得不照顾她的小妹妹。 I have to do some washing. 我必须洗洗衣服。// I had to do my homework last night. 昨晚我不得不做作业。 （5）have to 的否定式和疑问式一般要借用助动词do的适当形式构成。have to 的否定式是don’t have to; has to 的否定式是doesn’t have to; had to 的否定式是didn’t have to。have to的疑问式同样也借用助动词do的相应形式构成。如：He doesn’t have to do the homework now. 他没有必要现在做作业。 ---- Do I have to go there now? 我现在就得去那儿吗？ ---- Yes, you do.（No, you don’t have to.）是的，你必须去。（不，你不必。） We didn’t have to answer the question yesterday. 昨天我们没有必要回答这个问题。 （6）must 与 have to 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观意愿；have to 一般强调客观需要，它比must更含有客观条件迫使，必须这样做的意思。如：I must do my homework first. 我必须首先做家庭作业。(主观意愿) If I buy that car, I’ll have to borrow some money. 如果我要买那辆汽车，我得借些钱。(客观需要) 二．情态动词should should为情态动词,后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。其用法如下: (1)表示提出或征询建议,意为"应该"。 I think you should save some money for your father’s birthday.我认为你应该为你爸爸的生日攒些钱。 (2)表示责任或义务,意为"应该,应当"。 We should follow the rules in public.在公共场合我们应该遵守规则。 (3)表示肯定又留有余地的推测,意为"应,应该",语气弱于must"一定"(表示推测)。 Don’t worry. Kate should arrive soon.别担心。凯特应该很快就到了。 (4)表示说话人的特殊情感,如惊奇、愤怒、失望等,常与what、 how、 why、 who连用。 Don’t ask me. How should I know?不要问我。我怎么会知道? 三、复合不定代词 1.常用复合不定代词 something某事物 somebody某人 someone某人 anything某事/任何事 anybody某人/任何人 anyone某人/任何人 everything每件事物 everybody每个人 everyone任何人 nothing没有东西 nobody没有人 no one没有人 2. 复合不定代词用法 ①复合不定代词后面的动词用第三人称单数形式 There is someone on the phone for you有人给你打电话 Everyone is busy and can not go to the party每个人都忙而不能去参加聚会 ②形容词或不定式修饰复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等时，通常要放在不定代词的后面 something important某件重要的事 anything interesting任何有趣的事 nothing exciting没有令人兴奋的事 Is there anything important in today’s paper? 今天报上有什么重要的消息吗？ ③当主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everybody, nobody, anybody等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they, 在正式文体中也可以用he Everyone is here, aren’t they / isn’t he? 每个人都到了，是吗？ 当主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everything, something, anything, nothing等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词it Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切准备好了，是吗？ ④与no-构成的复合不定代词本身就是否定意义，所以一定要与肯定的动词连用 Nobody likes to get into trouble没有谁愿意惹麻烦 not与由every-构成的复合不定代词是部分否定，意为“并非都；不都” I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with everything 我同意你所说的大部分，但不是全部 3.复合不定代词辨析 ①somebody / someone / something 用于肯定句 There is somebody / someone waiting outside外面有人在等你 There is something wrong with my bike我的自行车出了点毛病 在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答、想要鼓励对方给予肯定答复或表达请求、建议时，也可以用 Can somebody / someone help me? 有人能帮我吗？ Do you want something to drink? = Would you like something to drink? 你想来点喝的吗？ ②anybody / anyone / anything 用于否定句或一般疑问句。注意：当肯定句中有hardly, never, seldom等具有否定意义的词时，要使用anybody, anyone或anything Did anybody come here while I was away? 当我离开时有人来这儿吗？ He doesn’t like anything I do or say他不喜欢我做得或说得任何事 He can hardly see anything before the operation在手术前他几乎看不到任何东西 Hardly anybody came to the meeting几乎没人来参加会议 ③nobody / no one / nothing 用于句中表示否定意义。nobody = not anybody nothing = not anything 注意：如果需要用一个否定词来做句子的开头，那么就必须用nothing / nobody / no one,而不能用not…anything / anyone / anybody I saw nobody / no one / nothing = I didn’t see anybody / anyone / anything 我没看到人/东西 一．选择填空 1．（24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试）If you want to keep fit, you ________ eat too much junk food. A．should B．shouldn’t C．need D．needn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你想要保持健康，你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。考查情态动词词义辨析。should应该；shouldn’t不应该；need需要；needn’t不需要。根据“If you want to keep fit”以及常识，可知保持健康不应该吃太多垃圾食品，“shouldn’t”符合语境。故选B。 2．（24-25七年级下·云南昭通·期末）—All of us ________ listen to the teachers carefully in class. —You’re right. A．should B．can C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们所有人都应该认真听老师讲课。——你说得对。 考查情态动词的用法。should应该；can可以；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“listen to the teachers carefully in class”和“You’re right”可知，此处强调学生应该认真听讲，为肯定句，表示建议用should。故选A。 3．（25-26九年级·全国·假期作业）Shh...! This is a library. You ______ keep your voice down. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：嘘……！这是一个图书馆。你应该小声点。 考查情态动词。can可以；can’t不会；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Shh...! This is a library. You…keep your voice down.”可知，此处表示建议，指应该小声点，用should。故选C。 4．（25-26八年级上·全国·假期作业）—I’ve got a toothache, Mom. —Oh, you ________ eat too much candy. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我牙痛。 ——哦，你不应该吃太多的糖果。 考查情态动词。shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不需要；should应该；need需要。根据题意和常识可知，“牙疼”本质上是“吃糖过多”的不良后果，所以这里应用shouldn’t表示“禁止性建议”。故选A。 5．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）— I really like this video game, mum. Why must I stop playing it? — For your health, my dear. You ________ go out to take in fresh air and relax your eyes. A．could B．couldn’t C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我真的很喜欢这个电子游戏，我为什么必须停下来？——为了你的健康，亲爱的。你应该出去呼吸新鲜空气，让眼睛放松。 考查情态动词用法。could能；couldn’t不能；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“For your health, my dear. You...go out to take in fresh air and relax your eyes.”可知，母亲建议孩子外出活动是为了健康着想，故需should“应该”表责任或合理建议。故选C。 6．（24-25八年级下·江苏常州·期中）—Kitty, you ________ eat in the reading room. Look at the library rules. —I’m sorry. I won’t do it again. A．mustn’t B．can C．needn’t D．don’t have to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Kitty，你不能在阅览室吃东西。看看图书馆的规定。——对不起，我不会再这样做了。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；can可以；needn’t不必；don’t have to不需要。根据“Look at the library rules.”和“won’t do it again”的语境，此处表示禁止在阅览室吃东西，强调规定不允许。故选A。 7．（24-25七年级下·山东临沂·期中）Students ________ play with fire in the classroom. It’s quite dangerous. A．mustn’t B．must C．needn’t D．can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学生们不许在教室里玩火。这很危险。 考查情态动词词义辨析。mustn’t不许，禁止；must必须；needn’t不必；can能，会。根据“It’s quite dangerous.”可知，此处是禁止学生在教室玩火，用mustn’t符合语境。故选A。 8．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）This book ________ Lucy’s, because her name is on it. A．may be B．can’t be C．must be D．mustn’t be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这本书一定是Lucy的，因为她的名字在上面。 考查情态动词的用法。may be也许是；can’t be不可能是；must be一定是；mustn’t be禁止是。根据“because her name is on it”可知此处表示“一定是”。故选C。 9．（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）—Thanks for your warm treat. I have to go home now. —My pleasure. But you ________ drive your car after drinking so much wine. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谢谢你的热情款待，我现在得回家了。——不客气。但你喝了这么多酒绝不能开车。   考查情态动词的否定用法。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止/绝不能；shouldn’t不应该；couldn’t不能。根据“But you…drive your car after drinking so much wine”可推知，此处强调“严禁酒后驾驶”的禁止含义。故选B。 10．（24-25七年级下·甘肃白银·期末）—The trip is too long, so you _____ feel tired on the way. —It doesn’t matter. I’ll sleep on the train. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．should D．must 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——旅途太长了，所以你路上肯定会觉得累。——没关系，我会在火车上睡觉。 考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；should应该；must肯定/必须。根据“The trip is too long”和“I’ll sleep on the train”可知，说话人认为旅途很长，对方路上肯定会感到疲劳，因此用must表示肯定的推测，故选D。 11．（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）—Mom, I don’t want to say sorry to Lisa. —I’m afraid you ________. After all, you lost her favourite book. A．may B．mustn’t C．have to D．needn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我不想向丽莎道歉。——恐怕你不得不。毕竟，你弄丢了她最喜欢的书。 考查情态动词辨析。may也许，可能；mustn’t禁止；have to不得不，强调客观上的必要性；needn’t不必。根据“After all, you lost her favourite book”可知，因为弄丢了丽莎最喜欢的书，所以客观上有必要向她道歉，用“have to”符合语境。故选C。 12．（24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试）You ________ listen to the teacher carefully in class. A．can B．may C．have to D．need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你在课堂上必须认真听老师讲课。 考查情态动词辨析。can可以；may也许；have to必须；need需要。根据“listen to the teacher carefully in class.”可知，课堂上认真听老师讲课是一种应遵守的要求，为必须做的事。故选C。 13．（24-25七年级下·湖北武汉·期中）—Are there any rules in Teng Fei’s home? — Yes, of course. He has to ________ his homework before playing basketball after school. A．finish B．finishing C．finishes D．finished 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——腾飞家里有家规吗？——当然有。放学后他必须先完成作业才能打篮球。   考查动词形式辨析。finish动词原形；finishing动名词/现在分词；finishes第三人称单数；finished过去式/过去分词。根据“has to”可知，此处需用动词原形构成has to do结构，表示“不得不做某事”，故选A。 14．（24-25七年级下·四川广元·期中）—Excuse me, must I leave my bag in the locker? —________. You can take it with you. Enjoy shopping at Youhao Supermarket. A．Yes, you must B．No, you mustn’t C．Yes, you have to D．No, you don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我必须把包放在储物柜里吗？——不，你不需要。您可以随身携带。祝您在友好超市购物愉快。 考查情态动词。Yes, you must是的，您必须；No, you mustn’t不，您不准；Yes, you have to是的，您必须；No, you don’t have to不，您不必。根据“You can take it with you”可知，可以随身带包，此处表示“不必”将包放入储物柜，且需用否定回答。故选D。 15．（24-25八年级下·江苏徐州·期末）You ________ bring your student card every time you to the library, but remember to bring your library card. A．must B．mustn’t C．have to D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你不必每次去图书馆都带学生证，但记得带上借书证。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；mustn’t禁止；have to不得不；don’t have to不必。根据“You…bring your student card every time you to the library, but remember to bring your library card.”可知，此处指不必每次去图书馆都带学生证。故选D。 16．（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）You must feel very tired after 2 hours’ waiting at the crossroad. In fact, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to rest. A．don’t have to B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在十字路口等了两个小时后，你一定觉得很累。事实上，你不必一直站着。你可以找个地方休息。 考查情态动词。don’t have to不必；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据“You can find a place to rest.”可知，你可以找一个地方休息，不必一直站着。故选A。 17．（24-25七年级下·甘肃武威·期中）—Susan, would you like to go shopping with us this afternoon? —I’d love to, but I ________ study for my English tests. A．may B．have to C．can D．has to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——苏珊，今天下午你愿意和我们一起去购物吗？——我很想去，但是我得为我的英语考试学习。 考查情态动词。may可能；have to不得不，必须；can可以；has to不得不。根据“but”可知句意出现转折，拒绝对方的邀请，结合“study for my English tests”可知是不得不准备考试，主语是I，动词用原形。故选B。 18．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—Must I bring my student card to renew these two books? —No, you ________. You must bring your library card. A．can’t B．may not C．don’t have to D．mustn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我必须带学生证来续借这两本书吗？——不，你不必。你必须带借书证。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；may not可能不；don’t have to不必；mustn’t禁止。根据“You must bring your library card.”可知，不必带学生证，而是必须带借书证，此处是对must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答，应用don’t have to。故选C。 19．（2025七年级下·安徽·专题练习）—Can we wear our own clothes at school? —No, we ________. We ________ wear the school uniform. A．can’t; have to B．mustn’t; can C．can; must D．needn’t; may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们在学校可以穿自己的衣服吗？——不，我们不能。我们必须穿校服。 考查情态动词用法。can’t不能；have to不得不，必须；mustn’t禁止；can可以；must必须；needn’t不必；may可能。根据“No”可知，第一个空要用情态动词的否定形式，可以用can’t或mustn’t来回答“Can we”开头的一般疑问句；根据“wear the school uniform”可知，在学校必须穿校服，强调客观要求，用have to。故选A。 20．（24-25八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）— Jim, we ______ buy Mom gifts. We can clean the house from top to bottom. — Good idea! It’s a special present for Mother’s Day. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——吉姆，我们不必给妈妈买礼物。我们可以把房子彻底打扫干净。——好主意！这是母亲节的特别礼物。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；don’t have to不必。根据“We can clean the house…”可知，说话者建议用打扫代替买礼物，强调“不需要买”，而非“禁止”或“不能”。故选D。 二. 用适合的复合不定代词填空 1. The girl was too shy. She didn’t talk to _______________ that night. 2. This is a secret. You mustn’t tell _______________. 3. At first, it was very quiet. Later, _______________ began to cough. 4. The question was so difficult that _______________ could answer it. 5. The foreigner was shouting. But _______________ knew what he was talking about. 6. What’s on TV tonight? Is there _______________ interesting? 7. Can I have _______________ to drink, please? 8. These questions are too difficult. I think _______________ can answer them. 9. Kitty is sitting alone. She isn’t with _______________. 10. You can buy a lot of things with money, but not _______________. 1. anyone/anybody 2. anyone/anybody 3. someone/somebody 4. no one/nobody 5. no one/nobody 6. anything 7. something 8. no one/nobody 9. anyone/anybody 10. everything 三.用复合不定代词填空 1.I didn’t see 　　　on the floor. What about you?  2.Listen! 　　　is knocking at the door.   3.—Is there 　　　waiting for us in front of the gate? —No, there is 　　　.  4.　　　 is difficult if you put your heart into it.  1.anything　2.Someone/Somebody 3.anyone/anybody;nobody/no one　4.Nothing 四.单项选择 1.Is there 　　　bread in the kitchen? A.any B.some C.many D.a 2.—After a long walk, I am so thirsty, but there isn’t 　　　water here. Could you get 　　　for me?  —With pleasure! A.some;some B.any;any C.some;any D.any;some 3.Learning is a lifelong journey, for it brings us　　　 new every day. A.everything B.nothing C.anything D.something 4.I always believe that there isn’t 　　　difficult if we set our mind to it.  A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing 1.A　句意:厨房里有面包吗? 肯定句中通常用some,any多用在否定句和疑问句中。 故选A。 2.D　句意:——走了很长一段路后,我很渴,但是这儿没水。你能给我取一些吗?——非常乐意!否定句中通常用any; “Could you...?”表示委婉客气的请求并希望得到对方的肯定回答,应用some。所以第一空用any,第二空用some。故选D。 3.D　考查复合不定代词辨析。由“学习是终身的旅程”可知,它每天带给我们新的东西。肯定句中通常用something,故选D。 4.B　考查复合不定代词辨析。由条件状语从句“如果我们下定决心去做它”可知, 此处应表达“没有什么困难的事情”。句中已有否定词not, 故选B。 一．完形填空 （24-25九年级下·广东广州·开学考试）On 27 April, 2024, a powerful tornado (龙卷 风) struck Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. The tornado occurred around 3:00 p. m. and caused great damage to Zhongluotan and four 1 villages. According to the experts, the tornado was at level three, which means it’s 2 strong tornado. They 3 found out that tornado’s impact path was more than 1.7 kilometres, with a maximum (最大的) impact width of about 280 metres. By 10:00 p. m., search and rescue operations had been largely completed. 4 , the disaster resulted in five deaths and 33 injuries. The injured were sent to hospitals in time. A total of 141 factories were damaged, 5 there were no reports of fallen buildings where people live. After the disaster, six working groups 6 to help, including those for rescue, repair, post-disaster support, and so on. Policemen, firemen, and medical workers 7 the town and villages worked together to provide search and rescue support. More than 300 emergency workers tried 8 best to deal with the natural disaster. A 76-year-old man 9 lives in Zhongluotan said he had never seen such a powerful tornado before. “Many tin-roofed houses were blown away by the tornado and the strong winds, and I was 10 afraid,” he said. “Many people were too scared 11 out, as it was dark outside on Saturday afternoon.” One of the survivors arrived at the hospital in great pain, but 12 he received compassionate (有同情心的) care. According to Nanfang Metropolis Daily, at least seven tornadoes 13 Guangzhou in the past ten years. Now people around the world are working on 14 when a tornado will occur. There are still difficult 15 to solve. 1．A．others B．other C．the others D．another 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．also B．too C．either D．neither 4．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily D．Unluckily 5．A．and B．or C．but D．so 6．A．send B．sent C．were sending D．were sent 7．A．as B．with C．from D．on 8．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 9．A．who B．which C．what D．whom 10．A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 11．A．go B．going C．to go D．gone 12．A．late B．later C．latest D．lately 13．A．hits B．have hit C．were hitting D．will hit 14．A．forecast B．forecasts C．to forecast D．forecasting 15．A．problem B．problems C．problem’s D．problems’ 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了2024年4月27日一场龙卷风造成的破坏、影响以及各方的应对情况，包括人员伤亡、工厂受损、工作组救援等。 1．句意：龙卷风大约在下午3点发生，对钟落潭和其他四个村庄造成了巨大破坏。 others其他的人或物（代词复数形式）；other其他的（形容词，后接名词复数）；the others其余的（特定范围内的其他全部，代词复数形式）；another又一，另一（三者或三者以上中的另一个，后接可数名词单数）。根据“caused great damage to Zhongluotan and four ... villages”可知，这里表示龙卷风对钟落潭和其他四个村庄造成了巨大破坏，“four other villages”表示“其他四个村庄”，“other”表示“其他的”，后接复数名词。故选B。 2．句意：根据专家说法，这场龙卷风为三级，这意味着它是一场强烈的龙卷风。 a一个（不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前）；an一个（不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前）；the这，那（定冠词，表特指）；/零冠词。根据“it’s ... strong tornado”可知，这里表示这里表示一场强烈的龙卷风，“strong”是以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“a”。故选A。 3．句意：他们还发现龙卷风的影响路径超过1.7公里，最大影响宽度约280米。 also也（用于肯定句，通常位于句中，实义动词前，be 动词、助动词、情态动词后）；too也（用于肯定句，通常位于句末，用逗号隔开）；either也（用于否定句，通常位于句末，用逗号隔开）；neither两者都不（用于否定两者的情况）。根据“They ... found out that tornado’s impact path was more than 1.7 kilometres”可知，这里表示他们还发现龙卷风的影响路径超过1.7公里，“also”用于肯定句，通常放在句中。故选A。 4．句意：不幸的是，这场灾难导致5人死亡，33人受伤。 Luck运气（名词）；Lucky幸运的（形容词）；Luckily幸运地（副词）；Unluckily不幸地（副词）。根据“the disaster resulted in five deaths and 33 injuries”可知这是不幸的事。故选D。 5．句意：共有141家工厂受损，但没有人员居住的建筑物倒塌的报告。 and和，并且；or或者，否则；but但是；so所以。“141 factories were damaged”和“there were no reports of fallen buildings where people live”之间是转折关系。故选C。 6．句意：灾难发生后，六个工作组被派去提供帮助，包括救援、修复、灾后支援等工作组。 send发送（动词原形）；sent发送（send的过去式和过去分词）；were sending正在发送（过去进行时结构）；were sent被发送（一般过去时的被动语态结构）。“six working groups”和“send”之间是被动关系，即“工作组被派去”，且事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态“were sent”。故选D。 7．句意：来自城镇和村庄的警察、消防员和医护人员共同努力提供搜救支持。 as作为；with和……一起；from从……；on在……上面。“policemen, firemen, and medical workers from the town and villages”表示“来自城镇和村庄的警察、消防员和医护人员”，“from”表示“来自”。故选C。 8．句意：300 多名应急人员尽他们最大的努力应对这场自然灾害。 they他们（主格，作主语）；them他们（宾格，作宾语）；their他们的（形容词性物主代词，后接名词）；theirs他们的（名词性物主代词，相当于“their+名词”）。根据“More than 300 emergency workers tried ... best to deal with the natural disaster.”可知，这里表示300 多名应急人员尽他们最大的努力应对这场自然灾害。“try one’s best to do sth.”表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”，这里主语是“More than 300 emergency workers”，所以用“their”。故选C。 9．句意：一位住在钟落潭的76岁老人说，他以前从未见过如此强大的龙卷风。 who谁；which哪一个；what 什么；whom谁。根据“A 76-year-old man ... lives in Zhongluotan said”可知，这里先行词是“A 76-year-old man”，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词“who”。故选A。 10．句意：他说：“许多铁皮屋顶的房子被龙卷风和强风吹走了，我有点害怕。” little几乎没有（修饰不可数名词，表否定含义）；a little一点（修饰不可数名词，表肯定含义）；few几乎没有（修饰可数名词复数，表否定含义）；a few 一些（修饰可数名词复数，表肯定含义）。根据“Many tin-roofed houses were blown away by the tornado and the strong winds, and I was ... afraid”可知，这里表示许多铁皮屋顶的房子被龙卷风和强风吹走了，我有点害怕。“a little”可以修饰形容词，表示“有点儿”，“I was a little afraid”表示“我有点儿害怕”。故选B。 11．句意：“很多人太害怕了不敢出去，因为周六下午外面很黑。” go去（动词原形）；going去（go的现在分词形式）； to go去（动词不定式形式）；gone去（go的过去分词形式）。根据“Many people were too scared to go out”可知，这里表示“很多人太害怕而不敢出去”。“too... to...”表示“太……而不能……”。故选C。 12．句意：其中一名幸存者痛苦地到达医院，但后来他得到了同情的照顾。 late晚的；迟的（形容词、副词）；later后来；以后（副词，常用于一段时间后）；latest最新的；最近的（late的最高级，形容词）；lately最近（副词，常用于现在完成时）。根据“One of the survivors arrived at the hospital in great pain, but ... he received compassionate care.”可知，这里表示其中一名幸存者痛苦地到达医院，但后来他得到了同情的照顾，“later”表示“后来”。故选B。 13．句意：据《南方都市报》报道，在过去10年里，至少有七场龙卷风袭击了广州。 hits打击；撞击（hit 的第三人称单数形式）；have hit已经打击；撞击（现在完成时结构）；were hitting正在打击；撞击（过去进行时结构）；will hit将会打击；撞击（一般将来时结构）。根据“in the past t years”可知要用现在完成时，主语“at least seven tornadoes”是复数，所以用“have hit”。故选B。 14．句意：现在世界各地的人们都在致力于预测龙卷风何时会发生。 forecast预测（动词原形，也可作名词）；forecasts预测（forecast的第三人称单数形式，动词或名词复数）；to forecast预测（动词不定式形式）；forecasting 预测（forecast的现在分词形式）。根据“Now people around the world are working on ... when a tornado will occur”可知，这里表示现在世界各地的人们都在致力于预测龙卷风何时会发生。“work on doing sth.”表示“致力于做某事”，所以用“forecasting”。故选D。 15．句意：仍然有一些难题需要解决。 problem问题（可数名词单数）；problems问题（可数名词复数）；problem’s问题的（problem的单数名词所有格形式）；problems’问题们的（problems的复数名词所有格形式）。根据“There are”可知，后接可数名词复数，“problem”是可数名词，所以用“problems”。故选B。 二．语法填空 A （24-25八年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空使短文完整。 Did you experience an earthquake (地震)? There was a bad earthquake in Mexico City on September 19th, 1984. A lot of buildings 1 (sudden) fell down, and hundreds of people were in danger. Many people 2 sleeping at that time. After the earthquake, 40% of Mexico City was without electricity (电). It was reported that about 230 people died in the earthquake. Lots of people in Mexico City became 3 (volunteer) to help others. Some people in other areas also offered 4 (help). They took risks bringing clean water, enough clothes and food to Mexico City. Some doctors and nurses 5 (begin) to give people medicine and tried their best to help people on crowded streets. The aftershock (余震) happened 6 the evening of September 20th. It was the 7 (strong) after shock in Mexico. “I told my students two things. First, we should protect 8 (we), because it is not a game. 9 , (two) we should get ready for everything in time.” said Adelina, a teacher of the Morelos Middle School. 10 all the buildings in the school were broken, everyone was safe. Because both the students and the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 【答案】1．suddenly 2．were 3．volunteers 4．to help 5．began 6．on 7．strongest 8．ourselves 9．Second 10．Although 【导语】本文讲述了1984年9月19日墨西哥城发生严重地震，许多建筑倒塌，人员遇险，余震情况以及人们的救援行动等。   1．句意：许多建筑物突然倒塌，数百人处于危险之中。根据“fell down”可知，这里需要用副词来修饰动词，“sudden”的副词形式是“suddenly”，用来描述建筑物倒塌的状态。故填suddenly。 2．句意：那时许多人正在睡觉。根据“at that time”以及语境可知，这里表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时“were/was + 现在分词”，主语“Many people”是复数，所以用were。故填were。 3．句意：墨西哥城的许多人成为志愿者去帮助他人。根据“Lots of people”可知，这里“volunteer”要用复数形式，表示很多人成为志愿者。故填volunteers。 4．句意：其他地区的一些人也主动提供帮助。“offer to do sth.”表示“主动提出做某事”，这里要用“help”的不定式形式“to help”。故填to help。 5．句意：一些医生和护士开始给人们发放药品，并在拥挤的街道上竭尽全力帮助人们。根据“and tried”可知，这里要用一般过去时，“begin”的过去式是began。故填began。 6．句意：余震发生在9月20日晚上。根据“the evening of September 20th”可知，在具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上要用介词on。故填on。 7．句意：这是墨西哥最强的余震。根据“the”以及“The aftershock (余震) happened…the evening of September 20th. It was the…(strong) after shock in Mexico.”可知，此处表示最强的余震，这里要用“strong”的最高级形式“strongest”，表示“最强的”。故填strongest。 8．句意：首先，我们应该保护自己，因为这不是一场游戏。根据“we”以及语境可知，这里表示“保护我们自己”，要用“we”的反身代词形式“ourselves”。故填ourselves。 9．句意：其次，我们应该及时为一切做好准备。根据“First”以及语境可知，这里是列举第二条，要用“two”对应的序数词“Second”，表示“其次”。故填Second。 10．句意：尽管学校里所有的建筑物都损坏了，但每个人都很安全。根据“all the buildings in the school were broken”和“everyone was safe”之间是让步关系，所以用“Although”引导让步状语从句。故填Although。 B （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·开学考试）语法填空 Mr. and Mrs. Lin couldn’t forget that day. The old couple was 1 vacation at the top of a mountain. They were taking a walk in the early afternoon, suddenly when the ground started to shake. Two minutes later, everything 2 (change) completely! They were in the middle of a very strong earthquake! The Lins tried 3 (find) some other people first. One by one, they found fifty-three people. Many were tourists. Soon it was dark and it started to rain 4 (heavy). Some cried and some lost hope. At that moment, Mr. Lin decided to take the lead. He called for everyone’s attention and said, “The roads are too 5 (danger). We can’t go down the mountain 6 tomorrow. We must stay here tonight.” Then Mr. Lin and a few young 7 (man) went back to the hotel to look 8 food and water. They found some, 9 not enough for everyone. The young people gave 10 (they) to the older ones. After that, Mr. Lin divided the people into five 11 (group). Each group had a leader. He also collected all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one. They used them 12 flash lights. Every thirty minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones. And the light in the dark rainy night made everyone 13 (feel) safe. Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain. It was a 14 (hard) journey, but the group members encouraged and supported each other. After twelve hours’ walking, they finally got out safely. By then, it was thirty hours after the earthquake. All of them were tired but they felt 415 (luck) because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. 【答案】1．on 2．changed 3．to find 4．heavily 5．dangerous 6．until 7．men 8．for 9．but 10．theirs 11．groups 12．as 13．feel 14．hard 15．lucky 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了林先生和妻子在山顶度假时遭遇地震，林先生带领一群人团结互助，最终安全脱险的故事。 1．句意：这对老夫妇在山顶度假。“on vacation”是固定短语，意思是“度假”，符合语境。故填on。 2．句意：两分钟后，一切都完全改变了！根据上文“They were taking a walk in the early afternoon, suddenly when the ground started to shake.”可知，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，“change”的过去式是“changed”。故填changed。 3．句意：林夫妇首先试图找到一些其他人。“try to do sth.”是固定用法，意思是“试图做某事”，这里表示试图找其他人，所以用“to find”。故填to find。 4．句意：很快天黑了，并且开始下大雨。“rain”是动词，要用副词修饰，“heavy”是形容词，其副词形式是“heavily”，“rain heavily”表示“下大雨”。故填heavily。 5．句意：道路太危险了。“are”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“danger”是名词，其形容词形式是“dangerous”，意为 “危险的”。故填dangerous。 6．句意：直到明天我们才能下山。“not...until...”是固定搭配，意思是“直到……才……”，符合语境，这里表示直到明天才能下山。故填until。 7．句意：然后林先生和几个年轻人回到酒店去找食物和水。“a few”后接可数名词复数，“man”的复数形式是“men”。故填men。 8．句意：然后林先生和几个年轻人回到酒店去找食物和水。“look for”是固定短语，意思是“寻找”，符合语境。故填for。 9．句意：他们找到了一些，但是不够每个人吃。根据“They found some”和“not enough for everyone”可知，前后句之间是转折关系，用“but”连接。故填but。 10．句意：年轻人把它们给了年纪大的人。“gave”是动词，后接宾格代词作宾语，“they”的宾格形式是“them”，这里指代找到的食物和水。故填them。 11．句意：在那之后，林先生把人们分成了五组。“five”后接可数名词复数，“group”的复数形式是“groups”。故填groups。 12．句意：他们把它们当作手电筒用。“use sth. as...”是固定用法，意思是“把某物当作……用”，这里表示把手机当作手电筒用，所以用“as”。故填as。 13．句意：黑暗雨夜中的灯光让每个人都感到安全。“make sb. do sth.”是固定用法，意思是“让某人做某事”，“feel”是动词，意为“感觉”，这里用动词原形。故填feel。 14．句意：这是一段艰难的旅程，但是小组成员们互相鼓励和支持。“journey”是名词，前面用形容词修饰，“hard”是形容词，意为“艰难的”，符合语境。故填hard。 15．句意：他们都很累，但是他们感到幸运，因为他们是一个特殊团队的一部分。“feel”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“luck”是名词，其形容词形式是“lucky”，意为“幸运的”。故填lucky。 C （24-25八年级上·辽宁营口·期末）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The last Monday in March is an important day in China. It is a day for school safety education. This year, the day falls 1 March 25th. It helps students learn more about safety in order to make sure they are safe. The main 2 (accident) at school are stampedes (踩踏), earthquakes and fires. A stampede always happens in 3 (crowd) places. When students begin to push, stand there and try 4 (hold) onto something. If you fall down with many people around, put your hands around your head 5 move to one side. Remember to bend (弯) your body and legs. Earthquakes happen all over the world. Get under a desk 6 (quick) when you feel everything is moving. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees, as well as power lines. When there is a fire, 7 (leave) the classroom as fast as possible. It’s better to put something wet over your mouth and nose. This way, you won’t breathe (呼吸) in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of 8 fire, but smoke. It makes them cough (咳嗽). It stops people 9 (get) in fresh air. That’s very dangerous! The best way to get out is to make 10 (you) lower to the floor. 【答案】1．on 2．accidents 3．crowded 4．to hold 5．and 6．quickly 7．leave 8．the 9．getting 10．yourself 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国三月最后一个星期一是学校安全教育日，详细说明了学校常见的安全事故，如踩踏、地震、火灾等发生时学生应采取的应对措施，旨在帮助学生增强安全意识，保障自身安全。 1．句意：今年，这一天是3月25日。根据“the day falls...March 25th”可知，在具体日期前用介词on，这里表示学校安全教育日在3月25日这一天，所以用on。故填on。 2．句意：学校里的主要事故是踩踏、地震和火灾。根据“The main... (accident) at school are...”可知，这里需要用名词复数形式表示多种事故，accident的复数是accidents。故填accidents。 3．句意：踩踏总是发生在拥挤的地方。根据“in... (crowd) places”可知，这里需要一个形容词修饰places，crowd 的形容词形式是crowded“拥挤的”。故填crowded。 4．句意：当学生们开始推搡时，站在那里并试着抓住某物。根据“try... (hold) onto something”可知，try to do sth.“试着做某事”是固定用法，所以用to hold。故填to hold。 5．句意：如果你和很多人一起摔倒了，用手护住头并移到一边。根据“put your hands around your head...move to one side”可知，说明摔倒后的连续动作是护头和移动到一边，这里表示并列关系，用and连接两个动作。故填and。 6．句意：当你感觉一切都在晃动时，迅速躲到桌子下面。根据“Get under a desk... (quick)”可知，这里需要一个副词修饰动词get，quick的副词形式是quickly“迅速地”。故填quickly。 7．句意：发生火灾时，尽快离开教室。根据“... (leave) the classroom as fast as possible”可知，这里是祈使句，用动词原形开头，所以用leave。故填leave。 8．句意：许多人在火灾中丧生，不是因为火，而是因为烟。根据“not because of...fire”可知，这里表示特指火灾，用定冠词the。故填the。 9．句意：它阻止人们呼吸新鲜空气。根据“stops people... (get) in fresh air”可知，stop sb doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，所以用getting。故填getting。 10．句意：最好的逃生方法是让自己贴近地面。根据“make... (you) lower to the floor”可知，原文中说明火灾逃生的具体做法是让自己处于较低位置贴近地面，这里需要用反身代词表示“自己”，you的反身代词是yourself。故填yourself。 D （24-25八年级上·山东烟台·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When the news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area, Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. With no light outside, it 1 (feel) like midnight. Everyone was busy. Ben’s dad was 2 (put) pieces of wood over the windows. Ben’s mom was making sure the flashlights and radio 3 (be) working. She also put candles and 4 (match) on the table. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when it rained 5 (heavy). After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard 6 (have) fun. Ben could hardly get to sleep that night, and 7 (final) he fell asleep when the wind was 8 (die) down at around 3: 00 a.m. After he woke up, he went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the storm 9 (break) many things apart, it 10 (bring) families and neighbors closer together. 【答案】1．felt 2．putting 3．were 4．matches 5．heavily 6．to have 7．finally 8．dying 9．broke 10．brought 【导语】本文主要讲述了本的小区遭受了暴风雨的袭击，人们一起清理社区。虽然暴风雨破坏了很多东西，但是它让家庭和社区走得更近了。 1．句意：外面没有灯光，感觉就像半夜一样。feel“感觉”。结合语境和“could”可知，句子为一般过去时，故此处应用过去式felt。故填felt。 2．句意：本的爸爸正在把几块木头放在窗户上。put“放”。根据“was”和“Ben’s mom was making sure...”可知，此处为过去进行时，空格处应用现在分词putting。故填putting。 3．句意：本的妈妈正在检查手电筒和收音机是否正常工作。be“是”。结合语境可知，句子为一般过去时，由于空格处句子主语the flashlights and radio为复数，故此处应用were。故填were。 4．句意：她还把蜡烛和火柴放在桌子上。match“火柴”。根据“candles and”可知，空格处和candles为并列关系，故此处也应用复数形式。故填matches。 5．句意：本正在帮妈妈做晚饭，这时下起了大雨。heavy“重的”。根据“when it rained”可知，空格处修饰动词rained，应用副词，heavily“大量地，沉重地”。故填heavily。 6．句意：晚饭后，他们试着玩纸牌游戏，但很难玩得开心。have“有”。have fun“玩得开心”，it is/was+adj+to do sth“做某事是……的”。故填to have。 7．句意：那天晚上，本几乎无法入睡，直到凌晨3点左右，风渐渐小了，他才睡着。final“最终的”。根据“Ben could hardly get to sleep that night, and...he fell asleep”可知，最终他睡着了，修饰句子应用副词finally。故填finally。 8．句意：那天晚上，本几乎无法入睡，直到凌晨3点左右，风渐渐小了，他才睡着。die“消失，灭亡”。根据“when the wind was”可知，when引导的时间状语从句是过去进行时，die的现在分词是dying。故填dying。 9．句意：虽然这场风暴把许多东西拆散了，但它使家庭和邻居们走得更近了。break“打破”。结合语境可知，句子为一般过去时，故此处应用过去式。故填broke。 10．句意：虽然这场风暴把许多东西拆散了，但它使家庭和邻居们走得更近了。bring“带来”。结合语境可知，句子为一般过去时，故此处应用过去式。故填brought。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit2 Safety 核心语法精练（must, have to，should的基本用法，复合不定代词的基本用法） 目录 1 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 一． must, have to的基本用法 1 二．情态动词should 2 三、复合不定代词 3 4 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一．选择填空 4 二. 用适合的复合不定代词填空 9 10 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 10 一．完形填空 10 二．语法填空 13 一． must, have to的基本用法 （1）must表示责任、义务或一种强制性规定，意为“必须，应该”，表示必须要做的事，其否定式mustn’t表示禁止，即不许对方做某事。如： ---- May I go to the cinema, Mum? ---- Certainly. But you must be back by 11 o’clock. These books mustn’t be taken out of the reading room. You have to read them here. （2）“must be+表语”表示猜测、可能性，一般只用于肯定句中，意为“一定，肯定”，表示可能性很大，语气比may肯定，通常用于肯定句，在否定句中要用can’t，表示“不可能”。如： There must be some mistakes. 肯定有一些错误。// You must be very tired. 你一定很累了。 Your mother must be waiting for you now. 你妈妈现在一定在等你 （3）回答must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，如果是否定的回答，要用needn’t或don’t have to，表示“不必”，“没有必要”的意思，不用mustn’t，因为mustn’t表示禁止或不准，意思是“一定不要”，“不应该”，“不许可”，“不准”，“禁止”。如：---- Must I finish the work before five o’clock? ---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to. （4）“have to”表示客观需要，意为“不得不、必须”，有人称、时态和数的变化，后跟动词原形。如： She has to look after her little sister. 她不得不照顾她的小妹妹。 I have to do some washing. 我必须洗洗衣服。// I had to do my homework last night. 昨晚我不得不做作业。 （5）have to 的否定式和疑问式一般要借用助动词do的适当形式构成。have to 的否定式是don’t have to; has to 的否定式是doesn’t have to; had to 的否定式是didn’t have to。have to的疑问式同样也借用助动词do的相应形式构成。如：He doesn’t have to do the homework now. 他没有必要现在做作业。 ---- Do I have to go there now? 我现在就得去那儿吗？ ---- Yes, you do.（No, you don’t have to.）是的，你必须去。（不，你不必。） We didn’t have to answer the question yesterday. 昨天我们没有必要回答这个问题。 （6）must 与 have to 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观意愿；have to 一般强调客观需要，它比must更含有客观条件迫使，必须这样做的意思。如：I must do my homework first. 我必须首先做家庭作业。(主观意愿) If I buy that car, I’ll have to borrow some money. 如果我要买那辆汽车，我得借些钱。(客观需要) 二．情态动词should should为情态动词,后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。其用法如下: (1)表示提出或征询建议,意为"应该"。 I think you should save some money for your father’s birthday.我认为你应该为你爸爸的生日攒些钱。 (2)表示责任或义务,意为"应该,应当"。 We should follow the rules in public.在公共场合我们应该遵守规则。 (3)表示肯定又留有余地的推测,意为"应,应该",语气弱于must"一定"(表示推测)。 Don’t worry. Kate should arrive soon.别担心。凯特应该很快就到了。 (4)表示说话人的特殊情感,如惊奇、愤怒、失望等,常与what、 how、 why、 who连用。 Don’t ask me. How should I know?不要问我。我怎么会知道? 三、复合不定代词 1.常用复合不定代词 something某事物 somebody某人 someone某人 anything某事/任何事 anybody某人/任何人 anyone某人/任何人 everything每件事物 everybody每个人 everyone任何人 nothing没有东西 nobody没有人 no one没有人 2. 复合不定代词用法 ①复合不定代词后面的动词用第三人称单数形式 There is someone on the phone for you有人给你打电话 Everyone is busy and can not go to the party每个人都忙而不能去参加聚会 ②形容词或不定式修饰复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等时，通常要放在不定代词的后面 something important某件重要的事 anything interesting任何有趣的事 nothing exciting没有令人兴奋的事 Is there anything important in today’s paper? 今天报上有什么重要的消息吗？ ③当主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everybody, nobody, anybody等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they, 在正式文体中也可以用he Everyone is here, aren’t they / isn’t he? 每个人都到了，是吗？ 当主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everything, something, anything, nothing等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词it Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切准备好了，是吗？ ④与no-构成的复合不定代词本身就是否定意义，所以一定要与肯定的动词连用 Nobody likes to get into trouble没有谁愿意惹麻烦 not与由every-构成的复合不定代词是部分否定，意为“并非都；不都” I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with everything 我同意你所说的大部分，但不是全部 3.复合不定代词辨析 ①somebody / someone / something 用于肯定句 There is somebody / someone waiting outside外面有人在等你 There is something wrong with my bike我的自行车出了点毛病 在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答、想要鼓励对方给予肯定答复或表达请求、建议时，也可以用 Can somebody / someone help me? 有人能帮我吗？ Do you want something to drink? = Would you like something to drink? 你想来点喝的吗？ ②anybody / anyone / anything 用于否定句或一般疑问句。注意：当肯定句中有hardly, never, seldom等具有否定意义的词时，要使用anybody, anyone或anything Did anybody come here while I was away? 当我离开时有人来这儿吗？ He doesn’t like anything I do or say他不喜欢我做得或说得任何事 He can hardly see anything before the operation在手术前他几乎看不到任何东西 Hardly anybody came to the meeting几乎没人来参加会议 ③nobody / no one / nothing 用于句中表示否定意义。nobody = not anybody nothing = not anything 注意：如果需要用一个否定词来做句子的开头，那么就必须用nothing / nobody / no one,而不能用not…anything / anyone / anybody I saw nobody / no one / nothing = I didn’t see anybody / anyone / anything 我没看到人/东西 一．选择填空 1．（24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试）If you want to keep fit, you ________ eat too much junk food. A．should B．shouldn’t C．need D．needn’t 2．（24-25七年级下·云南昭通·期末）—All of us ________ listen to the teachers carefully in class. —You’re right. A．should B．can C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 3．（25-26九年级·全国·假期作业）Shh...! This is a library. You ______ keep your voice down. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 4．（25-26八年级上·全国·假期作业）—I’ve got a toothache, Mom. —Oh, you ________ eat too much candy. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．should D．need 5．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）— I really like this video game, mum. Why must I stop playing it? — For your health, my dear. You ________ go out to take in fresh air and relax your eyes. A．could B．couldn’t C．should D．shouldn’t 6．（24-25八年级下·江苏常州·期中）—Kitty, you ________ eat in the reading room. Look at the library rules. —I’m sorry. I won’t do it again. A．mustn’t B．can C．needn’t D．don’t have to 7．（24-25七年级下·山东临沂·期中）Students ________ play with fire in the classroom. It’s quite dangerous. A．mustn’t B．must C．needn’t D．can 8．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）This book ________ Lucy’s, because her name is on it. A．may be B．can’t be C．must be D．mustn’t be 9．（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）—Thanks for your warm treat. I have to go home now. —My pleasure. But you ________ drive your car after drinking so much wine. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．couldn’t 10．（24-25七年级下·甘肃白银·期末）—The trip is too long, so you _____ feel tired on the way. —It doesn’t matter. I’ll sleep on the train. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．should D．must 11．（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）—Mom, I don’t want to say sorry to Lisa. —I’m afraid you ________. After all, you lost her favourite book. A．may B．mustn’t C．have to D．needn’t 12．（24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试）You ________ listen to the teacher carefully in class. A．can B．may C．have to D．need 13．（24-25七年级下·湖北武汉·期中）—Are there any rules in Teng Fei’s home? — Yes, of course. He has to ________ his homework before playing basketball after school. A．finish B．finishing C．finishes D．finished 14．（24-25七年级下·四川广元·期中）—Excuse me, must I leave my bag in the locker? —________. You can take it with you. Enjoy shopping at Youhao Supermarket. A．Yes, you must B．No, you mustn’t C．Yes, you have to D．No, you don’t have to 15．（24-25八年级下·江苏徐州·期末）You ________ bring your student card every time you to the library, but remember to bring your library card. A．must B．mustn’t C．have to D．don’t have to 16．（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）You must feel very tired after 2 hours’ waiting at the crossroad. In fact, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to rest. A．don’t have to B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 17．（24-25七年级下·甘肃武威·期中）—Susan, would you like to go shopping with us this afternoon? —I’d love to, but I ________ study for my English tests. A．may B．have to C．can D．has to 18．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—Must I bring my student card to renew these two books? —No, you ________. You must bring your library card. A．can’t B．may not C．don’t have to D．mustn’t 19．（2025七年级下·安徽·专题练习）—Can we wear our own clothes at school? —No, we ________. We ________ wear the school uniform. A．can’t; have to B．mustn’t; can C．can; must D．needn’t; may 20．（24-25八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）— Jim, we ______ buy Mom gifts. We can clean the house from top to bottom. — Good idea! It’s a special present for Mother’s Day. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 二. 用适合的复合不定代词填空 1. The girl was too shy. She didn’t talk to _______________ that night. 2. This is a secret. You mustn’t tell _______________. 3. At first, it was very quiet. Later, _______________ began to cough. 4. The question was so difficult that _______________ could answer it. 5. The foreigner was shouting. But _______________ knew what he was talking about. 6. What’s on TV tonight? Is there _______________ interesting? 7. Can I have _______________ to drink, please? 8. These questions are too difficult. I think _______________ can answer them. 9. Kitty is sitting alone. She isn’t with _______________. 10. You can buy a lot of things with money, but not _______________. 三.用复合不定代词填空 1.I didn’t see 　　　on the floor. What about you?  2.Listen! 　　　is knocking at the door.   3.—Is there 　　　waiting for us in front of the gate? —No, there is 　　　.  4.　　　 is difficult if you put your heart into it.  四.单项选择 1.Is there 　　　bread in the kitchen? A.any B.some C.many D.a 2.—After a long walk, I am so thirsty, but there isn’t 　　　water here. Could you get 　　　for me?  —With pleasure! A.some;some B.any;any C.some;any D.any;some 3.Learning is a lifelong journey, for it brings us　　　 new every day. A.everything B.nothing C.anything D.something 4.I always believe that there isn’t 　　　difficult if we set our mind to it.  A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing 一．完形填空 （24-25九年级下·广东广州·开学考试）On 27 April, 2024, a powerful tornado (龙卷 风) struck Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. The tornado occurred around 3:00 p. m. and caused great damage to Zhongluotan and four 1 villages. According to the experts, the tornado was at level three, which means it’s 2 strong tornado. They 3 found out that tornado’s impact path was more than 1.7 kilometres, with a maximum (最大的) impact width of about 280 metres. By 10:00 p. m., search and rescue operations had been largely completed. 4 , the disaster resulted in five deaths and 33 injuries. The injured were sent to hospitals in time. A total of 141 factories were damaged, 5 there were no reports of fallen buildings where people live. After the disaster, six working groups 6 to help, including those for rescue, repair, post-disaster support, and so on. Policemen, firemen, and medical workers 7 the town and villages worked together to provide search and rescue support. More than 300 emergency workers tried 8 best to deal with the natural disaster. A 76-year-old man 9 lives in Zhongluotan said he had never seen such a powerful tornado before. “Many tin-roofed houses were blown away by the tornado and the strong winds, and I was 10 afraid,” he said. “Many people were too scared 11 out, as it was dark outside on Saturday afternoon.” One of the survivors arrived at the hospital in great pain, but 12 he received compassionate (有同情心的) care. According to Nanfang Metropolis Daily, at least seven tornadoes 13 Guangzhou in the past ten years. Now people around the world are working on 14 when a tornado will occur. There are still difficult 15 to solve. 1．A．others B．other C．the others D．another 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．also B．too C．either D．neither 4．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily D．Unluckily 5．A．and B．or C．but D．so 6．A．send B．sent C．were sending D．were sent 7．A．as B．with C．from D．on 8．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 9．A．who B．which C．what D．whom 10．A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 11．A．go B．going C．to go D．gone 12．A．late B．later C．latest D．lately 13．A．hits B．have hit C．were hitting D．will hit 14．A．forecast B．forecasts C．to forecast D．forecasting 15．A．problem B．problems C．problem’s D．problems’ 二．语法填空 A （24-25八年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空使短文完整。 Did you experience an earthquake (地震)? There was a bad earthquake in Mexico City on September 19th, 1984. A lot of buildings 1 (sudden) fell down, and hundreds of people were in danger. Many people 2 sleeping at that time. After the earthquake, 40% of Mexico City was without electricity (电). It was reported that about 230 people died in the earthquake. Lots of people in Mexico City became 3 (volunteer) to help others. Some people in other areas also offered 4 (help). They took risks bringing clean water, enough clothes and food to Mexico City. Some doctors and nurses 5 (begin) to give people medicine and tried their best to help people on crowded streets. The aftershock (余震) happened 6 the evening of September 20th. It was the 7 (strong) after shock in Mexico. “I told my students two things. First, we should protect 8 (we), because it is not a game. 9 , (two) we should get ready for everything in time.” said Adelina, a teacher of the Morelos Middle School. 10 all the buildings in the school were broken, everyone was safe. Because both the students and the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. B （24-25八年级下·吉林长春·开学考试）语法填空 Mr. and Mrs. Lin couldn’t forget that day. The old couple was 1 vacation at the top of a mountain. They were taking a walk in the early afternoon, suddenly when the ground started to shake. Two minutes later, everything 2 (change) completely! They were in the middle of a very strong earthquake! The Lins tried 3 (find) some other people first. One by one, they found fifty-three people. Many were tourists. Soon it was dark and it started to rain 4 (heavy). Some cried and some lost hope. At that moment, Mr. Lin decided to take the lead. He called for everyone’s attention and said, “The roads are too 5 (danger). We can’t go down the mountain 6 tomorrow. We must stay here tonight.” Then Mr. Lin and a few young 7 (man) went back to the hotel to look 8 food and water. They found some, 9 not enough for everyone. The young people gave 10 (they) to the older ones. After that, Mr. Lin divided the people into five 11 (group). Each group had a leader. He also collected all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one. They used them 12 flash lights. Every thirty minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones. And the light in the dark rainy night made everyone 13 (feel) safe. Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain. It was a 14 (hard) journey, but the group members encouraged and supported each other. After twelve hours’ walking, they finally got out safely. By then, it was thirty hours after the earthquake. All of them were tired but they felt 415 (luck) because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. C （24-25八年级上·辽宁营口·期末）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The last Monday in March is an important day in China. It is a day for school safety education. This year, the day falls 1 March 25th. It helps students learn more about safety in order to make sure they are safe. The main 2 (accident) at school are stampedes (踩踏), earthquakes and fires. A stampede always happens in 3 (crowd) places. When students begin to push, stand there and try 4 (hold) onto something. If you fall down with many people around, put your hands around your head 5 move to one side. Remember to bend (弯) your body and legs. Earthquakes happen all over the world. Get under a desk 6 (quick) when you feel everything is moving. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees, as well as power lines. When there is a fire, 7 (leave) the classroom as fast as possible. It’s better to put something wet over your mouth and nose. This way, you won’t breathe (呼吸) in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of 8 fire, but smoke. It makes them cough (咳嗽). It stops people 9 (get) in fresh air. That’s very dangerous! The best way to get out is to make 10 (you) lower to the floor. D （24-25八年级上·山东烟台·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When the news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area, Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. With no light outside, it 1 (feel) like midnight. Everyone was busy. Ben’s dad was 2 (put) pieces of wood over the windows. Ben’s mom was making sure the flashlights and radio 3 (be) working. She also put candles and 4 (match) on the table. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when it rained 5 (heavy). After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard 6 (have) fun. Ben could hardly get to sleep that night, and 7 (final) he fell asleep when the wind was 8 (die) down at around 3: 00 a.m. After he woke up, he went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the storm 9 (break) many things apart, it 10 (bring) families and neighbors closer together. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$