Unit 4 The Earth 讲义 2026-2027学年沪教版英语七年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格梳理、分层练习和语法框架构建知识体系，涵盖核心词汇（含单词表、短语表及词性转换）、重点句型（there be句型用法）和文化语篇（塞罕坝案例），按“基础积累-能力运用-综合拓展”递进呈现，清晰展现重难点分布与内在逻辑联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与文化渗透，基础巩固题如单词拼写夯实词汇基础，能力提升题如语篇选词填空培养语言运用能力，综合题如翻译句子结合塞罕坝案例深化文化意识。易错点提醒与参考答案支持学生自主复习，教师可据此实施分层教学，助力提升语言能力与思维品质。

沪教牛津版（广州·2024新版）七年级英语上册 Unit 4 The Earth · 地球 （2024新版教材 · 含分板块分层练习与单元综合练习） 一、单元概述 ■ 单元主题：The Earth（地球） ■ 关键问题（Key question）：Why should we learn about the Earth? ■ 单元目标（I can）： • share some amazing facts about the Earth • understand why the sea is important, and how pollution is harming sea animals • describe the problems our planet is facing • explain ways to protect the Earth ■ 核心语法：Using there is / are …（there be 句型） ■ Focus on culture：本单元聚焦“人与自然”：塞罕坝曾是皇家猎苑，后来因火灾、战争与滥伐变成荒漠，并给北京一带带来沙尘暴。课文讲述三代林业工作者用几十年时间把它重新变成世界上最大的人工林，引导思考植树造林、防风固沙等保护地球的行动。 ■ Project：制作“保护地球”海报 / 行动建议 二、核心词汇 （一）单词表（Words and expressions） 序号 单词 音标 词性 中文释义 1 system ˈsɪstəm n. 系统 2 file faɪl n. 档案 3 amazing əˈmeɪzɪŋ adj. 令人大为 惊奇的 4 planet ˈplænət n. 行星 5 *billion *ˈbɪljən num. 十亿 6 cover ˈkəvər v. 盖；覆盖 7 area ˈɛriə n. 地区；地域 8 freezing ˈfrizɪŋ adj. 极冷的 9 north nɔrθ n. 北；北方 10 pole poʊl n. （行星的）极；地极 11 desert ˈdɛzərt n. 沙漠；荒漠 12 metre ˈmitər n. 米 13 reach riʧ v. 足够达到 14 *grain *greɪn n. 谷粒 15 wide waɪd adj. 宽的；宽阔的 16 whale weɪl n. 鲸 17 butterfly ˈbətərˌflaɪ n. 蝴蝶 18 provide prəˈvaɪd v. 提供；供应 19 explore ɪkˈsplɔr v. 探索 20 disappear ˌdɪsəˈpɪr v. 消失；不见 21 plastic ˈplæstɪk n. 塑料 22 pollution pəˈluʃən n. 污染 23 protect prəˈtɛkt v. 保护 24 *chemical *ˈkɛmɪkəl n. 化学制品； 化学品 25 groundwater ˈgraʊndˌwɔtər n. 地下水 26 burn bərn v. 燃烧；烧 27 oil ɔɪl n. 石油；原油 28 gas gæs n. 天然气 29 harmful ˈhɑrmfəl adj. 有害的 30 website ˈwɛbˌsaɪt n. 网站 31 own oʊn adj. 自己的；本人的 32 emperor ˈɛmpərər n. 皇帝 33 hunt hənt v. 打猎 34 war wɔr n. 战争 35 sandstorm ˈsændˌstɔrm n. 沙暴 36 solution səˈluʃən n. 解决办法 37 blow bloʊ v. 刮；吹 38 generation ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən n. （统称） 一代人 （二）本单元核心短语（教材词汇表所列） 序号 短语 释义 1 an amazing planet 一颗令人惊叹的星球 2 near the equator 赤道附近 3 the North and South Poles 南北极 4 above sea level 海拔 5 as small as 和……一样小 6 be home to 是……的家园 7 call the sea home 把海洋当作家 8 provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 9 support life 维系生命 10 take care of 爱护；照顾 11 plastic pollution 塑料污染 12 a grain of rice 一粒米 【词汇练习一】根据中文提示写出英文单词（基础巩固） 题型：单词拼写｜考查：本单元核心词汇记忆｜难度：★ 要求：根据左侧中文释义，在横线上写出对应单词。 中文提示 单词 中文提示 单词 1. 系统 ________ 20. 消失；不见 ________ 2. 档案 ________ 21. 塑料 ________ 3. 令人大为 惊奇的 ________ 22. 污染 ________ 4. 行星 ________ 23. 保护 ________ 5. 十亿 ________ 24. 化学制品； 化学品 ________ 6. 盖；覆盖 ________ 25. 地下水 ________ 7. 地区；地域 ________ 26. 燃烧；烧 ________ 8. 极冷的 ________ 27. 石油；原油 ________ 9. 北；北方 ________ 28. 天然气 ________ 10. （行星的）极；地极 ________ 29. 有害的 ________ 11. 沙漠；荒漠 ________ 30. 网站 ________ 12. 米 ________ 31. 自己的；本人的 ________ 13. 足够达到 ________ 32. 皇帝 ________ 14. 谷粒 ________ 33. 打猎 ________ 15. 宽的；宽阔的 ________ 34. 战争 ________ 16. 鲸 ________ 35. 沙暴 ________ 17. 蝴蝶 ________ 36. 解决办法 ________ 18. 提供；供应 ________ 37. 刮；吹 ________ 19. 探索 ________ 38. （统称） 一代人 ________ （三）重点词性转换与构词 本单元重点派生与词性转换（复习巩固）： 原词 派生词 / 构词 amaze (v. 使惊奇) amazing (adj. 令人惊叹的) freeze (v. 冻结) freezing (adj. 极冷的) pollute (v. 污染) pollution (n. 污染) protect (v. 保护) protection (n. 保护) danger (n. 危险) dangerous (adj. 危险的) care (n./v. 关心) careful (adj. 小心的) provide (v. 提供) provision (n. 供应；提供) excite (v. 使兴奋) exciting (adj. 令人兴奋的) use (v. 使用) useful (adj. 有用的) help (v./n. 帮助) helpful (adj. 有帮助的) 【词汇练习二】用所给词的适当形式填空（基础巩固） 题型：词性转换｜考查：核心词汇的派生形式（-ly 副词、名词变形容词等）｜难度：★ 1. The Earth is an ________ (amaze) planet. 2. The North Pole is ________ (freeze) cold. 3. Plastic ________ (pollute) hurts sea animals. 4. We must ________ (protection) the Earth. 5. It is ________ (danger) to swim in dirty water. 6. We should be ________ (care) with our rubbish. 7. The sun ________ (provide) us with light. 8. This book is very ________ (use) to us. 【词汇练习三】单词释义搭配（从 A~J 中选出与各词义相符的单词）（能力提升） 题型：英文释义配对｜考查：核心词汇理解｜难度：★★ 词库：A. system B. file C. amazing D. planet E. *billion F. cover G. area H. freezing I. north J. pole 1. ________ a group of related parts working together 2. ________ a box or computer record that holds information 3. ________ causing great surprise or wonder 4. ________ a large round body in space that moves around a star 5. ________ the number 1,000,000,000 6. ________ to put something over something else 7. ________ a part of a place or country 8. ________ very cold 9. ________ the direction to the left of east 10. ________ the most northern or southern point of a planet 【词汇练习四】语篇选词填空（从方框中选出词，每词限用一次）（综合运用） 题型：语篇选词｜考查：词汇在语境中的综合运用｜难度：★★★ cover amazing planet system north freezing area pole 1. The Earth is an _______ _______. 2. The ice can _______ the sea. 3. There are large _______ of forest. 4. The _______ Pole is _______. 5. The solar _______ is huge. 三、重点短语 【短语练习一】用适当的短语填空（每个短语限用一次）（基础巩固） 题型：短语填空｜考查：核心短语记忆与运用｜难度：★ an amazing planet, near the equator, the North and South Poles, above sea level, be home to, provide us with, take care of, plastic pollution, support life, call the sea home 1. The Earth is ________ ________ planet. 2. Some places are very hot ________ ________ ________. 3. The North and South ________ are freezing cold. 4. The highest mountain is over 8,800 metres ________ ________ ________. 5. The Earth is ________ ________ millions of animals. 6. The Earth ________ us ________ food and water. 7. We should ________ ________ ________ our only home. 8. ________ ________ is hurting sea animals. 9. Plants and water ________ ________ on Earth. 10. Big whales ________ the sea ________. 【短语练习二】翻译句子（能力提升） 题型：翻译句子｜考查：核心短语在句子中的运用｜难度：★★ 要求：将下列句子翻译成英文，写在横线上。 1. 地球是一颗令人惊叹的星球。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 赤道附近的一些地方非常炎热。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 地球是数百万动物的家园。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 地球为我们提供食物和水。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 我们应该爱护我们唯一的家园。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. 塑料污染正在伤害海洋动物。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 四、课文精读 （一）课文原文 The Earth is an amazing planet! Some places are very hot, like the areas near the equator. Some are freezing cold, like the North and South Poles. There are fields and mountains, rivers and seas, forests and deserts. The highest mountain on Earth is over 8,800 metres above sea level. And the deepest part of the sea is more than 10,000 metres down. The plants on Earth are wonderful in many different ways. The tallest trees in the world can reach over 100 metres in height. The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice. The Earth is home to millions of animals. Some, like tigers and lions, live on land. Other animals, like birds, enjoy the wide open sky. Big blue whales call the sea home, along with many amazing fish. From bears to birds, from butterflies to seahorses, animals make our planet lovely and interesting. And what’s more, the Earth provides us with all the things we need, such as food, water, air and energy. It is our home and the only planet we know that supports life. Let’s explore, learn about and take care of our home. （二）课文翻译 地球是一颗令人惊叹的星球！有些地方非常炎热，比如赤道附近地区。有些地方极其寒冷，比如南北极。地球上有田野与山脉、河流与海洋、森林与沙漠。地球最高的山海拔超过 8800 米，而海洋最深处在一万米以下。 地球上的植物在许多方面都很奇妙。世界上最高的树能长到 100 多米高。最小的植物小如一粒米。 地球是数百万动物的家园。有些动物，如老虎和狮子，生活在陆地；另一些，如鸟类，享受开阔的天空。巨大的蓝鲸与许多奇妙的鱼把海洋当作家。从熊到鸟，从蝴蝶到海马，动物让我们的星球可爱而有趣。 而且，地球为我们提供所需的一切，如食物、水、空气和能源。它是我们的家，也是我们已知唯一维系生命的星球。让我们探索、了解并爱护我们的家园。 （三）课文语言点解析 1. amazing（令人惊奇的；令人惊叹的） 形容词，意为“令人惊奇的；了不起的”，修饰事物。 课文例句：The Earth is an amazing planet! 拓展例句：We saw an amazing film last night. 2. near the equator（赤道附近） equator 意为“赤道”，near 表示“在……附近”。 课文例句：Some places are very hot, like the areas near the equator. 拓展例句：The weather is warm near the equator. 3. the North and South Poles（南北极） Pole 意为“极；极点”，指南极与北极。 课文例句：Some are freezing cold, like the North and South Poles. 拓展例句：Penguins live near the South Pole. 4. above sea level（海拔） 意为“海平面以上”，above 表示“在……之上”。 课文例句：The highest mountain on Earth is over 8,800 metres above sea level. 拓展例句：The city is 2,000 metres above sea level. 5. as small as（和……一样小） as + 形容词原级 + as 表示“和……一样……”。 课文例句：The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice. 拓展例句：This stone is as small as a bean. 6. be home to（是……的家园） 意为“是……的栖息地 / 家园”，to 后接名词。 课文例句：The Earth is home to millions of animals. 拓展例句：The forest is home to many birds. 7. call the sea home（把海洋当作家） call sb. / sth. home 意为“把……称作家 / 当作家”。 课文例句：Big blue whales call the sea home, along with many amazing fish. 拓展例句：The birds call the tree home. 8. provide sb. with sth.（为某人提供某物） 意为“向某人提供某物”，也可用 provide sth. for sb.。 课文例句：The Earth provides us with all the things we need. 拓展例句：The sun provides us with light and heat. 9. support life（维系生命） 意为“维持 / 支撑生命”。 课文例句：It is the only planet we know that supports life. 拓展例句：Plants and water support life on Earth. 10. take care of（照顾；爱护） 意为“照顾；保管；爱护”，of 后接名词或代词。 课文例句：Let’s explore, learn about and take care of our home. 拓展例句：We should take care of our planet. 11. plastic pollution（塑料污染） plastic 意为塑料（的），pollution 意为污染，合称为塑料污染。 课文例句：There is plastic pollution in the sea now. 拓展例句：Beach clean-ups help reduce plastic pollution. 12. a grain of rice（一粒米） grain 意为颗粒，a grain of 表示一粒……。 课文例句：The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice. 拓展例句：There is not a grain of salt in the soup. 【课文练习一】根据课文内容完成句子（每空一词）（运用课文语言点）（能力提升） 题型：完成句子｜考查：课文细节与语言点运用｜难度：★★ 1. The Earth is an amazing planet full of ____________. 2. Some places are very hot, like the areas near the ____________. 3. The North and South ____________ are freezing cold. 4. The highest mountain is over 8,800 metres above ____________ ____________. 5. The Earth is ____________ ____________ millions of animals. 6. Big blue whales ____________ the sea ____________. 7. The Earth ____________ us ____________ all the things we need. 8. It is the only planet we know that ____________ ____________. 9. We should ____________ ____________ ____________ our home. 10. The smallest plant is as ____________ ____________ a grain of rice. 【课文练习二】根据课文内容回答问题（综合运用） 题型：问答｜考查：课文理解与表达｜难度：★★★ 1. What makes the Earth an amazing planet? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which sentence best shows “the Earth is full of life”? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Why is the Earth important to us? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. How can we show our care for our planet? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 五、Focus on culture 精读（Saihanba: turning desert into forest） （一）语篇原文 Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei. It is about 400 km from Beijing. For hundreds of years, the emperors went there to hunt. But in the 1800s, things began to change. There were forest fires and wars, and people cut down many trees. Saihanba slowly turned into a desert. When the forest disappeared, there were terrible sandstorms in the Beijing area. In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. They found an old tree in the middle of the desert. “Maybe we can still plant trees here,” they thought. In 1962, the first tree planters arrived in Saihanba. The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds blew away many young trees. In winter, it got as cold as -40°C. Three generations of forest workers continued the hard work. Thanks to them, Saihanba is green again. It is today the world’s biggest man-made forest. There are hundreds of millions of trees there. The forest helps provide the capital with clean water, and there are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now. （二）语篇翻译 塞罕坝是河北北部的一处森林公园，距北京约 400 公里。几百年来，皇帝们曾到这里狩猎。但到了 19 世纪，情况开始发生变化。森林火灾和战争接连不断，人们还砍伐了大量树木。塞罕坝慢慢变成了一片荒漠。 森林消失后，北京一带出现了可怕的沙尘暴。20 世纪 60 年代初，一群科学家来到塞罕坝寻找解决办法。他们在沙漠中央发现了一棵老树。“也许我们还能在这里种树，”他们想。 1962 年，第一批植树者来到塞罕坝。寒冷干燥的天气使他们的工作十分艰难，狂风还吹走了许多小树。冬天，气温会低至零下 40 摄氏度。三代林业工作者延续着这项艰苦的工作。多亏了他们，塞罕坝重新披上了绿装。 如今，它是世界上最大的人工林，那里有数亿棵树。这片森林为首都提供清洁的水，北京一带的沙尘暴也减少了。 （三）语篇语言点解析 1. in the north of（在……的北部） north n. 北部、北方。in the north of + 地点，表示在某范围之内的北部（对比：to the north of 表示在范围之外）。 例句：Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei. 例句：Beijing is in the north of China. 2. cut down（砍伐；砍倒） 动副结构的短语动词，代词宾语须放在 cut 与 down 之间（cut it down）。 例句：There were forest fires and wars, and people cut down many trees. 例句：We should not cut down young trees. 3. turn into（变成……） turn v. 变得、转变；turn into 表示“变成……”，也可用 turn A into B（把 A 变成 B）。 例句：Saihanba slowly turned into a desert. 例句：In winter, the water turns into ice. 4. find a solution（找到解决办法） solution n. 解决办法；表示“……的解决办法”用 a solution to sth.，介词用 to 不用 of。 例句：A group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. 例句：We must find a solution to this problem. 5. in the middle of（在……的中间） middle n. 中间；既可指空间的中央，也可指一段时间的中途。 例句：They found an old tree in the middle of the desert. 例句：There is a big table in the middle of the room. 6. blow away（吹走；刮走） blow v. 吹（blew 为过去式）；动副结构，名词宾语可放后面或中间，代词宾语必须放中间。 例句：Strong winds blew away many young trees. 例句：The wind blew away my hat just now. 7. as cold as ...（和……一样冷） as + 形容词/副词原级 + as 表示同级比较；课文中 it got as cold as -40°C 意为“气温低至零下 40 摄氏度”。 例句：In winter, it got as cold as -40°C. 例句：The room is as cold as the outside in winter. 8. thanks to（多亏；由于） 介词短语，后接名词或代词；多用来说明原因且带有“感激、幸亏”的正面色彩。 例句：Thanks to them, Saihanba is green again. 例句：Thanks to your help, we finished the work in time. 9. provide ... with ...（为……提供……） provide v. 提供；provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.，两者意思相同。 例句：The forest helps provide the capital with clean water. 例句：The school provides us with books and desks. 10. fewer + 可数名词复数（更少的……） fewer 修饰可数名词复数，表示数量更少；不可数名词要用 less。 例句：There are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now. 例句：There are fewer trees here than before. 【文化语篇练习一】根据语篇内容完成句子（每空一词）（能力提升） 题型：完成句子｜考查：文化语篇理解与语言点｜难度：★★ 1. Saihanba is a forest park in the ________ of Hebei. 2. In the 1800s, people ________ ________ many trees. 3. Saihanba slowly ________ ________ a desert. 4. The scientists travelled there to find a ________. 5. They found an old tree in the ________ of the desert. 6. Strong winds ________ ________ many young trees. 7. In winter, it got ________ cold ________ -40°C. 8. ________ ________ the forest workers, Saihanba is green again. 9. The forest helps ________ the capital ________ clean water. 10. There are ________ sandstorms in the Beijing area now. 【文化语篇练习二】翻译句子（将下列中文译成英文）（综合运用） 题型：翻译句子｜考查：文化语篇语言点的综合运用｜难度：★★★ 1. 塞罕坝在河北的北部。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 人们砍伐了许多树木，塞罕坝慢慢变成了沙漠。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 科学家们在沙漠中央发现了一棵老树。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 大风把许多小树吹走了。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 多亏了林业工作者，塞罕坝又变绿了。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. 这片森林为首都提供清洁的水。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 【课文与文化语言点过关】单项选择（基础巩固） 题型：单项选择｜考查：课文、文化语篇与语法语言点｜难度：★★ 1. ________ a big park near my home. A. There is B. There are C. Have D. Has 2. There ________ some milk in the cup. A. is B. are C. have D. has 3. The Earth is an ________ planet. A. amaze B. amazing C. amazed D. amazement 4. ________ there any rivers in your city? A. Is B. Are C. Have D. Has 5. We should ________ the Earth. A. protect B. protects C. protecting D. to protect 6. The North Pole is very ________. A. freeze B. freezing C. frozen D. freezeing 7. There ________ two pens and a book here. A. is B. are C. have D. has 8. Plastic ________ the ocean. A. pollute B. pollutes C. polluting D. pollution 9. ________ beautiful the Earth is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 10. Thanks ________ the forest workers, Saihanba is green again. A. to B. for C. of D. with 11. There ________ some rice in the bowl. A. is B. are C. have D. has 12. Everyone must ________ water. A. save B. saves C. saving D. to save 六、重点句型 句型 含义 例句 1. There is + 单数/不可数名词 表示某处有某物（单数/不可数） There is a book on the desk. 2. There are + 复数名词 表示某处有某些物（复数） There are many students in the classroom. 3. Is/Are there ...? 及其回答 there be 的一般疑问句 Is there a library? — Yes, there is. 【句型练习一】单项选择（识别与运用重点句型）（基础巩固） 题型：单项选择｜考查：重点句型的辨识与运用｜难度：★ 1. ________ a library in your school? A. Is there B. Are there C. There is D. There are 2. There ________ some water in the glass. A. is B. are C. have D. has 3. ________ there any students in the playground? A. Is B. Are C. Have D. Has 4. There ________ two apples and an orange on the table. A. is B. are C. have D. has 5. — Are there any cats? — No, ________. A. there aren't B. there isn't C. they aren't D. they isn't 6. There ________ a pen and two books here. A. are B. is C. have D. has 【句型练习二】完成句子（用本单元重点句型补全，每空一词）（能力提升） 题型：完成句子｜考查：重点句型在语境中的运用｜难度：★★ 1. 桌上有一本书。 ________ ________ a book on the desk. 2. 公园里有许多树。 ________ ________ many trees in the park. 3. 冰箱里有一些牛奶吗？ ________ ________ any milk in the fridge? 4. 教室里没有学生。 ________ ________ any students in the classroom. 5. 我家附近有一条河。 ________ ________ a river near my home. 【句型练习三】句型转换（同义句/改写，每空一词）（综合运用） 题型：句型转换｜考查：重点句型的灵活转换｜难度：★★★ 1. There is a cat under the chair. (改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ a cat under the chair? 2. There are some apples on the tree. (改为否定句) There ________ ________ apples on the tree. 3. There is a book and two pens on the desk. (对划线提问) ________ ________ on the desk? 4. Is there a hospital near here? (作否定回答) No, ________ ________. 5. There are three boys in the room. (对划线提问) ________ ________ boys are there in the room? 七、语法精讲：Using there is / are …（there be 句型） （一）概念 “there be” 句型用来表示“某处存在某物 / 某人”或者“某时有某事发生”，强调存在，而不是“拥有”。there is 后接单数或不可数名词，there are 后接复数名词。 （二）主要用法 “there be” 句型主要有以下几种常见用法： 1. 基本用法：there is / there are： there is 后接单数或不可数名词，there are 后接复数名词。 There is a book on the desk. / There are many students in the classroom. 2. 疑问句与回答： 把 is / are 提到 there 前构成疑问；肯定用 Yes, there is / are.，否定用 No, there isn’t / aren’t.。 — Is there a library? — Yes, there is. 3. 就近原则： be 动词的单复数由最近的主语决定：There is a book and two pens.（不是 are）。 There is a book and two pens on the desk. 4. there be 与 have / has 的区别： there be 表示“某处存在某物”；have / has 表示“某人拥有某物”。 There is a computer on the desk. / I have a computer. （三）重点注意事项 1. there be 句型中 be 动词的单复数由最近的名词决定（就近原则）：There is a book and two pens. 2. 表示“某地有”用 there is / are，不要和表示“拥有”的 have / has 混淆。 3. 疑问句 Is there …? 的回答要用 there is / isn’t，不能用 it is。 【语法练习一】单项选择（基础巩固） 题型：单项选择｜考查：there be 句型｜难度：★ 1. ___ a book and two pens on the desk. A. There is B. There are C. Have D. Has 2. ___ there any plastic bags on the beach? — No, there ___ . A. Are; aren’t B. Is; isn’t C. Are; isn’t D. Is; aren’t 3. The Earth provides us ___ food and water. A. with B. for C. to D. on 4. The Earth is home ___ millions of animals. A. to B. for C. of D. with 5. There ___ some water in the glass. A. is B. are C. be D. am 6. We should ___ our planet. A. take care of B. take care C. care of D. care 【语法练习二】语法填空（用所给动词的适当形式填空）（能力提升） 题型：语法填空｜考查：there be 句型在语境中的运用｜难度：★★ 1. There __________ (be) fields and mountains on the Earth. 2. There __________ (be) a book on the desk. 3. The Earth provides us __________ all the things we need. 4. — __________ (be) there any whales in the sea? — Yes, there are. 5. We should take care __________ our home. 6. Some animals live on land, and __________ (other) live in the sea. 【语法练习三】补全对话（用适当的句子补全对话）（综合运用） 题型：补全对话｜考查：there be 句型在交际中的运用｜难度：★★★ A: What is the Earth like? B: 1.________ (它是一颗令人惊叹的星球) ______________________________________________________________________________ A: 2.________ (海洋里有很多鱼吗？) ______________________________________________________________________________ B: 3.________ (是的，有很多) ______________________________________________________________________________ A: 4.________ (我们应该怎么做？) ______________________________________________________________________________ B: 5.________ (我们应该减少塑料使用) ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 八、易错点提醒 （一）课文（The Earth）语言点易错提醒 1. amazing 与 amazed 别混用 amazing 修饰事物，意为“令人惊叹的”；amazed 修饰人，意为“感到惊叹的”。课文原句：The Earth is an amazing planet! 2. freezing 与 frozen 有区别 freezing 意为“极冷的、冻人的”，常与 cold 连用（freezing cold）；frozen 意为“结冰的、冷冻的”。课文原句：Some are freezing cold, like the North and South Poles. 3. as ... as 中间必须用形容词原级 as + 形容词原级 + as 表示“和……一样……”，中间一律用原级，不能用比较级。课文原句：The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice. 4. be home to 中的 to 不能换成 of be home to 意为“是……的家园 / 栖息地”，to 是介词，后面接名词。课文原句：The Earth is home to millions of animals. 5. provide sb. with sth. 的搭配不能拆 “向某人提供某物”用 provide sb. with sth.，也可换成 provide sth. for sb.；不能说 provide sb. sth.。课文原句：The Earth provides us with all the things we need. 6. take care of 末尾的 of 不能丢 take care of 意为“照顾；爱护”，of 后必须接宾语，不能省。课文原句：Let's explore, learn about and take care of our home. 7. millions of：有 of 就要加 -s 表示概数“数百万的”用 millions of；前面有具体数字时，million 既不加 -s 也不接 of。课文原句：The Earth is home to millions of animals. （二）文化语篇（Saihanba）语言点易错提醒 1. in the north of 与 to the north of 有别 in the north of 表示“在某一范围之内的北部”；to the north of 表示“在范围之外（不接壤 / 隔开）的北部”。语篇原句：Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei. 2. cut down / blow away 的代词宾语要放中间 cut down（砍伐）与 blow away（吹走）都是“动词 + 副词”短语：名词宾语可前可后，代词宾语必须放中间（cut them down / blow them away）。语篇原句：people cut down many trees / Strong winds blew away many young trees. 3. turn into 表示“变成”，介词用 into 不用 to turn into 意为“变成……”，也可说 turn A into B（把 A 变成 B）。语篇原句：Saihanba slowly turned into a desert. 4. find a solution 中 solution 的搭配用 to solution 表示“……的解决办法”用 a solution to sth.，介词用 to 不用 of。语篇原句：A group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. 5. thanks to 后接名词或代词，不接句子 thanks to 是介词短语，意为“多亏；由于”，后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式，不能接一个完整的句子。语篇原句：Thanks to them, Saihanba is green again. 6. fewer 与 less 要看名词可不可数 fewer 修饰可数名词复数，less 修饰不可数名词。语篇原句：There are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now. （三）语法（there be 句型）易错提醒 1. there be 的就近原则：be 由最近的名词决定 两个或两个以上名词并列作主语时，be 动词的单复数与最近的那一个名词保持一致。例句：There is a book and two pens on the desk. 2. there be 与 have / has 不能混用 there be 表示“某处存在某物”，have / has 表示“某人拥有某物”，二者不可混。例句：There is a computer on the desk. / I have a computer. 3. Is there ...? 的回答要用 there is / isn't 回答 there be 句型的一般疑问句时，仍用 there is / are 或 there isn't / aren't，不能用 it is / they are。例句：— Is there a library? — Yes, there is. 4. 否定句和疑问句中 some 要改成 any there be 句型变否定句或疑问句时，some 通常改为 any。例句：Is there any milk in the fridge? 【易错点练习一】单句改错（每句有一处错误，找出并改正，写在横线上）（综合运用） 题型：单句改错｜考查：易错点辨析与改正｜难度：★★★ 1. The Earth is an amazed planet. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. The North Pole is frozen cold. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. The smallest plant is as smaller as a grain of rice. ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. The Earth is home of millions of animals. ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. The Earth provides us for all the things we need. ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. We should take care our home. ______________________________________________________________________________ 7. People cut down them many years ago. 8. Saihanba slowly turned to a desert. 9. Thanks for the forest workers, Saihanba is green again. 10. There are a book and two pens on the desk. 【易错点练习二】用括号中所给词的正确形式填空（综合运用） 题型：易混词/形式辨析｜考查：本单元高频易错词与动词形式｜难度：★★★ 1. The Earth is an ________ (amaze) planet. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. The North Pole is ________ (freeze) cold. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. The Earth is home to ________ (million) of animals. ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Strong winds ________ (blow) away many young trees last winter. ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. There ________ (be) fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now. ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. There ________ (be) some water in the bottle. ______________________________________________________________________________ 7. We don’t have ________ (some) milk in the fridge. 8. There are ________ (few) trees here than before. 9. We must ________ (protection) the animals. 10. It is ________ (danger) to swim in dirty water. 九、综合练习 I. 单项选择（共10小题） 1. ________ an apple on the table. A. There is B. There are C. Have D. Has 2. There ________ many stars in the sky at night. A. is B. are C. have D. has 3. The Earth ________ around the sun. A. go B. goes C. going D. to go 4. We must ________ the animals. A. protect B. protects C. protecting D. to protect 5. ________ a clever boy he is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 6. There ________ any water in the bottle. A. isn't B. aren't C. isn't any D. aren't any 7. The ocean is very ________. A. import B. important C. importantly D. imported 8. ________ do you go to protect the Earth? A. What B. How C. When D. Where 9. There ________ a book and two pens. A. is B. are C. have D. has 10. We should ________ less plastic. A. use B. uses C. using D. to use II. 语法选择（阅读短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 选项中选出最佳选项） The Earth is ___1___ amazing planet in the universe, and it is the only home we know. There is ___2___ pollution in the sea, and that is a big problem for sea animals. The ocean is very ___3___, and blue whales swim ___4___ under the blue water. Some places are hot near the equator, while the North and South Poles are freezing cold. ___5___ the Earth is our only home, we must protect it every day. ___6___ should take care of the forests, rivers and mountains around us. There is ___7___ we can all do to help, such as planting trees and saving water. The Earth ___8___ us with food, water and clean air. It is important ___9___ energy and use less plastic in our daily life. From bears to birds, millions of animals call the Earth home, and we ___10___ love our planet so that they can live happily for many years. 1. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. A. plastic B. plastics C. plasticly D. plasticky 3. A. big B. bigly C. bigness D. bigger 4. A. slow B. slowly C. slowness D. slower 5. A. Because B. Although C. But D. So 6. A. We B. Us C. Our D. Ours 7. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 8. A. provides B. provided C. providing D. provide 9. A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved 10. A. can B. must C. should D. may III. 语法填空（阅读短文，用括号中所给词的适当形式或所缺的词填空） The Earth ___1___ (be) our only home. There ___2___ (be) many animals on it. The ocean ___3___ (cover) most of the Earth and ___4___ (give) us oxygen. We ___5___ (must) save water every day. IV. 完形填空（阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 选项中选出最佳选项） The Earth ___1___ an amazing planet in the universe, and it is the only home we know and love. There ___2___ fields, mountains, rivers and seas all around us, and they make our world beautiful and full of life. The Earth ___3___ home to millions of animals, big and small, from tiny insects to huge blue whales in the deep ocean. It ___4___ us ___5___ food, water and clean air every day, and it gives us everything we need to live and grow. There ___6___ plastic pollution in the sea now, and it is growing fast and hurting many sea animals every year. We should take care ___7___ our home and protect ___8___ for the future of our children and grandchildren. Plants ___9___ the air and give us oxygen, and they keep the world fresh, green and healthy. When we use less plastic and join beach clean-ups, we ___10___ and protect our only home. 1. A. makes B. is C. has D. becomes 2. A. has B. are C. make D. give 3. A. are B. is C. gives D. makes 4. A. gives B. shows C. provides D. brings 5. A. for B. with C. to D. of 6. A. has B. are C. is D. have 7. A. for B. of C. with D. about 8. A. them B. him C. it D. us 9. A. dirty B. clean C. break D. hide 10. A. hurt B. love C. leave D. forget V. 阅读理解（共两篇，每篇 5 小题，含词义猜测） A The Earth is our only home, and it is a beautiful and amazing planet. It has high mountains, deep oceans, green forests, clean rivers and wide fields. But today the Earth has many problems that we must face. The air in some big cities is not clean, and the water in many rivers is dirty. A lot of plastic goes into the sea every day and hurts the fish and other sea animals. Many wild animals are in danger because they lose their homes and food. We can help the Earth in small but important ways. We can plant more trees, save water and use less plastic every day. We can also walk or ride a bike instead of taking a car. When we put rubbish in the right bin, the streets become clean and safe. Small actions by many people can make a big difference to our world. If we love the Earth, it will be a better place for us and for the animals. Protecting our planet is the duty of every person who lives on it. Schools teach students to care for nature and to recycle paper, glass and bottles. 1. The Earth has ________. A. only cities B. forests and oceans C. no water D. no animals 2. What is the problem? A. Clean air B. Dirty air and water C. Few animals D. No rivers 3. How can we help? A. Cut trees B. Use more plastic C. Plant trees D. Waste water 4. The writer wants us to ________. A. hurt the Earth B. protect the Earth C. leave the Earth D. forget animals 5. What does the word 'forests' mean in the passage? A. 森林 B. 河流 C. 海洋 D. 山脉 B The ocean covers most of the Earth, and it is full of life and colour. It gives us food, such as fish and salt, and it also gives us the oxygen we breathe every day. But today the ocean is in serious trouble. Plastic pollution is hurting sea animals in a dangerous way. A big whale may eat a plastic bag by mistake and become very sick. Small fish swallow tiny pieces of plastic, and then bigger fish eat them. This is bad for the whole food chain in the sea. We should say no to plastic bags and use our own cloth bags when we go shopping. We can also join a beach clean-up to pick up rubbish along the shore. The ocean needs our help, and every clean bottle or bag we take away makes the water safer. When the sea is healthy, the animals in it can live and grow. Scientists tell us that more than half of the oxygen on Earth comes from the ocean. The plants in the sea make the air fresh for people far away from the coast. Many children learn about the sea at school and promise to waste less plastic. On weekends, families visit the beach, watch the waves and collect shells. These happy moments teach us to love the water and to keep it safe. A clean ocean means a healthier Earth for everyone. 1. The ocean gives us ________. A. plastic B. food and oxygen C. only water D. fire 2. What hurts sea animals? A. Fish B. Plastic pollution C. Water D. Wind 3. A whale may eat ________. A. a fish B. a plastic bag C. a stone D. a leaf 4. We should ________ plastic bags. A. use more B. say no to C. sell D. eat 5. What does the word 'oxygen' mean in the passage? A. 氧气 B. 食物 C. 水 D. 盐 VI. 阅读填空（阅读短文及文后 A~F 选项，选出可以填入 36~40 空白处的最佳选项，其中有一项为多余选项） The Earth is our only home, and we must protect it before it is too late. Every day we take something from it, so every day we should give something back. Nature gives us far more than we usually notice. (36)______ The Earth gives us clean water and fresh air. (37)______ Without clean water, no living thing on our planet can stay healthy for long. Forests are home to millions of animals and plants. (38)______ Without trees, the air would quickly become dirty and difficult to breathe. However, plastic pollution is now a big problem. (39)______ Sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, and many of them die because of this. The good news is that everyone can help. We can recycle and use less plastic every day. (40)______ Bring your own bag when you shop, turn off the tap when you brush your teeth, and never drop rubbish in the street. If millions of people do these things together, our planet will stay green and beautiful for our children. ( A. It also provides food for all living things. B. Rivers and lakes are important for fish. C. Trees help to clean the air we breathe. D. Rubbish in the sea hurts many sea animals. E. Small changes in life can make a big difference. F. Some people like to travel to other planets. ) VII. 首字母填空（阅读短文，根据上下文及所给单词的首字母，用单词的正确形式补全语篇） The Earth is an (1) a______ planet and it is the only home we have in space. Some places near the (2) e______ are very hot all year round, while the North and South Poles are always cold and covered with ice. Our planet is home to (3) m______ of animals and plants, from the smallest insects to the largest whales in the sea. The Earth also has high mountains, deep oceans and wide green forests. It (4) p______ us with food, water and clean air every single day, and everything we need comes from it. That is why we must take (5) c______ of our home. Use less plastic, put rubbish in the right bin and plant a tree when you can. If we all work together, the Earth will stay beautiful for our children. VIII. 课文默写（根据所给首句，默写出指定段落） 首句：The Earth is an amazing planet! ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 词汇练习一： 1. system 2. file 3. amazing 4. planet 5. *billion 6. cover 7. area 8. freezing 9. north 10. pole 11. desert 12. metre 13. reach 14. *grain 15. wide 16. whale 17. butterfly 18. provide 19. explore 20. disappear 21. plastic 22. pollution 23. protect 24. *chemical 25. groundwater 26. burn 27. oil 28. gas 29. harmful 30. website 31. own 32. emperor 33. hunt 34. war 35. sandstorm 36. solution 37. blow 38. generation 词汇练习二： 1. amazing 2. freezing 3. pollution 4. protect 5. dangerous 6. careful 7. provides 8. useful 词汇练习三： 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. E 6. F 7. G 8. H 9. I 10. J 词汇练习四： amazing planet cover area north freezing system pole 短语练习一： 1. an amazing 2. near the equator 3. Poles 4. above sea level 5. home to 6. provides; with 7. take care of 8. Plastic pollution 9. support life 10. call; home 短语练习二： 1. The Earth is an amazing planet. 2. Some places near the equator are very hot. 3. The Earth is home to millions of animals. 4. The Earth provides us with food and water. 5. We should take care of our only home. 6. Plastic pollution is harming sea animals. 课文练习一： 1. life 2. equator 3. Poles 4. sea level 5. home to 6. call; home 7. provides; with 8. supports life 9. take care of 10. small; as 课文练习二： 1. It has hot and cold places, high mountains and deep seas, wonderful plants, millions of animals, and it provides everything we need. 2. “The Earth is home to millions of animals.” / “From bears to birds … animals make our planet lovely and interesting.” 3. It provides us with food, water, air and energy, and it is the only planet we know that supports life. 4. (Open: reduce plastic, join clean-ups, save energy and water, protect animals, etc.) 文化语篇练习一： 1. north 2. cut; down 3. turned; into 4. solution 5. middle 6. blew; away 7. as; as 8. Thanks; to 9. provide; with 10. fewer 文化语篇练习二： 1. Saihanba is in the north of Hebei. 2. People cut down many trees, and Saihanba slowly turned into a desert. 3. The scientists found an old tree in the middle of the desert. 4. Strong winds blew away many young trees. 5. Thanks to the forest workers, Saihanba is green again. 6. The forest helps provide the capital with clean water. 课文与文化语言点过关： 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. A 句型练习一： 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 句型练习二： 1. There is 2. There are 3. Is there 4. There aren't 5. There is 句型练习三： 1. Is there 2. are not 3. What is 4. there isn't 5. How many 语法练习一： 1. A（There is） 2. A（Are; aren’t） 3. A（with） 4. A（to） 5. A（is） 6. A（take care of） 语法练习二： 1. are 2. is 3. with 4. Are 5. of 6. others 语法练习三： 1. It is an amazing planet. 2. Are there many fish in the sea? 3. Yes, there are. 4. What should we do? 5. We should use less plastic. 易错点练习一： 1. amazed → amazing 2. frozen → freezing 3. smaller → small 4. of → to 5. for → with 6. care → care of 7. cut down them → cut them down 8. to → into 9. for → to 10. are → is 易错点练习二： 1. amazing 2. freezing 3. millions 4. blew 5. are 6. is 7. any 8. fewer 9. protect 10. dangerous I. 单项选择： 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. A II. 语法选择： (1) B (2) A (3) A (4) B (5) A (6) A (7) A (8) A (9) B (10) C III. 语法填空： 1. is 2. are 3. covers 4. gives 5. must IV. 完形填空： (1) B (2) B (3) B (4) C (5) B (6) C (7) B (8) C (9) B (10) B V. 阅读 A： 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A V. 阅读 B： 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A VI. 阅读填空： 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. E VII. 首字母填空： 1. amazing 2. equator 3. millions 4. provides 5. care VIII. 课文默写： The Earth is an amazing planet! Some places are very hot, like the areas near the equator. Some are freezing cold, like the North and South Poles. There are fields and mountains, rivers and seas. We must protect our only home. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $