Unit 5 Play by the rules 能力提升卷2026-2027学年 八年级上册外研版

**基本信息** 本试卷以“规则”为核心主题，整合安全教育、地方文化（印象安徽）、科技应用（移动支付）及跨文化素材（日本垃圾分类），通过真实情境考查语言运用能力，融合文化意识与思维品质培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----|----| |单项填空|10题|情态动词（May/Can't）、非谓语动词（No Swimming）、动词短语（break down）|设“新交汇·安全教育”“新情境·印象安徽”标签，关联生活规则| |完形填空|2篇20题|规则遵守场景（公园、校园），词汇（follow/against rules）|通过Tom的经历渗透规则意识，体现情感态度价值观| |阅读理解|5篇+3问答|科技馆指南（数字推算）、诚信故事（篮球比赛）、动物界规则（蜜蜂/狼群）|采用“新考法·数字推算”，结合自然科学与人文故事，培养批判性思维| |书面表达|1题|校规遵守（按时到校、课堂纪律）|呼吁文明学生，整合建议类写作，提升语言输出与责任意识|

Unit 5 Play by the rules? 能力提升卷2026-2027学年 八年级上册外研版 第一部分 听力（略） 第二部分 语言知识运用 Ⅴ. 单项填空 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21. —______ I take this magazine out of the reading room? —No, you ______. You must read it here. A. Need; mustn't B. May; can't C. Must; needn't D. Could; couldn't 22. The sign by the lake says "No ______". It's dangerous to swim here. A. Swim B. Swiming C. Swimming D. To swim 23. When you are waiting for a bus, you should stand in ______ and wait for your turn. A. line B. row C. group D. queue 24. 【新交汇·安全教育】If you see a classmate cheating in an exam, you should ______ the teacher about it. A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk 25. —What does the sign mean? —It means we ______ park our cars here. A. must B. mustn't C. need D. needn't 26. It's important to ______ the rules because they help keep us safe. A. break B. follow C. make D. change 27. The teacher asked us to ______ the classroom after school to keep it clean. A. set up B. look for C. tidy up D. turn off 28. 【新情境·印象安徽】Visitors to the ancient village must ______ the local customs and traditions. A. respect B. repeat C. review D. record 29. —Why were you late for school this morning? —Because my bike ______ on the way and I had to walk. A. broke down B. broke out C. broke into D. broke up 30. —I'm sorry I forgot to bring my homework. —______. Please remember to bring it tomorrow. A. That's all right B. You're welcome C. That's right D. Never mind Ⅵ. 完形填空 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A Last Sunday, Tom went to the Central Park with his family. When they 31______ the park, they saw a big sign that read, "No walking on the grass." But Tom didn't pay attention to it. He wanted to take a shortcut across the grass to the fountain. His mother 32______ him and said, "Tom, you must 33______ the rules. Look at the sign." Tom felt a little 34______ but he listened to his mother. Later, they saw a group of boys playing football in the park. A park keeper came and told them, "You can't play football here. It's 35______ the rules. There is a playground over there for ball games." The boys apologised and left. On their way home, Tom saw a man dropping litter on the ground. He 36______ the man and said, "Excuse me, sir. There is a dustbin over there. Please put your rubbish in it." The man smiled and said, "You're right, young man. Thank you for 37______ me." He picked up the litter and threw it into the bin. Tom realised that rules are everywhere and they are made to 38______ everyone. He decided to always follow the rules and 39______ others to do the same. "Rules may seem strict," he thought, "40______ they help make the world a better place." 31. A. arrived B. got C. reached D. left 32. A. stopped B. thanked C. invited D. watched 33. A. follow B. break C. make D. change 34. A. happy B. excited C. ashamed D. angry 35. A. for B. with C. against D. by 36. A. ignored B. followed C. caught D. called 37. A. punishing B. reminding C. laughing D. blaming 38. A. protect B. harm C. confuse D. stop 39. A. force B. allow C. encourage D. order 40. A. so B. but C. because D. if B Every school has rules, and Sunshine Middle School is no exception. The rules are designed to create a safe and 41______ environment for all students. One of the most important rules is about being on time. Students must arrive at school before 8:00___ am. Those who are late must report to the teacher's office and 42______ a late note. This rule teaches students the value of punctuality. In the classroom, students are expected to 43______ carefully and finish their homework on time. Using mobile phones during lessons is strictly 44______. If a student is caught using a phone, it will be 45______ by the teacher until the end of the term. In the hallway, students should walk on the right and avoid 46______. During the break, they can play on the playground, but they must not climb the trees or the school fence. These rules may seem 47______, but they are all made for students' safety. Every month, the school gives an award to the class that follows rules best. This encourages friendly 48______ among classes. Students gradually understand that rules are not their 49______ but their friends. As the headteacher often says, "Good habits formed today will shape the 50______ of tomorrow." 41. A. noisy B. comfortable C. orderly D. crowded 42. A. bring B. take C. carry D. fetch 43. A. sleep B. listen C. talk D. dream 44. A. allowed B. encouraged C. forbidden D. suggested 45. A. given away B. taken away C. thrown away D. put away 46. A. running B. walking C. sitting D. standing 47. A. fun B. strict C. easy D. silly 48. A. competition B. communication C. connection D. celebration 49. A. teachers B. enemies C. friends D. parents 50. A. past B. present C. future D. moment Ⅶ. 补全对话 根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。 A: Hi, Lucy! Have you heard about the new school rules? B: Yes, I have. 51.______ A: Well, one of them is that we must wear our school uniforms every day. B: That's a good rule. 52.______ A: Exactly. And we are not allowed to use mobile phones during class. B: 53.______ Mobile phones can distract us from learning. A: I agree. Also, we need to keep the classroom clean and tidy. B: 54.______ We should take turns to clean the classroom. A: Yes. Rules are important because they help us develop good habits. B: 55.______ Let's follow them together. A. What are they? B. I think so too. C. It helps us focus on our studies. D. That's a good idea. E. We should respect the rules. F. How do you like them? G. It's our duty to keep the environment clean. 第三部分 阅读 Ⅷ. 阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A City Science Discovery Centre — Visitor Guidelines Welcome to the City Science Discovery Centre! We want every visitor to have a safe and enjoyable experience. Please read the following rules carefully before your visit. · Opening Hours: 10:00am – 6:00pm, Tuesday to Sunday. Closed on Mondays. Last entry at 5:00pm. · Ticket Prices: Adults: 40yuan；Students (with valid student ID): 20 yuan；Children under 5years old: Free · General Rules: ① Do not touch the exhibits unless there is a "Please Touch" sign. ② Eating and drinking are only allowed in the cafeteria on the 3rd floor. ③ Photography is allowed, but flash photography is forbidden in the "Space Exploration" hall. ④ Please keep your voice down in all exhibition areas. · Group Visits: School groups must book at least 1 week in advance. One teacher is required for every 10 students. · Emergency: In case of fire or earthquake, follow the green exit signs and gather at the meeting point in the main car park. For more information, call us at 0551-8888-6666 or visit our website: www.citysciencediscovery.gov.cn 56. How much should a 13-year-old student with a valid ID pay for a ticket? A. 20 yuan. B. 40yuan. C. Free. D. 60yuan. 57. What can visitors do in the centre? A. Touch all the exhibits freely. B. Eat anywhere they like. C. Take photos without flash in most areas. D. Enter at 5:30pm. 58. 【新考法·数字推算】How many teachers are needed if 30students visit as a group? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. B When I was in Grade 7, I joined the school basketball team. Our coach, Mr. Green, was a strict but fair man. He had one golden rule: "Play fair, win with pride, lose with dignity." One afternoon, we had an important match against No. 3 Middle School. The score was tied with only 10seconds left. I got the ball and rushed towards the basket. Just as I was about to shoot, I was pushed from behind. I fell hard, and the referee blew the whistle immediately. "Foul!" the referee shouted, and he gave me two free throws. My teammates were excited — two points would win us the game. But as I stood at the free-throw line, something felt wrong. I remembered clearly that the player who pushed me was actually on my own team — I had been tripped by my own shoelace coming undone. The push I felt was just my imagination in the heat of the moment. I turned to the referee and said honestly, "Sir, I don't think it was a foul. I tripped over my own shoelace. Please cancel the free throws." The crowd went silent. My teammates stared at me in disbelief. Mr. Green walked over, put his hand on my shoulder, and smiled. "Son," he said, "you may have lost us two points, but you've won something far more valuable today — everyone's respect." In the end, we still lost the game by 2 points. But as I walked off the court, the opposing team's captain came up to me and said, "That was the most honest act I've ever seen on a basketball court." I realised then that following the rules and being honest mattered far more than winning. 59. What was Coach Green's golden rule? A. Win at all costs. B. Practice every day. C. Play fair, win with pride, lose with dignity. D. Never speak to the referee. 60. Why did the writer feel "something felt wrong" at the free-throw line? A. Because he was too tired to shoot. B. Because he realised it might not have been a foul. C. Because the referee was unfair. D. Because his teammates were angry. 61. What does the underlined word "dignity" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. 尊严 B. 技巧 C. 运气 D. 力量 62. What is the main message of the story? A. Winning is the most important thing. B. Basketball is a dangerous sport. C. Honesty and following rules matter more than winning. D. Referees are always right. C More and more people are using mobile payment apps like WeChat Pay and Alipay. In many Chinese cities, you can now buy almost anything — from a cup of coffee to a train ticket — with just a smartphone. Some people call this a "cashless society". However, going cashless also brings new rules and challenges. First, not everyone has a smartphone or knows how to use mobile payment. The elderly, in particular, may find it difficult. Some shops now refuse to accept cash, which is actually against the law in China — businesses must accept both cash and electronic payment. Second, there are safety rules. People should never share their payment passwords with others. If you receive a strange message asking for your bank details, you should ignore it. Banks and police often warn that such messages are usually tricks to steal your money. Third, some experts worry that a cashless society might make it too easy for people to overspend. Without the feeling of handing over real money, it's easy to lose track of how much you've spent. Setting a monthly spending limit can help control this. Despite these challenges, mobile payment is here to stay. The key is to use it wisely and follow the rules that keep our money safe. 63. What is a "cashless society"? A. A society where no money exists. B. A society where people pay mainly with smartphones. C. A society where only the rich can buy things. D. A society where shops are closed. 64. According to the passage, which group of people may find mobile payment difficult? A. Young children. B. Business owners. C. The elderly. D. Police officers. 65. What should people do if they receive a strange message asking for bank details? A. Reply immediately. B. Share it with friends. C. Ignore it. D. Send money to the sender. 66. Why are some experts worried about a cashless society? A. Because it is too slow. B. Because it may cause people to overspend. C. Because it is against the law. D. Because it is too expensive. D Did you know that animals also have rules? In the natural world, rules help animal groups live together in an orderly way. Scientists have studied many kinds of animals and found some fascinating examples. Bees are a good example. In a beehive, every bee has a specific job. The queen bee lays eggs, worker bees collect nectar and build the hive, and guard bees protect the entrance. If a bee tries to steal honey instead of working, other bees will drive it away. This strict system keeps the whole hive alive. Wolves also follow rules within their pack. The alpha wolf (the leader) eats first, and the others must wait their turn. When young wolves want to challenge the leader, they must follow a strict fighting ritual. Breaking the rules could lead to the whole pack becoming disorganised and weak. Even fish have rules. In a school of fish, individuals must swim in the same direction as the group. If one fish swims off in a different direction, it becomes an easy target for predators. By staying together and following the "rules of the school", the fish protect one another. These examples show that rules are not just a human invention. They exist throughout the animal kingdom, helping different species survive and thrive. 67. What is the job of guard bees? A. To lay eggs. B. To collect nectar. C. To protect the entrance. D. To build the hive. 68. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. How bees collect honey. B. Rules within a wolf pack. C. Why wolves are dangerous. D. How fish swim together. 69. Why do fish swim in the same direction as the group? A. To find food faster. B. To swim more quickly. C. To protect one another from predators. D. To challenge the leader. 70. What is the best title for the text? A. How Bees Make Honey B. Rules in the Animal Kingdom C. The Life of Wolves D. Why Fish Swim in Schools E "No rules, no order." This old saying tells us something important about the relationship between rules and freedom. Some teenagers think that rules limit their freedom. They want to stay up late, play video games all night, or skip school whenever they feel like it. They see rules as annoying restrictions imposed by adults. However, this view misses an important point: true freedom is only possible within a framework of rules. Think about it this way: when you drive a car, traffic lights and speed limits may seem like obstacles. But without them, roads would be chaotic and dangerous. You wouldn't be able to drive safely anywhere. In other words, traffic rules don't take away your freedom to drive — they make that freedom possible in the first place. The same is true in other areas of life. School rules create an environment where everyone can learn. Family rules teach us to respect one another. Even the rules of a game — like football or chess — are what make the game enjoyable and fair for everyone. Of course, not every rule is perfect. As we grow older, we should learn to think critically about rules and suggest improvements when necessary. But blindly breaking rules is never the answer. In conclusion, rules and freedom are not opposites. Just as a river needs its banks to flow, our freedom needs rules to guide it. When we understand this, we can enjoy both safety and liberty. 71. How does the writer start the text? A. By telling a story. B. By giving a talk. C. By quoting a saying. D. By showing a picture. 72. What is the structure of this text? A. ① // ②③④ // ⑤⑥⑦ B. ① // ② // ③④ // ⑤ C. ① // ②③④⑤ // ⑥⑦ D. ①②③④ // ⑤ // ⑥⑦ 第二节 阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求）。 F In Japan, sorting rubbish is taken very seriously. Every household must separate its waste into different categories: burnable (可燃物), non-burnable (不可燃物), plastic, glass, metal, and paper. Some areas even require people to wash plastic bottles and remove the labels before throwing them away. Each type of rubbish can only be put out on specific days of the week. For example, burnable rubbish might be collected on Mondays and Thursdays, while plastic is collected only on Wednesdays. If you put out the wrong type of rubbish on the wrong day, the collection workers will leave it behind, and your neighbours might remind you of the rules. Children learn about rubbish sorting from a very young age. In schools, students help clean the classrooms every day after lunch, and they must sort the waste correctly. There are usually 4___ to 5___ different bins in each classroom. Some schools even hold competitions to see which class can sort their rubbish most accurately. The rules may seem strict, but they have made Japan one of the cleanest countries in the world. Recycling rates in some cities reach as high as 80%. Many other countries are now studying Japan's system and trying to learn from it. 73. How many categories of waste are mentioned in the passage? (不超过5个词) _______________________________________________________________________________ 74. What happens if you put out the wrong type of rubbish on the wrong day? (不超过10个词) _______________________________________________________________________________ 75. What do students do after lunch in Japanese schools? (不超过15个词) _______________________________________________________________________________ 第4部分 写 Ⅸ. 单词拼写 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。 76. We should always o______ (遵守) the school rules and be good students. 77. It is impolite to p______ (插嘴) when someone is speaking. 78. The sign says "No e______ (进入)" because the room is being cleaned. 79. To keep safe, we must f______ (系) the seat belt when driving. 80. The teacher asked us to r______ (尊重) each other in class. Ⅹ. 书面表达 假如你是李华，你们学校正在开展"做文明中学生"的活动。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，呼吁同学们遵守规则，做文明学生。 要点： 1. 遵守校规，按时到校，不迟到； 2. 课堂上认真听讲，不玩手机； 3. 在图书馆保持安静，爱护书籍； 4. 你的建议（至少1条）。 注意： 1. 短文须包含以上要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2. 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3. 词数不少于80，短文题目已给出，不计入总词数。 Be a Civilized Student ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案及解析 第二部分 语言知识运用 Ⅴ. 单项填空 21. B 考查情态动词。May表示请求许可，否定回答用can't。句意：——我可以把这本杂志带出阅览室吗？——不，你不能。你必须在这里阅读。 22. C 考查非谓语动词。"No+动名词"构成禁止标志，swim的动名词为swimming。 23. D 考查名词。stand in queue排队，为固定搭配。 24. A 考查动词。tell the teacher告诉老师，选A。 25. B 考查情态动词。标志表示禁止停车，mustn't不允许。 26. B 考查动词。follow the rules遵守规则。 27. C 考查动词短语。tidy up整理、打扫。 28. A 考查动词。respect customs尊重习俗。 29. A 考查动词短语。break down出故障。 30. D 考查情景交际。Never mind没关系，用于回应道歉。 Ⅵ. 完形填空 A篇：31–40 C A A C C B B A C B 解析：31 reached the park到达公园；32 stopped him阻止他；33 follow the rules遵守规则；34 ashamed羞愧的；35 against the rules违反规则；36 followed跟随/追上；37 reminding提醒；38 protect保护；39 encourage鼓励；40 but表转折。 B篇：41–50 C A B C B A B A B C 解析：41 orderly有序的；42 bring a late note带迟到条；43 listen carefully认真听讲；44 forbidden禁止的；45 taken away被收走；46 avoid running避免奔跑；47 strict严格的；48 competition竞争；49 enemies敌人；50 future未来。 Ⅶ. 补全对话 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. G 55. E 解析：51问规则内容；52解释好处；53同意观点；54保持环境清洁是责任；55总结尊重规则。多余选项D、F。 第三部分 阅读 第一节 A篇：56–58 A C B 56. A 学生票20 yuan。 57. C 大多数区域可拍照但禁用闪光灯。 58. B 每10名学生配1名教师，30÷10=3。 B篇：59–62 C B A C 59. C 由第一段可知。 60. B 由第三段可知他意识到可能不是犯规。 61. A dignity意为"尊严"。 62. C 诚实和遵守规则比获胜更重要。 C篇：63–66 B C C B 63. B 由第一段可知。 64. C 由第二段"The elderly"可知。 65. C 由第三段"ignore it"可知。 66. B 由第三段"overspend"可知。 D篇：67–70 C B C B 67. C 由第二段"guard bees protect the entrance"可知。 68. B 第三段主要讲狼群内部的规则。 69. C 由第四段"protect one another"可知。 70. B 全文讲动物界的规则。 E篇：71–72 C C 71. C 以俗语开头。 72. C 第1段引入，2-5段展开，6-7段总结，为总-分-总结构。 第二节 阅读表达 73. Six (6) categories. (≤5词) 74. The workers will leave it behind. (≤10词) 75. They help clean the classrooms and sort the waste correctly. (≤15词) 第四部分 写 Ⅸ. 单词拼写 76. obey 77. push 78. entry 79. fasten 80. respect Ⅹ. 书面表达（参考范文） Be a Civilized Student As teenagers, it is our duty to be civilized and follow the rules. First, we should obey the school rules. Arriving at school on time is the most basic requirement. Being late not only affects our own study but also disturbs the whole class. Second, in class, we should listen carefully to the teacher and take notes actively. Using mobile phones in class is strictly forbidden because it distracts both ourselves and others from learning. Third, when we are in the library, we must keep quiet and take good care of the books. It is every reader's responsibility to protect public property and keep the environment clean. In my opinion, we should also be friendly and helpful to others. A simple "thank you" or "excuse me" can make a big difference. Let us all start from small things and grow into civilized students that our school can be proud of. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $