被动语态同步讲义 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦被动语态核心知识，从主动与被动语态的区分切入，系统梳理一般现在时（am/is/are+done）、一般过去时（was/were+done）、一般将来时（will be+done）的被动结构，结合使用场景及主动被动转换方法，构建从概念理解到句式运用的完整学习支架。 该资料以分层练习为特色，基础层夯实语法结构，提升层强化句型转换，拓展层综合单选、短文填空等题型，助力学生提升语言能力。通过高频易错点对比分析（如be动词单复数匹配、不及物动词无被动等），培养学生严谨的思维品质。详细答案解析便于课后查漏补缺，课中辅助教师精准突破教学重难点。

2026年度人教版九年级上册被动语态同步讲义 学习目标 1. 区分主动语态(主语是动作执行者)和被动语态(主语是动作承受者)。 2. 掌握三种核心时态被动语态结构:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时;熟练肯定、否定、疑问句式变化。 3. 理解被动语态使用场景:不知道/不必说明动作执行者、强调动作承受者、科技新闻正式文体、上下文衔接。 4. 掌握`by`引出动作执行者;会完成主动 被动句型转换;能完成填空、单选、改错、短文填空、汉译英。 ️教学重点&难点 重点 1. 被动语态基本公式:be + 及物动词过去分词(‑ed);be动词随时态、人称、数发生变化。 2. 三种时态被动结构 - 一般现在时被动:am / is / are + done - 一般过去时被动:was / were + done - 一般将来时被动:will be + done 3. 否定:be/will + not + done;疑问:把be/will提到句首。 4. `by + 动作执行者`,放在被动句末尾;不知道执行者时可以省略by短语。 难点(高频易错,课堂重点突破) 1. 混淆be动词:主语单复数决定am/is/are;was/were; > The phone was invented.(单数,过去) Many trees were planted.(复数,过去) 2. 被动语态只能用及物动词;不及物动词(happen, appear, take place)没有被动。 3. 主动变被动:宾语变主语;谓语变成be done;主语变by短语;不能漏掉过去分词。 4. 一般将来被动:`will be done`,不能写成will done。 5. by短语不是必须:当不知道动作是谁做的,直接去掉by sb。 一、核心知识精讲 1. 主动语态 vs 被动语态 - 主动语态:主语 = 动作的执行者 > Many people speak English.(many people执行speak) - 被动语态:主语 = 动作的承受者 > English is spoken by many people.(English承受speak) >教材例句对比 >Alexander Bell invented the telephone in 1876.(主动) >The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876.(被动) 2. 被动语态构成 >公式:助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词(‑ed) >be动词随时态、人称、数变化。 三种时态被动语态变化表(教材原版) 时态 肯定式 否定式 疑问式 一般现在时 am/is/are + done am/is/are + not + done Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done…? 一般过去时 was/were + done was/were + not + done Was/Were + 主语 + done…? 一般将来时 will be + done will not be + done Will + 主语 + be + done…? 3. 被动语态的使用场景 (1)语义上 ①不知道动作是谁做的; ②不需要说明动作执行者; ③需要强调动作承受者。 >教材例句: >A mini‑camera is connected to the front of the glasses. >Some of the old buildings were destroyed in the earthquake. >More astronauts will be sent to the space station. >The moon will be visited by tourists one day. (2)语篇上:为了上下文衔接连贯,使用被动语态。 (3)语体上:科技文章、新闻报道等正式文体大量使用被动语态。 >补充:`by + 动作执行者`,放在被动句末尾。如果不需要强调执行者,可以省略by短语。 主动变被动解题步骤 1. 主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语 2. 谓语动词改为:be + 过去分词(be匹配时态、人称) 3. 主动句的主语,放到`by`后面;不需要可省略。 >例:People grow rice in the south. > Rice is grown by people in the south. 分层配套练习 基础层(夯实语法结构) 用括号内动词的正确被动形式填空 1. A mini‑camera (connect) to the front of the glasses.(一般现在时) 2. Some old buildings (destroy) in the earthquake.(一般过去时) 3. More astronauts (send) to the space station.(一般将来时) 4. The telephone (invent) by Bell in 1876.(一般过去时) 5. English (speak) by many people around the world.(一般现在时) 判断对错(T/F),错误划出并改正 1. The letter is wrote by him. ( ) 2. The trees will plant next year. ( ) 3. Was the book written by Lu Xun? ( ) 4. Many houses were destroyed by the storm. ( ) 提升层(句型转换,主动变被动;改写否定、疑问句) 将下列主动句改为被动语态 1. People grow rice in China. 2. Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 3. They will build a new park here. 改写句子(改为否定句、一般疑问句) 1. The camera is connected to the glasses. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 2. The buildings were destroyed in the earthquake. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 3. More astronauts will be sent to the space station. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 拓展层(综合运用:单选、改错、短文填空、翻译) 单项选择 1. —Who invented the light bulb? —It by Edison. A. invented B. was invented C. is invented 2. A new hospital in our town next year. A. will build B. will be built C. is built 3. The letter by my sister yesterday. A. was written B. is written C. will be written 4. The moon by tourists one day. A. will visit B. will be visited C. is visited 改错(划出错误,写出改正,简要解析) 1. The bridge will build next year. 2. These trees is planted every spring. 3. The book was write by Mo Yan. 短文语法填空(被动语态,一般现在/过去/将来) Nowadays, many new machines 1. (use) in our life. This small camera 2. (connect) to the glasses. Many old houses 3. (destroy) in the big storm last year. A new library 4. (build) in our community next year. It 5. (hope) that more people will enjoy reading there. 汉译英 1. 这台相机被连接到眼镜前面。 2. 一些老建筑在地震中被毁坏了。 3. 更多宇航员将会被送往空间站。 参考答案与解析 基础层 1. is connected(一般现在被动,主语单数) 2. were destroyed(一般过去被动,主语复数) 3. will be sent(一般将来被动) 4. was invented(一般过去被动,主语单数) 5. is spoken(一般现在被动) 1.F;is wrote is written;解析:被动需要过去分词write‑written 2.F;will plant will be planted;解析:将来被动结构will be done 3.T 4.T 提升层 1. Rice is grown by people in China. 2. The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876. 3. A new park will be built here. 1. 否定:The camera isn’t connected to the glasses. 疑问:Is the camera connected to the glasses? 2. 否定:The buildings weren’t destroyed in the earthquake. 疑问:Were the buildings destroyed in the earthquake? 3. 否定:More astronauts won’t be sent to the space station. 疑问:Will more astronauts be sent to the space station? 拓展层 1.B;解析:it指代灯泡,是“被发明”,过去被动was invented 2.B;解析:next year将来,医院“被建造”will be built 3.A;解析:yesterday过去,信“被写”was written 4.B;解析:one day将来,月亮“被游览”will be visited 1. will build will be built;解析:将来被动语态结构will be+过去分词。 2. is planted are planted;解析:主语trees复数,一般现在被动用are。 3. was write was written;解析:被动语态需要动词过去分词write‑written。 1. are used 2. is connected 3. were destroyed 4. will be built 5. is hoped 1. The mini‑camera is connected to the front of the glasses. 2. Some of the old buildings were destroyed in the earthquake. 3. More astronauts will be sent to the space station. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $