精品解析：北京市第二中学2026-2027学年度高三年级上学期开学测试英语试题

北京二中2026 — 2027学年度高三年级开学测试试卷 英 语 得分：_____________ 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Joanne Appelbee and her three children were using paddleboards and a kayak near Quindalup beach in Geographe Bay when the wind ___1___ and shifted. The family lost oars and control, floating away from shallow water into stronger currents. ___2___ decreased as the day wore on and waves grew rougher, making it harder to signal for help or for nearby ships to spot them. With no obvious rescue nearby, Joanne sent 13-year-old Austin to kayak back to shore to get help first because he was the strongest swimmer and the most ___3___ with the equipment. Austin took the kayak, but it had been badly damaged and was already taking on water. He ___4___ the situation quickly and chose to swim despite the distance and conditions. He even removed his lifejacket to swim more efficiently. “I was really scared. I was out of breath, but I couldn’t even feel how tired I was,” he said. “At one point I was trying to get the ___5___ things in my head. Not the bad things that would distract me.” Austin swam roughly 4 kilometers, battling exhaustion and strong currents. When he finally reached the shore, he called emergency services, saying “I need helicopters, I need boats, my family’s out at sea.” The call started a huge ___6___. Minutes later, Austin’s mother, his brother Beau, 12, and his sister Grace, 8, were ___7___. A rescue boat was directed to them and all three were rescued. Austin was still trying to ___8___ what happened even five days later. Despite what people kept telling him, he ___9___ didn’t see himself as a hero. Meanwhile, authorities publicly praised the boy for his courage, determination and clear-headed actions. That day, Austin didn’t just swim for shore — he swam for his family. And love gave him the _____10_____ he never knew he had. 1. A. picked up B. died down C. blew out D. took off 2. A. Speed B. Tension C. Visibility D. Strength 3. A. concerned B. cautious C. curious D. confident 4. A. described B. assessed C. ignored D. dismissed 5. A. simplest B. worst C. hardest D. happiest 6. A. argument B. difference C. search D. discussion 7. A. located B. contacted C. saved D. trapped 8. A. question B. process C. cover D. deny 9. A. hesitantly B. naturally C. jokingly D. personally 10. A. chance B. strength C. dream D. right 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Joanne Appelbee和她的三个孩子在海上遇险时，13岁的Austin凭借勇气、冷静和毅力，独自游泳4公里上岸求救，最终成功救出家人们的感人故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：Joanne Appelbee和她的三个孩子在Geographe Bay的Quindalup海滩附近使用桨板和皮划艇，这时风力增强并转向。A. picked up增加；B. died down减弱；C. blew out吹灭；D. took off起飞。根据后文“The family lost oars and control”可知，风力突变导致失控，因此应是风力增强。 【2题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着白天推移，能见度下降，海浪变得更大，使得他们更难发出求救信号，也让附近的船只更难发现他们。A. Speed速度；B. Tension紧张；C. Visibility能见度；D. Strength力量。根据后文“making it harder to signal for help or for nearby ships to spot them”可知，无法被看到的原因是能见度下降。。 【3题详解】 考查形容词。句意：附近没有明显的救援人员，乔安妮让13岁的奥斯汀先划皮划艇返回岸边寻求帮助因为他是最强壮的游泳者，并且对设备最自信。A. concerned担忧的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. curious好奇的；D. confident自信的。根据前文“Joanne sent 13-year-old Austin to kayak back to shore to get help first because he was the strongest swimmer”可知，妈妈让奥斯汀划皮划艇返回岸边寻求帮助，因此推断是因为他是最强壮的游泳者，对设备最自信。 【4题详解】 考查动词。句意：他迅速评估了情况，选择游泳，尽管距离遥远且海况恶劣。A. described描述；B. assessed评估；C. ignored忽视；D. dismissed解散。根据后文“chose to swim despite the distance and conditions”可知，他先对危险情况进行了判断。 【5题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“我真的很害怕，喘不过气来，但我甚至感觉不到自己有多累，”他说。“在那里我努力让自己脑子里只想着最快乐的事情，而不是那些会让我分心的坏事。A. simplest最简单的；B. worst最糟糕的；C. hardest最困难的；D. happiest最快乐的。根据后文“Not the bad things that would distract me”可知，他选择回想最快乐的事情。 【6题详解】 考查名词。句意：这通电话启动了一场大规模的搜索行动。A. argument争论；B. difference差异；C. search搜索；D. discussion讨论。根据前文“I need helicopters, I need boats”以及后文救援成功可知，救援人员随即展开搜索。 【7题详解】 考查动词。句意：几分钟后，Austin的母亲、12岁的弟弟Beau和8岁的妹妹Grace被定位。A. located定位；B. contacted联系；C. saved拯救；D. trapped困住。根据后文“A rescue boat was directed to them and all three were rescued”可知，母亲和弟弟妹妹被定位找到。 【8题详解】 考查动词。句意：即使五天后，Austin仍在努力消化发生的事情。A. question对……表示怀疑；B. process处理；C. cover覆盖；D. deny否认。根据前文他经历生死考验，和后文“Despite what people kept telling him, he ________ didn’t see himself as a hero.”可知，说明Austin刚刚经历了一场极度危险的求生壮举，在情感上仍处于震惊和难以置信中。他需要的不仅仅是理性上知道事情经过，更是在内心深处去处理这段惊心动魄的经历。 【9题详解】 考查副词。句意：尽管人们一直告诉他（他是英雄），但他个人并不认为自己是英雄。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. naturally自然地；C. jokingly开玩笑地；D. personally就个人而言。根据前文“Despite what people kept telling him”可知，前后文是转折关系，因此推断，尽管人们认为他是英雄，他个人不觉得自己是英雄。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：而爱给了他他自己都不知道拥有的力量。A. chance机会；B. strength力量；C. dream梦想；D. right 权利。根据前文“Austin swam roughly 4 kilometers, battling exhaustion and strong currents.”可知，Austin因爱家人而迸发出超常的毅力和力量。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词；在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 语法填空 Last weekend’s coastal clean-up campaign ____11____ (plan) by our student union one month ago to protect local marine ecosystems. When the union put forward a rule limiting each group to only five volunteers, plenty of students stepped forward to vote ____12____ the proposal without hesitation. The organizers came up with the rule ____13____ (strengthen) safety control and prevent overcrowding on the narrow beach path. However, most participants argued that more hands were needed to clear plastic rubbish, fishing nets and abandoned bottles scattered along the long shoreline. 【答案】11. was planned 12. for 13. to strengthen 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了学生会为保护当地海洋生态系统策划的上周末海岸清理活动，以及针对每组志愿者人数限制规则产生的不同看法。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：为保护当地海洋生态系统，上周末的海岸清理活动是由学生会在一个月前策划的。根据时间状语one month ago可知，句子描述的是过去的事实，应用一般过去时；主语campaign和动词plan之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为单数名词，be动词用was。 【12题详解】 考查介词。句意：当学生会提出一项规定，将每组志愿者人数限制为五人时，许多学生毫不犹豫地投票支持这项提议。vote for是固定短语，意为“投票支持”。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：组织者制定这项规定是为了加强安全管控，防止狭窄的海滩通道出现人员拥挤。句中已有谓语came up with，空处需用非谓语动词；此处用不定式作目的状语，表示制定规则的目的。 B 语法填空。 The annual campus creativity exhibition ____14____ (attract) learners from dozens of nearby high schools over the past five years. Widely ____15____ (regard) as the most influential youth creative event in our district, it serves as a warm and open platform ____16____ students can showcase handmade artworks, small tech inventions and original literary works. Teachers and event staff keep ____17____ (push) teenagers to think outside the box with bold creative attempts, and communicate their unique ideas with peers and professional judges visiting the exhibition hall every year. 【答案】14. has attracted 15. regarded 16. where 17. pushing 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍一年一度的校园创意展，讲述它的影响力、功能以及对青少年创新思维的促进作用。 【14题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：在过去五年间，一年一度的校园创意展吸引了周边几十所中学的学生。根据时间状语over the past five years可知，应用现在完成时，主语exhibition为单数名词，助动词用has。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：被广泛视作本区最有影响力的青少年创意活动，它充当一个温暖开放的平台，学生们可以在此展示手工艺术品、小型科技发明以及原创文学作品。句中已有谓语动词serves，空处应填非谓语形式；regard与其逻辑主语it之间是被动关系，应用过去分词regarded作状语。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：被广泛视作本区最有影响力的青少年创意活动，它充当一个温暖开放的平台，学生们可以在此展示手工艺术品、小型科技发明以及原创文学作品。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词是platform，表示地点，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：教师和活动工作人员不断鼓励青少年打破常规，大胆进行创造性尝试，并且与每年来到展厅的同龄人和专业评委交流他们独特的想法。keep doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“持续做某事，一直做某事”，此处为动名词作宾语。 C 语法填空 All public service departments should set up complete measuring standards to fairly evaluate ____18____ they perform in resource saving and environmental protection. City infrastructure, transport systems and community facilities all need systematic transformation to build a ____19____ (sustainable) urban living environment that rises above the existing standard. Local authorities also bear the vital responsibility of keeping users ____20____ (inform) about low-carbon living methods, waste classification rules and green activity plans, which effectively encourage every citizen to join environmental protection initiatives in daily life. 【答案】18. how 19. more sustainable 20. informed 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了公共服务部门应当建立完善评估标准，推进城市低碳改造，引导民众参与环保行动。 【18题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：所有公共服务部门都应当建立完善的衡量标准，以此公平评估它们在节约资源和保护环境方面表现如何。此处为连接词引导宾语从句作evaluate的宾语，从句中不缺主语和宾语，结合句意，此处表达“如何、怎么样”，所以用连接副词how。 【19题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：城市基础设施、交通系统以及社区设施都需要系统性改造，来打造一个超越现有标准的更加可持续的城市居住环境。修饰名词urban living environment需要用形容词，根据后文“that rises above the existing standard”可知，此处存在对比含义，需要使用形容词比较级，sustainable的比较级为more sustainable。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府也承担着重要责任，要让用户了解低碳生活方式、垃圾分类规则以及绿色活动方案，这能有效鼓励每一位市民在日常生活中参与环保行动。此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，inform与宾语users之间为被动关系，表示“使人们被告知、使人们了解”，所以使用过去分词informed。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Pre-sessional Course in Academic English The University of Oxford Language Centre is pleased to offer an Online Pre-sessional English course. This six-week intensive programme provides international students admitted to Oxford with the necessary academic writing and speaking skills to prepare them for studying in English at Oxford. International academics, and students preparing to study at universities other than Oxford, are also welcome to apply. Application deadline: Monday 29 June 2026 Course dates: Monday 6 July — Friday 14 August 2026 Admission requirements Applicants will need to provide evidence of their English language test result before being admitted to the Pre-sessional course. Please see the University’s English language requirements for undergraduate study and postgraduate study. Test Minimum score for courses requiring standard level Minimum score for courses requiring higher level IELTS Academic 6.5 overall 7.0 overall TOEFL iBT 92 overall 100 overall C1 Advanced Test 176 185 C2 Level Test 176 185 Oxford Test of English Advanced 145 155 What you will study The course will be delivered through real-time classes, small workshops, online lectures recorded by our Academic English team, and one-to-one and group live tutorials (辅导) with English tutors. Specifically, this English Course will help students to: Write academic English for different audiences and purposes. Understand grammatical aspects of language that pose difficulty for non-native writers. Read more effectively, with increased efficiency and speed. Improve their pronunciation and learn to speak confidently in lectures and workshops. Develop academic study skills such as searching for information and referencing sources. Benefits of our online course You can follow the course from the convenience of your home without needing to travel to Oxford. Using cutting-edge technology and software, the specifically designed online course offers the same quality of experience as our in-person offering. You will receive regular personalised tutorials and feedback from our language tutors. You will have the opportunity to meet and socialise with students from around the world in a virtual classroom environment. More details will be available from the student handbook which will be sent to all students two weeks prior to the course start date. 21. An applicant for the Pre-sessional Course is required to ________. A. be an Oxford student or academic B. provide proof of English competence C. submit the application by 6 July 2026 D. take an English test organized by Oxford 22. Which student is qualified for a higher level course? A. One with 189 in C2 Level Test. B. One with 6.5 overall in IELTS. C. One with 93 overall in TOEFL iBT. D. One with 178 in C1 Advanced Test. 23. What can a learner do in the pre-sessional course? A. Receive in-person tutorials with English tutors. B. Socialise with international students at Oxford. C. Master the use of cutting-edge teaching software. D. Enhance comprehensive English language abilities. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍牛津大学语言中心开设的线上学前学术英语课程，包含申请时间、录取标准、授课内容与课程优势相关信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Admission requirements中的“Applicants will need to provide evidence of their English language test result before being admitted to the Pre-sessional course.(申请者在获准进入学前课程之前需要提供英语考试成绩证明)”可知，申请者需要提交英语能力相关证明。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中higher level对应分数：C2 Level Test 需185分及以上可知，A选项“One with 189 in C2 Level Test.(C2 等级考试取得189分)”高于 185，符合高标准要求。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据What you will study 板块罗列内容“Write academic English...Understand grammatical aspects...Read more effectively...Improve their pronunciation...Develop academic study skills (撰写学术英语、攻克语法难点、高效阅读、改善发音、培养学术技能)”可知，参加前学术英语课程能够提升综合英语能力。 B As a first-generation university graduate, I had always felt the pressure to lead the way, to live up to expectations no one else in my family had ever faced. To get into graduate school, I focused on presenting myself not as a trainee ready to learn, but as an already successful, accomplished researcher, fully formed and self-sufficient. But after starting my Ph.D., I was hit by wave after wave of academic challenges — not to mention the culture shock and financial stress of being an international student. I barely passed my first-year classes, had a string of scholarship applications rejected, and my research was stuck while peers steadily published papers. I felt I was running an endless race with a late start, falling far behind everyone else. My advisor had supported me from the very beginning, but I hesitated to share my struggles, fearing he’d see me as a failure. After 8 months of quietly carrying that weight, I finally spoke up. I sat in my advisor’s office, red-faced and anxious, words pouring out faster than I could control. For half an hour, I opened up about months of stress, doubt, and the sense that I didn’t belong. I expected judgment or disappointment. Instead, my advisor listened patiently, and then calmly offered a line I’ll never forget: “You are here to learn to ride a bicycle, not to invent a bicycle.” That one sentence landed softly, but it broke something open. His words redefined graduate school for me. I realized chasing productivity and groundbreaking projects was misguided. The real goal was to learn how to do research and grow. I began counting on my advisor and peers, seeking early feedback. Every project, success or failure, became a meaningful step. Two years later, I completed my Ph.D. with hard-earned experience, supportive peers, and a personal profile I was proud of. I went on to do further research where I mastered “riding skills” while gathering tools to “invent my own bicycle”, focusing on core skills like funding proposal writing and leadership. Now, as I prepare to establish my own research group, I’ll remind my trainees: their first job is to learn how to ride. 24. The author presented herself as a successful researcher due to ________. A. the need to lead her research group B. the fear of disappointing her advisor C. the pressure from family expectations D. the desire to fit in with other graduates 25. How did the author feel after starting her Ph.D. program? A. Resentful and hesitant. B. Overwhelmed and disheartened. C. Secure and accomplished. D. Curious and satisfied. 26. What did the author do after the conversation with the advisor? A. She chased productivity and breakthroughs. B. She decided to switch to a postdoc program. C. She focused more on learning core research skills. D. She attempted to conduct research more independently. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了大学毕业的作者在攻读博士初期迫于压力伪装成成熟优秀的研究者，遭遇重重困境后向导师倾诉，导师的话语点醒了她，她转变心态专注学习科研本领，最终完成博士学业并以此告诫自己未来学员的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第一段“As a first‑generation university graduate, I had always felt the pressure to lead the way, to live up to expectations no one else in my family had ever faced. To get into graduate school, I focused on presenting myself not as a trainee ready to learn, but as an already successful, accomplished researcher, fully formed and self‑sufficient.(作为第一代大学毕业生，我一直承受着要带头前行、不辜负家人从未面对过的种种期待的压力。为了进入研究生院，我着力把自己塑造成一名已然成功、颇有建树的研究者，能力完备且自给自足，而不是一名做好学习准备的受训者。)”可知，作者把自己表现成一名成功的研究者是源于家庭期望带来的压力。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第二段“But after starting my Ph.D., I was hit by wave after wave of academic challenges — not to mention the culture shock and financial stress of being an international student. I barely passed my first‑year classes, had a string of scholarship applications rejected, and my research was stuck while peers steadily published papers. I felt I was running an endless race with a late start, falling far behind everyone else.(但在开始攻读博士学位之后，我遭遇了一波又一波的学术挑战，更不用说作为一名国际学生所要面对的文化冲击与经济压力。我第一年的课程勉强及格，一连串奖学金申请遭到拒绝，我的研究陷入停滞，而同龄人却在不断发表论文。我感觉自己在参加一场起步已晚的无尽赛跑，远远落后于其他人。)”可知，博士入学之后作者倍感压力巨大、灰心沮丧。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第四段“His words redefined graduate school for me. I realized chasing productivity and groundbreaking projects was misguided. The real goal was to learn how to do research and grow. I began counting on my advisor and peers, seeking early feedback. Every project, success or failure, became a meaningful step.(他的话重新定义了我对研究生阶段的理解。我意识到一味追求产出和开创性项目是错误的，真正的目标是学习如何做研究并获得成长。我开始依靠导师和同辈，尽早寻求反馈。每一个项目，无论成败，都成为有意义的一步。)”可知，和导师交谈过后，作者更加专注学习核心科研技能。 C Ghosting is a term that refers to the practice of one person ending all forms of communication with another, without any warning or reason. Messages are left on “read”, calls are ignored, and social media ties may be severed. Before the internet, many relationships were formed within inter-connected circles, typically through friends or at work. It would have been much harder to completely sever contact with someone without the awkwardness of bumping into them or facing negative social implications within the community. Now with so many relationships initiated online with fewer connections in common, there are fewer consequences to deal with if we decide to disconnect from someone in a less-than-ethical way. Ghosting can be seen as an effortless solution for avoiding the emotional messiness of having to explain to somebody why you no longer want to continue engaging with them. Deliberately avoiding conflicts can be a form of self-protection to safeguard the ghoster from anxiety or stress, especially if they have had negative experiences dealing with conflict in the past. Ghosting culture can also be interpreted as resulting from the unlimited choices that we now have at our fingertips when it comes to finding a new partner, job or social circle to join. With the huge array of possibilities out there for us to pick from, it has become far too easy to view others as commodities, ready to trade in at the click of a button for something bigger and better. Decision fatigue (疲惫) plays a factor too, especially when we are trying to balance numerous options all in one go. Ghosting provides a practical strategy for weeding out less desirable candidates and saving our energy and time from having to explain why they didn’t make the cut. Ghosting might be becoming increasingly frequent these days, but that doesn’t mean it has become any easier to deal with. The ghostee might then endlessly re-examine every last interaction to pinpoint a cause for the termination of the relationship. This usually leads to negative conclusions and self-blame. However, it’s not only the recipient who suffers from the consequences of ghosting. If ghosting and avoidance become a common occurrence in the ghoster’s social interactions with others, they risk missing out on healthy long-term relationships that require effective communication skills, problem-solving and trust in order to thrive. Disconnection is an unavoidable aspect of life but how we choose to end relationships is fully within our control. It may seem cliché but adopting old-fashioned principles, such as treating others the way we would like to be treated, will prevent us from becoming a society haunted by undesirable behaviour. 27. What does the underlined word “severed” in Para. 1 mean? A. Built up. B. Cut off. C. Given away. D. Relied on. 28. Which of the following situations is an example of ghosting? A. A guide cancels the travel plan at the last minute. B. A child hangs out with friends without telling parents. C. A friend stops having any forms of interactions with you. D. A student refuses to hand in homework without explanation. 29. How might ghosting affect the ghostee? A. Self-defense in the face of criticism. B. Effective management of relationship. C. Self-doubt due to unexpected breakups. D. Long-term relief from intense conflicts. 30. What is the author’s attitude towards ghosting? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Uncertain. D. Objective. 【答案】27. B 28. C 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“幽灵”行为，以及这种行为对人们的影响。 【27题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Ghosting is a term that refers to the practice of one person ending all forms of communication with another, without any warning or reason. Messages are left on “read”, calls are ignored, and social media ties may be…(“幽灵”是一个术语，指的是一个人在没有任何警告或理由的情况下结束与另一个人的所有形式的交流。信息处于“已读”状态，电话被忽略，社交媒体联系可能被……)”可知，“幽灵”指的是一个人毫无预兆或理由地结束与另一个人的所有形式的交流，信息被“已读不回”，电话被忽略，那么社交媒体联系也应该是被“切断”。B选项Cut off“切断”符合该语境。故选B项。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Ghosting is a term that refers to the practice of one person ending all forms of communication with another, without any warning or reason.( “幽灵”是一个术语，指的是一个人在没有任何警告或理由的情况下结束与另一个人的所有形式的交流。)”可推知，“幽灵”是指一个人毫无预兆或理由地结束与另一个人的所有形式的交流。A选项 “A guide cancels the travel plan at the last minute.”(一个导游在最后一刻取消了旅行计划)，这不是人与人之间结束所有交流，A 错误；B 选项“A child hangs out with friends without telling parents.”(一个孩子没告诉父母就和朋友出去玩了)，不是结束与他人的交流，B错误；C选项“A friend stops having any forms of interactions with you.”(一个朋友停止了与你进行任何形式的互动)，符合“幽灵”的定义，C正确；D选项“A student refuses to hand in homework without explanation.”(一个学生没有解释就拒绝交作业)，这不是人与人之间结束交流的行为，D错误。故选C项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The ghostee might then endlessly re-examine every last interaction to pinpoint a cause for the termination of the relationship. This usually leads to negative conclusions and self-blame.( 然后，幽灵可能会无休止地重新审视每一次互动，以找出关系终止的原因。这通常会导致消极的结论和自责。)” 可知，被“幽灵”的人可能会无休止地重新审视每一次互动，试图找出关系终止的原因，这通常会导致负面的结论和自责，也就是会因为意外的关系破裂而产生自我怀疑。故选C项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Disconnection is an unavoidable aspect of life but how we choose to end relationships is fully within our control. It may seem cliché but adopting old-fashioned principles, such as treating others the way we would like to be treated, will prevent us from becoming a society haunted by undesirable behaviour.( 断绝关系是生活中不可避免的一个方面，但我们如何选择结束关系完全在我们的控制之中。这似乎是陈词滥调，但采用一些过时的原则，比如我们希望别人怎样对待我们，我们就怎样对待别人，将防止我们成为一个被不良行为困扰的社会。)”可知，作者认为虽然断联是生活中不可避免的一部分，但我们选择结束关系的方式是可以控制的，并且应该采用像“己所不欲，勿施于人”这样的传统原则，以防止我们的社会被不良行为所困扰，说明作者不赞成“幽灵”这种行为。故选B项。 D Ask most scientists if we’re animals and you’ll get a funny look. Of course, we’re humans! But very commonly, humans are set apart from animals using random division. In 2018, a pair of long-tailed macaques were cloned to be used in biomedical research. A few years earlier, the United Nations stated that cloning people goes against human dignity. That may be a good ruling. But what exactly is dignity, and why do humans have it while intelligent, aware primates(灵长目动物) such as macaques do not? A macaque may not think or talk about dignity, but does that mean it doesn’t possess it? The fact is, biology won’t leap to our assistance here because dignity is a human invention. “Dignity” originates in Enlightenment dualist (二元论者) ideas separating cognition from physicality and instinct, and later a new binary emerged: the human mind and our physical bodies. In this worldview, the impulses and feelings of animal bodies (including our own) are viewed as less important than our mental experiences. Many of our laws and guidelines today create hard borders between humans and other animals on the basis of our supposedly superior mental properties. To maintain a strict boundary between our experiences and those of all other animals, we find ourselves prioritizing what we consider mind-based phenomena when making policies. So we demote experiences of fear and promote the idea that knowing fear — recognizing it, naming it — is what matters morally. We brush under the carpet the fact that these cognitive capacities, if present at all, change throughout our lives without altering our moral status. For example, babies experience fear but can’t conceptualize it. This doesn’t alter our belief in their moral subjecthood. I look at the history of science and psychology research to understand how our discomfort with some aspects of being animals — from moral confusion to mortality — can spur us to tell ourselves that we’re not really animals. I conclude that it’s time for a much-needed change in belief that no longer splits the world into unhelpful and unscientific binaries. The overwhelming bulk of scientific data from the past few decades points to how essential our animal, physical life is to our actions, feeling and thoughts. A research into child development has shown that significant, measurable advantages in acquiring language and mathematics follow the use of physical movement and gesture. We urgently need to get a handle on what it means to be an animal and move beyond old-fashioned dualism. It’s not just that we’re animals: embodied, physical experiences are richer and more meaningful than we’ve recognized. If that means we need to rethink our relationship to other animals, so be it. 31. What can we know about “dignity” in the passage? A. It is a term which separates humans from animals. B. It is a cognitive standard shared by all primates. C. It is an idea combining human body and mind. D. It is an emotional feature of human being. 32. Why does the author mention the example of babies in Para. 3? A. To prove cognitive ability is needed for moral subjecthood. B. To show the change of cognitive ability in moral development. C. To highlight the importance of cognitive ability in policy making. D. To stress the existence of moral status regardless of level of cognition. 33. What is the writer trying to propose? A. A shift away from dualistic thinking. B. A new method for scientific research. C. Less emphasis on physical experiences. D. More attention to cognitive development. 34. Which is the best title of the article? A. But We Are Animals, Aren’t We? B. Thus We Claim Dignity, Don’t We? C. But We Are Truly Different, Aren’t We? D. So We Prefer Our Animal Nature, Don’t We? 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. A 34. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文探讨了人类与动物之间的界限，特别是尊严的概念。文章指出，尊严是人类发明的，将人类与动物区分开来。作者认为，我们需要重新思考与动物的关系，并认识到身体体验比我们想象的更有意义。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ask most scientists if we’re animals and you’ll get a funny look. Of course, we’re humans! But very commonly, humans are set apart from animals using random division. In 2018, a pair of long-tailed macaques were cloned to be used in biomedical research. A few years earlier, the United Nations stated that cloning people goes against human dignity. That may be a good ruling. But what exactly is dignity, and why do humans have it while intelligent, aware primates(灵长目动物) such as macaques do not?( 如果你问大多数科学家我们是否是动物，你会得到一个有趣的表情。当然，我们是人类！但通常情况下，人类和动物是通过随机划分来区分的。2018年，一对长尾猕猴被克隆用于生物医学研究。几年前，联合国声明克隆人类违背了人类的尊严。这可能是一个很好的裁决。但尊严到底是什么，为什么人类有尊严，而像猕猴这样聪明、有意识的灵长类动物却没有？)”以及第二段中““Dignity” originates in Enlightenment dualist (二元论者) ideas separating cognition from physicality and instinct, and later a new binary emerged: the human mind and our physical bodies.(‘尊严’起源于启蒙运动的二元论思想，将认知与肉体和本能分开，后来出现了一种新的二元观念：人类的心灵和我们的肉体。)”可知，“尊严”这个概念常常被用来区分人类和动物，它源于二元论思想，将人类和动物区分开来。故选A项。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“So we demote experiences of fear and promote the idea that knowing fear — recognizing it, naming it — is what matters morally. We brush under the carpet the fact that these cognitive capacities, if present at all, change throughout our lives without altering our moral status. For example, babies experience fear but can’t conceptualize it. This doesn’t alter our belief in their moral subjecthood.( 因此，我们贬低了恐惧的体验，并提倡这样一种观念，即了解恐惧——识别恐惧、指出恐惧——在道德上才是重要的。我们忽略了这样一个事实，即这些认知能力，如果存在的话，会在我们的一生中发生变化，而不会改变我们的道德地位。例如，婴儿会经历恐惧，但无法将其概念化。这并没有改变我们对他们道德主体性的信念。)”可知，作者提到婴儿的例子是为了说明，尽管婴儿能体验到恐惧但不能概念化恐惧，即认知能力有限，但这并不改变我们对他们道德主体性的认知，也就是强调无论认知水平如何，道德地位都是存在的。故选D项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“I conclude that it’s time for a much-needed change in belief that no longer splits the world into unhelpful and unscientific binaries.( 我的结论是，现在是时候改变信念了，不再把世界分成无意义和不科学的二元论。)”以及最后一段中“We urgently need to get a handle on what it means to be an animal and move beyond old-fashioned dualism.( 我们迫切需要弄清楚作为动物意味着什么，并超越老式的二元论。)”可推知，作者认为我们需要改变观念，摆脱那种将世界划分为无意义且不科学的二元论的思维方式。故选A项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Ask most scientists if we’re animals and you’ll get a funny look. Of course, we’re humans! But very commonly, humans are set apart from animals using random division. In 2018, a pair of long-tailed macaques were cloned to be used in biomedical research. A few years earlier, the United Nations stated that cloning people goes against human dignity.( 如果你问大多数科学家我们是否是动物，你会得到一个有趣的表情。当然，我们是人类！但通常情况下，人类和动物是通过随机划分来区分的。2018年，一对长尾猕猴被克隆用于生物医学研究。几年前，联合国声明克隆人类违背了人类的尊严。)”可知，文章开篇提出人类常将自己与动物区分开，以“尊严”为例说明这种区分的不合理性，接着阐述了二元论的观念以及其带来的问题，最后呼吁人们摆脱二元论，认识到人类也是动物，身体体验的重要性。A 选项“But We Are Animals, Aren’t We?”（但我们是动物，不是吗？）符合文章主旨，强调我们应该认识到自己也是动物这一事实，适合作为文章的最佳标题。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things may not always go as planned.____35____ Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time.____36____ They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem. ____37____ When we learn to solve problems for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.____38____This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself. When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can.____39____ Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time. And remember, no one is expected to solve all problems by themselves. If you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help. A. You also learn what you’re good at. B. Here is how you can be more resourceful. C. They can be practical things like pens and paper. D. Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways. E. These may be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on. F. Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best. G. But being resourceful can help you stay calm and deal with tricky situations. 【答案】35. G 36. E 37. D 38. A 39. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遇到棘手的问题时的应对方法，要足智多谋，随机应变。 【35题详解】 根据前文“How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things may not always go as planned.(当你自己解决问题的时候是什么感觉?事情可能并不总是按计划进行。)”及下文“Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. (足智多谋意味着找到聪明和创造性的方法来解决问题，利用你当时拥有的任何资源。)”可知，遇到棘手的问题时要足智多谋，随机应变。所以选择项G“But being resourceful can help you stay calm and deal with tricky situations.(但是足智多谋可以帮助你保持冷静，处理棘手的情况。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。 【36题详解】 根据前句“Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. (足智多谋意味着找到聪明和创造性的方法来解决问题，利用你当时拥有的任何资源。)”和后句“They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. (它们也可以是任何有用的东西，比如信息、建议或你自己的经历。)”中的also可知，空处和下文为并列关系，也是在列举可以利用的资源可能是什么。所以选择项E“These may be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on. (这些可能是著名的座右铭，总是激励我们继续前进。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。 【37题详解】 根据后文“When we learn to solve problems for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. (当我们学会自己解决问题而不是立即向别人寻求帮助时，它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感觉更独立，在做决定时感觉更好。足智多谋可能不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理它们会让你感觉压力更小，下次更有准备。)”可知，本段主要介绍足智多谋所带来的好处。所以选择项D“Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways.(足智多谋是一种在很多方面对你都有好处的技能。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。 【38题详解】 前文“ Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. (足智多谋可能不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理它们会让你感觉压力更小，下次更有准备。)”指出创造性地思考的好处之一是让自己更有准备，空处应也在介绍好处，选项A“You also learn what you’re good at. (你也会知道你擅长什么。)”符合，即好处是对自己更加了解。故选A。 【39题详解】 根据前句“Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. (接下来，为这个问题想出尽可能多的解决方案。)”和后句“Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time. (最后，回顾一下哪些是有效的，哪些是无效的，这样你就能在下次处理这种情况时做好准备。)”可知，想出尽可能多的解决方案后要权衡和筛选，选出最佳的一个。所以选择项F“Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best. (权衡一下每个方案的优点和缺点，选择最好的。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题：第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Hogan was one of the greatest golfers of the 20th century, an accomplishment he achieved through tireless practice. For him, every practice session had a purpose. He spent years breaking down each phase of the golf swing and testing new methods for each part. The result was near perfection. Hogan finished his career with nine major championships. During his prime, other golfers attributed his remarkable success to “Hogan’s secret”. Today, experts have a new term for his style of improvement: deliberate practice. Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. While regular practice might include mindless repetitions, deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving performance. When Hogan carefully reconstructed each step of his golf swing, he was engaging in deliberate practice. He was finely tuning his technique. The greatest challenge of deliberate practice is to remain focused. In the beginning, showing up and putting in your repeated practice is the most important thing. But after a while we begin to carelessly overlook small errors and miss daily opportunities for improvement. This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to transform repeated behaviors into automatic habits. The more we repeat a task, the more mindless it becomes. Mindless activity is the enemy of deliberate practice. The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes assumed. Too often, we assume we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In reality, we are merely reinforcing our current habits—not improving them. Deliberate practice always follows the same pattern: break the overall process down into parts, identify your weaknesses, test new strategies for each section, and then integrate your learning into the overall process. Deliberate practice does not mean that you can fashion yourself into anything with enough work and effort, though. While human beings do possess a remarkable ability to develop their skills, genes put limits on how far any individual can go. But genetics do not determine performance. It is deliberate practice that can help us maximize our potential. It turns potential into reality. 40. What is deliberate practice according to the passage? ____________________________________________________________ 41. What is the danger of mindless repetition? ____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to the passage, we possess a remarkable ability to develop our skills, so we can achieve any success through deliberate practice. ____________________________________________________________ 43. Use an example to show how you will use deliberate practice to develop your skills? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. 41. The danger of mindless repetition is that progress becomes assumed. 42. According to the passage, we possess a remarkable ability to develop our skills, so we can achieve any success through deliberate practice；原因为：According to the passage, while human beings do possess a remarkable ability to develop their skills, genes put limits on how far any individual can go. 43. Use an example to show how you will use deliberate practice to develop your skills? (In about 40 words) 1.When learning skiing, I often fell as I couldn’t make turns properly.（情景描述） I broke the skill into hip rotation（转胯） and weight shifting, practicing slowly with video feedback to find my hips turned too early.（方法应用） After 2 weeks, I could turn smoothly without falling.（效果说明） 2.When learning basketball, I always lost the ball while dribbling. （情景描述） I broke it into low-hand dribbling and direction-changing, found wrist force mistakes via slow-motion videos, practiced 100 times daily, （方法应用） and improved dribbling stability after 3 weeks. （效果说明） 3.While practicing English listening, I often missed details. （情景描述） I segmented materials for intensive listening, dictating sentence by sentence to mark weak pronunciations. （方法应用） Finding sound-dropping issues by comparing with the original, I shadowed for 20 mins daily and raised comprehension from 60% to 85% in a month. （效果说明） 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了刻意练习是一种特殊的练习方式，它需要有目的和系统的方法，集中的注意力和提高表现的具体目标。我们可以通过刻意练习来发展自己的技能。然而，这种练习并不意味着我们可以通过足够的工作和努力来塑造自己成为任何东西，因为基因对每个人能达到的极限有影响。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. (刻意练习是指一种特殊的、有目的的、系统的练习。)”可知，刻意练习是指一种特殊的、有目的的、系统的练习。故答案为Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Mindless activity is the enemy of deliberate practice. The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes assumed. (无意识的活动是刻意练习的敌人。一遍又一遍地练习同样的事情的危险在于，你会想当然地认为自己取得了进步。) ”可知，无意识的重复练习的危险在于我们可能会误认为自己在进步，而实际上我们只是在加强当前的习惯，而没有改进它们。故答案为The danger of mindless repetition is that progress becomes assumed. 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“While human beings do possess a remarkable ability to develop their skills, genes put limits on how far any individual can go. But genetics do not determine performance. It is deliberate practice that can help us maximize our potential. It turns potential into reality. (虽然人类确实拥有发展技能的非凡能力，但基因限制了个人的能力。但基因并不能决定成绩。刻意练习可以帮助我们最大限度地发挥我们的潜力。它把潜力变成现实。)”可知，虽然人类具有非凡的发展技能的能力，但基因决定了个人可以达到的极限，因此不能通过刻意练习实现任何成功，刻意练习可以最大限度的帮助我们发挥自己的潜力，把潜力变成现实。原句According to the passage, we possess a remarkable ability to develop our skills, so we can achieve any success through deliberate practice.( 根据这篇文章，我们拥有一种非凡的能力来发展我们的技能，所以我们可以通过刻意的练习来取得任何成功。)指出通过可以联系能够取得任何成功，“任何错误”表述错误，与原文信息不符，因为虽然人类具有非凡的发展技能的能力，但基因决定了个人可以达到的极限，因此不能通过刻意练习实现任何成功。故答案为According to the passage, we possess a remarkable ability to develop our skills, so we can achieve any success through deliberate practice；原因为：According to the passage, while human beings do possess a remarkable ability to develop their skills, genes put limits on how far any individual can go. 【43题详解】 开放性题目。本题为开放性题目，回答言之有理即可。题目的内容是“How will you use deliberate practice to develop one of your skills?( 你将如何通过刻意练习来发展你的一项技能?)”；本人认为我会将技能分解成几个部分，找出自己的弱点，针对每个部分测试新的策略，然后将我的学习融入到整体过程中，以提高我的表现。故答案可以从以下步骤考虑 1.When learning skiing, I often fell as I couldn’t make turns properly.（情景描述） I broke the skill into hip rotation（转胯） and weight shifting, practicing slowly with video feedback to find my hips turned too early.（方法应用） After 2 weeks, I could turn smoothly without falling.（效果说明） 2.When learning basketball, I always lost the ball while dribbling. （情景描述） I broke it into low-hand dribbling and direction-changing, found wrist force mistakes via slow-motion videos, practiced 100 times daily, （方法应用） and improved dribbling stability after 3 weeks. （效果说明） 3.While practicing English listening, I often missed details. （情景描述） I segmented materials for intensive listening, dictating sentence by sentence to mark weak pronunciations. （方法应用） Finding sound-dropping issues by comparing with the original, I shadowed for 20 mins daily and raised comprehension from 60% to 85% in a month. （效果说明） 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。今年是学校英文校刊创办十周年，为了更好地迎合读者的需求，校刊决定增加一个新栏目。现向全校同学征集意见。你作为一名忠实读者，请写一封邮件给校刊主编 Jim， 内容包括： 1. 对创刊十周年表示祝贺； 2. 建议新增栏目的名称、内容和推荐理由。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, Congratulations on the 10th anniversary of our English school magazine. Knowing that the school newspaper has decided to add a new section, I am writing to give my suggestion. Have you ever considered adding the column “Teen Life”? High school students have their own stories, interests and thoughts, which are valuable materials for them to write about. The column will be a stage for them to present their colorful life in English. Many students may take an active part in writing their stories, which I believe will be of great help to improve their English. Hope our school English newspaper will become more and more popular. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给校刊主编Jim写封邮件，对创刊十周年表示祝贺，建议新增栏目的名称、内容和推荐理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 决定：decide→determine 建议：suggestion→advice 宝贵的：valuable→precious 参加：take part in→participate in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The column will be a stage for them to present their colorful life in English. 拓展句：The column will be a stage where they can present their colorful life in English. 【点睛】[高分句型1] High school students have their own stories, interests and thoughts, which are valuable materials for them to write about. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Many students may take an active part in writing their stories, which I believe will be of great help to improve their English. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京二中2026 — 2027学年度高三年级开学测试试卷 英 语 得分：_____________ 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Joanne Appelbee and her three children were using paddleboards and a kayak near Quindalup beach in Geographe Bay when the wind ___1___ and shifted. The family lost oars and control, floating away from shallow water into stronger currents. ___2___ decreased as the day wore on and waves grew rougher, making it harder to signal for help or for nearby ships to spot them. With no obvious rescue nearby, Joanne sent 13-year-old Austin to kayak back to shore to get help first because he was the strongest swimmer and the most ___3___ with the equipment. Austin took the kayak, but it had been badly damaged and was already taking on water. He ___4___ the situation quickly and chose to swim despite the distance and conditions. He even removed his lifejacket to swim more efficiently. “I was really scared. I was out of breath, but I couldn’t even feel how tired I was,” he said. “At one point I was trying to get the ___5___ things in my head. Not the bad things that would distract me.” Austin swam roughly 4 kilometers, battling exhaustion and strong currents. When he finally reached the shore, he called emergency services, saying “I need helicopters, I need boats, my family’s out at sea.” The call started a huge ___6___. Minutes later, Austin’s mother, his brother Beau, 12, and his sister Grace, 8, were ___7___. A rescue boat was directed to them and all three were rescued. Austin was still trying to ___8___ what happened even five days later. Despite what people kept telling him, he ___9___ didn’t see himself as a hero. Meanwhile, authorities publicly praised the boy for his courage, determination and clear-headed actions. That day, Austin didn’t just swim for shore — he swam for his family. And love gave him the _____10_____ he never knew he had. 1. A. picked up B. died down C. blew out D. took off 2. A. Speed B. Tension C. Visibility D. Strength 3. A. concerned B. cautious C. curious D. confident 4. A. described B. assessed C. ignored D. dismissed 5. A. simplest B. worst C. hardest D. happiest 6. A. argument B. difference C. search D. discussion 7. A. located B. contacted C. saved D. trapped 8. A. question B. process C. cover D. deny 9. A. hesitantly B. naturally C. jokingly D. personally 10. A. chance B. strength C. dream D. right 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词；在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 语法填空 Last weekend’s coastal clean-up campaign ____11____ (plan) by our student union one month ago to protect local marine ecosystems. When the union put forward a rule limiting each group to only five volunteers, plenty of students stepped forward to vote ____12____ the proposal without hesitation. The organizers came up with the rule ____13____ (strengthen) safety control and prevent overcrowding on the narrow beach path. However, most participants argued that more hands were needed to clear plastic rubbish, fishing nets and abandoned bottles scattered along the long shoreline. B 语法填空。 The annual campus creativity exhibition ____14____ (attract) learners from dozens of nearby high schools over the past five years. Widely ____15____ (regard) as the most influential youth creative event in our district, it serves as a warm and open platform ____16____ students can showcase handmade artworks, small tech inventions and original literary works. Teachers and event staff keep ____17____ (push) teenagers to think outside the box with bold creative attempts, and communicate their unique ideas with peers and professional judges visiting the exhibition hall every year. C 语法填空 All public service departments should set up complete measuring standards to fairly evaluate ____18____ they perform in resource saving and environmental protection. City infrastructure, transport systems and community facilities all need systematic transformation to build a ____19____ (sustainable) urban living environment that rises above the existing standard. Local authorities also bear the vital responsibility of keeping users ____20____ (inform) about low-carbon living methods, waste classification rules and green activity plans, which effectively encourage every citizen to join environmental protection initiatives in daily life. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Pre-sessional Course in Academic English The University of Oxford Language Centre is pleased to offer an Online Pre-sessional English course. This six-week intensive programme provides international students admitted to Oxford with the necessary academic writing and speaking skills to prepare them for studying in English at Oxford. International academics, and students preparing to study at universities other than Oxford, are also welcome to apply. Application deadline: Monday 29 June 2026 Course dates: Monday 6 July — Friday 14 August 2026 Admission requirements Applicants will need to provide evidence of their English language test result before being admitted to the Pre-sessional course. Please see the University’s English language requirements for undergraduate study and postgraduate study. Test Minimum score for courses requiring standard level Minimum score for courses requiring higher level IELTS Academic 6.5 overall 7.0 overall TOEFL iBT 92 overall 100 overall C1 Advanced Test 176 185 C2 Level Test 176 185 Oxford Test of English Advanced 145 155 What you will study The course will be delivered through real-time classes, small workshops, online lectures recorded by our Academic English team, and one-to-one and group live tutorials (辅导) with English tutors. Specifically, this English Course will help students to: Write academic English for different audiences and purposes. Understand grammatical aspects of language that pose difficulty for non-native writers. Read more effectively, with increased efficiency and speed. Improve their pronunciation and learn to speak confidently in lectures and workshops. Develop academic study skills such as searching for information and referencing sources. Benefits of our online course You can follow the course from the convenience of your home without needing to travel to Oxford. Using cutting-edge technology and software, the specifically designed online course offers the same quality of experience as our in-person offering. You will receive regular personalised tutorials and feedback from our language tutors. You will have the opportunity to meet and socialise with students from around the world in a virtual classroom environment. More details will be available from the student handbook which will be sent to all students two weeks prior to the course start date. 21. An applicant for the Pre-sessional Course is required to ________. A. be an Oxford student or academic B. provide proof of English competence C. submit the application by 6 July 2026 D. take an English test organized by Oxford 22. Which student is qualified for a higher level course? A. One with 189 in C2 Level Test. B. One with 6.5 overall in IELTS. C. One with 93 overall in TOEFL iBT. D. One with 178 in C1 Advanced Test. 23. What can a learner do in the pre-sessional course? A. Receive in-person tutorials with English tutors. B. Socialise with international students at Oxford. C. Master the use of cutting-edge teaching software. D. Enhance comprehensive English language abilities. B As a first-generation university graduate, I had always felt the pressure to lead the way, to live up to expectations no one else in my family had ever faced. To get into graduate school, I focused on presenting myself not as a trainee ready to learn, but as an already successful, accomplished researcher, fully formed and self-sufficient. But after starting my Ph.D., I was hit by wave after wave of academic challenges — not to mention the culture shock and financial stress of being an international student. I barely passed my first-year classes, had a string of scholarship applications rejected, and my research was stuck while peers steadily published papers. I felt I was running an endless race with a late start, falling far behind everyone else. My advisor had supported me from the very beginning, but I hesitated to share my struggles, fearing he’d see me as a failure. After 8 months of quietly carrying that weight, I finally spoke up. I sat in my advisor’s office, red-faced and anxious, words pouring out faster than I could control. For half an hour, I opened up about months of stress, doubt, and the sense that I didn’t belong. I expected judgment or disappointment. Instead, my advisor listened patiently, and then calmly offered a line I’ll never forget: “You are here to learn to ride a bicycle, not to invent a bicycle.” That one sentence landed softly, but it broke something open. His words redefined graduate school for me. I realized chasing productivity and groundbreaking projects was misguided. The real goal was to learn how to do research and grow. I began counting on my advisor and peers, seeking early feedback. Every project, success or failure, became a meaningful step. Two years later, I completed my Ph.D. with hard-earned experience, supportive peers, and a personal profile I was proud of. I went on to do further research where I mastered “riding skills” while gathering tools to “invent my own bicycle”, focusing on core skills like funding proposal writing and leadership. Now, as I prepare to establish my own research group, I’ll remind my trainees: their first job is to learn how to ride. 24. The author presented herself as a successful researcher due to ________. A. the need to lead her research group B. the fear of disappointing her advisor C. the pressure from family expectations D. the desire to fit in with other graduates 25. How did the author feel after starting her Ph.D. program? A. Resentful and hesitant. B. Overwhelmed and disheartened. C. Secure and accomplished. D. Curious and satisfied. 26. What did the author do after the conversation with the advisor? A. She chased productivity and breakthroughs. B. She decided to switch to a postdoc program. C. She focused more on learning core research skills. D. She attempted to conduct research more independently. C Ghosting is a term that refers to the practice of one person ending all forms of communication with another, without any warning or reason. Messages are left on “read”, calls are ignored, and social media ties may be severed. Before the internet, many relationships were formed within inter-connected circles, typically through friends or at work. It would have been much harder to completely sever contact with someone without the awkwardness of bumping into them or facing negative social implications within the community. Now with so many relationships initiated online with fewer connections in common, there are fewer consequences to deal with if we decide to disconnect from someone in a less-than-ethical way. Ghosting can be seen as an effortless solution for avoiding the emotional messiness of having to explain to somebody why you no longer want to continue engaging with them. Deliberately avoiding conflicts can be a form of self-protection to safeguard the ghoster from anxiety or stress, especially if they have had negative experiences dealing with conflict in the past. Ghosting culture can also be interpreted as resulting from the unlimited choices that we now have at our fingertips when it comes to finding a new partner, job or social circle to join. With the huge array of possibilities out there for us to pick from, it has become far too easy to view others as commodities, ready to trade in at the click of a button for something bigger and better. Decision fatigue (疲惫) plays a factor too, especially when we are trying to balance numerous options all in one go. Ghosting provides a practical strategy for weeding out less desirable candidates and saving our energy and time from having to explain why they didn’t make the cut. Ghosting might be becoming increasingly frequent these days, but that doesn’t mean it has become any easier to deal with. The ghostee might then endlessly re-examine every last interaction to pinpoint a cause for the termination of the relationship. This usually leads to negative conclusions and self-blame. However, it’s not only the recipient who suffers from the consequences of ghosting. If ghosting and avoidance become a common occurrence in the ghoster’s social interactions with others, they risk missing out on healthy long-term relationships that require effective communication skills, problem-solving and trust in order to thrive. Disconnection is an unavoidable aspect of life but how we choose to end relationships is fully within our control. It may seem cliché but adopting old-fashioned principles, such as treating others the way we would like to be treated, will prevent us from becoming a society haunted by undesirable behaviour. 27. What does the underlined word “severed” in Para. 1 mean? A. Built up. B. Cut off. C. Given away. D. Relied on. 28. Which of the following situations is an example of ghosting? A. A guide cancels the travel plan at the last minute. B. A child hangs out with friends without telling parents. C. A friend stops having any forms of interactions with you. D. A student refuses to hand in homework without explanation. 29. How might ghosting affect the ghostee? A. Self-defense in the face of criticism. B. Effective management of relationship. C. Self-doubt due to unexpected breakups. D. Long-term relief from intense conflicts. 30. What is the author’s attitude towards ghosting? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Uncertain. D. Objective. D Ask most scientists if we’re animals and you’ll get a funny look. Of course, we’re humans! But very commonly, humans are set apart from animals using random division. In 2018, a pair of long-tailed macaques were cloned to be used in biomedical research. A few years earlier, the United Nations stated that cloning people goes against human dignity. That may be a good ruling. But what exactly is dignity, and why do humans have it while intelligent, aware primates(灵长目动物) such as macaques do not? A macaque may not think or talk about dignity, but does that mean it doesn’t possess it? The fact is, biology won’t leap to our assistance here because dignity is a human invention. “Dignity” originates in Enlightenment dualist (二元论者) ideas separating cognition from physicality and instinct, and later a new binary emerged: the human mind and our physical bodies. In this worldview, the impulses and feelings of animal bodies (including our own) are viewed as less important than our mental experiences. Many of our laws and guidelines today create hard borders between humans and other animals on the basis of our supposedly superior mental properties. To maintain a strict boundary between our experiences and those of all other animals, we find ourselves prioritizing what we consider mind-based phenomena when making policies. So we demote experiences of fear and promote the idea that knowing fear — recognizing it, naming it — is what matters morally. We brush under the carpet the fact that these cognitive capacities, if present at all, change throughout our lives without altering our moral status. For example, babies experience fear but can’t conceptualize it. This doesn’t alter our belief in their moral subjecthood. I look at the history of science and psychology research to understand how our discomfort with some aspects of being animals — from moral confusion to mortality — can spur us to tell ourselves that we’re not really animals. I conclude that it’s time for a much-needed change in belief that no longer splits the world into unhelpful and unscientific binaries. The overwhelming bulk of scientific data from the past few decades points to how essential our animal, physical life is to our actions, feeling and thoughts. A research into child development has shown that significant, measurable advantages in acquiring language and mathematics follow the use of physical movement and gesture. We urgently need to get a handle on what it means to be an animal and move beyond old-fashioned dualism. It’s not just that we’re animals: embodied, physical experiences are richer and more meaningful than we’ve recognized. If that means we need to rethink our relationship to other animals, so be it. 31. What can we know about “dignity” in the passage? A. It is a term which separates humans from animals. B. It is a cognitive standard shared by all primates. C. It is an idea combining human body and mind. D. It is an emotional feature of human being. 32. Why does the author mention the example of babies in Para. 3? A. To prove cognitive ability is needed for moral subjecthood. B. To show the change of cognitive ability in moral development. C. To highlight the importance of cognitive ability in policy making. D. To stress the existence of moral status regardless of level of cognition. 33. What is the writer trying to propose? A. A shift away from dualistic thinking. B. A new method for scientific research. C. Less emphasis on physical experiences. D. More attention to cognitive development. 34. Which is the best title of the article? A. But We Are Animals, Aren’t We? B. Thus We Claim Dignity, Don’t We? C. But We Are Truly Different, Aren’t We? D. So We Prefer Our Animal Nature, Don’t We? 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things may not always go as planned.____35____ Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time.____36____ They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem. ____37____ When we learn to solve problems for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.____38____This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself. When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can.____39____ Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time. And remember, no one is expected to solve all problems by themselves. If you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help. A. You also learn what you’re good at. B. Here is how you can be more resourceful. C. They can be practical things like pens and paper. D. Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways. E. These may be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on. F. Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best. G. But being resourceful can help you stay calm and deal with tricky situations. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题：第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Hogan was one of the greatest golfers of the 20th century, an accomplishment he achieved through tireless practice. For him, every practice session had a purpose. He spent years breaking down each phase of the golf swing and testing new methods for each part. The result was near perfection. Hogan finished his career with nine major championships. During his prime, other golfers attributed his remarkable success to “Hogan’s secret”. Today, experts have a new term for his style of improvement: deliberate practice. Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. While regular practice might include mindless repetitions, deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving performance. When Hogan carefully reconstructed each step of his golf swing, he was engaging in deliberate practice. He was finely tuning his technique. The greatest challenge of deliberate practice is to remain focused. In the beginning, showing up and putting in your repeated practice is the most important thing. But after a while we begin to carelessly overlook small errors and miss daily opportunities for improvement. This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to transform repeated behaviors into automatic habits. The more we repeat a task, the more mindless it becomes. Mindless activity is the enemy of deliberate practice. The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes assumed. Too often, we assume we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In reality, we are merely reinforcing our current habits—not improving them. Deliberate practice always follows the same pattern: break the overall process down into parts, identify your weaknesses, test new strategies for each section, and then integrate your learning into the overall process. Deliberate practice does not mean that you can fashion yourself into anything with enough work and effort, though. While human beings do possess a remarkable ability to develop their skills, genes put limits on how far any individual can go. But genetics do not determine performance. It is deliberate practice that can help us maximize our potential. It turns potential into reality. 40. What is deliberate practice according to the passage? ____________________________________________________________ 41. What is the danger of mindless repetition? ____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to the passage, we possess a remarkable ability to develop our skills, so we can achieve any success through deliberate practice. ____________________________________________________________ 43. Use an example to show how you will use deliberate practice to develop your skills? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。今年是学校英文校刊创办十周年，为了更好地迎合读者的需求，校刊决定增加一个新栏目。现向全校同学征集意见。你作为一名忠实读者，请写一封邮件给校刊主编 Jim， 内容包括： 1. 对创刊十周年表示祝贺； 2. 建议新增栏目的名称、内容和推荐理由。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $