Unit 5 Working the Land（教材考点精练）人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 以“农业”主题为载体，融合词汇语法基础与语篇应用，构建“基础夯实-综合拔高”的单元复习体系，培养语言能力与跨文化思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |小题夯基|单词填空10题、语法填空15题、完成句子5题、课文语法填空10题|聚焦单元核心词汇（如sustainable、organic）、语法（非谓语、词性转换、从句）及课文内容（袁隆平事迹）|从词汇拼写→语法应用→句子翻译→语篇填空，形成“词-句-篇”渐进逻辑，强化语言能力| |综合攻坚|阅读8题、七选五5题、完形15题|选取现代农业（农场多元化）、垂直农业等语篇，考查细节理解、推理判断及逻辑衔接|依托“农业发展”主题，整合文化意识（人类命运共同体）与思维品质（分析推断），提升语篇理解与应试能力|

Unit 5 Working the Land 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据首字母或中文，用单词的正确形式填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. In agricultural research, scientists are trying to t______ the problem of low crop yields caused by soil degradation. 2. Adding appropriate fertilizers can b______ the growth of young seedlings in the field. 3. It’s hard to c_______ some farmers to abandon old planting methods and try new technologies. 4. C__________farming often relies on chemical pesticides, which may harm the ecosystem. 5. The i_________ summer heat has slowed down the growth of some heat-sensitive crops. 6. Crop residues can be turned into compost to __________(产生)nutrient-rich soil for next season. 7. The agronomist has a ______(构想)of building a sustainable farming system in the rural area. 8. The e_________ of the irrigation system will cover more farmland and reduce water waste. 9. O_________ vegetables are grown without synthetic chemicals, making them more environmentally friendly. 10. After years of research, experts finally found the _______(根源)of the soil fertility decline in this farming region. 二、单句语法填空（共15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分） 1.Travel promotes understanding, ________ (expand) our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid ________ (grow) of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 2.I post my work on social media and, ________ turn, have met some of the kindest people. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 3.Another mistake most people make is to work out ________ (intense) almost every day. (2023·浙江高考1月) 4.Perhaps your household won’t ________ (entire) make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces ________ (make) the changes you desire. (2023·浙江高考1月) 5.According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and ________ (consume) habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. (新高考Ⅰ卷) 6.I tried to eat more ________ (nutrition) food. Also, I had to eat plenty of fibre in order to ensure my good ________ (digest). 7.In other words, we are working on the ________ (assume) that he could help work out the problem of water ________ (short). 8.Afterwards, we walked ________ (leisure) to Hoe Park. Despite the crowds, we enjoyed a peaceful walk, greatly ________ (enhance) by the iconic Smeaton’s Tower lighthouse. 9.For instance, the Zhangye Geopark in Gansu has been instrumental in aiding rural residents in overcoming ________ (poor). 10.________ (give) the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” (2024·浙江高考1月) 11.________ we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance. (2023·全国甲卷) 12.The core of your relationship is ________ you will always be there to help each other. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 13.As ________ alternative, some farmers have switched ________ organic farming, and many customers have turned ________ organic food when they shop at the local grocery. 14.For example, pesticides can damage the land by ________ (kill) not only harmful bacteria and insects, ________ also helpful ones. 15. The term “Nanfan” itself implies to the practice of transplanting summertime crops from northern latitudes to Hainan during its winter. This makes for an ________ (extend) of growing seasons. __________ (shorten) the breeding cycle by half or more, Nanfan accelerates the breeding process. 三、根据中文提示完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 1.袁隆平毕生致力于杂交水稻研究，他的奉献精神激励了数百万人投身农业发展。 Yuan Longping _______________________ hybrid rice research, and _________ inspired millions of people to work for agricultural development. 2.最令环保主义者担忧的是许多物种正面临严重的栖息地短缺。 _________________________________ was that many species were facing a severe shortage of habitat. 3.为庆祝10月16日世界粮食日,我校组织了一系列活动,以提高学生对粮食危机的认识。 In celebration of World Food Day on October 16th, our school organized a series of activities to ________________________________________.  4.学校敦促学生按量取餐,剩菜剩饭被收起来捐给当地的慈善机构。 Students were urged to take only _____________________, and leftovers were collected for donation to local charities.  5.该活动引起了广泛关注,不仅提醒我们在应对全球粮食短缺方面的责任,而且提高了我们珍惜粮食、节约粮食的意识。 The event _______________, which not only reminded us of the responsibility we bear for___________________, but also promoted our awareness of cherishing and conserving food.  四、课文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Yuan Longping, 1 (know) as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of China’s most famous agricultural scientists. Though famous, he always considered 2 (he) a farmer because he devoted his life to 3 (work) the land. What concerned him most in his youth was 4 farmers often suffered from food shortages. 5 (solve) this problem, he chose to study agriculture. He realized that 6 (increase) yields was more important than expanding fields. 7 the creation of hybrid rice, he overcame many technical difficulties. His work not only helps feed millions in China but also benefits many 8 (country) around the world. Even in his later years, Yuan remained young at heart and full of vision. His latest dream of “seawater rice” has opened up salty land for rice 9 (produce). He cared little for fame or money, and instead, he made donations 10 agricultural research. 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、阅读理解（共8小题，每小题2.5分，满分20分） A [25-26福建省福州市高二上学期期末考试] Peterley Manor Farm in the Chiltern Hills has moved a long way from conventional farming. Roger Brill, a fourth-generation farmer, and his wife, Jane, took over a rundown turkey farm in 1982 and started growing and selling fruits and vegetables. Now, their 40-acre farm features a “wild spa” with outdoor ice baths, yoga in a tent, and a café in a tractor garage. Surprisingly, their farm’s produce, including Christmas trees and apple juice, makes up less than a tenth of their income last year. “Instagram has changed everything,” according to Katy Brill, who took over the farm from her parents in 2014. Novel experiences and scenic backdrops do very well on social media platforms. Besides the spa, the farm also offers fitness camps, an outdoor cinema, and play areas for kids, all with beautiful views. They’re even planning a nature-based nursery. Branching out has become normal for modern farmers. Nearly 70% of farms in England are exploring new business. Consumer-focused services in particular are growing fast. Social-media use and a shift towards sustainability and wellness have increased the demand for farm experiences. Farm shops are selling more than before. And farms across Britain outperformed hotels as wedding venues (地点) in 2023, according to data from Hitched, a wedding-planning website. The decision to diversify may not be new: farmers have sought alternative income for decades. But the need has become more urgent. Farms have been under pressure by huge rises in energy costs and higher labor costs. Increasingly unpredictable weather, including record amounts of rainfall, has made harvests less reliable. Diversification brings new opportunities for struggling farms, but adapting to consumer demands leaves them exposed to wider economic cycles. It also requires them to find workers with new skills. In one respect, though, things are not different from old-fashioned farming. “The hospitality (服务) business is extremely difficult,” says Ms Brill.  “It’s hard work and long hours.” 1. What has Roger Brill’s farm been transformed into? A. A traditional farm selling fruits. B. A farm with diversified offerings. C. A special spa and wellness center. D. A centre providing entertainments. 2. What is the farm’s strategy under Katy Brill? A. Enlarging children’s play areas. B. Improving farm produce quality. C. Focusing on conventional farming. D. Stressing promotion by social media. 3. What does the underlined phrase “branching out” in Para 3 mean? A. Narrowing. B. Extending. C. Simplifying. D. Dividing. 4. What’s the passage mainly about? A. New-normal farm operations. B. Great pressure on farm owners. C. Demanding hospitality business. D. Old-fashioned farming modes. B [2025辽宁省沈阳市郊联体高二上期中考试] Vertical (垂直的) farming, which grows plants indoors using artificial light and AI, promises a climate-friendly way to address food insecurity without the massive land and water footprint. However, recent rising costs and worldwide skyrocketing energy prices have made these farms’ near-constant electricity demand unaffordable. Most vertical farms currently grow only greens such as lettuce and herbs because of their low water consumption and speedy development. Yet, lettuce cannot feed the world. To truly address food insecurity, vertical farms must expand their offerings, and that means finding a way to introduce pollinators (传粉昆虫), such as bees and bats, into high-tech indoor farming operations. It’s difficult to get the job done because domesticated honeybees, commonly used by commercial growers, have trouble sensing direction under artificial light, and hand pollination is extremely time-intensive and thus expensive. To solve the problem, researchers have been working on robotic pollinators, which have recently made their way into commercial operations. Polybee, a Singapore- based company founded in 2019, adapts widely available mini drones (无人机) for various types of indoor agriculture operations, including vertical farms. The company’s AI-powered software directs equipped with color camera sensors that measure key features for growers to fly near plants. Then, the drones carefully disturb the air around them to shake flowers when the conditions inside are ideal for pollination. This activity shakes the pollen (花粉) out of the flower and kicks off the process of reproduction. Recently, Polybee has tried the tomato pollination and claims to have perfected the process. They’re still working on adjusting their products to work with other types of plants, such as strawberries and blueberries. But each plant comes with its own complexities. Certain varieties may require direct contact with robots, perhaps small drones. Still, even if robotic pollinators save vertical farms from disuse, it’s unlikely that any form of indoor agriculture can fully replace the fields humans have relied on for millennia. “We need to rethink agriculture in the face of climate change and population growth, but vertical farms shouldn’t be looked at as competitive — because they’re not,” says Thomas Graham, a researcher of environment agriculture at the University of Guelph. 5. What can be inferred about vertical farms from paragraph 1? A. They are reducing reliance on energy. B. They struggle to attain the desired goal. C. They currently grow a wide variety of crops. D. They are greatly impacted by AI technologies. 6. How do Polybee’s mini drones assist indoor agriculture? A. By removing air pollutants. B. By spreading pollen via airflow. C. By detecting diseases in plants. D. By carrying pollinators like bees. 7. What is a current concern with Polybee’s drones? A. Difficulties in adjusting direction. B. Risk of damaging flowers. C. Challenges in product upgrades. D. Applicability to different plants. 8. What does Thomas Graham think of vertical farming? A. They can coexist with traditional farming. B. They are more productive than outdoor farms. C. They are losing favor with commercial growers. D. They should be prioritized due to climate change. 二、七选五（共5题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） [广东省实验中学高二上学期期末考试] Including children in the farming lifestyle has many benefits. Sure, it is nice to have the additional help with chores, but it also fosters so much growth, sending our kids down a good path towards who they will someday become. It is possible that our children will grow up to lead lives that do not include farming. 1 Through caring for farm animals, kids learn that in life others often come before self. 2 It doesn’t matter if we don’t feel like it or if we are sick and tired. What matters is that we take care of the animals that take care of us and do so in a timely manner. 3 If the work on a farm does not get done, the operation fails. It takes discipline and commitment to get down to business every day, and seeing this in action will give kids a good work attitude. They will know and understand that nothing good comes easy and that they have to work to survive. 4 Functioning as part of a productive team will surely be playing a crucial role sooner or later in all walks of life. Additionally, farming teaches patience. 5 It’s especially true for the animals. Cattle will be difficult to control. Horses will run away when you try to catch them. Goats will kick over that bucket of hard-earned milk. A rooster will decide you got too close to his hens and give you a run for your money. In spite of all that, kids will learn to be patient and take things easy. There may not be any instant reward, but in the long-term kids will see the benefit of all their efforts during those hard days. A. Fairly often, things do not go your way. B. Kids also learn to be grateful to animals. C. In the meantime, they learn to work with others. D. Teamwork is no longer a significant skill to develop and use. E. Animals need to be fed and cared for before we get to sit down and relax. F. Kids are also able to comprehend the value of hard work through farm life. G. What they learn on a farm, however, can be instrumental in their future lives. 三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （深圳调研）I once worked in the remote but beautiful countryside. All farm work can, in my experience, 1 a person to develop a Spartan (斯巴达式的) spirit. From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of 2 along with my parents and two elder brothers. On the hottest summer days when the air 3 flowed, I knelt in a paddy field (稻田) with my knees deep in mud. The bugs and worms in the water 4 into my skin, and the sun burned upon my 5 back. Sweat streamed down; if a drop ran into the eyes, it would 6 tears. So I always kept my face as low as possible. I told myself, “Be 7 !” If my parents and brothers could go on taking it, so could I. 8 I pulled myself together and dragged myself forward. I learned not to be afraid of difficulties and the meaning of “you reap (收获) what you 9 ”. “Judge a man not by his face, but by his 10 ,” my mother used to say. The land is 11 , as long as you are willing to work on it. When the wind blew and the rice plants moved like 12 in the sea, breathtakingly beautiful, a deep sense of satisfaction 13 in me. Although later I went into academic research, I shall always remember what working in the paddy fields taught me: 14 your feet firmly on the ground, never give up and you will be 15 . 1. A. remind B. warn C. require D. train 2. A. wealth B. luck C. labour D. wisdom 3. A. gently B. hardly C. heavily D. usually 4. A. climbed B. bit C. cut D. fell 5. A. arched B. broad C. strong D.straightened 6. A. hold B. produce C. drop D. replace 7. A. quick B. proud C. quiet D. patient 8. A. Slowly B. Slightly C. Safely D. Sadly 9. A. pick B. find C. sow D. wish 10. A. fields B. books C. neighbours D. clothes 11. A. affordable B. acceptable C. dependable D. livable 12. A. boats B. weeds C. fishes D. waves 13. A. welled up B. broke up C. cooled off D. held off 14. A. drag B. kick C. plant D. lift 15. A. promoted B. educated C. comforted D. rewarded 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Working the Land 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 参考答案 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据首字母或中文，用单词的正确形式填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. tackle 2. boost 3. convince 4. conventional 5. intense 6. generate 7. vision 8. extension 9. Organic 10. root 二、单句语法填空（共15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分） 1.expands; growth 2.in 3.intensely 4.entirely; to make 5.consumption 6.nutritious; digestion 7.assumption; shortage 8.leisurely; enhanced 9.poverty 10.Given 11.What 12.that 13. an; to 14.killing;but 15.extension; Shortening 三、根据中文提示完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 1.devoted his lifelong energy to;his devotion 2.What concerned environmentalists most 3.arouse the students’ awareness of food crisis 4.what they could consume 5.generated widespread attention; tackling global food security 四、课文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. known 2. himself 3. working 4. that 5. To solve 6. increasing 7. Through 8. countries 9. production 10. to 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、阅读理解（共8小题，每小题2.5分，满分20分） 1-4BDBA 5-8BBDA 二、七选五（共5题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 1-5GEFCA 三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1-5 DCBBA 6-10 BDACA 11-15 CDACD 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Working the Land 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：90分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据首字母或中文，用单词的正确形式填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. In agricultural research, scientists are trying to t______ the problem of low crop yields caused by soil degradation. 【答案】 tackle 2. Adding appropriate fertilizers can b______ the growth of young seedlings in the field. 【答案】 boost 3. It’s hard to c_______ some farmers to abandon old planting methods and try new technologies. 【答案】 convince 4. C__________farming often relies on chemical pesticides, which may harm the ecosystem. 【答案】 conventional 5. The i_________ summer heat has slowed down the growth of some heat-sensitive crops. 【答案】 intense 6. Crop residues can be turned into compost to __________(产生)nutrient-rich soil for next season. 【答案】 generate 7. The agronomist has a ______(构想)of building a sustainable farming system in the rural area. 【答案】 vision 8. The e_________ of the irrigation system will cover more farmland and reduce water waste. 【答案】 extension 9. O_________ vegetables are grown without synthetic chemicals, making them more environmentally friendly. 【答案】 Organic 10. After years of research, experts finally found the _______(根源)of the soil fertility decline in this farming region. 【答案】 root 二、单句语法填空（共15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分） 1.Travel promotes understanding, ________ (expand) our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid ________ (grow) of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 【答案】expands; growth 句意：旅行促进理解、拓展思维、塑造更完善的人格，还能带动地方经济与社区发展，但旅游业的快速增长在部分地区和旅游目的地造成了过度旅游现象。 考点：第一空考查并列谓语。句子主语 Travel，与 promotes，makes，boosts 并列作谓语，主语为单数，一般现在时，故填 expands；第二空考查词性转换，形容词 rapid 后需要接名词，grow 的名词形式 growth。 2.I post my work on social media and, ________ turn, have met some of the kindest people. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 【答案】in句意：我把我的作品发布在社交媒体上，反过来也结识了一些非常善良的人。 考点：考查固定介词短语。in turn 为固定搭配，含义 “反过来、相应地”，在句中作插入状语，故填介词 in。 3.Another mistake most people make is to work out ________ (intense) almost every day. (2023·浙江高考1月) 【答案】intensely 句意：大多数人犯的另一个错误就是几乎每天都高强度锻炼。 考点：考查词性转换‑副词。空格修饰动词短语 work out，副词修饰动词，intense 是形容词，变为副词 intensely。 4.Perhaps your household won’t ________ (entire) make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces ________ (make) the changes you desire. (2023·浙江高考1月) 【答案】entirely; to make 句意：也许你的家庭不会完全完成这种转变，但你可以掌控自己的私人空间，来实现你想要做出的改变。 考点：第一空词性转换‑副词，修饰动词 make，形容词 entire 变为副词 entirely；第二空非谓语动词，不定式 to make 作目的状语，说明掌控私人空间的目的。 5.According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and ________ (consume) habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. (新高考Ⅰ卷) 【答案】consumption 句意：《消费者研究期刊》最近的一项研究表明，一同就餐者的体型以及消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。 考点：考查词性转换‑名词。and 连接并列成分，和名词 size 并列，共同作句子主语，consume 动词转换为名词 consumption。 6.I tried to eat more ________ (nutrition) food. Also, I had to eat plenty of fibre in order to ensure my good ________ (digest). 【答案】nutritious; digestion 句意：我尽量吃更多有营养的食物。同时，我要摄入大量膳食纤维，保证良好消化。 考点：第一空词性转换‑形容词，修饰名词 food，nutrition 名词变为形容词 nutritious；第二空词性转换‑名词，形容词 good 后接名词，digest 动词变为名词 digestion。 7.In other words, we are working on the ________ (assume) that he could help work out the problem of water ________ (short). 【答案】assumption; shortage 句意：换句话说，我们的设想是他能够帮忙解决水资源短缺问题。 考点：第一空词性转换‑名词，定冠词 the 后接名词，固定搭配 on the assumption that…“假定……”，assume 动词变 assumption 名词；第二空词性转换‑名词，water 作定语修饰后面名词，short 形容词变为名词 shortage。 8.Afterwards, we walked ________ (leisure) to Hoe Park. Despite the crowds, we enjoyed a peaceful walk, greatly ________ (enhance) by the iconic Smeaton’s Tower lighthouse. 【答案】leisurely; enhanced 句意：之后，我们悠闲地走到霍伊公园。尽管游人众多，我们享受了宁静的散步，标志性的斯米顿塔灯塔更是为这份惬意增色不少。 考点：第一空词性转换‑副词，修饰动词 walked，leisure 名词变副词 leisurely；第二空非谓语过去分词作伴随状语，walk 与 enhance 之间为逻辑被动关系，故用 enhanced。 9.For instance, the Zhangye Geopark in Gansu has been instrumental in aiding rural residents in overcoming ________ (poor). 【答案】poverty 句意：例如，甘肃张掖地质公园在帮助农村居民摆脱贫困方面起到重要作用。 考点：词性转换‑名词。动词 overcome 后面接名词作宾语，poor 形容词转换名词 poverty。 10.________ (give) the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” (2024·浙江高考1月) 【答案】Given 句意：鉴于尚存诸多疑点，斯廷万德先生建议：“停止人工增雨才是明智之举。” 考点：考查介词 Given。given 此处用作介词，意为 “鉴于、考虑到”，后接名词短语，置于句首作状语，不表被动。 11.________ we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance. (2023·全国甲卷) 【答案】What 句意：我们发现仅仅凭外观去评判食物好坏是不明智的。 考点：主语从句引导词。从句位于主句谓语 is 之前为主语从句；从句 discovered 缺少宾语，指代事物，用 what 引导。 12.The core of your relationship is ________ you will always be there to help each other. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 【答案】that 句意：你们这段关系的核心就是你们总会在那里互相扶持。 考点：表语从句引导词。放在系动词 is 之后为表语从句；从句语义完整，不缺成分，用 that 引导，that 只起连接作用，不可省略。 13.As ________ alternative, some farmers have switched ________ organic farming, and many customers have turned ________ organic food when they shop at the local grocery. 【答案】an; to; to 句意：作为替代，一些农民转向有机耕作；很多顾客在当地杂货店购物时，会转而选购有机食品。 考点：冠词与动词固定短语。alternative 元音音素开头，as an alternative 固定搭配；switch to “转向”；turn to “转而选择”，均为固定介词搭配。 14.For example, pesticides can damage the land by ________ (kill) not only harmful bacteria and insects, ________ also helpful ones. 【答案】killing; but 句意：举例来说，杀虫剂会破坏土地，它不仅杀死有害细菌和昆虫，也会杀死有益的生物。 考点：非谓语动名词；并列固定结构。介词 by 后面接动名词，kill 变为 killing；not only…but also… 固定结构，意为 “不仅…… 而且……”。 15. The term “Nanfan” itself implies to the practice of transplanting summertime crops from northern latitudes to Hainan during its winter. This makes for an ________ (extend) of growing seasons. __________ (shorten) the breeding cycle by half or more, Nanfan accelerates the breeding process. 【答案】extension; Shortening 句意：“南繁” 这个术语本身指夏季作物从北方纬度地区移栽到海南越冬种植的做法。这实现了生长季节的延长。南繁将育种周期缩短一半甚至更多，从而加快育种进程。 考点：第一空词性转换名词，不定冠词 an 后接名词，extend 动词变为 extension 名词；第二空非谓语现在分词作状语，逻辑主语 Nanfan 和 shorten 是主动关系，故填 Shortening。 三、根据中文提示完成句子（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1.袁隆平毕生致力于杂交水稻研究，他的奉献精神激励了数百万人投身农业发展。 Yuan Longping _______________________ hybrid rice research, and _________ inspired millions of people to work for agricultural development. 【答案】devoted his lifelong energy to;his devotion 2.最令环保主义者担忧的是许多物种正面临严重的栖息地短缺。 _________________________________ was that many species were facing a severe shortage of habitat. 【答案】What concerned environmentalists most 3.为庆祝10月16日世界粮食日,我校组织了一系列活动,以提高学生对粮食危机的认识。 In celebration of World Food Day on October 16th, our school organized a series of activities to ________________________________________.  【答案】arouse the students’ awareness of food crisis 4.学校敦促学生按量取餐,剩菜剩饭被收起来捐给当地的慈善机构。 Students were urged to take only _____________________, and leftovers were collected for donation to local charities.  【答案】what they could consume 5.该活动引起了广泛关注,不仅提醒我们在应对全球粮食短缺方面的责任,而且提高了我们珍惜粮食、节约粮食的意识。 The event _______________, which not only reminded us of the responsibility we bear for___________________, but also promoted our awareness of cherishing and conserving food.  【答案】generated widespread attention; tackling global food security 四、课文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Yuan Longping, 1 (know) as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of China’s most famous agricultural scientists. Though famous, he always considered 2 (he) a farmer because he devoted his life to 3 (work) the land. What concerned him most in his youth was 4 farmers often suffered from food shortages. 5 (solve) this problem, he chose to study agriculture. He realized that 6 (increase) yields was more important than expanding fields. 7 the creation of hybrid rice, he overcame many technical difficulties. His work not only helps feed millions in China but also benefits many 8 (country) around the world. Even in his later years, Yuan remained young at heart and full of vision. His latest dream of “seawater rice” has opened up salty land for rice 9 (produce). He cared little for fame or money, and instead, he made donations 10 agricultural research. 【答案】 1.known 句意：被誉为 “杂交水稻之父” 的袁隆平，是中国最著名的农业科学家之一。 考点：非谓语动词。be known as“作为…… 而出名”，此处作后置定语，省略 be 动词，用过去分词 known 表被动。 2.himself 句意：虽然声名远扬，但他总把自己看作农民，因为他毕生致力于土地劳作。 考点：反身代词。句子主语是 he，动作指向主语本身，consider oneself…“把自己看作……”，故填反身代词 himself。 3.working 句意：虽然声名远扬，但他总把自己看作农民，因为他毕生致力于土地劳作。 考点：非谓语动名词。固定搭配 devote one’s life to doing sth.“毕生致力于做某事”，to 是介词，后面接动名词，故填 working。 4. that 句意：青年时期最令他担忧的事情是农民常常遭受粮食短缺之苦。 考点：表语从句。从句是一个完整的句子，用that引导。 5.To solve 句意：为了解决这个问题，他选择学习农业。 考点：非谓语不定式作目的状语。此处表示动作的目的 “为了解决”，放句首用不定式 To solve。 6.increasing 句意：他意识到提高产量比扩大耕地更为重要。 考点：非谓语动名词作主语。宾语从句中________ yields 作从句主语，动词不能直接作主语，要变为动名词 increasing。 7.Through 句意：通过培育杂交水稻，他克服了诸多技术难题。 考点：介词。through 意为 “通过（某种方式）”，后接名词短语 the creation of hybrid rice，在句中作方式状语。 8.countries 句意：他的研究不仅养活了数百万中国人，也惠及世界上许多国家。 考点：名词复数。many “许多” 后面接可数名词复数，country 复数形式 countries。 9.production 句意：他 “海水稻” 的最新梦想，为水稻生产开发利用盐碱地。 考点：词性转换名词。介词 for 后接名词，produce 动词转换为名词 production，rice production “水稻生产”。 10.to 句意：他淡泊名利，相反，他捐款用来支持农业研究。 考点：不定式作目的状语。make donations to do sth.“给……捐款”。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、阅读理解（共8小题，每小题2.5分，满分20分） A [25-26福建省福州市高二上学期期末考试] Peterley Manor Farm in the Chiltern Hills has moved a long way from conventional farming. Roger Brill, a fourth-generation farmer, and his wife, Jane, took over a rundown turkey farm in 1982 and started growing and selling fruits and vegetables. Now, their 40-acre farm features a “wild spa” with outdoor ice baths, yoga in a tent, and a café in a tractor garage. Surprisingly, their farm’s produce, including Christmas trees and apple juice, makes up less than a tenth of their income last year. “Instagram has changed everything,” according to Katy Brill, who took over the farm from her parents in 2014. Novel experiences and scenic backdrops do very well on social media platforms. Besides the spa, the farm also offers fitness camps, an outdoor cinema, and play areas for kids, all with beautiful views. They’re even planning a nature-based nursery. Branching out has become normal for modern farmers. Nearly 70% of farms in England are exploring new business. Consumer-focused services in particular are growing fast. Social-media use and a shift towards sustainability and wellness have increased the demand for farm experiences. Farm shops are selling more than before. And farms across Britain outperformed hotels as wedding venues (地点) in 2023, according to data from Hitched, a wedding-planning website. The decision to diversify may not be new: farmers have sought alternative income for decades. But the need has become more urgent. Farms have been under pressure by huge rises in energy costs and higher labor costs. Increasingly unpredictable weather, including record amounts of rainfall, has made harvests less reliable. Diversification brings new opportunities for struggling farms, but adapting to consumer demands leaves them exposed to wider economic cycles. It also requires them to find workers with new skills. In one respect, though, things are not different from old-fashioned farming. “The hospitality (服务) business is extremely difficult,” says Ms Brill.  “It’s hard work and long hours.” 1. What has Roger Brill’s farm been transformed into? A. A traditional farm selling fruits. B. A farm with diversified offerings. C. A special spa and wellness center. D. A centre providing entertainments. 2. What is the farm’s strategy under Katy Brill? A. Enlarging children’s play areas. B. Improving farm produce quality. C. Focusing on conventional farming. D. Stressing promotion by social media. 3. What does the underlined phrase “branching out” in Para 3 mean? A. Narrowing. B. Extending. C. Simplifying. D. Dividing. 4. What’s the passage mainly about? A. New-normal farm operations. B. Great pressure on farm owners. C. Demanding hospitality business. D. Old-fashioned farming modes. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境聚焦“人与社会”，主要介绍了英国 Peterley Manor Farm 从传统农业向多元化体验式农场的转型，并以此为案例，展现了当代农场为应对经济压力、顺应消费趋势而采取的创新经营模式。 1. 考查事实细节理解。 根据第一段内容可知，Roger Brill 的农场最初是火鸡养殖场，后发展为种植和销售果蔬，如今则提供了包括“野外水疗”、瑜伽、咖啡馆、健身营、露天影院、儿童游乐区等多样化的服务，农产品收入已不足总收入的十分之一。因此，该农场已转型为一个提供多元化服务（diversified offerings）的农场，而非单纯的传统农场、水疗中心或娱乐中心。故选B。 2. 考查事实细节与推理判断。 根据第二段首句“Instagram has changed everything”以及后文“Novel experiences and scenic backdrops do very well on social media platforms.”可知，Katy Brill 接管农场后，高度重视通过社交媒体进行宣传推广，并利用新奇体验和优美景观吸引顾客。文中并未提及扩大儿童游乐区、提升农产品质量或回归传统农业。故选D。 3. 考查词义猜测。 划线短语“branching out”位于第三段开头，后文紧接着说明“Nearly 70% of farms in England are exploring new business.”，并列举了农场拓展的各类消费服务，如农场商店销售增长、农场成为婚礼场地等。因此，“branching out”在此语境中应表示扩展业务、多元化经营。故选B。 4. 考查主旨大意。全文以 Peterley Manor Farm 为例，介绍了当代农场为应对成本上涨、天气不确定性等压力，通过提供多样化体验服务（如水疗、瑜伽、婚礼场地等）来拓展收入来源的现象，并指出这已成为英国农场的普遍趋势。因此，文章主要围绕农场运营的新常态（New-normal farm operations）展开。故选A。 B [25-26辽宁省沈阳市郊联体高二上期中考试] Vertical (垂直的) farming, which grows plants indoors using artificial light and AI, promises a climate-friendly way to address food insecurity without the massive land and water footprint. However, recent rising costs and worldwide skyrocketing energy prices have made these farms’ near-constant electricity demand unaffordable. Most vertical farms currently grow only greens such as lettuce and herbs because of their low water consumption and speedy development. Yet, lettuce cannot feed the world. To truly address food insecurity, vertical farms must expand their offerings, and that means finding a way to introduce pollinators (传粉昆虫), such as bees and bats, into high-tech indoor farming operations. It’s difficult to get the job done because domesticated honeybees, commonly used by commercial growers, have trouble sensing direction under artificial light, and hand pollination is extremely time-intensive and thus expensive. To solve the problem, researchers have been working on robotic pollinators, which have recently made their way into commercial operations. Polybee, a Singapore- based company founded in 2019, adapts widely available mini drones (无人机) for various types of indoor agriculture operations, including vertical farms. The company’s AI-powered software directs equipped with color camera sensors that measure key features for growers to fly near plants. Then, the drones carefully disturb the air around them to shake flowers when the conditions inside are ideal for pollination. This activity shakes the pollen (花粉) out of the flower and kicks off the process of reproduction. Recently, Polybee has tried the tomato pollination and claims to have perfected the process. They’re still working on adjusting their products to work with other types of plants, such as strawberries and blueberries. But each plant comes with its own complexities. Certain varieties may require direct contact with robots, perhaps small drones. Still, even if robotic pollinators save vertical farms from disuse, it’s unlikely that any form of indoor agriculture can fully replace the fields humans have relied on for millennia. “We need to rethink agriculture in the face of climate change and population growth, but vertical farms shouldn’t be looked at as competitive — because they’re not,” says Thomas Graham, a researcher of environment agriculture at the University of Guelph. 5. What can be inferred about vertical farms from paragraph 1? A. They are reducing reliance on energy. B. They struggle to attain the desired goal. C. They currently grow a wide variety of crops. D. They are greatly impacted by AI technologies. 6. How do Polybee’s mini drones assist indoor agriculture? A. By removing air pollutants. B. By spreading pollen via airflow. C. By detecting diseases in plants. D. By carrying pollinators like bees. 7. What is a current concern with Polybee’s drones? A. Difficulties in adjusting direction. B. Risk of damaging flowers. C. Challenges in product upgrades. D. Applicability to different plants. 8. What does Thomas Graham think of vertical farming? A. They can coexist with traditional farming. B. They are more productive than outdoor farms. C. They are losing favor with commercial growers. D. They should be prioritized due to climate change. 【答案】5. B 6.B 7.D 8.A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境聚焦“人与社会”中的科技与农业发展。文章介绍了垂直农业在应对粮食安全方面面临的挑战（如高能耗、作物单一、授粉困难），阐述了一家公司利用无人机授粉的创新解决方案及其当前局限，最后指出垂直农业应与传统农业互补共存。 5. 考查推理判断。根据第一段内容，垂直农业的初衷是“以气候友好的方式解决粮食安全问题”，但现实情况是“持续的高昂电力需求使其难以负担”，并且“目前只能种植生菜和香草等绿叶蔬菜”，而“生菜无法养活世界”。由此可以推断，垂直农业在实际运作中难以达到其预期的宏大目标。故选B。 6. 考查事实细节。根据第三段对Polybee公司无人机工作方式的描述：“The drones carefully disturb the air around them to shake flowers... This activity shakes the pollen out of the flower...” 可知，无人机是通过扰动花朵周围的空气来震动花朵，从而使花粉散出，即通过气流（airflow）来传播花粉。故选B。 7.考查事实细节。根据第四段内容：“Polybee has tried the tomato pollination and claims to have perfected the process. They’re still working on adjusting their products to work with other types of plants, such as strawberries and blueberries. But each plant comes with its own complexities.” 明确说明当前的一个关注点或挑战是将产品调整以适应不同类型的植物。故选D。 8. 考查观点态度。根据最后一段Thomas Graham的话：“vertical farms shouldn't be looked at as competitive— because they’re not.” 他指出垂直农业不应被视为（与传统农业）竞争关系。由此可以推断，他认为垂直农业可以与传统农业共存（coexist），而非取代。故选A。 二、七选五（共5题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） [广东省实验中学高二上学期期末考试] Including children in the farming lifestyle has many benefits. Sure, it is nice to have the additional help with chores, but it also fosters so much growth, sending our kids down a good path towards who they will someday become. It is possible that our children will grow up to lead lives that do not include farming. 1 Through caring for farm animals, kids learn that in life others often come before self. 2 It doesn’t matter if we don’t feel like it or if we are sick and tired. What matters is that we take care of the animals that take care of us and do so in a timely manner. 3 If the work on a farm does not get done, the operation fails. It takes discipline and commitment to get down to business every day, and seeing this in action will give kids a good work attitude. They will know and understand that nothing good comes easy and that they have to work to survive. 4 Functioning as part of a productive team will surely be playing a crucial role sooner or later in all walks of life. Additionally, farming teaches patience. 5 It’s especially true for the animals. Cattle will be difficult to control. Horses will run away when you try to catch them. Goats will kick over that bucket of hard-earned milk. A rooster will decide you got too close to his hens and give you a run for your money. In spite of all that, kids will learn to be patient and take things easy. There may not be any instant reward, but in the long-term kids will see the benefit of all their efforts during those hard days. A. Fairly often, things do not go your way. B. Kids also learn to be grateful to animals. C. In the meantime, they learn to work with others. D. Teamwork is no longer a significant skill to develop and use. E. Animals need to be fed and cared for before we get to sit down and relax. F. Kids are also able to comprehend the value of hard work through farm life. G. What they learn on a farm, however, can be instrumental in their future lives. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．F 4．C 5．A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主题属于“人与社会”范畴，主要探讨了让孩子参与农场生活的多重益处。文章从责任感、纪律性、团队合作、耐心培养等方面展开论述，说明了农场经历对孩子未来成长的积极影响。 1. G 本题考查段落总结与过渡。 首段最后一句提到“孩子长大后可能不从事农业”，G项“然而，他们在农场学到的东西可能对未来生活有帮助”与此形成转折，既承接前文，又引出下文即将阐述的具体益处，起到承上启下的作用。 2. E 本题考查上下文逻辑衔接。 第二段首句指出“通过照顾动物，孩子学会把他人的需求放在自己之前”，E项“动物需要先被喂养和照顾，然后我们才能坐下来休息”具体说明了这一原则，与后文“不管我们是否愿意或是否疲惫”形成呼应，逻辑紧密。 3. F 本题考查段落主旨概括。 第三段主要讲述农场工作不能拖延，需要纪律和坚持，并由此培养孩子的工作态度。F项“孩子也能通过农场生活理解努力工作的价值”概括了本段核心，且与后文“没有什么是容易得来的”直接对应。 4. C 本题考查段落内部逻辑衔接。 第四段末尾提到“作为高效团队的一部分迟早会在各行各业中起关键作用”，C项“与此同时，他们学会与他人合作”正好承接前文“团队合作”的主题，且“in the meantime”与上下文形成顺接关系。 5. A 本题考查例证与总结的衔接。 第五段主要讲农场生活如何教会孩子耐心，并列举了动物不配合的各种情形。A项“很多时候，事情不会按你的意愿发展”是对这些情形的概括性表述，与后文具体例子自然衔接，引出“孩子学会耐心对待”的结论。 三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （深圳调研）I once worked in the remote but beautiful countryside. All farm work can, in my experience, 1 a person to develop a Spartan (斯巴达式的) spirit. From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of 2 along with my parents and two elder brothers. On the hottest summer days when the air 3 flowed, I knelt in a paddy field (稻田) with my knees deep in mud. The bugs and worms in the water 4 into my skin, and the sun burned upon my 5 back. Sweat streamed down; if a drop ran into the eyes, it would 6 tears. So I always kept my face as low as possible. I told myself, “Be 7 !” If my parents and brothers could go on taking it, so could I. 8 I pulled myself together and dragged myself forward. I learned not to be afraid of difficulties and the meaning of “you reap (收获) what you 9 ”. “Judge a man not by his face, but by his 10 ,” my mother used to say. The land is 11 , as long as you are willing to work on it. When the wind blew and the rice plants moved like 12 in the sea, breathtakingly beautiful, a deep sense of satisfaction 13 in me. Although later I went into academic research, I shall always remember what working in the paddy fields taught me: 14 your feet firmly on the ground, never give up and you will be 15 . 1. A. remind B. warn C. require D. train 2. A. wealth B. luck C. labour D. wisdom 3. A. gently B. hardly C. heavily D. usually 4. A. climbed B. bit C. cut D. fell 5. A. arched B. broad C. strong D.straightened 6. A. hold B. produce C. drop D. replace 7. A. quick B. proud C. quiet D. patient 8. A. Slowly B. Slightly C. Safely D. Sadly 9. A. pick B. find C. sow D. wish 10. A. fields B. books C. neighbours D. clothes 11. A. affordable B. acceptable C. dependable D. livable 12. A. boats B. weeds C. fishes D. waves 13. A. welled up B. broke up C. cooled off D. held off 14. A. drag B. kick C. plant D. lift 15. A. promoted B. educated C. comforted D. rewarded 【答案】1-5 DCBBA 6-10 BDACA 11-15 CDACD 【语篇导语】这篇文章讲述作者回忆自己在农村稻田劳作的经历，阐述了这段经历培养了自己的坚韧精神，让自己懂得了脚踏实地、不放弃就会有收获的道理。 1. D 考查动词在语境中的运用。句意：以我的经验，所有的农活都能培养一个人形成斯巴达式的精神。A. remind提醒；B. warn警告；C. require要求；D. train培养，训练。根据下文的“develop a Spartan (斯巴达式的) spirit”可知，农活能起到培养精神的作用，train符合语境。故选D。 2. C 考查名词词义辨析的能力。句意：从八岁起，我就得和父母以及两个哥哥一起分担劳动。A. wealth财富；B. luck运气；C. labour劳动；D. wisdom智慧。第一段“I once worked in the remote but beautiful countryside. All farm work can, in my experience, 　11　a person to develop a Spartan (斯巴达式的) spirit.”以及下文“I knelt in a paddy field (稻田) with my knees deep in mud.”提到在农村干农活，这里说分担的应该是劳动，C选项符合文意。故选C。 3. B 考查副词在语境中的运用。句意：在最热的夏天，空气几乎不流动的时候，我跪在稻田里，膝盖深陷在泥里。A. gently温柔地；B. hardly几乎不；C. heavily沉重地；D. usually通常。上文的“hottest summer days”说明天气炎热，几乎没有风，空气应该是几乎不流动， 符合炎热天气的特点。故选B。 4. B 考查动词词义辨析的能力。句意：水里的虫子咬进我的皮肤，太阳炙烤着我弓着的后背。A. climbed爬；B. bit咬；C. cut割；D. fell落下。“bugs and worms”通常是咬人的皮肤，B选项符合虫子的行为。故选B。 5. A 考查形容词词义辨析的能力。句意：水里的虫子咬进我的皮肤，太阳炙烤着我弓着的后背。A. arched拱形的，弧形的；B. broad宽阔的；C. strong强壮的；D. straightened伸直的。根据上文的“I knelt in a paddy field (稻田) with my knees deep in mud.”可知，在稻田劳作时，人通常是弓着背的，此处指成拱形的后背，A选项符合劳作时的姿势。故选A。 6. B 考查动词在语境中的运用。句意：汗水流下来；如果一滴汗流进眼睛里，就会流泪。A. hold持有；B. produce产生；C. drop掉下，使落下；D. replace代替。根据上文的“Sweat streamed down; if a drop ran into the eyes”可知，汗水流进眼睛会刺激眼睛产生眼泪，“produce”有“产生”的意思，符合语境。故选B。 7. D 考查形容词在语境中的运用。句意：我告诉自己：“要有耐心！”A. quick快速的；B. proud骄傲的；C. quiet安静的；D. patient耐心的。根据下文的“If my parents and brothers could go on taking it, so could I.”可知，在艰苦的劳作环境中，作者需要鼓励自己有耐心坚持下去。故选D。 8. A 考查在语境中进行副词词义辨析的能力。句意：慢慢地，我振作起来，拖着自己向前走。A. Slowly慢慢地；B. Slightly轻微地；C. Safely安全地；D. Sadly悲伤地。根据下文的“I pulled myself together and dragged myself forward”可知，作者在自我鼓励后，逐渐振作起来，“Slowly”能体现这个过程，A选项符合语境。故选A。 9. C 考查动词在语境中的运用。句意：我学会了不要害怕困难，也懂得了“一分耕耘，一分收获”的含义。A. pick采摘；B. find找到；C. sow播种；D. wish希望。根据空前“you reap what you”结合作者干农活，可知此处想强调“一分耕耘，一分收获”，sow“播种”对应 reap“收获”，“you reap (收获) what you sow”是固定表达。故选C。 10. A考查名词在语境中的运用。句意：“不要以貌取人，而要以他的田地来评判他。”我母亲过去常说。A. fields田地；B. books书籍；C. neighbours邻居；D. clothes衣服。根据后文“The land is”结合前文在农村干农活的内容，这里说通过田地来评判一个人，A选项符合农村的情境。故选A。 11. C 考查形容词词义辨析的能力。句意：土地是可靠的，只要你愿意在上面劳作。A. affordable负担得起的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. dependable可靠的；D. livable宜居的。根据上文根据上文“you reap what you”以及下文的“as long as you are willing to work on it”可知，只要在土地上劳作就会有收获，说明土地是可靠的，C选项符合对土地的描述。故选C。 12. D考查名词在语境中的运用。句意：当微风吹过，稻苗像海浪一样在海里摇曳，美得令人惊叹，一种深深的满足感在我心中涌起。A. boats船；B. weeds杂草；C. fishes鱼；D. waves波浪。根据上文“When the wind blew”以及空后“in the sea”可知，此处指风吹动的稻田就像海浪一样。故选D。 13. A 考查动词短语辨析的能力。句意：当微风吹过，稻苗像海浪一样在海里摇曳，美得令人惊叹，一种深深的满足感在我心中涌起。A. welled up涌起；B. broke up分手，破裂；C. cooled off冷却，镇静下来；D. held off推迟。根据上文“a deep sense of satisfaction”此处指看到风吹稻田呈现的美景心中涌起满足感，故选A。 14. C 考查动词在语境中的运用。句意：虽然后来我从事学术研究，但我将永远记住在稻田劳作教给我的道理：脚踏实地，永不放弃，你就会得到回报。A. drag拖；B. kick踢；C. plant放置，扎根，（使思想、信念等）植根于；D. lift举起。根据上文“ what working in the paddy fields”以及“I knelt in a paddy field (稻田) with my knees deep in mud”可知，此处指从事学术研究和种植水稻一样，要脚踏实地，不辞辛劳；“plant your feet firmly on the ground”表示“脚踏实地”符合语境。故选C。 15. D 考查动词在语境中的运用。句意：虽然后来我从事学术研究，但我将永远记住在稻田劳作教给我的道理：脚踏实地，永不放弃，你就会得到回报。A. promoted提升；B. educated教育；C. comforted安慰；D. rewarded回报。根据前文的“you reap (收获) what you sow”可知，脚踏实地、不放弃就会有收获，也就是会得到回报。故选D。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $