Unit 3 Make it happen（复习讲义）英语新教材外研版八年级上册

该初中英语复习讲义以“Make it happen”主题为核心，通过表格系统梳理复习要点与重难点，用分类框架呈现13个核心知识点，涵盖单词、短语、句型，每个知识点均包含固定搭配、例句及易混词辨析，语法部分分层讲解动词不定式与动名词作宾语用法，清晰呈现知识内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“情境化分层练习”设计，如完形填空以中学生发明APP为情境，任务型阅读围绕“鱼门铃”展开，培养语言能力与思维品质。语法部分提供“喜欢练习完成，避免坚持介意”等记忆口诀及“表将来用to do，表习惯用doing”判断技巧，基础学生可掌握方法，优秀学生能深入辨析，助力教师实施精准教学与学生自主复习。

Unit 3 Make it happen（复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕“Make it happen”主题，复习好奇心、奇思妙想、动手实践、直面失败、坚持追梦的文本内容，理解故事传递的保持好奇、勇于尝试、踏实行动方能实现想法的精神内涵。 2、重点掌握发明创造、探索求知、个人品质、做事历程类词汇与短语。 3、能够区分动词后接to‑do不定式与‑ing动名词作宾语的不同用法，识记高频动词对应的固定搭配。 4、能围绕“好奇心有什么力量、遇到难题怎样坚持、如何把小想法变成现实”开展口头问答与书面表达，提升叙事能力与感悟表达能力。 复习重难点 重点：不定式to‑do与动名词‑ing作宾语的用法辨析；探索、实践、追梦主题的核心句型。 难点：易混动词后to‑do / doing搭配的准确选用；写作中结合具体事例完整讲述经历，自然表达个人收获与感悟。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1 What do you know about the differences between the lives of ancient people and ours? 关于古代人的生活和我们的生活之间的差异，你知道些什么 between为介词，一般用于两者之间；among为介词，用于三者及三者以上之间。 【固定搭配】 ① between A and B 在A与B之间 ② among + 复数名词/代词 在……当中 【例句】 1. There is a river between the two villages. 两个村子之间有一条河。 2. She found her keys among those books. 她在那一堆书当中找到了钥匙。 【易混淆辨析】 ► between：两者之间 ► among：三者或三者以上之间 知识点2 How have they changed our lives?它们是如何改变我们的生活的？ change为动词，意为“改变；变化”；one’s需要换用形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her等)。 【固定搭配】 ① change one’s life 改变某人的生活 ② daily life 日常生活 ③ the rest of one’s life 余生 ④ for life 终身 【例句】 1. This great invention changed his life. 这项伟大的发明改变了他的人生。 2. Good habits can change our life. 好习惯可以改变我们的生活。 【易混淆辨析】 ► change sth. 改变某物 ► change one’s life 改变人生（固定表达，不可随意替换物主代词） 知识点3 Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000.她的假肢只是一个简单的钩子，但却花了8万美元。 三个词都表示“花费”，但主语和花费对象不一样：cost主语一般是物，花钱；pay主语一般是人，付钱；take多用it作形式主语，花时间。 【固定搭配】 ① sth cost(s) (sb) + 钱 某物花（某人）多少钱 ② pay for sth 为某物付钱 ③ It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时 【例句】 1. The new bike cost me 500 yuan. 这辆新自行车花了我500元。 2. I pay ten yuan for the notebook. 我花十元买这个笔记本。 3. It takes me 20 minutes to walk to school. 走路去上学花费我20分钟。 【易混淆辨析】 ► cost：物作主语 → 花钱 ► pay：人作主语 → 付钱，搭配for ► take：it作形式主语 → 花时间 知识点4 I must lend a hand to people like her.我必须帮助像她这样的人。 lend是动词，过去式、过去分词均为lent；两层常用含义：①借出；②给予、提供帮助、支持。 【固定搭配】 ① lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 ② lend a hand 帮助；搭把手 ③ lend support to sth. 为……提供支持 【例句】 1. Could you lend me your pen? 可以把你的笔借给我吗？ 2. Please lend a hand when others are in trouble. 别人有困难的时候请搭把手。 【易混淆辨析 lend / borrow / keep】 ► lend：借出，lend sth to sb ► borrow：借入，borrow sth from sb ► keep：借用（延续一段时间），常和how long连用 辨析例句： 1. —Can I borrow this book? 我可以借这本书吗？ 2. —Yes, but you can’t lend it to others. 可以，但不能借给别人。 3. —How long can I keep this book? 这本书我可以借多久？ 知识点5 He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.他喜欢一个接一个地解决问题。 fix为实义动词，两个高频词义：修理破损物品；解决难题。 【固定搭配】 ① fix problems 解决问题 ② fix up 修理；装饰；收拾妥当 【例句】 1. Can you fix my broken watch? 你能修好我这块坏手表吗？ 2. We need to fix this difficult problem at once. 我们得立刻解决这个难题。 【易混淆辨析 fix / repair / mend】 ► fix：口语常用，修理小东西、解决问题都可以 ► repair：较正式，修理大型、贵重物品 ► mend：多指缝补衣服、修补小裂口 知识点6 Shantanu won an award and received many congratulations for his invention. Shantanu因他的发明而获得一个奖项并受到许多祝贺 congratulate是动词；congratulation是名词，表示祝贺习惯用复数congratulations 【固定搭配】 ① congratulate sb. on (doing) sth. 为某事向某人祝贺 ② congratulations on sth. 祝贺某事 ③ congratulate oneself on sth. 为某事暗自庆幸、自豪 【例句】 1. Congratulations on your success! 祝贺你取得成功！ 2. She congratulated me on passing the exam. 她祝贺我考试通过。 【易混淆辨析】 ► congratulate：动词，句子作谓语 ► congratulations：名词（多用复数），单独用或者作宾语 辨析例句： 1. I want to congratulate you.（谓语，动词）我想祝贺你。 2. Please accept my congratulations.（宾语，名词）请接受我的祝贺。 知识点7 What everyday problem do you face? 你面临什么日常问题？ everyday是形容词，作定语，后接名词；every day是副词短语，在句中作时间状语。 【固定搭配】 ① everyday life 日常生活 ② everyday things 日常事物 ③ … every day 每天（放句末或句首） 【例句】 1. Computers are part of our everyday life. 电脑是我们日常生活的一部分。 2. I walk to school every day. 我每天走路去上学。 【易混淆辨析】 ► everyday（连写，adj.）+名词 → everyday problem ► every day（分开，短语）→ 时间状语 辨析例句： 1. These are my everyday shoes. 这是我日常穿的鞋子。 2. I wear these shoes every day. 我每天穿这双鞋。 知识点8 How does the problem trouble you?这个问题是如何困扰你的？ trouble既可以作动词“麻烦；使苦恼”，也可以作名词“困难，麻烦”。 【固定搭配】 ① trouble sb. with sth. 因某事麻烦某人 ② have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 ③ in trouble 处于困境中 ④ get out of trouble 摆脱困境 【例句】 1. Whenever we are in trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently. 每当我们学习上遇到困难，老师总是耐心地帮助我们。 2. She had trouble learning English. 她学英语有困难。 【易混淆辨析 trouble / difficulty】 ► trouble：侧重烦心事、困境 ► difficulty：侧重做题、做事的难度 辨析例句： 1. He is in trouble now, let’s help him. 他遇到麻烦了，我们帮帮他。 2. I have difficulty in working out the math problem. 我算出这道数学题有难度。 知识点9 He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature.他对电很感兴趣，对电的性质很好奇。 electricity名词，电（能源）；electric形容词，电动的（靠电力运转）；electronic形容词，电子的（芯片、线路类）。 【固定搭配】 ① save electricity 节约用电 ② electric bike 电动车 ③ electronic products 电子产品 【例句】 1. We must save electricity in daily life. 日常生活中我们必须节约用电。 2. My father bought me an electric bike as my birthday gift. 爸爸给我买了一辆电动自行车当作生日礼物。 3. This shop sells all kinds of electronic products. 这家店卖各种各样的电子产品。 【易混淆辨析】 ► electricity n. 电，电能（能源） ► electric adj. 电动的（用电驱动）：electric light, electric car ► electronic adj. 电子的：electronic game, electronic mail 知识点10 He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature.他被电吸引，并且对电的本质有着强烈的好奇心。 curiosity为名词“好奇心”，形容词形式curious；be drawn to强调发自内心地被深深吸引。词性变形curious(adj.)→curiosity(n.)是词形转换题高频出题点。 【固定搭配】 1. be drawn to… 被……吸引 2. be curious about… 对……感到好奇 3. have a deep curiosity about… 对……有强烈的好奇心 【例句】Many teenagers are drawn to online games.（很多青少年被网络游戏吸引。） 【易混淆辨析】 be drawn to 发自内心深深着迷 be interested in 普通的感兴趣。 例：I’m interested in history.我对历史感兴趣。 I’m drawn to the ancient stories.我深深痴迷于古老的故事。 知识点11 Stories said he flew a kite during a storm out of curiosity.传说他出于好奇，在暴风雨中放了一只风筝。 out of+抽象名词表行为动机，中考高频考点，常考：out of curiosity出于好奇，out of pity出于同情，out of fear出于害怕。 【固定搭配】 1. out of curiosity 出于好奇 2. fly a kite 放风筝 【例句】He opened the secret letter out of curiosity.（出于好奇，他拆开了这封密信。） 【易混淆辨析】 out of curiosity（出于好奇，表做事的原因） with curiosity（好奇地，修饰动作状态） 例：The little boy looked at the snake with curiosity.小男孩好奇地看着那条蛇。 知识点12 This invention helps protect buildings from lightning.这项发明有助于保护建筑物免受雷击。 知识点protect … from … 完形、单选、完成句子必考短语；help (to) do sth，不定式to可以省略，写作常用句型。 【固定搭配】 1. protect sth from… 保护某物免受…… 2. help (to) do sth 帮助做某事 【例句】Sunglasses can protect our eyes from strong sunshine.（太阳镜可以保护我们的眼睛不受强光伤害。） 【易混淆辨析】 protect…from…保护……不受外来伤害 prevent…from…阻止……事情发生 例：The heavy rain prevented us from going out.大雨让我们没法出门。 知识点13 It opens new doors for us to learn and discover.它为我们学习和发现打开了新的大门。 open new doors for sb固定比喻短语，写作加分万能句型，意为“给某人打开新大门，带来新机遇”。 【固定搭配】 1. open new doors for sb 为某人打开新的大门，带来新机会 【例句】Travelling opens new doors for us to know the world.（旅行为我们认识世界打开新大门。） 单元语法：动词不定式与动名词作宾语 当一句话中出现两个动词连用时，不能直接动词+动词，第二个动词需要变化形式，用to‑do（动词不定式）或者doing（动名词）充当宾语。 一、动词 + to do（不定式）作宾语 ✅ 含义：多表示想要、计划、决定、提议去做某事，动作大多还没有发生 ✅ 结构：主语 + 动词 + to do + 其他成分 ✅ 常接to‑do的动词： want（想要），hope（希望），plan（计划），decide（决定），offer（主动提出），learn（学习） ✅ 例句： 1. I wanted to see the Beijing opera, so Li Ling offered to take me there. 我想看京剧，所以李玲就提出带我去看。 2. We only planned to watch for an hour. 我们原先只打算看一个小时。 3. I hope to understand more next time. 我希望下次懂得多一些。 ⚠️注意：不定式 to + 动词原形 ，没有人称、数的变化，不能单独作句子谓语。 ✅拓展常考动词：agree同意，refuse拒绝，try尽力，promise承诺，choose选择 二、动词 + doing（动名词）作宾语 ✅ 含义：多表示爱好、习惯、体验、已经做完的动作 ✅ 结构：主语 + 动词 + doing + 其他成分 ✅ 常接doing的动词： enjoy（喜欢），practise（练习），finish（完成），avoid（避免），keep（坚持，一直），mind（介意） ✅ 例句： 1. She enjoys learning about different cultures and traditions from around the world. 她喜欢了解世界各地不同的文化和传统。 2. He practises playing the guitar for two hours every day. 他每天练习两个小时吉他。 📌记忆口诀：喜欢练习完成，避免坚持介意 → enjoy, practise, finish, avoid, keep, mind ✅拓展常考动词：suggest建议，consider考虑，miss错过，imagine想象 三、同一动词，接to‑do / doing含义不一样 1. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（动作已做完） I remember seeing her. 我记得见过她。 2. remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事（动作还没做） You must remember to lock the door before leaving the house. 出门之前一定要记得锁门。 3. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（事情已经做了） I forgot closing the window. 我忘了我已经关过窗户了。 4. forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事（事情没有做） Don’t forget to close the window. 别忘了关上窗户。 5. stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 He stopped smoking. 他戒烟了。 6. stop to do sth. 停下来，去做另一件事 He stopped to smoke. 他停下来，抽了根烟。 7. try doing sth. 试着做（尝试办法） Try taking this medicine. 试试吃这个药。 8. try to do sth. 尽力、努力去做 I will try to finish the work on time. 我会尽力按时完成工作。 四、做题快速判断技巧 1. 表将来、打算、还没做 → 优先用 to do 2. 表爱好、习惯、体验、已经做完 → 优先用 doing 3. 特殊动词单独背：remember / forget / stop / try，看动作有没有做完再选形式 一、单项选择 1．She plans ________ a model robot out of simple materials this weekend. A．make B．to make C．making D．made 2．A scientist is a curious person ________ through a keyhole of nature. A．look B．to look C．looking D．looked 3．The boy made great ________ in his English after hard work. A．progress B．mistake C．trouble D．noise 4．She spent two hours ________ the problem last night. A．solve B．solving C．to solve D．solved 5．Im afraid I cant pass the exam. ________! Youve worked so hard. A．Never mind B．Cheer up C．Thank you D．Good luck 6．The story tells us that nothing is impossible ________ we put our heart into it. A．as long as B．as soon as C．even if D．so that 7．Its time ________ more about the power of effort and persistence. A．know B．to know C．knowing D．knew 8．You had better ________ up easily when you meet difficulties on your way to dreams. A．not give B．to not give C．not giving D．not given 9．We learn ________ failures and keep moving towards our goals. A．face B．to face C．facing D．faced 10．What is the true ________ of Make it happen? It means putting effort into action and making your dreams come true. A．meaning B．danger C．memory D．power 二、补全对话 (Alice and Michael are talking in the classroom. A:Alice, M: Michael) A: Hi, Michael! 1 M: Well, Alice, Im going to be an inventor when I grow up. A: Sounds great! 2 A．What did you use to do? B．What are they used for? C．What do you want to invent? D．How do you want to invent glasses? E．How long will it take you to invent them? F．Then you must work hard at your subjects. G．What are you going to be when you grow up? M: I want to invent a pair of glasses for the blind. A: Glasses for the blind? 3 M: They are used for helping the blind to see. A: Thats interesting. 4 M: Yes. I will work hard to achieve my goal. A: 5 M: Ive no idea. Maybe five or eight years. A: Then I will buy one for my grandfather. M: OK. 三、完形填空 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Developing apps is not an easy thing, but some middle school students are inventing their own apps. Lots of middle school students once 1 an international competition in Shanghai. A group of middle school students from China showed their creative 2 in the competition. Lin Shao, a student from Shanghai, invented an app called Health Helper. His app was very useful. It could 3 people when and how to do exercise every day. By using this app, people could know their running routes according to their condition. Zhang Jichen, a student from Beijing, used to be troubled by the bad 4 . So he invented an app that could calculate (计算)PM2.5 5 . To make people breathe the fresh air, this app gives not only a lot of information about the weather but also some 6 on outdoor activities. It is 7 to make an app. You have to be really careful and 8 . Sometimes you have to 9 again and again. But I enjoy doing it,said Yu Qi, another student from Shanghai. Many interesting apps 10 a deep impression (印象) on the engineers from the US in the competition and we are looking forward to their better performance in the future,a news reporter said. 1．A．took part in B．handed in C．found out D．came in 2．A．inventions B．books C．machines D．papers 3．A．ask B．know C．tell D．answer 4．A．water B．air C．oxygen D．food 5．A．easily B．early C．quietly D．freely 6．A．experience B．advice C．messages D．difference 7．A．interesting B．surprising C．important D．difficult 8．A．bored B．pleased C．tired D．patient 9．A．meet B．think C．try D．watch 10．A．found B．lost C．bought D．left 四、阅读理解 A Dear Editor, I am a 14-year-old student and I love asking questions. My teachers say I am too curious and I should just follow the textbook. They say my questions are not importantfor exams. But I feel that if I dont ask questions, I wont truly understand. I want to be a scientist one day, but my teachers are making me feel like my curiosity is a problem. How can I keep my curiosity alive while also doing well in school? Should I stop asking so many questions? Yours sincerely, Jason Dear Jason, I am sorry to hear that your teachers dont support your curiosity. Let me tell you something: curiosity is a gift, not a problem. The greatest scientists and inventors were curious people who asked many questions. You should not stop asking questions. However, you also need to do well in school. Heres my advice: try to find a balance. Ask questions that relate to what you are learning in class. This will help you understand the material better and also satisfy your curiosity. You can also explore your deeper questions outside of schoolread books, watch documentaries, or join a science club. Talk to your teachers about your goals. Show them that your curiosity is helping you learn, not distracting you. Stay curious, but also be a good student. Your curiosity will take you far in life. Best, Editor 1．What is Jasons problem? A．He doesnt like school. B．His teachers think his curiosity is a problem. C．He wants to become a teacher. D．He doesnt want to ask questions. 2．How do Jasons teachers treat his questions? A．They encourage him. B．They think they are not important for exams. C．They answer all his questions. D．They ignore him completely. 3．What does the editor say about curiosity? A．It is a problem. B．It is a gift. C．It is not useful. D．It is for adults only. 4．What advice does the editor give to Jason? A．Stop asking questions. B．Find a balance between curiosity and schoolwork. C．Only focus on exams. D．Change his goal. 5．What does the editor suggest Jason do outside of school? A．Ignore his curiosity. B．Read books and join a science club. C．Stop studying. D．Spend more time on social media. B Marie Curie is famous for her discovery of radium and polonium. But where did her passion for science come from? It came from her deep curiosity about the natural world. As a child, Marie was fascinated by the way things worked. She often asked her father, a physics teacher, questions about the stars, the elements, and the universe. Her curiosity didnt disappear when she became a scientist. Instead, it grew stronger. She spent years working in a laboratory, often in difficult conditions, to understand the mysterious properties of radioactive materials. Her curiosity also made her brave. She took risks by handling dangerous materials without knowing their full effects. Her work led to two Nobel Prizes, but she never stopped being curious. Even near the end of her life, she was still asking questions. Marie Curie proved that curiosity is not just for young people it is a lifelong quality that can lead to amazing discoveries. 1．What was Marie Curies passion driven by? A．Money and fame. B．Deep curiosity about the natural world. C．Pressure from her family. D．A desire to travel. 2．Where did Maries interest in science come from? A．Her school. B．Her father, a physics teacher. C．Her friends. D．A book she read. 3．How did Maries curiosity change as she grew older? A．It disappeared. B．It grew stronger. C．It became weaker. D．It stayed the same. 4．What risk did Marie take in her work? A．She traveled to other countries. B．She handled dangerous radioactive materials. C．She worked in a modern lab. D．She used new equipment. 5．What can we learn from Marie Curies story? A．Curiosity is only for children. B．Curiosity can lead to lifelong discoveries. C．Scientists should avoid risks. D．Fame is the only goal of science. 五、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Doorbells are the bells for people to ring at a door. When someone hears it, he or she can open the door. Do you know that you can ring a doorbell for fish, too? Every spring, many fish swim along the river in the city to find better places to lay eggs. But in the river, there are many locks (水闸). They stop fish from swimming through. Weerd Lock is in Utrecht, the fourth largestcity in the Netherlands. When fish get there, they have to wait a long time before the lock opens for boats to go through. The lock worker there is glad to open the lock for fish, but he cannot tell when fish want to get through. So in 2021, Mark, a scientist, thought of a good idea to help solve this problemby using the fish doorbell. Under the water near the lock, theres a camera (照相机). People from around the world can visit a website (网站) to see fish through the camera. When you see a group of fish waiting, you can ring the doorbell on the screen. And when the lock worker notices it, he will open the lock for the fish. In its first spring season in 2021, people around the world rang the fish doorbell more than 100,000 times. If you want to join them to help fish, visit the website and ring the fish doorbell next spring! 1．Why do fish swim along the river in the city every spring? 2．What stops fish from swimming through the river? 3．Who thought of the idea of using the fish doorbell? 4．When can people ring the fish doorbell to help the fish? 5．What can we learn from the fish doorbellstory? 六、选词填空 阅读短文, 从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空, 使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词, 每词限使用一次。 as especially good helper influence learn low simple spare when How will life be different in 50 years? Futurists predict that robots will work everywhere. 1 we all know, Chinas robotics industry is growing very fast, and this will make our lives much easier. First of all, service robots will become common 2 in our homes. They will do almost all our housework. For example, they can clean the floor, wash dishes and even help cook 3 meals. This means people will have more 4 time to study, play or be with family. More importantly, they will help save lives 5 disasters and emergencies happen. Of course, some jobs will disappear in the coming years because robots can do them 6 and faster. But dont worryrobots will never replace humans completely. Our creativity and emotional intelligence are very important, 7 for our relationships with family and friends. AI will not replace humans for these things. However, it will surely change how we work, study and live. For example, your refrigerator will be smart enough to know what food you need and order food for you when you are running 8 ! So, how can we prepare for this amazing future? Its simple. Just accept. Keep 9 new things and work hard. Remember, the choices we make today will 10 our life in 50 years. Lets get ready for a world full of robots and new possibilities! 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Make it happen（复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕“Make it happen”主题，复习好奇心、奇思妙想、动手实践、直面失败、坚持追梦的文本内容，理解故事传递的保持好奇、勇于尝试、踏实行动方能实现想法的精神内涵。 2、重点掌握发明创造、探索求知、个人品质、做事历程类词汇与短语。 3、能够区分动词后接to‑do不定式与‑ing动名词作宾语的不同用法，识记高频动词对应的固定搭配。 4、能围绕“好奇心有什么力量、遇到难题怎样坚持、如何把小想法变成现实”开展口头问答与书面表达，提升叙事能力与感悟表达能力。 复习重难点 重点：不定式to‑do与动名词‑ing作宾语的用法辨析；探索、实践、追梦主题的核心句型。 难点：易混动词后to‑do / doing搭配的准确选用；写作中结合具体事例完整讲述经历，自然表达个人收获与感悟。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1 What do you know about the differences between the lives of ancient people and ours? 关于古代人的生活和我们的生活之间的差异，你知道些什么 between为介词，一般用于两者之间；among为介词，用于三者及三者以上之间。 【固定搭配】 ① between A and B 在A与B之间 ② among + 复数名词/代词 在……当中 【例句】 1. There is a river between the two villages. 两个村子之间有一条河。 2. She found her keys among those books. 她在那一堆书当中找到了钥匙。 【易混淆辨析】 ► between：两者之间 ► among：三者或三者以上之间 知识点2 How have they changed our lives?它们是如何改变我们的生活的？ change为动词，意为“改变；变化”；one’s需要换用形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her等)。 【固定搭配】 ① change one’s life 改变某人的生活 ② daily life 日常生活 ③ the rest of one’s life 余生 ④ for life 终身 【例句】 1. This great invention changed his life. 这项伟大的发明改变了他的人生。 2. Good habits can change our life. 好习惯可以改变我们的生活。 【易混淆辨析】 ► change sth. 改变某物 ► change one’s life 改变人生（固定表达，不可随意替换物主代词） 知识点3 Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000.她的假肢只是一个简单的钩子，但却花了8万美元。 三个词都表示“花费”，但主语和花费对象不一样：cost主语一般是物，花钱；pay主语一般是人，付钱；take多用it作形式主语，花时间。 【固定搭配】 ① sth cost(s) (sb) + 钱 某物花（某人）多少钱 ② pay for sth 为某物付钱 ③ It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时 【例句】 1. The new bike cost me 500 yuan. 这辆新自行车花了我500元。 2. I pay ten yuan for the notebook. 我花十元买这个笔记本。 3. It takes me 20 minutes to walk to school. 走路去上学花费我20分钟。 【易混淆辨析】 ► cost：物作主语 → 花钱 ► pay：人作主语 → 付钱，搭配for ► take：it作形式主语 → 花时间 知识点4 I must lend a hand to people like her.我必须帮助像她这样的人。 lend是动词，过去式、过去分词均为lent；两层常用含义：①借出；②给予、提供帮助、支持。 【固定搭配】 ① lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 ② lend a hand 帮助；搭把手 ③ lend support to sth. 为……提供支持 【例句】 1. Could you lend me your pen? 可以把你的笔借给我吗？ 2. Please lend a hand when others are in trouble. 别人有困难的时候请搭把手。 【易混淆辨析 lend / borrow / keep】 ► lend：借出，lend sth to sb ► borrow：借入，borrow sth from sb ► keep：借用（延续一段时间），常和how long连用 辨析例句： 1. —Can I borrow this book? 我可以借这本书吗？ 2. —Yes, but you can’t lend it to others. 可以，但不能借给别人。 3. —How long can I keep this book? 这本书我可以借多久？ 知识点5 He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.他喜欢一个接一个地解决问题。 fix为实义动词，两个高频词义：修理破损物品；解决难题。 【固定搭配】 ① fix problems 解决问题 ② fix up 修理；装饰；收拾妥当 【例句】 1. Can you fix my broken watch? 你能修好我这块坏手表吗？ 2. We need to fix this difficult problem at once. 我们得立刻解决这个难题。 【易混淆辨析 fix / repair / mend】 ► fix：口语常用，修理小东西、解决问题都可以 ► repair：较正式，修理大型、贵重物品 ► mend：多指缝补衣服、修补小裂口 知识点6 Shantanu won an award and received many congratulations for his invention. Shantanu因他的发明而获得一个奖项并受到许多祝贺 congratulate是动词；congratulation是名词，表示祝贺习惯用复数congratulations 【固定搭配】 ① congratulate sb. on (doing) sth. 为某事向某人祝贺 ② congratulations on sth. 祝贺某事 ③ congratulate oneself on sth. 为某事暗自庆幸、自豪 【例句】 1. Congratulations on your success! 祝贺你取得成功！ 2. She congratulated me on passing the exam. 她祝贺我考试通过。 【易混淆辨析】 ► congratulate：动词，句子作谓语 ► congratulations：名词（多用复数），单独用或者作宾语 辨析例句： 1. I want to congratulate you.（谓语，动词）我想祝贺你。 2. Please accept my congratulations.（宾语，名词）请接受我的祝贺。 知识点7 What everyday problem do you face? 你面临什么日常问题？ everyday是形容词，作定语，后接名词；every day是副词短语，在句中作时间状语。 【固定搭配】 ① everyday life 日常生活 ② everyday things 日常事物 ③ … every day 每天（放句末或句首） 【例句】 1. Computers are part of our everyday life. 电脑是我们日常生活的一部分。 2. I walk to school every day. 我每天走路去上学。 【易混淆辨析】 ► everyday（连写，adj.）+名词 → everyday problem ► every day（分开，短语）→ 时间状语 辨析例句： 1. These are my everyday shoes. 这是我日常穿的鞋子。 2. I wear these shoes every day. 我每天穿这双鞋。 知识点8 How does the problem trouble you?这个问题是如何困扰你的？ trouble既可以作动词“麻烦；使苦恼”，也可以作名词“困难，麻烦”。 【固定搭配】 ① trouble sb. with sth. 因某事麻烦某人 ② have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 ③ in trouble 处于困境中 ④ get out of trouble 摆脱困境 【例句】 1. Whenever we are in trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently. 每当我们学习上遇到困难，老师总是耐心地帮助我们。 2. She had trouble learning English. 她学英语有困难。 【易混淆辨析 trouble / difficulty】 ► trouble：侧重烦心事、困境 ► difficulty：侧重做题、做事的难度 辨析例句： 1. He is in trouble now, let’s help him. 他遇到麻烦了，我们帮帮他。 2. I have difficulty in working out the math problem. 我算出这道数学题有难度。 知识点9 He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature.他对电很感兴趣，对电的性质很好奇。 electricity名词，电（能源）；electric形容词，电动的（靠电力运转）；electronic形容词，电子的（芯片、线路类）。 【固定搭配】 ① save electricity 节约用电 ② electric bike 电动车 ③ electronic products 电子产品 【例句】 1. We must save electricity in daily life. 日常生活中我们必须节约用电。 2. My father bought me an electric bike as my birthday gift. 爸爸给我买了一辆电动自行车当作生日礼物。 3. This shop sells all kinds of electronic products. 这家店卖各种各样的电子产品。 【易混淆辨析】 ► electricity n. 电，电能（能源） ► electric adj. 电动的（用电驱动）：electric light, electric car ► electronic adj. 电子的：electronic game, electronic mail 知识点10 He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature.他被电吸引，并且对电的本质有着强烈的好奇心。 curiosity为名词“好奇心”，形容词形式curious；be drawn to强调发自内心地被深深吸引。词性变形curious(adj.)→curiosity(n.)是词形转换题高频出题点。 【固定搭配】 1. be drawn to… 被……吸引 2. be curious about… 对……感到好奇 3. have a deep curiosity about… 对……有强烈的好奇心 【例句】Many teenagers are drawn to online games.（很多青少年被网络游戏吸引。） 【易混淆辨析】 be drawn to 发自内心深深着迷 be interested in 普通的感兴趣。 例：I’m interested in history.我对历史感兴趣。 I’m drawn to the ancient stories.我深深痴迷于古老的故事。 知识点11 Stories said he flew a kite during a storm out of curiosity.传说他出于好奇，在暴风雨中放了一只风筝。 out of+抽象名词表行为动机，中考高频考点，常考：out of curiosity出于好奇，out of pity出于同情，out of fear出于害怕。 【固定搭配】 1. out of curiosity 出于好奇 2. fly a kite 放风筝 【例句】He opened the secret letter out of curiosity.（出于好奇，他拆开了这封密信。） 【易混淆辨析】 out of curiosity（出于好奇，表做事的原因） with curiosity（好奇地，修饰动作状态） 例：The little boy looked at the snake with curiosity.小男孩好奇地看着那条蛇。 知识点12 This invention helps protect buildings from lightning.这项发明有助于保护建筑物免受雷击。 知识点protect … from … 完形、单选、完成句子必考短语；help (to) do sth，不定式to可以省略，写作常用句型。 【固定搭配】 1. protect sth from… 保护某物免受…… 2. help (to) do sth 帮助做某事 【例句】Sunglasses can protect our eyes from strong sunshine.（太阳镜可以保护我们的眼睛不受强光伤害。） 【易混淆辨析】 protect…from…保护……不受外来伤害 prevent…from…阻止……事情发生 例：The heavy rain prevented us from going out.大雨让我们没法出门。 知识点13 It opens new doors for us to learn and discover.它为我们学习和发现打开了新的大门。 open new doors for sb固定比喻短语，写作加分万能句型，意为“给某人打开新大门，带来新机遇”。 【固定搭配】 1. open new doors for sb 为某人打开新的大门，带来新机会 【例句】Travelling opens new doors for us to know the world.（旅行为我们认识世界打开新大门。） 单元语法：动词不定式与动名词作宾语 当一句话中出现两个动词连用时，不能直接动词+动词，第二个动词需要变化形式，用to‑do（动词不定式）或者doing（动名词）充当宾语。 一、动词 + to do（不定式）作宾语 ✅ 含义：多表示想要、计划、决定、提议去做某事，动作大多还没有发生 ✅ 结构：主语 + 动词 + to do + 其他成分 ✅ 常接to‑do的动词： want（想要），hope（希望），plan（计划），decide（决定），offer（主动提出），learn（学习） ✅ 例句： 1. I wanted to see the Beijing opera, so Li Ling offered to take me there. 我想看京剧，所以李玲就提出带我去看。 2. We only planned to watch for an hour. 我们原先只打算看一个小时。 3. I hope to understand more next time. 我希望下次懂得多一些。 ⚠️注意：不定式 to + 动词原形 ，没有人称、数的变化，不能单独作句子谓语。 ✅拓展常考动词：agree同意，refuse拒绝，try尽力，promise承诺，choose选择 二、动词 + doing（动名词）作宾语 ✅ 含义：多表示爱好、习惯、体验、已经做完的动作 ✅ 结构：主语 + 动词 + doing + 其他成分 ✅ 常接doing的动词： enjoy（喜欢），practise（练习），finish（完成），avoid（避免），keep（坚持，一直），mind（介意） ✅ 例句： 1. She enjoys learning about different cultures and traditions from around the world. 她喜欢了解世界各地不同的文化和传统。 2. He practises playing the guitar for two hours every day. 他每天练习两个小时吉他。 📌记忆口诀：喜欢练习完成，避免坚持介意 → enjoy, practise, finish, avoid, keep, mind ✅拓展常考动词：suggest建议，consider考虑，miss错过，imagine想象 三、同一动词，接to‑do / doing含义不一样 1. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（动作已做完） I remember seeing her. 我记得见过她。 2. remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事（动作还没做） You must remember to lock the door before leaving the house. 出门之前一定要记得锁门。 3. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（事情已经做了） I forgot closing the window. 我忘了我已经关过窗户了。 4. forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事（事情没有做） Don’t forget to close the window. 别忘了关上窗户。 5. stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 He stopped smoking. 他戒烟了。 6. stop to do sth. 停下来，去做另一件事 He stopped to smoke. 他停下来，抽了根烟。 7. try doing sth. 试着做（尝试办法） Try taking this medicine. 试试吃这个药。 8. try to do sth. 尽力、努力去做 I will try to finish the work on time. 我会尽力按时完成工作。 四、做题快速判断技巧 1. 表将来、打算、还没做 → 优先用 to do 2. 表爱好、习惯、体验、已经做完 → 优先用 doing 3. 特殊动词单独背：remember / forget / stop / try，看动作有没有做完再选形式 一、单项选择 1．She plans ________ a model robot out of simple materials this weekend. A．make B．to make C．making D．made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她计划这个周末用简单的材料制作一个模型机器人。 固定搭配：plan to do sth.表示计划做某事，需要用动词不定式作宾语，应填to make。 2．A scientist is a curious person ________ through a keyhole of nature. A．look B．to look C．looking D．looked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：科学家是一个透过大自然的锁眼观察的好奇的人。 look看（动词原形）；to look去看（动词不定式）；looking看（现在分词）；looked看（过去分词）。句中已有谓语动词is，空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰person。person与look 之间是主动关系，表示主动观察，故用现在分词looking。 3．The boy made great ________ in his English after hard work. A．progress B．mistake C．trouble D．noise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：经过努力之后，这个男孩在英语方面取得了巨大的进步。 progress进步；mistake错误；trouble麻烦；noise噪音。根据after hard work可知，经过努力通常会取得进步，且make progress为固定搭配，意为取得进步，应填progress。 4．She spent two hours ________ the problem last night. A．solve B．solving C．to solve D．solved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她昨晚花了两个小时解决这个问题。 固定用法spend some time (in) doing sth.意为花费时间做某事，根据spent two hours可知，此处应用动名词形式，应填solving。 5．Im afraid I cant pass the exam. ________! Youve worked so hard. A．Never mind B．Cheer up C．Thank you D．Good luck 【答案】B 【详解】句意：恐怕我不能通过考试。振作起来！你已经这么努力了。 Never mind没关系，Cheer up振作起来，Thank you谢谢你，Good luck祝好运。根据Im afraid I cant pass the exam.可知说话人因担心考试而情绪低落。答语中提到Youve worked so hard.，说明对方在安慰和鼓励。此处应表示鼓励对方不要气馁，Cheer up符合语境。 6．The story tells us that nothing is impossible ________ we put our heart into it. A．as long as B．as soon as C．even if D．so that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个故事告诉我们，只要我们用心去做，没有什么是不可能的。 as long as只要；as soon as一就；even if即使，纵然；so that以便。分析句子逻辑关系，前半句没有什么是不可能的是结果，后半句我们用心去做是条件，此处需要表示条件关系的连词。应填as long as。 7．Its time ________ more about the power of effort and persistence. A．know B．to know C．knowing D．knew 【答案】B 【详解】句意：是时候去了解更多关于努力和坚持的力量了。 know知道（动词原形）；to know去了解（动词不定式）；knowing知道（动词现在分词/动名词）；knew知道（动词过去式）。固定句型Its time to do sth.，意为是时候做某事了，空处动词不定式作真正的主语。选to know。 8．You had better ________ up easily when you meet difficulties on your way to dreams. A．not give B．to not give C．not giving D．not given 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当你在追梦的路上遇到困难时，你最好不要轻易放弃。 had better意为最好，后接动词原形，否定形式为had better not do sth.。根据You had better ... up easily可知，此处表示最好不要放弃，应填not give。 9．We learn ________ failures and keep moving towards our goals. A．face B．to face C．facing D．faced 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学会直面失败，继续朝着目标前进。 根据动词learn的固定搭配规则，learn后接表示具体动作的动词时，需使用不定式结构to do作宾语，构成learn to do sth.（学习/学会做某事）的固定短语，因此此处应填to face。 10．What is the true ________ of Make it happen? It means putting effort into action and making your dreams come true. A．meaning B．danger C．memory D．power 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Make it happen的真正含义是什么？它意味着将努力付诸行动，让梦想成真。 meaning含义/意思；danger危险；memory记忆；power力量。根据It means putting effort into action and making your dreams come true.可知，问句在问Make it happen的意思是什么，应填meaning。 二、补全对话 (Alice and Michael are talking in the classroom. A:Alice, M: Michael) A: Hi, Michael! 1 M: Well, Alice, Im going to be an inventor when I grow up. A: Sounds great! 2 A．What did you use to do? B．What are they used for? C．What do you want to invent? D．How do you want to invent glasses? E．How long will it take you to invent them? F．Then you must work hard at your subjects. G．What are you going to be when you grow up? M: I want to invent a pair of glasses for the blind. A: Glasses for the blind? 3 M: They are used for helping the blind to see. A: Thats interesting. 4 M: Yes. I will work hard to achieve my goal. A: 5 M: Ive no idea. Maybe five or eight years. A: Then I will buy one for my grandfather. M: OK. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文是Alice与Michael的对话, 围绕Michael长大后想成为发明家这一梦想展开。 【详解】 1．根据Im going to be an inventor when I grow up可知，Alice应是在问Michael长大后想成为什么，选项GWhat are you going to be when you grow up?(你长大以后打算成为什么？) 符合语境。 2．根据I want to invent a pair of glasses for the blind.可知，Alice应是在问Michael想发明什么，选项CWhat do you want to invent?(你想要发明什么？)符合语境。 3．根据They are used for helping the blind to see.可知，Alice应是在问Michael这些眼镜的用途，选项BWhat are they used for?(它们是用来做什么的？)符合语境。 4．根据Yes. I will work hard to achieve my goal.可知，此处Alice应是在鼓励Michael要努力学习相关科目，选项FThen you must work hard at your subjects.(那么你必须努力学好你的功课。)符合语境。 5．根据Maybe five or eight years.可知，Alice应是在问Michael发明这些眼镜需要多长时间，选项EHow long will it take you to invent them?(你发明它们将要花费多长时间？) 符合语境。 三、完形填空 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Developing apps is not an easy thing, but some middle school students are inventing their own apps. Lots of middle school students once 1 an international competition in Shanghai. A group of middle school students from China showed their creative 2 in the competition. Lin Shao, a student from Shanghai, invented an app called Health Helper. His app was very useful. It could 3 people when and how to do exercise every day. By using this app, people could know their running routes according to their condition. Zhang Jichen, a student from Beijing, used to be troubled by the bad 4 . So he invented an app that could calculate (计算)PM2.5 5 . To make people breathe the fresh air, this app gives not only a lot of information about the weather but also some 6 on outdoor activities. It is 7 to make an app. You have to be really careful and 8 . Sometimes you have to 9 again and again. But I enjoy doing it,said Yu Qi, another student from Shanghai. Many interesting apps 10 a deep impression (印象) on the engineers from the US in the competition and we are looking forward to their better performance in the future,a news reporter said. 1．A．took part in B．handed in C．found out D．came in 2．A．inventions B．books C．machines D．papers 3．A．ask B．know C．tell D．answer 4．A．water B．air C．oxygen D．food 5．A．easily B．early C．quietly D．freely 6．A．experience B．advice C．messages D．difference 7．A．interesting B．surprising C．important D．difficult 8．A．bored B．pleased C．tired D．patient 9．A．meet B．think C．try D．watch 10．A．found B．lost C．bought D．left 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．D 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中学生参加应用程序开发比赛，展示发明成果及心得，体现了青少年的创新精神与实践能力。 【详解】 1．句意：许多中学生曾参加在上海举办的一场国际赛事。 后文关键词competition比赛，搭配参加比赛用took part in。took part in参加(活动、比赛)符合语境。handed in上交；found out查明；came in进入与文章意思不符。 2．句意：一队中国中学生在比赛中展示了他们富有创意的发明作品。 全文围绕学生研发手机应用软件、科创发明展开，inventions发明物，选用inventions。books书籍；machines机器；papers试卷不符合语境。 3．句意：这款软件可以告知人们每日锻炼的时间与锻炼方式。 软件的功能是给用户推送提醒、告知锻炼计划，tell告诉，告知符合语境。ask询问；know知道；answer回答与文意不符。 4．句意：来自北京的张继辰曾经饱受糟糕空气质量的困扰。 后文出现PM2.5空气质量指标，对应空气问题，air空气符合语境。water水；oxygen氧气；food食物与文意不符。 5．句意：于是他设计了一款能够轻松测算PM2.5数值的软件。 该软件的作用是便捷检测空气质量，easily轻松地、便捷地修饰动词calculate。early提早地；quietly安静地；freely自由地均不符合语境。 6．句意：为了让大家呼吸新鲜空气，这款软件不仅推送大量天气资讯，还会给到户外活动相关建议。 结合空气质量好坏给出户外活动出行建议，advice建议贴合文意。experience经历；messages消息；difference差异均不符合语境。 7．句意：制作一款应用软件是一件很有难度的事。 后文提到需要细心、反复尝试，说明开发软件难度大，difficult困难的，选difficult。interesting有趣的；surprising令人惊讶的；important重要的均不符合语境。 8．句意：你必须足够细心并且有耐心。 结合反复调试软件的情节，需要耐心，patient有耐心的和careful细心并列，选patient。bored无聊的；pleased开心的；tired疲惫的均不符合语境。 9．句意：有些时候你需要一遍又一遍尝试调试。 软件开发需要反复试验修改，try again and again固定搭配反复尝试，try符合语境。meet遇见；think思考；watch观看均不符合语境。 10．句意：多款趣味十足的应用软件给到场的美国工程师们留下了深刻印象。 固定搭配leave a deep impression on sb.给某人留下深刻印象，left留下，选left。found发现；lost丢失；bought购买均不符合语境。 四、阅读理解 A Dear Editor, I am a 14-year-old student and I love asking questions. My teachers say I am too curious and I should just follow the textbook. They say my questions are not importantfor exams. But I feel that if I dont ask questions, I wont truly understand. I want to be a scientist one day, but my teachers are making me feel like my curiosity is a problem. How can I keep my curiosity alive while also doing well in school? Should I stop asking so many questions? Yours sincerely, Jason Dear Jason, I am sorry to hear that your teachers dont support your curiosity. Let me tell you something: curiosity is a gift, not a problem. The greatest scientists and inventors were curious people who asked many questions. You should not stop asking questions. However, you also need to do well in school. Heres my advice: try to find a balance. Ask questions that relate to what you are learning in class. This will help you understand the material better and also satisfy your curiosity. You can also explore your deeper questions outside of schoolread books, watch documentaries, or join a science club. Talk to your teachers about your goals. Show them that your curiosity is helping you learn, not distracting you. Stay curious, but also be a good student. Your curiosity will take you far in life. Best, Editor 1．What is Jasons problem? A．He doesnt like school. B．His teachers think his curiosity is a problem. C．He wants to become a teacher. D．He doesnt want to ask questions. 2．How do Jasons teachers treat his questions? A．They encourage him. B．They think they are not important for exams. C．They answer all his questions. D．They ignore him completely. 3．What does the editor say about curiosity? A．It is a problem. B．It is a gift. C．It is not useful. D．It is for adults only. 4．What advice does the editor give to Jason? A．Stop asking questions. B．Find a balance between curiosity and schoolwork. C．Only focus on exams. D．Change his goal. 5．What does the editor suggest Jason do outside of school? A．Ignore his curiosity. B．Read books and join a science club. C．Stop studying. D．Spend more time on social media. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇书信，主要讲了Jason给编辑写信倾诉自己爱提问、充满好奇心，但不被老师理解，希望知道如何兼顾好奇心与学业；编辑回信安慰并给出建议，告诉Jason好奇心是天赋，要平衡好提问和学校学习。 【详解】 1．根据Jason的信中But I feel that if I dont ask questions, I wont truly understand...my teachers are making me feel like my curiosity is a problem.可知，Jason的困扰在于老师觉得他的好奇心是个问题。 2．根据Jason的信中They say my questions are not importantfor exams.可知，老师们认为他的问题对考试不重要。 3．根据编辑的回信中Let me tell you something: curiosity is a gift, not a problem.可知，编辑认为好奇心是一份礼物而不是问题。 4．根据编辑的回信中Heres my advice: try to find a balance.以及后文提到的既要学好课本知识又要保持好奇心，可知编辑建议他在好奇心和学业之间找到平衡。 5．根据编辑的回信中You can also explore your deeper questions outside of schoolread books, watch documentaries, or join a science club.可知，编辑建议他在校外可以通过读书或参加科学俱乐部来探索问题。 B Marie Curie is famous for her discovery of radium and polonium. But where did her passion for science come from? It came from her deep curiosity about the natural world. As a child, Marie was fascinated by the way things worked. She often asked her father, a physics teacher, questions about the stars, the elements, and the universe. Her curiosity didnt disappear when she became a scientist. Instead, it grew stronger. She spent years working in a laboratory, often in difficult conditions, to understand the mysterious properties of radioactive materials. Her curiosity also made her brave. She took risks by handling dangerous materials without knowing their full effects. Her work led to two Nobel Prizes, but she never stopped being curious. Even near the end of her life, she was still asking questions. Marie Curie proved that curiosity is not just for young people it is a lifelong quality that can lead to amazing discoveries. 1．What was Marie Curies passion driven by? A．Money and fame. B．Deep curiosity about the natural world. C．Pressure from her family. D．A desire to travel. 2．Where did Maries interest in science come from? A．Her school. B．Her father, a physics teacher. C．Her friends. D．A book she read. 3．How did Maries curiosity change as she grew older? A．It disappeared. B．It grew stronger. C．It became weaker. D．It stayed the same. 4．What risk did Marie take in her work? A．She traveled to other countries. B．She handled dangerous radioactive materials. C．She worked in a modern lab. D．She used new equipment. 5．What can we learn from Marie Curies story? A．Curiosity is only for children. B．Curiosity can lead to lifelong discoveries. C．Scientists should avoid risks. D．Fame is the only goal of science. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了居里夫人对科学的热情源于对自然界的强烈好奇心，这份好奇心伴随她一生，支撑她在艰苦条件下开展研究、取得卓越成就，证明了好奇心是能带来惊人发现的终身品质。 【详解】 1．根据文中It came from her deep curiosity about the natural world.可知，居里夫人对科学的热情源于她对自然世界深深的好奇心。 2．根据文中She often asked her father, a physics teacher, questions about the stars, the elements, and the universe.可知，玛丽从小就常向身为物理老师的父亲请教科学相关问题，她对科学的兴趣来源于身为物理老师的父亲。 3．根据文中Her curiosity didnt disappear when she became a scientist. Instead, it grew stronger.可知，玛丽的好奇心在她长大后不但没有消失，反而变得更强烈了。 4．根据文中She took risks by handling dangerous materials without knowing their full effects.结合前文提到她的研究对象是放射性物质可知，她在工作中承担的风险是操作危险的放射性材料。 5．根据文章最后一句Marie Curie proved that curiosity is not just for young people it is a lifelong quality that can lead to amazing discoveries.可知，居里夫人的故事告诉我们好奇心是终身的品质，能带来源源不断的发现。 五、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Doorbells are the bells for people to ring at a door. When someone hears it, he or she can open the door. Do you know that you can ring a doorbell for fish, too? Every spring, many fish swim along the river in the city to find better places to lay eggs. But in the river, there are many locks (水闸). They stop fish from swimming through. Weerd Lock is in Utrecht, the fourth largestcity in the Netherlands. When fish get there, they have to wait a long time before the lock opens for boats to go through. The lock worker there is glad to open the lock for fish, but he cannot tell when fish want to get through. So in 2021, Mark, a scientist, thought of a good idea to help solve this problemby using the fish doorbell. Under the water near the lock, theres a camera (照相机). People from around the world can visit a website (网站) to see fish through the camera. When you see a group of fish waiting, you can ring the doorbell on the screen. And when the lock worker notices it, he will open the lock for the fish. In its first spring season in 2021, people around the world rang the fish doorbell more than 100,000 times. If you want to join them to help fish, visit the website and ring the fish doorbell next spring! 1．Why do fish swim along the river in the city every spring? 2．What stops fish from swimming through the river? 3．Who thought of the idea of using the fish doorbell? 4．When can people ring the fish doorbell to help the fish? 5．What can we learn from the fish doorbellstory? 【答案】1．To find better places to lay eggs./They swim along the river in the city to find better places to lay eggs every spring./Because they want to find better places to lay eggs. 2．Many locks./Many locks in the river. 3．Mark, a scientist./A scientist named Mark. 4．When they see a group of fish waiting. 5．We can learn that science and small ideas can help protect animals./We can learn that everyone around the world can take part in helping nature. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了荷兰乌得勒支市科学家Mark发明鱼类门铃，让全世界的人通过网站帮助鱼类通过水闸去产卵的故事。 【详解】 1．根据第2段Every spring, many fish swim along the river in the city to find better places to lay eggs.可知，鱼游动是为了寻找更好的地方产卵，答案可直接从原文提取该信息作答。 2．根据第2段But in the river, there are many locks. They stop fish from swimming through.可知，是水闸阻止了鱼游过河流，可直接摘取原文内容作为答案。 3．根据第2段So in 2021, Mark, a scientist, thought of a good idea to help solve this problem可知，是Mark想到了使用鱼类门铃的主意，属于原文直接给出的信息，可直接取用。 4．根据第2段When you see a group of fish waiting, you can ring the doorbell on the screen.可知，当人们看到一群鱼在等待时，就可以点击屏幕上的门铃，答案依据原文场景提取即可。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，观点贴合文章内容即可。可以从科技能助力保护生物、人人都应该参与保护自然等角度给出合理阐述。 六、选词填空 阅读短文, 从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空, 使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词, 每词限使用一次。 as especially good helper influence learn low simple spare when How will life be different in 50 years? Futurists predict that robots will work everywhere. 1 we all know, Chinas robotics industry is growing very fast, and this will make our lives much easier. First of all, service robots will become common 2 in our homes. They will do almost all our housework. For example, they can clean the floor, wash dishes and even help cook 3 meals. This means people will have more 4 time to study, play or be with family. More importantly, they will help save lives 5 disasters and emergencies happen. Of course, some jobs will disappear in the coming years because robots can do them 6 and faster. But dont worryrobots will never replace humans completely. Our creativity and emotional intelligence are very important, 7 for our relationships with family and friends. AI will not replace humans for these things. However, it will surely change how we work, study and live. For example, your refrigerator will be smart enough to know what food you need and order food for you when you are running 8 ! So, how can we prepare for this amazing future? Its simple. Just accept. Keep 9 new things and work hard. Remember, the choices we make today will 10 our life in 50 years. Lets get ready for a world full of robots and new possibilities! 【答案】 1．As 2．helpers 3．simple 4．spare 5．when 6．better 7．especially 8．low 9．learning 10．influence 【导语】本文畅想五十年后的生活，介绍机器人在生活、工作中的作用，探讨人工智能带来的改变，呼吁人们适应未来，抒发对科技新生活的期待。 【详解】 1．句意：众所周知，中国机器人产业发展十分迅速，这会让我们的生活便捷许多。空格缺少引导固定搭配的连词，结合固定搭配as we all know众所周知，单词原形as符合句式与语义。其余词汇无法构成该固定句式。 2．句意：首先，服务机器人会成为我们家中普遍的帮手。空格缺少表身份的名词，主语service robots为复数，对应名词helper需变形为复数helpers，符合机器人在家充当帮手的语义。其余词汇无法表达帮手含义。 3．句意：例如，它们能扫地、洗碗，甚至帮忙做简单的饭菜。空格缺少修饰名词meals的形容词，结合语义简单的，单词simple原形作定语符合场景，其余词汇无法修饰饭菜表达该含义。 4．句意：这意味着人们会拥有更多空闲时间去学习、玩耍或是陪伴家人。空格缺少修饰名词time的形容词，结合固定搭配spare time空闲时间，单词spare原形作定语符合语义，其余词汇不能与time搭配表达空余时间。 5．句意：更重要的是，当灾难和突发状况发生时，它们会助力挽救生命。空格缺少引导时间状语从句的连词，结合语义当的时候，单词原形when 符合从句逻辑，其余词汇无法引导该时间场景从句。 6．句意：当然，未来一些工作会消失，因为机器人做事更高效、速度更快。空格与faster并列作副词比较级修饰动词do，结合语义更好地，单词good需变形为副词比较级better，其余词汇无该比较级副词变形且语义不符。 7．句意：我们的创造力与情商十分重要，尤其是在我们和家人朋友相处的人际关系之中。空格缺少副词表强调，结合语义尤其、特别，单词原形especially符合突出人际关系重要性的语义，其余词汇无强调含义。 8．句意：举个例子，你的冰箱会足够智能，清楚你需要什么食材，在食材短缺时自动下单。空格缺少形容词，结合固定搭配run low短缺、不足，单词low原形符合食材耗尽的场景语义，其余词汇不能和run搭配构成该短语。 9．句意：只需坦然接受，持续学习新事物并努力奋斗。空格缺少动名词，结合固定搭配keep doing sth.持续做某事，语义学习，单词learn需变形为动名词learning，其余词汇无法搭配keep表达持续钻研新事物。 10．句意：记住，我们当下做出的选择，将会影响五十年后的生活。空格缺少谓语动词，will后接动词原形，结合语义影响，单词原形influence符合句子将来时态与表达逻辑，其余词汇无法表达选择对生活产生作用的含义。 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $