Unit 7 The natural world (背诵默写过关单-语篇版) 2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 以“自然世界”主题为核心，通过语篇化默写整合单元核心词汇、短语及语法，构建“词汇-短语-语篇”的层级记忆逻辑，提升语言运用与知识迁移能力。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |背诵积累|40词+8短语+1语法点|音标、词性、释义全维度呈现，明喻语法配课文原句|围绕生态系统主题，核心词（如ecosystem、wetland）与短语（如keep the balance）为语篇理解奠基，语法点服务于生动表达| |语篇化默写|10单句+1语篇+6短语+5金句|挖空回填、语篇填空、汉译英，紧扣课文原句|以三大生态系统语篇为载体，实现词汇（如hold、trap）、短语（如get rid of）在语境中的应用，强化语言能力与学习策略|

Unit 7 The natural world 背诵默写过关单（语篇版） -2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册 （译林版·2024年国家教材委员会审核通过） 第一部分 背诵积累 一、单元核心词（语篇高频词） 英文 音标 词性 中文释义 coral /ˈkɒrəl/ n. 珊瑚 reef /riːf/ n. 礁 penguin /ˈpeŋgwɪn/ n. 企鹅 ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候 wetland /ˈwetlənd/ n. 湿地 include /ɪnˈkluːd/ vt. 包括 non-living /ˌnɒnˈlɪvɪŋ/ adj. 非生物的 pond /pɒnd/ n. 池塘 around /əˈraʊnd/ adv. 大约 hold /həʊld/ v. 容纳；拿着；举行 return /rɪˈtɜːn/ vi. 返回；回去；回来 get rid of 清除；摆脱 prevent /prɪˈvent/ vt. 防止，阻止 store /stɔː(r)/ vt. 贮存 sponge /spʌndʒ/ n. 海绵块 act /ækt/ vi. 起作用；行动 kidney /ˈkɪdni/ n. 肾脏 nearly /ˈnɪəli/ adv. 几乎；差不多；将近 carbon dioxide /ˌkɑːbn daɪˈɒksaɪd/ n. 二氧化碳 trap /træp/ vt. 吸收；使落入险境 harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的 therefore /ˈðeəfɔː(r)/ adv. 因此 slow down （使）慢下来 sadly /ˈsædli/ adv. 不幸地；悲伤地 ton /tʌn/ n. 吨 harm /hɑːm/ vt. 伤害，损害 wildlife /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ n. 野生动物 topic /ˈtɒpɪk/ n. 话题 quite a few 相当多，不少 noisy /ˈnɔɪzi/ adj. 充满噪声的；吵闹的 system /ˈsɪstəm/ n. 系统；体系 cause /kɔːz/ vt. 使发生，造成，导致 damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt. 损害，毁坏 north-east /ˌnɔːθˈiːst/ n., adj. & adv. 东北；东北方的；向东北方 cover /ˈkʌvə(r)/ n. 躲避处；罩子 rare /reə(r)/ adj. 稀有的，珍贵的 red-crowned crane /red kraʊnd kreɪn/ n. 丹顶鹤 stay /steɪ/ v. 停留，逗留 daytime /ˈdeɪtaɪm/ n. 白天 lead /liːd/ vt. 造成（后果） lead to 导致 mud /mʌd/ n. 泥；淤泥，泥浆 create /kriˈeɪt/ vt. 创建，创造 set up 建立 balanced /ˈbælənst/ adj. 保持平衡的 knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ n. 知识 wastewater /ˈweɪstwɔːtə(r)/ n. 废水 environment-friendly /ɪnˌvaɪrənmənt ˈfrendli/ adj. 环保的，不损害环境的 二、单元核心短语 英文短语 中文释义 living and non-living things 生物和非生物 keep the balance 保持平衡 are home to 是……的家园 get rid of 清除；摆脱 prevent floods 预防洪水 act like 起……的作用；像……一样 trap harmful things 截留（吸收）有害物质 make up 组成；占（比例） 三、语法聚焦（配课文原句） 句型/语法点 中文说明 例句 Simile 明喻（用 like / as 表示相似） 用 like 或 as 把两种不同事物作比较，说明它们在某一点上相似，使描写更生动形象。课文中的典型用法：the ocean is just like the "heart" of the earth；They act like the "kidneys" of the earth。 This goes on and on, so the ocean is just like the "heart" of the earth. 这个过程循环往复，所以海洋就像地球的“心脏”。 第二部分 语篇化默写 一、单句回填：根据中文句意，在横线上填入课文原词/短语 课文原句（挖空） 答案 The big three: oceans, wetlands and forests An ______ includes all the living and non-living things in an area. （三大生态系统：海洋、湿地和森林 生态系统包括一个区域内所有的生物和非生物。） ______ can be of different sizes, from small ponds to large grasslands. （生态系统大小不一，从小池塘到大草原都有。） Each ______ has a role to play and helps keep the balance between all its members and the greater environment. （每个生态系统都发挥着自己的作用，有助于保持其所有成员与更大的环境之间的平衡。） The ocean is a very large ______ on earth. （海洋是地球上一个非常大的生态系统。） It covers ______ 71% of the earth's surface and produces about 70% of the earth's oxygen. （它大约覆盖地球表面71%的面积，并产生地球约70%的氧气。） It ______ plenty of salt water, and the water rises to the sky, falls onto the land and then returns to the ocean. （它容纳大量的咸水，水升到空中，落到陆地上，然后又回到海洋。） This goes on and on, so the ocean is just like the "heart" of the ______. （这个过程循环往复，所以海洋就像地球的“心脏”。） ______ only cover about 6% of the earth's land area. （湿地只占地球陆地面积的约6%。） But they are home to ______ 40% of all the types of plants and animals. （但它们却是大约40%的各类动植物的家园。） Plants in ______ help get rid of pollution and make the water clean. （湿地中的植物有助于清除污染，使水变得洁净。） 二、语篇填空：阅读下面短文，在横线处填入适当的单词（每空一词） The big three: oceans, (1)______ and forests An (2)______ (3)______ all the living and (4)______ things in an area. Ecosystems can be of different sizes, from small (5)______ to large grasslands. Each ecosystem has a role to play and helps keep the balance between all its members and the greater environment. The ocean is a very large ecosystem on earth. It (6)______ (7)______ 71% of the earth's surface and produces about 70% of the earth's oxygen. It (8)______ plenty of salt water, and the water rises to the sky, falls onto the land and then (9)______ to the ocean. This goes on and on, so the ocean is just like the "heart" of the earth. Wetlands only cover about 6% of the earth's land area. But they are home to around 40% of all the types of plants and animals. Plants in wetlands help get rid of pollution and make the water clean. Wetlands can also help (10)______ floods During heavy rains, wetlands (11)______ water like huge (12)______. They (13)______ like the "(14)______" of the earth. Forests make up (15)______ a third of the earth's land area. Plants there take in carbon dioxide from the air and produce oxygen. They also (16)______ harmful things in their leaves and help clean the air. Therefore, people often call forests the "lungs" of the earth. 【语篇译文】三大生态系统：海洋、湿地和森林 生态系统包括一个区域内所有的生物和非生物。生态系统大小不一，从小池塘到大草原都有。每个生态系统都发挥着自己的作用，有助于保持其所有成员与更大的环境之间的平衡。 海洋是地球上一个非常大的生态系统。它大约覆盖地球表面71%的面积，并产生地球约70%的氧气。它容纳大量的咸水，水升到空中，落到陆地上，然后又回到海洋。这个过程循环往复，所以海洋就像地球的“心脏”。 湿地只占地球陆地面积的约6%。但它们却是大约40%的各类动植物的家园。湿地中的植物有助于清除污染，使水变得洁净。湿地还能帮助预防洪水。在暴雨期间，湿地像巨大的海绵一样储存水分。它们就像地球的“肾脏”。 森林约占地球陆地面积的三分之一。那里的植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳，并产生氧气。它们还把有害物质截留在叶子里，帮助净化空气。因此，人们常把森林称为地球的“肺”。 三、短语在句中：根据中文句意，在横线上填入本单元短语 含短语的句子（挖空） 答案 The big three: oceans, wetlands and forests An ecosystem includes all the ______ in an area （三大生态系统：海洋、湿地和森林 生态系统包括一个区域内所有的生物和非生物。） Each ecosystem has a role to play and helps ______ between all its members and the greater environment （每个生态系统都发挥着自己的作用，有助于保持其所有成员与更大的环境之间的平衡。） But they ______ around 40% of all the types of plants and animals （但它们却是大约40%的各类动植物的家园。） Plants in wetlands help ______ pollution and make the water clean （湿地中的植物有助于清除污染，使水变得洁净。） Wetlands can also help ______ During heavy rains, wetlands store water like huge sponges （湿地还能帮助预防洪水。在暴雨期间，湿地像巨大的海绵一样储存水分。） They ______ the "kidneys" of the earth （它们就像地球的“肾脏”。） 四、金句积累·汉译英：根据中文写出英文原句 中文 英文 三大生态系统：海洋、湿地和森林 生态系统包括一个区域内所有的生物和非生物。 生态系统大小不一，从小池塘到大草原都有。 每个生态系统都发挥着自己的作用，有助于保持其所有成员与更大的环境之间的平衡。 海洋是地球上一个非常大的生态系统。 它大约覆盖地球表面71%的面积，并产生地球约70%的氧气。 参考答案 一、单句回填 1. The big three: oceans, wetlands and forests An ______ includes all the living and non-living things in an area. 答案：ecosystem 2. ______ can be of different sizes, from small ponds to large grasslands. 答案：Ecosystems 3. Each ______ has a role to play and helps keep the balance between all its members and the greater environment. 答案：ecosystem 4. The ocean is a very large ______ on earth. 答案：ecosystem 5. It covers ______ 71% of the earth's surface and produces about 70% of the earth's oxygen. 答案：around 6. It ______ plenty of salt water, and the water rises to the sky, falls onto the land and then returns to the ocean. 答案：holds 7. This goes on and on, so the ocean is just like the "heart" of the ______. 答案：earth 8. ______ only cover about 6% of the earth's land area. 答案：Wetlands 9. But they are home to ______ 40% of all the types of plants and animals. 答案：around 10. Plants in ______ help get rid of pollution and make the water clean. 答案：wetlands 二、语篇填空 The big three: oceans, (1)wetlands and forests An (2)ecosystem (3)includes all the living and (4)non-living things in an area. Ecosystems can be of different sizes, from small (5)ponds to large grasslands. Each ecosystem has a role to play and helps keep the balance between all its members and the greater environment. The ocean is a very large ecosystem on earth. It (6)covers (7)around 71% of the earth's surface and produces about 70% of the earth's oxygen. It (8)holds plenty of salt water, and the water rises to the sky, falls onto the land and then (9)returns to the ocean. This goes on and on, so the ocean is just like the "heart" of the earth. Wetlands only cover about 6% of the earth's land area. But they are home to around 40% of all the types of plants and animals. Plants in wetlands help get rid of pollution and make the water clean. Wetlands can also help (10)prevent floods During heavy rains, wetlands (11)store water like huge (12)sponges. They (13)act like the "(14)kidneys" of the earth. Forests make up (15)nearly a third of the earth's land area. Plants there take in carbon dioxide from the air and produce oxygen. They also (16)trap harmful things in their leaves and help clean the air. Therefore, people often call forests the "lungs" of the earth. 挖空词对应：(1)wetlands；(2)ecosystem；(3)includes；(4)non-living；(5)ponds；(6)covers；(7)around；(8)holds；(9)returns；(10)prevent；(11)store；(12)sponges；(13)act；(14)kidneys；(15)nearly；(16)trap 三、短语在句中 1. The big three: oceans, wetlands and forests An ecosystem includes all the ______ in an area → living and non-living things 2. Each ecosystem has a role to play and helps ______ between all its members and the greater environment → keep the balance 3. But they ______ around 40% of all the types of plants and animals → are home to 4. Plants in wetlands help ______ pollution and make the water clean → get rid of 5. Wetlands can also help ______ During heavy rains, wetlands store water like huge sponges → prevent floods 6. They ______ the "kidneys" of the earth → act like 四、金句汉译英 1. 三大生态系统：海洋、湿地和森林 生态系统包括一个区域内所有的生物和非生物。 The big three: oceans, wetlands and forests An ecosystem includes all the living and non-living things in an area. 2. 生态系统大小不一，从小池塘到大草原都有。 Ecosystems can be of different sizes, from small ponds to large grasslands. 3. 每个生态系统都发挥着自己的作用，有助于保持其所有成员与更大的环境之间的平衡。 Each ecosystem has a role to play and helps keep the balance between all its members and the greater environment. 4. 海洋是地球上一个非常大的生态系统。 The ocean is a very large ecosystem on earth. 5. 它大约覆盖地球表面71%的面积，并产生地球约70%的氧气。 It covers around 71% of the earth's surface and produces about 70% of the earth's oxygen. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $