Unit 2 Be Sporty,Be Healthy Grammar and usage 语法 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态 导学案-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版(2020)必修第二册

该高中英语导学案聚焦必修二Unit 2现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态，通过引导学生观察课文原句分析黑体部分功能与构成，搭建从具体语境到语法规则的学习支架，帮助学生梳理两种被动语态的构成、形式及用法。 资料以“观察-归纳-应用”为主线，通过课文原句导入激发学生兴趣，归纳总结部分清晰呈现语法规则及注意事项，课堂与课后练习涵盖填空、完成句子等多种形式，助力学生巩固知识，提升语言运用能力与思维品质，培养自主学习能力。

必修二语法合集 Unit2语法现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态 观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能与构成。 1.Our facilities have been enlarged and redone,and our centre is now bigger and better than ever before 主语facilities复数，have been+过去分词；设施已经被扩建改造，造成现在 场馆更好的现状。 2.The workout-rooms have been updated with modern equipment 主语workout-rooms复数，have been updated;健身房间已经完成更新，现在 配有新式设备。 3.In response to public interest,our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options,including modern dance. 主语aerobics class单数，has been replaced;:I旧有氧课已经被替换；搭配replace A with B用B代替A。 4.The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool... 主语the finishing touches复数，are being put:being必不可少；泳池还没完 工，正在做最后的收尾。put the finishing touches to sth是做最后修饰。 5.Weight training classes,for example,are being designed and will be added to our programme soon. 主语classes复数，are being designed;课程此刻正在被设计；will be added 般将来时被动。 归纳总结： 一.现在进行时被动语态的构成和形式。 肯定式 主语+be(am,is,are)十being+done 否定式 主语十be(am,is,arre)+not+being+done 般疑问式 be(am,is,are)+主语+being+done 特殊疑问式 疑问词+be(am,is,are)+主语+being十done 二.现在进行时被动语态的用法 1.表示此时此刻正在进行或一段时间的被动的动作。 2.表示反复进行的被动的动作，always,frequently,constantly等和现在进行时的 被动语态连用时表示反复进行的被动的动作，这种动词形式常用来表示赞扬或厌 恶的感情色彩。 3.注意事项 3.注意事项 (1)不及物动词（短语）、非延续性动词、表示存在意义/所属关系/静态特征的动词 以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。 (2)be十in/on/nder等+名词结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。 课堂练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.We can't use our classroom,for it (paint)now. 2.-I don't suppose the teacher knows who broke the vase 3.-Well,surprisingly she does.Tom has been called and (question) now. 4.Kevin is happy because he (praise)by the teacher in class now. 5.The problem which (discuss)in the meeting room now is very important to the development of the company 6.It is announced that a lot of houses (build)at present in the disaster area. 7.Some safety rules for sports. not (stress)in many PE classes nowadays. 8.Teenagers'real needs for exercise always (ignore)in some schools 9.Teenagers'outdoor-activity time (cut down on)these days. 三.现在完成时态被动语态的构成和形式。 肯定式 主语+have/has been done. 否定式 主语+have/has not been done.. 一般疑问式 Have/Has十主语十been done.? 特殊疑问式 疑问词+have/has+主语+been done..? 四现在完成时态被动语态的用法。 1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的 影响或结果，通常与already,yet,just,never,recently等副词连用。 2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常 与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long.？句型中。 3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时刻已完成的动作，即用现在完成 时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 4.注意事项。 (1)短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词 或副词不可省略。 It is said that the problem has been looked into. 据说已经调查这个问题了。 (2)带有双宾语的动词，如give,send,bing,take,teach,show,tell,make, sing,wite,1ead,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，变为被动语态 时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。 We have given him the book >He has been given the book ->The book has been given to him 课堂练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.In the past decades,efforts have been made (make)by Mentougou District to preserve this signature folk dance culture. 2.Every possible means has been used(use)to prevent the air pollution up to now,and it seems to work.The sky is getting clearer in China. 3.A large number of sports facilities have been created (create)for teenagers over the past few years. 4.All the safety rules of the sports meeting have already been explained (explain)to the students. 5.Many old playgrounds have been repaired (repair)since the local government carried out the project. 6.Many teenagers have already been given (give)professional guidance on physical exercise. 7.Lots of practical suggestions have been given (give)to teenagers about fitness since last term. 8.Has the sports meeting been held (hold)yet? 9.The mental health of young athletes has been looked after (look after) well since the new rule came out. 一。单句语法填空。 1.At present,nature parks are being built (build)in different areas of our country and most of them will be completed (complete)in about three years. 2.The plan to explore the South Pole is being made(make)these days. 3.Great changes have taken(take)place in my hometown since 2000. 4.The little boy has made rapid progress recently and has been praised (praise) several times by his teachers. 5.The question about where the factory is going to be built is being discussed(discuss)now. 6.Over the past ten years,this town has been hit(hit)twice by earthquakes. 7.-Will the lecture be held at 4 o'clock this afternoon? -No.It has been put(put)off till tomorrow afternoon. 8.Some excellent teenagers have been offered (offer)chances to take part in national sports competitions so far. 9.The old playground has been taken good care of (take good care of)since last winter. 10.More courses are being developed (develop)in junior high schools these days. 11.Some hidden risks in training are not being noticed (notice)at present 12.Students'spare-time exercise hours are always being cut(cut) down by heavy homework. 13.You cannot take part in the sports meeting until all your personal information has been checked (check) 14.Students'spare-time exercise time is always being taken (take)up by extra homework. 二、完成句子，用现在进行时或现在完成时的被动语态。 1.据报道，由于砍伐树木，野生动物的生存空间正在遭到破坏。 As reported,living space for wildlife is being destroyed/damaged due to the cutting down of t杠ees. 2.正在为希望工程募捐，我们将能达成预定目标。 Money is being collected for the Hope Project and we will reach the expected goal. 3.那个国家的环境正被严重地污染着，以至于所有的人都感到难以忍受。 _The environment in that country is being polluted so badly that all the people can't stand it. 4.尽管房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。 Though the price of the house has been reduced by 10%,we can't afford it either. 5.传统的火车购票方式已经被网络购票方式取代了。 The traditional way/method of buying train tickets has already, been replaced by the one through the Internet. 6.何时何地建造新大楼尚未决定。 When and where to build the new building has not been decided 7.健身房正由工人施工，据称将于明年向公众开放。 The gym is being built by the workers and it is said to be open to the public next year. 8.老师正在向孩子们讲述一个有趣的故事。 The children are being told an interesting story by the teacher./An interesting story is being told to 9.政府已采取有效措施，以保护濒危动物。 Effective measures have been taken to protect the endangered animals by the government. 10.该运动员的励志故事激励了年轻队友们，鼓励他们设定更高的目标。 Younger teammates have been encouraged to aim for higher goals by the athlete's story 三.语法填空。 On Saturday morning,two good friends,Jeremy Savage and Ian Marshall decided to climb Cathedral Mountain by 36 (they)while their parents relaxed at the campsite.Everything went smooth.However,trouble 37 (begin)when Ian fell three meters off the side of a dangerous path.Jeremy climbed down to the place where Ian was and found him 38 (bad)injured and not able to move They waited for help.As darkness started to fall,their parents,39 were waiting at the campsite,became very worried and they began searching 40 the boys. As it was completely dark,Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents but Jeremy still did not leave.He thought it was too dangerous for Ian 41 (be)alone on such a cold,windy night.Jeremy used his jacket and 42 extra shirt to keep Ian warm and they rested together through the night Luckily,they 43 (rescue)finally."I will always remember what Jeremy 44 (do)for me,"said Ian afterwards."He saved my life,45 is the greatest thing that a person can do for his friend." 【答案】36.hemselves 37.began 38.badly 39.wh0 40.for 41.to be 42.an 43.were rescued 44.did 45.which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个好朋友杰里米萨维奇和伊恩·马歇尔 在两家一起露营时独自去爬山，伊恩摔落受了重伤，杰里米用他的夹克和一件额 外的衬衫给伊恩保暖，他们一起休息了一夜，最终他们幸运地得救了，伊恩非常 感激杰里米。 【36题详解】 考查代词。句意：周六早上，两个好朋友，杰里米萨维奇和伊恩·马歇尔，决定 独自去爬大教堂山，而他们的父母在露营地休息。by oneself独自”，为固定搭配， 所以此处应用反身代词。故填themselves。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：然而，当伊恩从一条三米高的危险小路边上摔下来时，麻 烦开始了。根据when Ian fell three meters off the side of a dangerous path”可知， 此处应用一般过去时。故填began。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：杰里米爬到伊恩所在的地方，发现他受了重伤，动弹不得。此 处修饰形容词injured,应用副词bady严重地，作状语。故填bady。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当夜幕降临时，在露营地等着他们的父母变得非常担心， 他们开始寻找孩子们。此处在非限制性定语从句中作主语，且先行词为parents, 指人，所以应用关系代词who。故填who。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：当夜幕降临时，在露营地等着他们的父母变得非常担心，他们 开始寻找孩子们。search for“寻找”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词for。故填 for。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他认为在这样一个寒冷多风的夜晚，伊恩一个人呆着太 危险了。此处it为形式主语，应用todo不定式作真正的主语。故填tobe。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：杰里米用他的夹克和一件额外的衬衫给伊恩保暖，他们一起休 息了一夜。shit意为衬衫，为可数名词，此处extra shirt为第一次出现，所以 应用不定冠词表示泛指，extra的开头发音为元音音素。故填an。 【43题详解】 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：幸运的是他们最终得救了。此处描述过去的 事情，所以应用一般过去时。动词escue拯救”，和主语构成被动关系，应用被 动语态，主语hey为复数，be动词使用were。故填were rescued: 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：我会永远记得杰里米为我所做的一切。伊恩后来说。此 处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填did。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他救了我的命，这是一个人能为朋友做的最伟大的事。此 处在非限制性定语从句中作主语，且修饰前面句子，所以应用关系代词wich。 故填which。. 必修二语法合集 Unit 2语法 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态 观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能与构成。 1. Our facilities have been enlarged and redone, and our centre is now bigger and better than ever before. 2. The workout‑rooms have been updated with modern equipment. 3. In response to public interest, our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options, including modern dance. 4. The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool… 5. Weight training classes, for example, are being designed and will be added to our programme soon. 归纳总结： 一. 现在进行时被动语态的构成和形式。 肯定式 主语＋be(am，is，are)＋being＋done 否定式 主语＋be(am，is，are)＋not＋being＋done 一般疑问式 be(am，is，are)＋主语＋being＋done 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋be(am，is，are)＋主语＋being＋done 二．现在进行时被动语态的用法 1. 表示此时此刻正在进行或一段时间的被动的动作。 2. 表示反复进行的被动的动作，always, frequently, constantly等和现在进行时的被动语态连用时表示反复进行的被动的动作，这种动词形式常用来表示赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。 3.注意事项 (1) 不及物动词(短语)、非延续性动词、表示存在意义/所属关系/静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。 (2) “be＋in/on/under等＋名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。 课堂练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. We can't use our classroom, for it _________________(paint) now. 2. —I don't suppose the teacher knows who broke the vase. 3. —Well, surprisingly she does.Tom has been called and _____________(question) now. 4. Kevin is happy because he_________________(praise) by the teacher in class now. 5. The problem which _________________(discuss) in the meeting room now is very important to the development of the company. 6. It is announced that a lot of houses_________________(build) at present in the disaster area. 7. Some safety rules for sports___________not ____________ (stress) in many PE classes nowadays. 8. Teenagers’ real needs for exercise ___________ always ____________(ignore) in some schools. 9. Teenagers’ outdoor‑activity time _________________(cut down on) these days. 三．现在完成时态被动语态的构成和形式。 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done... 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done... 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？ 四.现在完成时态被动语态的用法。 1. 现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。 2. 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...？”句型中。 3. 用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时刻已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 4. 注意事项。 (1) 短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。 It is said that the problem has been looked into. 据说已经调查这个问题了。 (2) 带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。 We have given him the book. →He has been given the book. →The book has been given to him. 课堂练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. In the past decades, efforts _______________(make) by Mentougou District to preserve this signature folk dance culture. 2. Every possible means _______________(use) to prevent the air pollution up to now, and it seems to work. The sky is getting clearer in China. 3. A large number of sports facilities________________ (create) for teenagers over the past few years. 4. All the safety rules of the sports meeting ___________ already ____________ (explain) to the students. 5. Many old playgrounds________________ (repair) since the local government carried out the project. 6. Many teenagers___________already_____________(give) professional guidance on physical exercise. 7. Lots of practical suggestions________________ (give) to teenagers about fitness since last term. 8. ___________ the sports meeting _____________(hold) yet? 9. The mental health of young athletes ________________ (look after) well since the new rule came out. 课后练习 一．单句语法填空。 1. At present, nature parks ________________ (build) in different areas of our country and most of them _________________ (complete) in about three years. 2. The plan to explore the South Pole ________________ (make) these days. 3. Great changes ________________ (take) place in my hometown since 2000. 4. The little boy has made rapid progress recently and ________________ (praise) several times by his teachers. 5. The question about where the factory is going to be built ________________ (discuss) now. 6. Over the past ten years, this town________________ (hit) twice by earthquakes. 7. —Will the lecture be held at 4 o'clock this afternoon? —No.It ________________ (put) off till tomorrow afternoon. 8. Some excellent teenagers ________________ (offer) chances to take part in national sports competitions so far. 9. The old playground ________________ (take good care of) since last winter. 10. More courses________________ (develop) in junior high schools these days. 11. Some hidden risks in training __________ not ____________ (notice) at present. 12. Students’ spare‑time exercise hours __________always ____________(cut) down by heavy homework. 13. You cannot take part in the sports meeting until all your personal information ________________ (check). 14. Students’ spare‑time exercise time __________ always ____________ (take) up by extra homework. 二、完成句子,用现在进行时或现在完成时的被动语态。 1. 据报道，由于砍伐树木，野生动物的生存空间正在遭到破坏。 As reported, living space for wildlife ___________________________the cutting down of trees. 2. 正在为希望工程募捐，我们将能达成预定目标。 ___________________________for the Hope Project and we will reach the expected goal. 3. 那个国家的环境正被严重地污染着，以至于所有的人都感到难以忍受。 ___________________________________________ that all the people can’t stand it. 4. 尽管房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。 Though _________________________________ by 10%, we can’t afford it either. 5. 传统的火车购票方式已经被网络购票方式取代了。 _____________________________________________the one through the Internet. 6. 何时何地建造新大楼尚未决定。 _____________________________________________________________________ 7. 健身房正由工人施工，据称将于明年向公众开放。 _____________________________________________________________________ 8. 老师正在向孩子们讲述一个有趣的故事。 _____________________________________________________________________ 9. 政府已采取有效措施，以保护濒危动物。 __________________________________the endangered animals by the government. 10. 该运动员的励志故事激励了年轻队友们，鼓励他们设定更高的目标。 __________________________________aim for higher goals by the athlete’s story. 三．语法填空。 On Saturday morning, two good friends, Jeremy Savage and Ian Marshall, decided to climb Cathedral Mountain by ___36___(they) while their parents relaxed at the campsite. Everything went smooth. However, trouble ___37___(begin) when Ian fell three meters off the side of a dangerous path. Jeremy climbed down to the place where Ian was and found him ___38___(bad) injured and not able to move. They waited for help. As darkness started to fall, their parents,___39___ were waiting at the campsite, became very worried and they began searching ___40___ the boys. As it was completely dark, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents but Jeremy still did not leave. He thought it was too dangerous for Ian___41___(be) alone on such a cold, windy night. Jeremy used his jacket and ___42___extra shirt to keep Ian warm and they rested together through the night. Luckily, they ___43___ (rescue) finally. “I will always remember what Jeremy___44___(do) for me,” said Ian afterwards. “He saved my life,___45___ is the greatest thing that a person can do for his friend.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $