2026-2027学年高一英语上学期开学模拟卷03（北京市适用）

**基本信息** 本试卷以真实情境与核心素养为导向，涵盖知识运用、阅读、写作等模块，通过学生创业经历、北京本地生活、VR技术等素材，考查语言能力与跨文化思维，适配高一开学学情。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10题15分|实词辨析（如business/address）|以学生社区创业为情境，渗透实践思维| |语法填空|10题15分|时态/代词/介词等|原创北京学生徒步、环保活动场景，强化语境应用| |阅读理解|19题38分|自然文化（阿尔卑斯/龙门石窟）、环保行动、科技（VR助老）|新语境（垂死小镇）与热点话题结合，考查推理与文化意识| |书面表达|5题32分|应用文写作、问题简答|回答问题结合脑科学（DMN），写作关联学生生活，提升思维品质|

2026-2027学年高一英语上学期开学模拟卷03（北京市适用） （时间：90分钟 满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a student planning to study management, I realised that classroom alone wouldn’t be enough to fully prepare me for the challenges from the world. Eager to gain market-related experience before university, I stepped into the world of 1 this summer. I noticed a problem in my community: the electricity supply was not 2 , often being insufficient and leading to frequent power cuts that affected daily life. This created a clear need for a charging station, so I decided to open one to 3 the issue. What started as a way to prepare myself for college quickly turned into a meaningful project, shaping my understanding of how business can not only 4 practical needs but also make a lasting impact in a community. The response to my business was 5 . On the first three days alone, I made $406. That initial success was more than just encouraging — it was 6 that I was solving a real problem and that the market was there for my services. Seeing people stream into the center, grateful for the charging service, 7 my belief that business is about addressing needs and serving others. The journey of starting this business was not without challenges. When I needed 8 to start the business, I negotiated with my relatives to give me two cows, which I then sold to raise funds. I also 9 technical skills to handle the electrical work myself, which reduced my startup costs. Today, the charging center is alive with activities. The skills I’ve acquired will certainly serve me well as I begin my university journey. Looking back, I can see how these 10 lessons have set a stage for the future. 1．A．medicine B．literature C．business D．science 2．A．reliable B．private C．affordable D．renewable 3．A．discuss B．raise C．report D．address 4．A．promote B．replace C．meet D．guide 5．A．disappointing B．incredible C．strange D．embarrassing 6．A．proof B．doubt C．hope D．fear 7．A．confused B．challenged C．confirmed D．changed 8．A．income B．capital C．price D．profit 9．A．run out of B．got rid of C．reflected on D．drew on 10．A．practical B．classic C．familiar D．cultural 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为了在大学前积累市场相关经验，开始创业经营充电站的过程和感悟。 【详解】1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：渴望在大学前获得与市场相关的经验，今年夏天我踏入了商界。A. medicine医学；B. literature文学；C. business商业；D. science科学。根据上文“Eager to gain market-related experience”可知，作者想要获得与市场相关的经验，因此踏入了商界。故选C。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我注意到我的社区存在一个问题：电力供应不可靠，经常不足，导致频繁停电，影响日常生活。A. reliable可靠的；B. private私人的；C. affordable负担得起的；D. renewable可再生的。根据下文“often being insufficient and leading to frequent power cuts”可知，电力供应不足，导致频繁停电，说明电力供应不可靠。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这产生了对充电站的明显需求，所以我决定开设一个来解决这个问题。A. discuss讨论；B. raise提高；C. report报告；D. address解决。根据上文“This created a clear need for a charging station”可知，社区需要充电站，所以作者决定开设一个来解决这个问题。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个最初只是为了为大学做准备的项目，很快变成了一个有意义的项目，塑造了我对商业如何不仅能满足实际需求，还能在社区中产生持久影响的理解。A. promote促进；B. replace替换；C. meet满足；D. guide指导。根据下文“practical needs”可知，此处指满足实际需求。故选C。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的生意反响令人难以置信。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. strange奇怪的；D. embarrassing尴尬的。根据下文“On the first three days alone, I made $406.”可知，作者三天就赚了406美元，说明生意反响令人难以置信。故选B。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一初步的成功不仅仅是鼓舞人心的——它证明了我正在解决一个真正的问题，而且我的服务有市场。A. proof证明；B. doubt怀疑；C. hope希望；D. fear恐惧。根据下文“that I was solving a real problem and that the market was there for my services”可知，作者的生意成功证明了他正在解决一个真正的问题，而且他的服务有市场。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到人们涌入中心，对充电服务表示感谢，这证实了我的信念：商业就是满足需求，为他人服务。A. confused使困惑；B. challenged挑战；C. confirmed证实；D. changed改变。根据下文“my belief that business is about addressing needs and serving others”可知，人们的反应证实了作者对商业的信念。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我需要资金来创业时，我与亲戚谈判，让他们给我两头牛，然后我把牛卖掉来筹集资金。A. income收入；B. capital资金；C. price价格；D. profit利润。根据下文“which I then sold to raise funds”可知，作者卖掉牛来筹集资金，说明他创业时需要资金。故选B。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我还利用自己的专业技术自行完成了电气安装工作，这降低了我的启动成本。A. run out of用完；B. got rid of摆脱；C. reflected on反思；D. drew on利用，接近。根据后文“which reduced my startup costs”可知，作者利用专业技术自行完成了电气安装工作，这降低了他的创业成本。故选D。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回顾过去，我可以看到这些实践课程如何为未来奠定了基础。A. practical实际的；B. classic经典的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. cultural文化的。根据上文作者创业的经历可知，作者从中学到了实际的经验，这些实践课程为他的未来奠定了基础。故选A。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A （原创题）On bright sunny weekends, many teenagers in Beijing choose hiking as a great way to relax themselves. Mike and several of his classmates often head for the hills on the outskirts of the city. They prepare different kinds of __11__ (bag) to carry water, fruits and snacks before they set off. Last Saturday, __12__ unexpected heavy wind blew on their way up the hill. Mike kept calm and reminded __13__ (he) friends to stay close together for safety. After slow and careful climbing, they finally reached __14__ top of the hill and enjoyed the fantastic view of distant Beijing city. 答案：11. bags 12. an 13. his 14. the 解析: 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述北京少年 Mike 和同学周末到郊外登山，途中突遇大风，大家相互照应，最终登上山顶远眺北京城，度过充实的周末。 【11 题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：出发之前，他们准备各式各样的背包来装水、水果和零食。different kinds of 后接可数名词复数，bag 的复数形式为 bags。故填 bags。 【12 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：上周六，在他们上山的路上，一阵突如其来的大风刮了起来。wind 此处表示 “一阵风”，为可数名词；unexpected 以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 an 表泛指。故填 an。 【13 题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：迈克保持冷静，提醒他的朋友们为了安全紧紧靠在一起。修饰名词 friends，需用形容词性物主代词，主语 Mike 对应 his。故填 his。 【14 题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：经过缓慢小心的攀爬，他们最终登上山顶，欣赏远处北京城的壮丽景色。the top of… 为固定表达，意为 “…… 的顶部”。故填 the。 B （原创题）Lucy is a GradeOne high school student living in Beijing. She has joined the school environmental club since this term. In her spare time, she walks around local community parks and notices some small environmental problems around her. She often wonders __15__ she can do to make Beijing a cleaner and more beautiful city. Club activities are really __16__ (mean) for her personal growth. Last Friday, the whole club __17__ (plant) young trees along the river not far from their school campus. 答案：15. what 16. meaningful 17. planted 解析：本文是一篇记叙文。介绍北京高一学生 Lucy 加入学校环保社团，留意身边环境问题，总想为美化城市出力，上周五社团在校外河边开展植树实践活动。 【15 题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：她常常思考自己可以做些什么，让北京成为一座更干净、更美丽的城市。空处引导宾语从句，作 wonders 的宾语，从句缺少宾语，表示 “…… 的事情”，用连接代词 what。故填 what。 【16 题详解】 考查词性转换（形容词）。句意：社团活动对她的个人成长十分有意义。系动词 are 后接形容词作表语，mean 的形容词形式 meaningful，意为 “有意义的”。故填 meaningful。 【17 题详解】 考查一般过去时。句意：上周五，整个社团在离学校校园不远的河边栽种小树。时间状语 Last Friday 为过去时间，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填 planted。 C （原创题）For teenagers living in Beijing, good living habits matter greatly __18__ their study and daily life. Heavy schoolwork often brings much pressure, so useful small habits can help them keep balanced life states. A regular timetable and proper exercise will make you feel much __19__ (good) when you face heavy learning tasks. We should regard these tiny good habits __20__ a valuable treasure and keep following them day after day. 答案: 18. in 19. better 20. as 解析: 本文是一篇说明文。针对北京青少年，阐述良好生活习惯的重要意义。学业压力之下，小习惯能够帮助学生保持良好状态，我们应当珍视并长期坚持好习惯。 【18 题详解】 考查介词。句意：对于生活在北京的青少年来说，良好的生活习惯在他们的学习与日常生活中至关重要。固定搭配 matter greatly in… 在…… 方面十分重要。故填 in。 【19 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：规律的作息与适度锻炼，会让你面对繁重学习任务时感到更好。much 修饰形容词比较级；feel 后接形容词作表语，good对应的形容词比较级better。故填 better。 【20 题详解】 考查介词。句意：我们应该把这些小小的好习惯当作宝贵的财富，日复一日坚持下去。固定搭配 regard…as… 把…… 看作……。故填 as。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，共38分） 第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Below are places for meaningful journeys into nature, history and culture. Austrian Alps Since 2008, 36 villages in Central Europe’s Eastern Alps have banded together to promote their communities to the travelers in the world who are interested in mountain hiking, biking, and climbing, as well as winter sports like cross-country skiing and ice climbing. The villagers put great emphasis on green mountain tourism. For example, they refuse large tourist projects like huge ski sites and cable cars. Hikers usually stay in farmers’ houses and try traditional foods after a long day in the mountains. Longmen Grottoes Running for about 1,000 meters along the Yi River in China’s Henan Province and carved between the 5th and 8th centuries, Longmen Grottoes features over 2,300 caves which are home to more than 100,000 Buddha (佛像) statues. As one of the four most famous grottoes in China, it offers invaluable information about the politics, economy, and spirituality of its time. Appian Way If all roads lead to Rome, this ancient highway built 2,300 years ago is the mother of them all. Stretching for 360 miles from the heart of Italy’s capital to the seaport of Brindisi on the Adriatic, the ancient road, which symbolizes the ups and downs of the Roman Empire, has been rebuilt for modern travelers, with stops at scenic villages and historical sites. Hadrian’s Wall Starting to be built in the second century, Hadrian’s Wall once marked the rule of the Roman Empire in the UK. Things have changed over the past two thousand years. But the 73-mile-long wall continues to attract visitors. This year, soldiers dressed in Roman uniforms will once again patrol （巡逻） along the rebuilt wall. 21. What is the destination in Austrian Alps known for? A. Sea beaches. B. Local foods. C. Huge skiing sites. D. Modern hotels. 22. When was the earliest cave in Longmen Grottoes built? A. In the second century. B. In the fourth century. C. In the fifth century. D. In the eighth century. 23. What do the last two attractions have in common? A. They are located in the UK. B. They connect the capital to the seaport. C. They were used by the army. D. They are related to the Roman Empire. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个具有自然、历史和文化意义的旅游胜地。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Austrian Alps部分中的“Hikers usually stay in farmers’ houses and try traditional foods after a long day in the mountains.(徒步旅行者通常在山里度过漫长的一天后，会住在农民家里，品尝传统食物)”可知，奥地利阿尔卑斯山的目的地以其当地食物而闻名。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Longmen Grottoes部分中的“Running for about 1,000 meters along the Yi River in China’s Henan Province and carved between the 5th and 8th centuries, Longmen Grottoes features over 2,300 caves which are home to more than 100,000 Buddha statues.(龙门石窟沿着中国河南省的伊河延伸约1000米，雕刻于5世纪至8世纪之间，拥有2300多个洞穴，里面供奉着超过10万尊佛像)”可知，龙门石窟中最早的洞穴建于5世纪。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Appian Way部分中的“If all roads lead to Rome, this ancient highway built 2,300 years ago is the mother of them all.(如果说条条道路通罗马，那么这条2300年前修建的古老公路就是所有道路之母)”和Hadrian’s Wall部分中的“Starting to be built in the second century, Hadrian’s Wall once marked the rule of the Roman Empire in the UK.(哈德良长城始建于二世纪，曾是罗马帝国统治英国的标志)”可知，Appian Way和Hadrian’s Wall都与罗马帝国有关。Appian Way是古罗马时期修建的一条重要道路，而Hadrian’s Wall则是罗马帝国在英国统治时期的标志性建筑。故选D。 B Last summer, 14-year-old Jake joined a beach cleanup volunteer program in his town. He went there, thinking he would only spend a few hours picking up trash and then go home. On his first day at the beach, Jake and other volunteers saw a small sea turtle tangled in plastic netting. The turtle could not move and looked helpless. Working gently and carefully, they slowly cut the netting away and set it free. When the turtle swam back into the clear water, Jake felt a strong sense of purpose. He realized that his small actions could truly help living things in nature and make a real difference. After that, Jake returned to the beach every weekend without delay. He invited his friends to join him and organized regular clean-up events for the whole community. He also gave small talks at school to teach other students about the harm of ocean pollution. Later, he started an environmental club at school to encourage more teenagers to care for the sea and protect wildlife. By the end of the summer, Jake and his club members had cleared more than 500 pounds of rubbish from the beach. Local people and officials were greatly moved by their efforts. The government even built a new recycling center near the beach to reduce waste from reaching the ocean. Jake said that he had learned a meaningful lesson: small actions can create huge influence. He believes that protecting the planet is not just for adults but for everyone, including young students. 24. What did Jake originally plan to do when he took part in the beach program? A. Save trapped sea turtles on the beach B. Pick up rubbish for several hours and leave C. Set up an environmental club at school D. Give speeches about ocean pollution 25. What was Jake’s feeling when the sea turtle swam back into the water? A. Helpless and surprised. B. Shocked and worried. C. Calm and relieved. D. Proud and purposeful. 26. What did Jake do to influence more teenagers? A. He set up an environmental organization at school. B. He posted posters in community centers. C. He turned to his parents for wider support. D. He published stories in the school newspaper. 27. Why was a new recycling center built near the beach? A. To honor volunteers for their work. B. To provide equipment for Jake’s club. C. To stop rubbish from flowing into the sea. D. To call on more locals to take part in cleaning. 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 【解析】文章主要讲述了14岁少年杰克参与海滩清理志愿活动，从救助海龟到带动社区环保的成长故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“He went there, thinking he would only spend a few hours picking up trash and then go home.(他去那里时，原以为只需花几个小时捡拾垃圾然后回家)”可知，杰克最初参加海滩项目的计划是捡几个小时垃圾就离开。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the turtle swam back into the clear water, Jake felt a strong sense of purpose.(当海龟游回清澈的海水中时，杰克感受到了一种强烈的使命感)”可知，海龟回归大海时，杰克感到自豪且充满了目标感。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Later, he started an environmental club at school to encourage more teenagers to care for the sea and protect wildlife.(后来，他在学校成立了一个环保俱乐部，以鼓励更多青少年关心海洋并保护野生动物)”可知，杰克通过在校园建立环保组织来影响更多青少年。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The government even built a new recycling center near the beach to reduce waste from reaching the ocean.(政府甚至在海滩附近新建了一个回收中心，以减少垃圾流入海洋)”可知，新建回收中心的目的是阻断垃圾入海路径。 C （新语境）Civita, the dying town Some 120 kilometers north of Rome, street signs along the road tell drivers they’re bound for “the dying town” Civita di Bagnoregio. The village stands on a declining plateau(高原). It has gone through landslides(泥石流), earthquakes, and erosion (腐蚀) since humans’ first settlement about 2, 500 years ago. Nowadays Civita has been reduced to only 90 by 150 meters. In the Middle Ages, the size of the plateau was three times its size nowadays, and the population was over 3, 000, yet the river surrounding Civita gradually made the town collapse from the bottom up. Since 1695, when a destructive earthquake took place in Civita, many people were forced to escape from their hometown, and the population there has never recovered. By the 1920s, there were merely 600 residents in the town. Currently, there are only about 10 residents. What a small population it has! The survival of Civita is uncertain. However, as the news that the town was about to disappear started to widely spread, more and more people wanted to visit it. Now up to 10,000 people visit Civita per day. And there is doubt as to whether it is dying. The flood of people and money leads to natives longing for the rescue of the town. Yet the actual situation in Civita is that there are no grocery stores, hardware, or convenience stores. People living there can only have access to a handful of restaurants and tourist shops. Besides, they have to get supplies through a narrow, 300-meter-long bridge that connects them to the outside world. Today, Civita is pursuing a UNESCO World Heritage designation, in order to earn official recognition of its landscape and adaptability to nature. Recently, the town presented a 242-page document to the UNESCO, hoping that it will help strengthen Civita’s role as a site of historical and cultural significance. Also, Civitas UNESCO team plans to create tourist attractions in the surrounding towns. If Civita recovers successfully, other towns in the same situation could find a direction based on its experience. 28. What has made Civita become smaller? A. The inconvenient transport. B. The natural conditions. C. The settlement of humans. D. The decrease of the population. 29. Why do so many visitors flood in Civita every day? A. Because they want to rescue it. B. Because they are attracted by its scenery. C. Because they are interested in its natives. D. Because they want to catch the last chance to see it. 30. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The stores in the town. B. The daily activities of local people. C. The living conditions in the town. D. The appearance of the town. 31. Which word can best describe the possible future of Civita? A. Hopeful. B. Unchangeable. C. Disappointing. D. Doubtful. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是一个快要消失的城镇——Civita。文中叙述了城镇消失的主要原因、城里的生活状况以及Civita正在寻求联合国教科文组织的世界遗产认定，以获得官方对其景观和自然适应性的认可。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The village stands on a declining plateau(高原). It has gone through landslides(泥石流), earthquakes, and erosion (腐蚀) since humans’ first settlement about 2, 500 years ago. Nowadays Civita has been reduced to only 90 by 150 meters.”（这个村庄坐落在一个逐渐下降的高原上。自2500年前人类第一次定居以来，这里经历了山体滑坡、地震和侵蚀。现在Civita已经缩小到只有90乘150米。）由此可知，“自然条件”让Civita变得更小。故选B。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The survival of Civita is uncertain. However, as the news that the town was about to disappear started to widely spread, more and more people wanted to visit it. Now up to 10,000 people visit Civita per day. And there is doubt as to whether it is dying.”（Civita的生存是不确定的。然而，随着小镇即将消失的消息开始广泛传播，越来越多的人想去参观它。现在，每天有多达1万人访问Civita。人们怀疑它是否正在消失。）由此可知，每天之所以都有这么多游客涌入Civita，是因为他们想抓住最后的机会去看。故选D。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Yet the actual situation in Civita is that there are no grocery stores, hardware, or convenience stores. People living there can only have access to a handful of restaurants and tourist shops. Besides, they have to get supplies through a narrow, 300-meter-long bridge that connects them to the outside world.”（然而Civita的实际情况是没有杂货店、五金店或便利店。住在那里的人只能去几家餐馆和旅游商店。此外，他们还必须通过一座连接他们与外部世界的300米长的狭窄桥梁来获取物资。）由此可知，第四段讲述的是“城里的生活状况”。故选C。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Today, Civita is pursuing a UNESCO World Heritage designation, in order to earn official recognition of its landscape and adaptability to nature. Recently, the town presented a 242-page document to the UNESCO, hoping that it will help strengthen Civita’s role as a site of historical and cultural significance. Also, Civitas UNESCO team plans to create tourist attractions in the surrounding towns.”（今天，Civita正在寻求联合国教科文组织的世界遗产认定，以获得官方对其景观和自然适应性的认可。最近，该镇向联合国教科文组织提交了一份242页的文件，希望它能帮助加强Civita作为一个具有历史和文化意义的遗址的作用。此外，Civitas的联合国教科文组织团队计划在周边城镇创建旅游景点。）由此可知， Civita的未来是“充满希望的”。故选A。 D （热门话题）Like many quiet retirement homes, The Terraces is a peaceful place for elderly people who can no longer travel far or take exciting adventures. However, they can easily relive their old dreams of travelling and fun with virtual (虚拟的) reality (VR) headsets (耳机). Workers in this Los Gatos community often arrange time to let many elders in their eighties and nineties try this new device in turn. In just a few minutes, the VR equipment can take them to different amazing places. They can enjoy beautiful sights in Europe, explore the deep sea or experience exciting flying trips while sitting comfortably together. A company in Somerville designs such wonderful VR programs. It has widely used this technology to help elders keep clear minds and make more close friends in hundreds of retirement homes across America and Canada. During colorful VR activities, elders always have great fun. Some move their arms actively as if swimming with lovely dolphins. Others feel amazed or a little nervous when taking a virtual hot-air balloon trip. What’s more, VR can take elders straight back to their childhood hometowns, bringing back countless warm old memories. This special experience easily draws shy elders out of their own world and becomes a popular chatting topic among them, greatly improving their daily communication. Now scientists have found proper VR use can protect elders’ brain power, improve their memory and reduce feelings of loneliness. Experts remind people not to spend too much time looking at screens, but using VR wisely brings plenty of health and social benefits. It is also much easier for elders to use simple VR headsets than operate complex smart phones. This technology also helps elders get along better with younger family members. More companies keep improving warm VR services for the elderly. It even gently helps elders with memory problems feel relaxed and joyful, waking up their sweet past memories. All in all, VR has become a meaningful and popular way to enrich elders’ dull daily life and connect different people closely. 32. What is the main use of the VR headsets? A. To improve the elders’ condition. B. To aid the elders to learn new living skills. C. To help the elders experience various travels. D. To design new VR programs for the elders. 33. How does VR help the shy elders according to paragraph 3? A. It helps them go back to retirement homes. B. It creates chances for them to communicate. C. It teaches them to use smart phones correctly. D. It offers them many different writing topics. 34. What can we know about VR technology? A. It can help treat illnesses. B. Its uses are quite limited. C. It benefits elders in many ways. D. Its future remains uncertain. 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 【解析】文章主要介绍了VR技术如何帮助老年人体验旅行、改善社交、保护大脑健康并增进与家人的联系。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, they can easily relive their old dreams of travelling and fun with virtual (虚拟的) reality (VR) headsets (耳机). (然而，他们可以通过虚拟现实头盔轻松重温他们曾经的旅行和乐趣梦想)”以及第二段“In just a few minutes, the VR equipment can take them to different amazing places. (只需几分钟，VR设备就能带他们去不同奇妙的地方)”可知，VR头盔的主要用途是帮助老年人体验各种旅行。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This special experience easily draws shy elders out of their own world and becomes a popular chatting topic among them, greatly improving their daily communication. (这种特殊的体验很容易将害羞的老年人从他们自己的世界中拉出来，并成为他们之间热门的话题，极大地改善了他们的日常交流)”可知，VR为害羞的老年人创造了交流的机会。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Now scientists have found proper VR use can protect elders’ brain power, improve their memory and reduce feelings of loneliness. (现在科学家发现，适当使用VR可以保护老年人的脑力，改善他们的记忆力，减少孤独感)”以及第五段“It even gently helps elders with memory problems feel relaxed and joyful, waking up their sweet past memories. (它甚至温和地帮助有记忆问题的老年人感到放松和快乐，唤醒他们甜蜜的过去回忆)”可知，VR技术在许多方面使老年人受益。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （新语境） Strategies to Stay Healthy in Winter The winter months present many health challenges, from meeting more viruses (病毒) to doing less exercise in physical activity due to cold weather. ____35____ The following strategies provide a detailed road map for staying healthy throughout the winter. Maintain exercising regularly. Exercise is a powerful tool in improving the immune (免疫) system and driving off illnesses. A review in the Journal of Sport and Health Science shows how regular physical activity reduces the risk of developing diseases like the common cold and flu. Winter-friendly exercises can include indoor activities such as cycling, yoga, strength training, or even dancing. ____36____ Eat healthy food. Healthy food plays a key role in immune function. As such, your diet should include fruits, vegetables, high-quality meat, and foods rich in vitamins like C and D and minerals. ____37____ Additionally, drinking enough water is of great importance, even in winter, for maintaining body functions and food intake. Aim for at least eight 8-ounce glasses of water daily. Keep in touch with others. ____38____ And it can in turn influence physical health. A study found a strong connection between social relationships and mortality risk, showing the importance of social connections for general health. Even in cold months, stay connected with others, whether face-to-face or virtually. ____39____ Sleep serves purposes beyond rest. It’s a necessity for a strong immune system. Research in the Journal of Experimental Medicine showed that a good night’s sleep can strengthen the body to fight against viruses better. Adults should aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep per night. Improve sleep quality by creating a quiet sleep environment, having a regular bedtime, and limiting screen time before bed. A. Focus on good sleep. B. Cut your sleep time properly. C. Socializing contributes to mental health. D. And you may become inactive for lack of these minerals. E. Making a fitness plan to prevent sickness is of great importance. F. These help your immune system and keep you away from illness. G. You can also try changing them and adding new activities regularly. 【答案】35. E 36. G 37. F 38. C 39. A 【解析】文章主要介绍了冬季保持身体健康的四类实用策略：坚持锻炼、健康饮食、维系社交以及保证优质睡眠。 【35题详解】 前文“The winter months present many health challenges, from meeting more viruses to doing less exercise in physical activity due to cold weather. (冬季会带来诸多健康方面的挑战，既要面对更多病毒，又会因为天气寒冷而运动量减少。)”讲冬天会面临很多健康难题，后文“The following strategies provide a detailed road map for staying healthy throughout the winter. (下面这些策略，为我们整个冬季保持身体健康提供了详尽的可行方案。)”引出下文健康策略，E选项“Making a fitness plan to prevent sickness is of great importance. (制定健身计划来预防疾病十分重要。)”承接冬天的健康难题，引出后文对策，符合语境。 【36题详解】 前文“Winter-friendly exercises can include indoor activities such as cycling, yoga, strength training, or even dancing. (适合冬季的运动可以是室内项目，例如骑行、瑜伽、力量训练，甚至跳舞。)”列举多种冬季室内运动。G选项“You can also try changing them and adding new activities regularly. (你也可以尝试变换它们，定期增加新的活动。)”中的them指代前面各类室内运动，顺承运动话题，衔接自然。 【37题详解】 根据前文“Eat healthy food. Healthy food plays a key role in immune function. As such, your diet should include fruits, vegetables, high-quality meat, and foods rich in vitamins like C and D and minerals. (健康饮食。健康的饮食对免疫功能起到关键作用。因此，你的日常饮食应当包含水果、蔬菜、优质肉类，以及富含维生素C、维生素D和各类矿物质的食物。)”可知，本段主题是健康饮食，空前提到饮食要摄入果蔬、肉类、维生素矿物质。F选项“These help your immune system and keep you away from illness. (这些可以助力你的免疫系统，帮你远离疾病。)”中的these指代前面各类健康食物，对前文的健康饮食的作用进行总结，符合逻辑。 【38题详解】 后文“And it can in turn influence physical health. A study found a strong connection between social relationships and mortality risk, showing the importance of social connections for general health. Even in cold months, stay connected with others, whether face-to-face or virtually. (而它反过来又会影响身体健康。一项研究发现，社交关系和死亡风险之间存在紧密关联，这体现出社交对整体健康的重要意义。即便天气寒冷，也要和他人保持联系，可以线下见面，也可以线上沟通。)”点明社交关系对健康的重要性，C选项“Socializing contributes to mental health. (社交有助于心理健康。)”对应后文的“反过来影响身体健康”，形成递进逻辑。 【39题详解】 空处是本段的主题句，根据后文“Sleep serves purposes beyond rest. It’s a necessity for a strong immune system. Research in the Journal of Experimental Medicine showed that a good night’s sleep can strengthen the body to fight against viruses better. Adults should aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep per night. Improve sleep quality by creating a quiet sleep environment, having a regular bedtime, and limiting screen time before bed. (睡眠的作用不只是休息。想要拥有强大的免疫系统，睡眠必不可少。《实验医学杂志》的研究表明，良好的夜间睡眠可以让身体更好地抵御病毒。成年人每晚应当保证79小时的高质量睡眠。营造安静的睡眠环境、固定就寝时间、睡前少看电子屏幕，以此提升睡眠质量。)”可知，本段围绕睡眠对免疫系统的作用、成年人的睡眠时长、提升睡眠质量的方法展开，A选项“Focus on good sleep. (注重优质睡眠。)”准确概括段落核心，适合作为主题句。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 （新语境）A neighbor once told me that he often dresses, ties his shoelaces, drags his toothbrush around, starts the car, drives down the parkway, and arrives at his office without much mental effort; this sometimes alarms him. Yet we all do it. We all have days where we go through the motions like an automaton. Scientists explain this “zombie-like” state with something called the default mode network (DMN). It is a group of brain areas in the prefrontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. Researchers from Washington University first studied it in the early 2000s. They found that the DMN becomes active when we are not focused on a specific task. It helps prevent the brain from becoming overloaded and allows the mind to wander. The default mode actually protects us. It saves energy by letting us complete simple, repetitive tasks — such as sweeping the floor or washing dishes — without thinking too hard. This is also because of heuristics, which are mental shortcuts that help us make quick decisions. For example, financial workers often use heuristics to judge whether they should buy or sell stocks. These shortcuts allow the brain to work faster without using too much effort. Two researchers, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, showed that people often make quick judgments, especially when they feel uncertain. Besides using shortcuts, our brain also performs basic tasks automatically. Walking, riding a bicycle, or washing dishes can be done without full attention because our bodies rely on muscle memory. However, letting the brain stay on autopilot during important tasks — like driving — can be dangerous. Many drivers experience moments of mind-wandering, especially when close to home, and this can lead to accidents. Our autopilot can also appear during conversations. Sometimes we nod along even though we are not really listening. The DMN also stores daydreams, memories, and imaginations. While some are helpful or creative, others bring negative thoughts such as worry, anxiety, or self-criticism. When negative thinking repeats again and again, it can trap us in a cycle of stress. To stop autopilot, we can practice mindfulness, which means staying aware of the present moment. For example, when eating an apple, we can pay attention to its taste, smell, and texture instead of thinking about other things. We can also fully listen when someone speaks or notice the trees while walking. 40．What is the function of the default mode network (DMN)? 41．Why can walking or riding a bicycle be done automatically? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The default mode network (DMN) is dangerous because it makes our brain work on autopilot, which always leads to negative results. 43．How can we avoid the negative effects of being on autopilot in daily life? Explain your suggestion. (In about 40 words) 【答案】40．It prevents the brain from becoming overloaded and allows the mind to wander. 41．Because our bodies rely on muscle memory. 42．The false part: always leads to negative results Explanation: The DMN is protective in most cases and only causes risks when used in important tasks. 43．We can practice mindfulness by focusing on the present, like paying attention to food taste or fully listening to others. It helps us stay aware and avoid autopilot. 【导语】本文介绍大脑默认模式网络（DMN）的概念、功能、利弊，以及如何通过正念练习避免其带来的负面影响。 【详解】40．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“It helps prevent the brain from becoming overloaded and allows the mind to wander(它有助于防止大脑超负荷，并让思绪自由漫游)”可推知，DMN 的功能是防止大脑超负荷、让思绪漫游。 41．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“because our bodies rely on muscle memory(因为我们的身体依靠肌肉记忆)”可知，走路、骑车能无意识完成是因为肌肉记忆。 42．考查推理判断。根据文章第三段“The default mode actually protects us(默认模式实际上保护我们)”及第四段“letting the brain stay on autopilot during important tasks — like driving — can be dangerous(在完成驾驶这类重要任务时，让大脑处于“自动模式”会很危险。)”可推知，DMN 并非总带来负面结果，题干中“always leads to negative results”表述错误。 因为“默认模式网络（DMN）在大多数情况下具有保护作用，仅在用于重要任务时才会带来风险。” 43．开放试题。根据文章第六段“we can practice mindfulness, which means staying aware of the present moment(我们可以练习正念，即专注于当下)”可知，我们可以通过专注于当下进行正念练习，比如留意食物的味道、认真倾听他人说话。这能帮助我们保持清醒，避免进入大脑自动模式。 第二节（20分） 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 最近来信分享了他的高中新生活和他理想的生活方式，请你用英文给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你现在的高中生活； 2．你的理想生活方式； 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, Glad to receive your letter, in which you talked about your new highschool life and your ideal lifestyle. Now I’m writing to share mine with you. As a senior one student, I’m busy with different subjects and afterschool activities. Though I am busy, my school life is rewarding. My ideal lifestyle is to live a balanced life: study hard meanwhile enjoy my spare time. I hope to gain knowledge and keep physically healthy as well. To realize it, I will make practical study plans. Besides finishing school tasks, I will stick to doing sports regularly and develop some hobbies to relax myself. What about your further plans? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】本篇书面表达要求考生用英文给Jim写一封邮件，介绍自身高中生活和理想生活方式。 【详解】1.词汇积累 忙于：be busy with→ be occupied with 收获：gain→ obtain 有意义的：rewarding→ significant 坚持：stick to→ insist on 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To realize it, I will make practical study plans. 拓展句：I will make practical study plans so that I can realize it. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Glad to receive your letter, in which you talked about your new highschool life and your ideal lifestyle.（运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Though I am busy, my school life is rewarding.（运用了Though引导的让步状语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高一英语上学期开学模拟卷03（北京市适用） （时间：90分钟 满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a student planning to study management, I realised that classroom alone wouldn’t be enough to fully prepare me for the challenges from the world. Eager to gain market-related experience before university, I stepped into the world of 1 this summer. I noticed a problem in my community: the electricity supply was not 2 , often being insufficient and leading to frequent power cuts that affected daily life. This created a clear need for a charging station, so I decided to open one to 3 the issue. What started as a way to prepare myself for college quickly turned into a meaningful project, shaping my understanding of how business can not only 4 practical needs but also make a lasting impact in a community. The response to my business was 5 . On the first three days alone, I made $406. That initial success was more than just encouraging — it was 6 that I was solving a real problem and that the market was there for my services. Seeing people stream into the center, grateful for the charging service, 7 my belief that business is about addressing needs and serving others. The journey of starting this business was not without challenges. When I needed 8 to start the business, I negotiated with my relatives to give me two cows, which I then sold to raise funds. I also 9 technical skills to handle the electrical work myself, which reduced my startup costs. Today, the charging center is alive with activities. The skills I’ve acquired will certainly serve me well as I begin my university journey. Looking back, I can see how these 10 lessons have set a stage for the future. 1．A．medicine B．literature C．business D．science 2．A．reliable B．private C．affordable D．renewable 3．A．discuss B．raise C．report D．address 4．A．promote B．replace C．meet D．guide 5．A．disappointing B．incredible C．strange D．embarrassing 6．A．proof B．doubt C．hope D．fear 7．A．confused B．challenged C．confirmed D．changed 8．A．income B．capital C．price D．profit 9．A．run out of B．got rid of C．reflected on D．drew on 10．A．practical B．classic C．familiar D．cultural 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A （原创题）On bright sunny weekends, many teenagers in Beijing choose hiking as a great way to relax themselves. Mike and several of his classmates often head for the hills on the outskirts of the city. They prepare different kinds of __11__ (bag) to carry water, fruits and snacks before they set off. Last Saturday, __12__ unexpected heavy wind blew on their way up the hill. Mike kept calm and reminded __13__ (he) friends to stay close together for safety. After slow and careful climbing, they finally reached __14__ top of the hill and enjoyed the fantastic view of distant Beijing city. B （原创题）Lucy is a GradeOne high school student living in Beijing. She has joined the school environmental club since this term. In her spare time, she walks around local community parks and notices some small environmental problems around her. She often wonders __15__ she can do to make Beijing a cleaner and more beautiful city. Club activities are really __16__ (mean) for her personal growth. Last Friday, the whole club __17__ (plant) young trees along the river not far from their school campus. C （原创题）For teenagers living in Beijing, good living habits matter greatly __18__ their study and daily life. Heavy schoolwork often brings much pressure, so useful small habits can help them keep balanced life states. A regular timetable and proper exercise will make you feel much __19__ (good) when you face heavy learning tasks. We should regard these tiny good habits __20__ a valuable treasure and keep following them day after day. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，共38分） 第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Below are places for meaningful journeys into nature, history and culture. Austrian Alps Since 2008, 36 villages in Central Europe’s Eastern Alps have banded together to promote their communities to the travelers in the world who are interested in mountain hiking, biking, and climbing, as well as winter sports like cross-country skiing and ice climbing. The villagers put great emphasis on green mountain tourism. For example, they refuse large tourist projects like huge ski sites and cable cars. Hikers usually stay in farmers’ houses and try traditional foods after a long day in the mountains. Longmen Grottoes Running for about 1,000 meters along the Yi River in China’s Henan Province and carved between the 5th and 8th centuries, Longmen Grottoes features over 2,300 caves which are home to more than 100,000 Buddha (佛像) statues. As one of the four most famous grottoes in China, it offers invaluable information about the politics, economy, and spirituality of its time. Appian Way If all roads lead to Rome, this ancient highway built 2,300 years ago is the mother of them all. Stretching for 360 miles from the heart of Italy’s capital to the seaport of Brindisi on the Adriatic, the ancient road, which symbolizes the ups and downs of the Roman Empire, has been rebuilt for modern travelers, with stops at scenic villages and historical sites. Hadrian’s Wall Starting to be built in the second century, Hadrian’s Wall once marked the rule of the Roman Empire in the UK. Things have changed over the past two thousand years. But the 73-mile-long wall continues to attract visitors. This year, soldiers dressed in Roman uniforms will once again patrol （巡逻） along the rebuilt wall. 21. What is the destination in Austrian Alps known for? A. Sea beaches. B. Local foods. C. Huge skiing sites. D. Modern hotels. 22. When was the earliest cave in Longmen Grottoes built? A. In the second century. B. In the fourth century. C. In the fifth century. D. In the eighth century. 23. What do the last two attractions have in common? A. They are located in the UK. B. They connect the capital to the seaport. C. They were used by the army. D. They are related to the Roman Empire. B Last summer, 14-year-old Jake joined a beach cleanup volunteer program in his town. He went there, thinking he would only spend a few hours picking up trash and then go home. On his first day at the beach, Jake and other volunteers saw a small sea turtle tangled in plastic netting. The turtle could not move and looked helpless. Working gently and carefully, they slowly cut the netting away and set it free. When the turtle swam back into the clear water, Jake felt a strong sense of purpose. He realized that his small actions could truly help living things in nature and make a real difference. After that, Jake returned to the beach every weekend without delay. He invited his friends to join him and organized regular clean-up events for the whole community. He also gave small talks at school to teach other students about the harm of ocean pollution. Later, he started an environmental club at school to encourage more teenagers to care for the sea and protect wildlife. By the end of the summer, Jake and his club members had cleared more than 500 pounds of rubbish from the beach. Local people and officials were greatly moved by their efforts. The government even built a new recycling center near the beach to reduce waste from reaching the ocean. Jake said that he had learned a meaningful lesson: small actions can create huge influence. He believes that protecting the planet is not just for adults but for everyone, including young students. 24. What did Jake originally plan to do when he took part in the beach program? A. Save trapped sea turtles on the beach B. Pick up rubbish for several hours and leave C. Set up an environmental club at school D. Give speeches about ocean pollution 25. What was Jake’s feeling when the sea turtle swam back into the water? A. Helpless and surprised. B. Shocked and worried. C. Calm and relieved. D. Proud and purposeful. 26. What did Jake do to influence more teenagers? A. He set up an environmental organization at school. B. He posted posters in community centers. C. He turned to his parents for wider support. D. He published stories in the school newspaper. 27. Why was a new recycling center built near the beach? A. To honor volunteers for their work. B. To provide equipment for Jake’s club. C. To stop rubbish from flowing into the sea. D. To call on more locals to take part in cleaning. C （新语境）Civita, the dying town Some 120 kilometers north of Rome, street signs along the road tell drivers they’re bound for “the dying town” Civita di Bagnoregio. The village stands on a declining plateau(高原). It has gone through landslides(泥石流), earthquakes, and erosion (腐蚀) since humans’ first settlement about 2, 500 years ago. Nowadays Civita has been reduced to only 90 by 150 meters. In the Middle Ages, the size of the plateau was three times its size nowadays, and the population was over 3, 000, yet the river surrounding Civita gradually made the town collapse from the bottom up. Since 1695, when a destructive earthquake took place in Civita, many people were forced to escape from their hometown, and the population there has never recovered. By the 1920s, there were merely 600 residents in the town. Currently, there are only about 10 residents. What a small population it has! The survival of Civita is uncertain. However, as the news that the town was about to disappear started to widely spread, more and more people wanted to visit it. Now up to 10,000 people visit Civita per day. And there is doubt as to whether it is dying. The flood of people and money leads to natives longing for the rescue of the town. Yet the actual situation in Civita is that there are no grocery stores, hardware, or convenience stores. People living there can only have access to a handful of restaurants and tourist shops. Besides, they have to get supplies through a narrow, 300-meter-long bridge that connects them to the outside world. Today, Civita is pursuing a UNESCO World Heritage designation, in order to earn official recognition of its landscape and adaptability to nature. Recently, the town presented a 242-page document to the UNESCO, hoping that it will help strengthen Civita’s role as a site of historical and cultural significance. Also, Civitas UNESCO team plans to create tourist attractions in the surrounding towns. If Civita recovers successfully, other towns in the same situation could find a direction based on its experience. 28. What has made Civita become smaller? A. The inconvenient transport. B. The natural conditions. C. The settlement of humans. D. The decrease of the population. 29. Why do so many visitors flood in Civita every day? A. Because they want to rescue it. B. Because they are attracted by its scenery. C. Because they are interested in its natives. D. Because they want to catch the last chance to see it. 30. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The stores in the town. B. The daily activities of local people. C. The living conditions in the town. D. The appearance of the town. 31. Which word can best describe the possible future of Civita? A. Hopeful. B. Unchangeable. C. Disappointing. D. Doubtful. D （热门话题）Like many quiet retirement homes, The Terraces is a peaceful place for elderly people who can no longer travel far or take exciting adventures. However, they can easily relive their old dreams of travelling and fun with virtual (虚拟的) reality (VR) headsets (耳机). Workers in this Los Gatos community often arrange time to let many elders in their eighties and nineties try this new device in turn. In just a few minutes, the VR equipment can take them to different amazing places. They can enjoy beautiful sights in Europe, explore the deep sea or experience exciting flying trips while sitting comfortably together. A company in Somerville designs such wonderful VR programs. It has widely used this technology to help elders keep clear minds and make more close friends in hundreds of retirement homes across America and Canada. During colorful VR activities, elders always have great fun. Some move their arms actively as if swimming with lovely dolphins. Others feel amazed or a little nervous when taking a virtual hot-air balloon trip. What’s more, VR can take elders straight back to their childhood hometowns, bringing back countless warm old memories. This special experience easily draws shy elders out of their own world and becomes a popular chatting topic among them, greatly improving their daily communication. Now scientists have found proper VR use can protect elders’ brain power, improve their memory and reduce feelings of loneliness. Experts remind people not to spend too much time looking at screens, but using VR wisely brings plenty of health and social benefits. It is also much easier for elders to use simple VR headsets than operate complex smart phones. This technology also helps elders get along better with younger family members. More companies keep improving warm VR services for the elderly. It even gently helps elders with memory problems feel relaxed and joyful, waking up their sweet past memories. All in all, VR has become a meaningful and popular way to enrich elders’ dull daily life and connect different people closely. 32. What is the main use of the VR headsets? A. To improve the elders’ condition. B. To aid the elders to learn new living skills. C. To help the elders experience various travels. D. To design new VR programs for the elders. 33. How does VR help the shy elders according to paragraph 3? A. It helps them go back to retirement homes. B. It creates chances for them to communicate. C. It teaches them to use smart phones correctly. D. It offers them many different writing topics. 34. What can we know about VR technology? A. It can help treat illnesses. B. Its uses are quite limited. C. It benefits elders in many ways. D. Its future remains uncertain. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （新语境） Strategies to Stay Healthy in Winter The winter months present many health challenges, from meeting more viruses (病毒) to doing less exercise in physical activity due to cold weather. ____35____ The following strategies provide a detailed road map for staying healthy throughout the winter. Maintain exercising regularly. Exercise is a powerful tool in improving the immune (免疫) system and driving off illnesses. A review in the Journal of Sport and Health Science shows how regular physical activity reduces the risk of developing diseases like the common cold and flu. Winter-friendly exercises can include indoor activities such as cycling, yoga, strength training, or even dancing. ____36____ Eat healthy food. Healthy food plays a key role in immune function. As such, your diet should include fruits, vegetables, high-quality meat, and foods rich in vitamins like C and D and minerals. ____37____ Additionally, drinking enough water is of great importance, even in winter, for maintaining body functions and food intake. Aim for at least eight 8-ounce glasses of water daily. Keep in touch with others. ____38____ And it can in turn influence physical health. A study found a strong connection between social relationships and mortality risk, showing the importance of social connections for general health. Even in cold months, stay connected with others, whether face-to-face or virtually. ____39____ Sleep serves purposes beyond rest. It’s a necessity for a strong immune system. Research in the Journal of Experimental Medicine showed that a good night’s sleep can strengthen the body to fight against viruses better. Adults should aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep per night. Improve sleep quality by creating a quiet sleep environment, having a regular bedtime, and limiting screen time before bed. A. Focus on good sleep. B. Cut your sleep time properly. C. Socializing contributes to mental health. D. And you may become inactive for lack of these minerals. E. Making a fitness plan to prevent sickness is of great importance. F. These help your immune system and keep you away from illness. G. You can also try changing them and adding new activities regularly. 【答案】35. E 36. G 37. F 38. C 39. A 【解析】文章主要介绍了冬季保持身体健康的四类实用策略：坚持锻炼、健康饮食、维系社交以及保证优质睡眠。 【35题详解】 前文“The winter months present many health challenges, from meeting more viruses to doing less exercise in physical activity due to cold weather. (冬季会带来诸多健康方面的挑战，既要面对更多病毒，又会因为天气寒冷而运动量减少。)”讲冬天会面临很多健康难题，后文“The following strategies provide a detailed road map for staying healthy throughout the winter. (下面这些策略，为我们整个冬季保持身体健康提供了详尽的可行方案。)”引出下文健康策略，E选项“Making a fitness plan to prevent sickness is of great importance. (制定健身计划来预防疾病十分重要。)”承接冬天的健康难题，引出后文对策，符合语境。 【36题详解】 前文“Winter-friendly exercises can include indoor activities such as cycling, yoga, strength training, or even dancing. (适合冬季的运动可以是室内项目，例如骑行、瑜伽、力量训练，甚至跳舞。)”列举多种冬季室内运动。G选项“You can also try changing them and adding new activities regularly. (你也可以尝试变换它们，定期增加新的活动。)”中的them指代前面各类室内运动，顺承运动话题，衔接自然。 【37题详解】 根据前文“Eat healthy food. Healthy food plays a key role in immune function. As such, your diet should include fruits, vegetables, high-quality meat, and foods rich in vitamins like C and D and minerals. (健康饮食。健康的饮食对免疫功能起到关键作用。因此，你的日常饮食应当包含水果、蔬菜、优质肉类，以及富含维生素C、维生素D和各类矿物质的食物。)”可知，本段主题是健康饮食，空前提到饮食要摄入果蔬、肉类、维生素矿物质。F选项“These help your immune system and keep you away from illness. (这些可以助力你的免疫系统，帮你远离疾病。)”中的these指代前面各类健康食物，对前文的健康饮食的作用进行总结，符合逻辑。 【38题详解】 后文“And it can in turn influence physical health. A study found a strong connection between social relationships and mortality risk, showing the importance of social connections for general health. Even in cold months, stay connected with others, whether face-to-face or virtually. (而它反过来又会影响身体健康。一项研究发现，社交关系和死亡风险之间存在紧密关联，这体现出社交对整体健康的重要意义。即便天气寒冷，也要和他人保持联系，可以线下见面，也可以线上沟通。)”点明社交关系对健康的重要性，C选项“Socializing contributes to mental health. (社交有助于心理健康。)”对应后文的“反过来影响身体健康”，形成递进逻辑。 【39题详解】 空处是本段的主题句，根据后文“Sleep serves purposes beyond rest. It’s a necessity for a strong immune system. Research in the Journal of Experimental Medicine showed that a good night’s sleep can strengthen the body to fight against viruses better. Adults should aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep per night. Improve sleep quality by creating a quiet sleep environment, having a regular bedtime, and limiting screen time before bed. (睡眠的作用不只是休息。想要拥有强大的免疫系统，睡眠必不可少。《实验医学杂志》的研究表明，良好的夜间睡眠可以让身体更好地抵御病毒。成年人每晚应当保证79小时的高质量睡眠。营造安静的睡眠环境、固定就寝时间、睡前少看电子屏幕，以此提升睡眠质量。)”可知，本段围绕睡眠对免疫系统的作用、成年人的睡眠时长、提升睡眠质量的方法展开，A选项“Focus on good sleep. (注重优质睡眠。)”准确概括段落核心，适合作为主题句。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 （新语境）A neighbor once told me that he often dresses, ties his shoelaces, drags his toothbrush around, starts the car, drives down the parkway, and arrives at his office without much mental effort; this sometimes alarms him. Yet we all do it. We all have days where we go through the motions like an automaton. Scientists explain this “zombie-like” state with something called the default mode network (DMN). It is a group of brain areas in the prefrontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. Researchers from Washington University first studied it in the early 2000s. They found that the DMN becomes active when we are not focused on a specific task. It helps prevent the brain from becoming overloaded and allows the mind to wander. The default mode actually protects us. It saves energy by letting us complete simple, repetitive tasks — such as sweeping the floor or washing dishes — without thinking too hard. This is also because of heuristics, which are mental shortcuts that help us make quick decisions. For example, financial workers often use heuristics to judge whether they should buy or sell stocks. These shortcuts allow the brain to work faster without using too much effort. Two researchers, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, showed that people often make quick judgments, especially when they feel uncertain. Besides using shortcuts, our brain also performs basic tasks automatically. Walking, riding a bicycle, or washing dishes can be done without full attention because our bodies rely on muscle memory. However, letting the brain stay on autopilot during important tasks — like driving — can be dangerous. Many drivers experience moments of mind-wandering, especially when close to home, and this can lead to accidents. Our autopilot can also appear during conversations. Sometimes we nod along even though we are not really listening. The DMN also stores daydreams, memories, and imaginations. While some are helpful or creative, others bring negative thoughts such as worry, anxiety, or self-criticism. When negative thinking repeats again and again, it can trap us in a cycle of stress. To stop autopilot, we can practice mindfulness, which means staying aware of the present moment. For example, when eating an apple, we can pay attention to its taste, smell, and texture instead of thinking about other things. We can also fully listen when someone speaks or notice the trees while walking. 40．What is the function of the default mode network (DMN)? 41．Why can walking or riding a bicycle be done automatically? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The default mode network (DMN) is dangerous because it makes our brain work on autopilot, which always leads to negative results. 43．How can we avoid the negative effects of being on autopilot in daily life? Explain your suggestion. (In about 40 words) 第二节（20分） 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 最近来信分享了他的高中新生活和他理想的生活方式，请你用英文给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你现在的高中生活； 2．你的理想生活方式； 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试卷第1页，共3页 2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $