Unit 1 Back to School（知识清单）英语译林版必修第一册

该高中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了“Back to School”主题内容，涵盖词汇（阅读、写作、变形等分层）、语法（句子成分与五大基本句型）、写作（提案框架与实用句型）三大核心范畴，搭建从基础积累到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词汇变形表”关联词性变化，用“助记口诀”区分易混语法（如主系表与主谓宾补），写作板块提供“段首句-主体句-段尾句”框架及范文，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。易错点设“对点训练”，助力不同基础学生高效掌握，教师可据此设计精准教学活动，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 Back to School 词汇 一、阅读词汇： 1. n./adj.潜力；潜在的 2. n./vt.挑战；质疑 3. n.思维，思想 4. adj.积极乐观的 5. n.机会，时机 6. vt.获得，得到 7. n./v.进步；前进 8. adj.令人惊喜的 9. n.信心，把握 10. n.资源；谋略 11. n.设施，设备 12. adj.个人；单独的 13. adj.自主的；自立的 14. n.提议，建议 15. n.专业的；专业人士 16. adj.材料；物质的 17. n./vt.交换；交流 18. n.贡献；捐款 19. adv.幸运地 20.   n.书法，书法艺术 二、写作词汇： 1. adv. 幸运地 2. 存在于，在于 3. 能够处理，胜任 4. 获取知识/技能 5. 充分利用 6. n. 态度，看法 7. adj. 全面发展的 8. n. 性格；文字；角色 9. 提早 10. n. 思维 11. 对……有影响 12. ... 对……有信心 13. 与……平等；胜任…… 14. 详细地 15. 由于 16. 定期地 17. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 18. n. 提议 19. adj. 专业的 20. adj. 中学的，次要的 三、词汇变形： 1. senior adj. 年长的；级别高的 n. 较年长者；上级→ n. 年长；资历 2. opportunity/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. 机会；时机→ n. 机会主义者 adj. 机会主义的 3.acquire v. 获得；取得→ n. 获得；习得 4. effort n. 努力；尽力→ adj. 不费力的；轻松的 5. confidence n. 信心；信任→ adj. 自信的；有信心的 6. resource n. 资源；财力→ adj. 足智多谋的；资源丰富的 7.facility n. 设施；设备→相似词： v. 促进；使便利 8. equal adj. 相等的；平等的 v. 等于；比得上→ n. 平等；相等 9.balance n. 平衡；余额 v. 使平衡→ adj. 平衡的；均衡的 10.improve v. 改进；提高→ n. 改进；改善 11.individual adj. 个别的；单独的 n. 个人；个体→ n. 个性；个人特征 12.character n. 性格；品质；角色→ adj. 典型的；特有的 n. 特征；特点 13. responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的→ n. 责任；职责 14.independent adj. 独立的；自主的→ n. 独立；自主 15. base n. 底部；基础 v. 以……为基础→ adj. 基本的；基础的 16.remind v. 提醒；使想起→ n. 提醒物；提示 17. proposal n. 提议；建议→ v. 提议；建议；求婚 18.aim v. 瞄准；旨在 n. 目标；目的→ adj. 无目标的；无目的的 19. style n. 风格；样式 v. 设计；使具有某种风格→ adj. 时髦的；流行的 20. technique n. 技术；技巧→ adj. 技术的；专业的 21.professional adj. 职业的；专业的 n. 专业人员→ n. 职业；专业 22. material n. 材料；素材 adj. 物质的→ n. 唯物主义；物质主义 23. tough adj. 坚韧的；困难的→ n. 韧性；困难 24. alarm n. 警报；惊恐 v. 使惊恐；向……报警→ adj. 令人担忧的；使人惊恐的 25. attract v. 吸引；引起→ n. 吸引；吸引力→ adj.有魅力的,吸引人的 四、拓展词汇 1. adv.潜在地,可能地 2. adv.若有所思地,体贴地 3. 引起,导致 4. n.习得 5. adv.不费力地 6. n.惊讶,吃惊 7. adj.机密的,秘密的 8. adj.资源丰富的,机智的 9. vt.使便利,促进 10. n.不平衡,失衡,不公平 11. 一点也不 12. vt.描述,使有...特征 13. n.不负责任 14. 做吧,干吧,好吧 15. 提出,拿出 16. 向前移动,向前发展 17. 推进,抓紧进行 18. adj.可靠的,可信赖的 19. 由...引起 20. 从头到脚 21. 被困住 22. 提建议 23. n.生活方式 24. 遍及,到处 25. adj.选修的,可选择的 五、熟词生义 1. 存在于，在于 2. 能够处理 3. n.目标；进球得分 4. adj. 中学的；次要的 5. adj. 物质的，实际的 写作 句型 1. It lies in our attitude and hard work that we can realize our full potential. 译文：我们能够充分发挥潜力的关键在于我们的态度与努力。 2. Only when we rise to every challenge can we make the most of every opportunity in senior high school. 译文：只有我们能够应对每一个挑战，我们才能充分利用高中的每一次机会。 3. It is our duty to develop into wellrounded individuals and build up our confidence. 译文：成长为全面发展的个体并且树立信心是我们的责任。 4. As a result of making full use of school resources and facilities, we can acquire more knowledge and skills. 译文：由于充分利用学校的资源与设施，我们可以习得更多知识与技能。 5. What makes a difference to our highschool life is whether we have confidence in ourselves. 译文：对我们高中生活产生影响的是我们是否对自己抱有信心。 6. I’m writing to make a proposal that we should set up a new club to enrich our school life. 译文：我写信提出建议，我们应当成立一个新俱乐部来丰富我们的校园生活。 语法 句子成分和句子结构 写作 写一个创建校园俱乐部的提案 一、知识点精讲 1. potential n. & adj.潜力；可能性；潜在的，可能的 Senior high school is a new start, and every student has the potential to succeed.高中是一个新的起点，每个学生都有成功的潜力。 【固定搭配】 have/show the potential to do sth 有/展现做某事的潜力 potential for sth. ……的潜力 achieve/realize one's potential 发挥某人的潜力 potential customer/danger/risk 潜在客户/危险/风险 academic potential 学术潜力 【同义辨析】 potential 指潜在的、尚未发挥的潜力，强调未来可发展的空间，常作不可数名词或形容词。 She has the potential to become a great scientist. 她有成为伟大科学家的潜力。 possibility 指客观上的可能性，强调某事可能发生，可数，常用 there is a possibility that... There is a possibility of rain this afternoon. 今天下午有可能下雨。 latent 指潜在的、隐藏的，强调已存在但尚未显现，常修饰特质、疾病、危险等。 The virus remains latent in the body for years.这种病毒会在体内潜伏多年。 2. opportunity n. 机会，时机 Senior high offers you the opportunity to make new friends and try new things.高中为你提供了结交新朋友、尝试新事物的机会。 派生词：opportune adj. 合适的；适时的 近义词：chance n.机会 【固定搭配】 have an opportunity to do sth 有机会做某事 take/seize an opportunity 抓住机会 a golden opportunity 良机 3. acquire vt. 获得，得到 Reading is one of the best ways to acquire new vocabulary.阅读是习得新词汇的最佳途径之一。 【词汇拓展】 acquired（过去式/过去分词） acquiring（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 acquire knowledge/skills 获得知识/技能 acquire a habit 养成习惯 acquire a reputation 获得名声 【易混辨析】 acquire强调经过逐步积累而获得（知识、技能）；obtain较正式，强调通过努力或请求得到；gain强调得到有益的东西，常含“赢得”之意。 4. advance n. & vt. & vi.进步，进展；前进，行进；发展，进步 Science has made great advances in the past century.过去一个世纪科学取得了巨大进步。 【固定搭配】 in advance 提前；预先 make advances in 在……方面取得进展 advance towards 朝……前进 【同义辨析】 advance 指进步、进展或前进，可指具体的推进动作或科技发展，较正式，也可作动词。 Recent advances in medicine have saved many lives.医学上的最新进展挽救了许多生命。 progress 指进步、进展，强调渐进的、持续的改善过程，常作不可数名词。 The student has made great progress in English.这个学生在英语上取得了很大进步。 development 指发展、开发，强调从低级到高级的演变或新产品的研制，范围最广。 The development of AI is changing our lives人工智能的发展正在改变我们的生活。 5. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 It is amazing how much progress she has made in just one month.仅仅一个月她就取得这么大进步，真令人惊奇。 【词汇拓展】 amaze v. 使惊奇 amazement n. 惊奇；惊愕 amazingly adv. 令人惊奇地 amazed adj. 感到惊奇的 【固定搭配】 an amazing achievement 了不起的成就 It is amazing to do sth 做某事真令人惊奇 【易混辨析】 amazing修饰事物，意为“令人惊奇的”；amazed修饰人，意为“感到惊奇的”。类似的还有 exciting/excited、interesting/interested。 6. equal adj. & n. & linking v. & vt. 相等的；平等的；相当的；同等的人（物）；与……相等；比得上 Everyone is equal and should be treated with fairness and respect.人人平等，都应受到公平和尊重的对待。 【词汇拓展】 equally adv. 相等地；平等地；同样地 equality n. 平等；相等 equalize v. 使相等；使平等 【固定搭配】 be equal to sth 等于某物；能胜任某事 equal rights 平等的权利 equal sb in sth 在某方面比得上某人 【易错提醒】 be equal to中to是介词，后接名词或动名词，不接动词原形，如be equal to doing the task。 7. balance vt. & n. 同等重视；（使）保持平衡；权衡重要性；均衡，平衡；平衡能力 It is necessary to balance study and rest to stay healthy.保持学习和休息的平衡对健康很有必要。 变形：balanced adj. 均衡的；平衡的 【固定搭配】 keep a balance between A and B 保持A与B的平衡 balance work and play 平衡学习与娱乐 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 8. individual n. & adj.个人；单独的，个别的 Good teachers respect each individual and value different opinions.好老师尊重每个个体，重视不同的观点。 【词汇拓展】 individually adv. 分别地；各自地 individualism n. 个人主义 【固定搭配】 individual needs 个人需求 each individual 每个人 individual style 个人风格 【同义辨析】 individual 指个别的；个人的，强调与群体相对的个体，可作名词指个人。 Recent advances in medicine have saved many lives.医学上的最新进展挽救了许多生命。 personal 指个人的、私人的，强调属于本人、涉及隐私，如personal opinion The student has made great progress in English.这个学生在英语上取得了很大进步。 single 指单个的、单一的，强调数量上只有一个，常用于否定句加强语气。 She didn't say a single word during the meeting.她在会上一言不发。 9. responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的 As class monitor, she is responsible for organizing class activities.作为班长，她负责组织班级活动。 【词汇拓展】 responsibility n. 责任；职责 responsibly adv. 负责地；可靠地 【固定搭配】 a sense of responsibility 责任感 be responsible for 对……负责；是……的原因 hold sb responsible for 让某人对……负责 【易错提醒】 be responsible for (doing) sth，介词用 for，后接名词或动名词，不接不定式。 10. fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏 Fortunately, the teacher noticed my problem and gave me a hand.幸运的是，老师注意到了我的困难并帮了我一把。 【词汇拓展】 fortunate adj. 幸运的 fortune n. 运气；财富 【同义辨析】 fortunately 和 luckily 均表示幸运地，常可互换；fortunately较正式，多用于书面语；luckily较口语化，在日常对话中更常见。 二、核心语法精讲 【句子成分】 英语句子最小逻辑单位：主语 + 谓语（缺一不成句），其余成分皆为修饰、补充内容。 1. 主语（Subject, S）：句子描述的主体 定义：发出动作/被描述的人或事物 常用词性：名词、代词、动名词、不定式、从句 位置：句首（倒装句除外） 例句：Students love learning. 学生热爱学习。 2. 谓语（Predicate, V）：句子的核心动作/状态 定义：说明主语做什么、是什么、怎么样 核心规则：一个简单句只有一个谓语动词（并列谓语除外） 分类：实义动词（动作）、系动词（状态） 例句：Students love learning. 3. 宾语（Object, O）：动作的承受者 定义：跟在及物动词/介词后，承接动作的对象 常用词性：名词、代词、动名词、不定式、从句 位置：及物动词、介词之后 例句：Students love learning. 拓展：双宾语：间接宾语（人）+ 直接宾语（物） He gives mea book. （me间接宾语，a book直接宾语） 4. 表语（Predicative, P）：补充主语的状态/身份 定义：跟在系动词后，说明主语是什么、怎么样 常用系动词：be动词；感官动词（look/sound/feel）；变化动词（become/get/turn） 例句：He is confident. 他很自信。 5. 定语（Attribute, Att）：修饰限定名词/代词 定义：相当于中文“……的” 位置规则：短定语（形容词、代词）前置；长定语（短语、从句）后置 例句：Hard-working students make progress. 勤奋的学生取得进步。 6. 状语（Adverbial, Adv）：修饰动词、形容词、整句 定义：说明动作的时间、地点、原因、方式、程度、目的 口诀：状语句中放，时间地点方式忙 例句：He studies carefully. 他认真学习。 7. 补语（Complement, C）：补充说明主语/宾语 分类：宾语补足语（最常用）、主语补足语 作用：无补语则句子语义不完整 例句：The news makes me happy. 这个消息让我开心。（happy补充说明me的状态） 【五大基本句型】 重点：所有简单句、并列句、复合句，均由这5种句型演变而来，掌握即可拆分所有长难句。 句型1：主谓（S+V）【不及物动词，无宾语】 特点：动词后无需接宾语，语义完整 例句：Birds fly. 鸟儿飞翔。 He smiles. 他微笑。 句型2：主谓宾（S+V+O）【及物动词】 特点：动作必须接承受对象，语义才完整 例句：We master knowledge. 我们掌握知识。 She loves reading. 她热爱阅读。 句型3：主系表（S+V+P）【系动词专用】 特点：无动作，只表达主语的状态、身份、特征 例句：They are ambitious. 他们胸怀大志。 The plan sounds great. 这个计划听起来不错。 句型4：主谓双宾（S+V+IO+DO） 特点：动词后接两个宾语（人+物），缺一不可 常用动词：give, show, teach, tell, offer 例句：Our teacher gives us encouragement. 老师给予我们鼓励。 句型5：主谓宾补（S+V+O+C） 特点：宾语后必须加补语，否则句子语义残缺 常用动词：make, keep, let, want, find 例句：Perseverance makes us stronger. 毅力让我们更强大。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元的主题语境是人与自我，话题是学校生活。本单元的写作话题是创建校园俱乐部的提案。提案是劝说读者接受建议的行动计划的书面文件。提案具有说服力, 它试图说服读者相信某一行动的适宜性。提案的长短因事而异。一般包括: 目的、背景、需求、详细计划、资质问题、请求批准以及相关附件等。 2. 写作框架 段首句 1. I’m happy to know that you plan to found a new club in our school. /I’m glad to know that you plan to set up a new club in our school. /I know with delight that a new club in our school will be started by you as planned. 我很高兴知道你计划在我们学校建立一个新的俱乐部。 2. I’m glad to hear the news that you want to found a new club. 得知你想创建一个新的俱乐部, 我非常开心。 3. To help the students know more about plants, we decide to set up a Nature Club. 为了帮助学生更多地了解植物，我们决定成立一个自然俱乐部。 4. To provide an opportunity to make friends, we decide to start a Football Club. 为了提供一个交友的机会，我们决定成立一个足球俱乐部。 5. To improve reading and writing skills, a Book Lover Club was set up by our teacher. 为了提高阅读和写作技能，我们的老师成立了一个爱书人俱乐部。 6. I’m writing to offer my proposals since you are seeking help for setting up a club. 我写信是为了提供我的建议, 因为你在寻求帮助来建立一个俱乐部。 主体句 1. We'll have an outing to our school botanical garden and learn the diversity of plants. 我们会去学校的植物园郊游，了解植物的多样性。 2. Read a short story that we like every Saturday afternoon. 每周六下午读一个我们喜欢的短篇小说。 3. Meet on weekends to communicate with each other in English. 周末见面，用英语互相交流。 4. Organize students to do some volunteer work. 组织学生做一些志愿工作。 5. It’s important to appeal to more students to take part in activities. 吸引更多的学生参加活动是很重要的。 6. It’s a great idea to make the most of school resources. 充分利用学校的资源是个好主意。 7. Club activities should be designed carefully with good preparations for enough material needs. 俱乐部活动应仔细设计, 并为足够的材料需求做好充分的准备。 段尾句 1. Put up a notice on the school website to inform the ballet lovers of joining the club. 校网站上张贴通知，通知芭蕾舞爱好者加入俱乐部。 2. Make posters and put them up around the school. 制作海报并在学校周围张贴。 3. I sincerely hope for your approval and guidance to bring this idea to life. 我真诚地希望得到您的批准和指导，使这个想法成为现实。 3. 写作素材 (1)活动目的 ①To help the students know more about plants, we decide to set up a Nature Club.为了帮助学生更多地了解植物，我们决定成立一个自然俱乐部。 ②To provide an opportunity to make friends, we decide to start a Football Club.为了提供一个交友的机会，我们决定成立一个足球俱乐部。 ③To improve reading and writing skills, a Book Lover Club was set up by our teacher.为了提高阅读和写作技能，我们的老师成立了一个爱书人俱乐部。 (2)活动计划 ①We'll have an outing to our school botanical garden and learn the diversity of plants. 我们会去学校的植物园郊游，了解植物的多样性。 ②Read a short story that we like every Saturday afternoon每周六下午读一个我们喜欢的短篇小说。 ③Meet on weekends to communicate with each other in English.周末见面，用英语互相交流。 ④Organize students to do some volunteer work.组织学生做一些志愿工作。 (3)宣传方式 ①Put up a notice on the school website to inform the ballet lovers of joining the club. 校网站上张贴通知，通知芭蕾舞爱好者加入俱乐部。 ②Make posters and put them up around the school.制作海报并在学校周围张贴。 1. I’m glad to hear the news that you want to…. 2. I’m writing to offer my proposals since you are seeking help for… 3. It’s important to appeal to more students to… 4. It’s a great idea to make the most of … 5. ... should be designed carefully… 6. I sincerely hope that…(2)That’s all I want to say about this point.关于这一点，我就讲这些。 4. 范文背诵 假定你是李华。你所在的英语俱乐部计划筹备一个新的活动项目，俱乐部负责人Sophia提供了“Debate Challenge”和“Movie Night”两个备选方案。请你给Sophia写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.你的选择； 2.说明理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sophia, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Sophia,  I’m thrilled to hear about the new activity plans and would like to express my strong preference for the “Debate Challenge”. Debating is an excellent way to enhance our English proficiency, as it requires us to think quickly and respond fluently in English. It also cultivates critical thinking and encourages us to view issues from multiple perspectives. Additionally, debating promotes teamwork and communication skills, which are essential in our daily lives. I believe “Debate Challenge” will be both educational and engaging for all members. Yours, Li Hua 易错点01 主系表与主谓宾补句型易混淆 【助记口诀】 主系表，描述主语；宾补修饰宾语，删掉句意残缺。 【错因辨析】 主系表 (S+V+P)：系动词 (be/look/become/keep/sound 等)+ 表语，表语用来描述主语的状态、身份、特征。系动词本身没有实际动作含义，只起到连接主语和表语的作用。 例句：You are independent. 你很独立。 The plan sounds practical. 这个计划听起来很切实可行。 主谓宾补 (S+V+O+C)：及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语；宾补用来补充说明宾语的状态、行为。如果去掉宾补之后，句子语义残缺，句意讲不通，这是判断宾补的核心依据。 ✅ The experience makes us confident. ❌ The experience makes us.（句子语义残缺，句意不完整） 例：The club activities keep us wellrounded. 社团活动让我们全面发展。 高频易错：一个简单句，不能无连词堆叠两个谓语动词。 ❌ He is confident works hard.（is 和 works 两个谓语动词，没有连词连接，语法错误） ✅ He is confident and works hard.（and 连接并列谓语，句子正确） 【对点训练】 1. The proposal for the new club ______. A. sounds reasonable B. sounds reasonably C. sound reasonable 2. The highschool resources make ______. A. us confidently B. us confident C. we confident 易错点02 动词ing /ed 形容词辨析 【助记口诀】 ing 修饰事物 “令人……”；ed 修饰人 “感到……” 【一句话辨异】 The amazing advance shocked us, so we were amazed at the result. 这令人惊叹的进步使我们震惊，我们对这个结果感到很吃惊。 【错因辨析】 由动词变化而来的ing 与ed 分词形容词是单元高频考点。 ing 结尾形容词：用来修饰事物、事件、物品，描述事物本身带给人的感受。可作定语、表语。 例：We saw an amazing improvement in his confidence. 我们看到他的自信心有了令人惊叹的提升。 ed 结尾形容词：主语或修饰对象一般是人，表达人的内心感受。 例：We are amazed at his progress. 我们对他的进步感到惊奇。 【对点训练】 1. The ______ football match made all the fans ______. A. excited; exciting B. exciting; excited C. exciting; exciting 2. —Do you think the speech is ______? —Yes. I am ______ in the topics it talked about. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting 一、默写重点单词 1. ______n. 潜力；可能性 adj. 潜在的，可能的 2. ______adj. 相等的；平等的 n. 同等的人 3. ______ n. 机会 4. ______ n. & vt. 挑战；质疑 5.______ n. 努力 6. ______ n. 目标 7. ______ n. 平衡 8. ______ n. 态度 9. ______ n. 尊重 10. ______ n. 自信 11. ______ n. 资源 12. ______ v. 致力于 13. ______ n. 品质 14. ______ adj. 负责的 15. ______ vt. & vi. 改进，改善 二、词汇运用 1.It is necessary for us to set practical g________(目标)for the new term. 2.You need to write a formal________(提议)for your new school club. 3.Please list the club’s a________(目标)clearly in your paper. 4.The________(细节)of the plan should not be ignored. 5.Many students want to________(报名参加)for the after‑school club. 6.You need to find enough________(成员)for your club. 7.We should make a reasonable weekly________(时间表). 8.Your plan should be________(以……为基础)on your real situation. 三、重点句型 1．It’s quite different which you choose. (同义句改写) → It ____________ which you choose. 2．Study hard and you can improve your English writing.(用as long as改为含有条件状语从句的复合句) _______________________________________________________________________________ 3．They succeeded. The way was by working together. (用表语从句合并) → ________________________________________________________________ 4．Good communication skills are of great importance. （改为完全倒装句） _____________________________________________________ 5．He missed the early bus because he got up late. (用 as a result of 改写) _________________________________________________________________________ 6．Messi scored the goal. The fans went wild. (as soon as) (合并成复合句) _________________________________________________________________ 7．You will achieve your dreams if you stick to your goals and keep working hard. (用状语从句同义改写) →________, you will fail to achieve your dreams. 8．We feel it an honour to be able to host the competition. (用it作形式主语改写) ________________________________________________________________ 9．My English teacher is very kind and helpful. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ and helpful my English teacher is! 10．The ballet club attracted many freshmen this year. (用被动语态改写) ________________________________________________________________ 四、语法填空 1.You should base your plan________your real situation. 2.He stuck to________(write)his proposal for the school club. 3.Many students signed up________the newly-built reading club. 4.Please give us a________(detail)description of your club activities. 5.This________(propose)has been handed in to our head teacher. 6.It is worthwhile________(set)clear aims before starting a club. 7.Good planning keeps us________(focus)on our own tasks. 8.Small________(adjust)to your timetable will bring better results. 9.We need enough club________(member)to hold regular activities. 10.Your club aims should be based________students’ real needs. 五、阅读理解 A Noetic Learning Math Contest The Noetic Learning Math Contest is a semiannual problem-solving contest for elementary and middle school students. During the contest, students have 45 minutes (50 minutes online) to solve 20 creative problems independently without a calculator. Note: We will continue offering the contest in both paper-pencil and online versions for the 2025-2026 school year. We believe that the problem-solving contest helps students to become better mathematicians, better thinkers, therefore better equipped for advanced STEM learning. The goal of our contest is to develop students’ problem-solving skills, to encourage their interest in math, and to inspire them to excel in math. Our Unique Approach Grade-level Tailored and Engaging Problems: We design different problems for each grade level, enabling students to face challenges that match with their skills and allowing them to compete with peers in their age group. For younger students, we craft our problems to be similar to attractive puzzles, causing curiosity and engagement in math. Recognition and Awards ·Team Winner Medal: The highest scorer of each team will receive a Team Winner Medal. ·National Honor Roll Medal: The top 10% of all participants in the nation will receive National Honor Roll Medals. ·National Honorable Mention Ribbon: The top 50% of all participants in the nation will receive National Honorable Mention Ribbons. ·Team Achievement Plaque: The top 10% of teams (excluding after-school institution teams) will receive Team Achievement Plaques. 1．What is forbidden in the contest? A．Ruler. B．Calculator. C．Paper. D．Pencil. 2．How are the match problems designed? A．According to students’ ages. B．By integrating attractive puzzles. C．By referring to online versions. D．On the basis of students’ curiosity. 3．Which award will have the largest number of winners? A．Team Winner Medal. B．National Honor Roll Medal. C．National Honorable Mention Ribbon. D．Team Achievement Plaque. B The winter break is just about to end. Soon we will be back at school. It’s with both happiness and sadness. I look forward to seeing my friends and starting practice again very much, but it also means I’m officially halfway through the exchange year. With school starting there are new things to try and experience. For example, I’m starting a new sport — track and field. It’s similar to cross-country, which I did from August till November. Being here for half a year now, I can easily tell the difference between my two schools. The hardest or most different part for me is to have the same schedule every day here. Honestly, I prefer to have different classes every day, as I did in my home country. However, I am attracted to the Friday football games. Football is one of my favorite sports now. Before I came, I knew nothing about it. Now I am addicted to it, especially to watching it with my host parents. I have also been so lucky to go to two college football games. Before I left school in December, I had a couple of tests called the midterm tests. They all went pretty smoothly, mostly because I didn’t have too many hard classes. My favorite course was English, and it was also my hardest one. Personally I really liked English classes, where I could write essays, develop writing skills and improve spoken English. Only four days of the winter break are left. Part of me wants to be on a break forever, but I also wish to get started again, starting a new sport and seeing my friends and classmates. 4．Why does the author feel sad before school starts again? A．Her homework is not finished. B．The exchange year will end soon. C．Her school life will get harder. D．The new sport no longer attracts her. 5．How does the school in the author’s home country differ from the one she is in now? A．The courses are richer. B．The teachers are kinder. C．The meals are healthier. D．The holidays are longer. 6．What does the author enjoy doing most with the host family? A．Having a talk in English. B．Playing video games. C．Watching football matches. D．Visiting her relatives. 7．What does underlined word “They” in the third paragraph refer to? A．Classes. B．Tests. C．Games. D．Students. 六、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 (base) on recent researches, distance learning is slowly proving as 2 (value) as the traditional campus-based form. It is a fixed truth that this form of learning is 3 the increase. Moreover, both students and teachers have expressed their 4 (happy) with these courses. The best part of distance learning courses is their flexible format. Students can continue to work and study at the same time. You will 5 (provide) with the facilities of a virtual (虚拟的) classroom and a virtual campus. Anyone 6 wants to upgrade their professional knowledge to a new level can apply for these courses. With an online study format, the tests and notes can be 7 (access) with just a mouse click from your home computer. However, a student 8 (attend) an online course must take the time management 9 (serious). Every online student must keep in mind that proper management of time and study schedule is the key 10 success in this format. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Back to School 词汇 一、阅读词汇： 1.potential  n./adj.潜力；潜在的 2.challenge  n./vt.挑战；质疑 3.thinking  n.思维，思想 4.positive  adj.积极乐观的 5.opportunity n.机会，时机 6.acquire  vt.获得，得到 7.advance  n./v.进步；前进 8.amazing  adj.令人惊喜的 9.confidence  n.信心，把握 10.resource  n.资源；谋略 11.facility  n.设施，设备 12.individual  adj.个人；单独的 13.independent  adj.自主的；自立的 14.proposal  n.提议，建议 15.professional  n.专业的；专业人士 16.material  adj.材料；物质的 17.exchange n./vt.交换；交流 18.contribution n.贡献；捐款 19.fortunately  adv.幸运地 20.calligraphy  n.书法，书法艺术 二、写作词汇： 1. fortunately adv. 幸运地 2. lie in 存在于，在于 3. rise to 能够处理，胜任 4. acquire knowledge/skills 获取知识/技能 5. make the most of 充分利用 6. attitude n. 态度，看法 7. well-rounded adj. 全面发展的 8. character n. 性格；文字；角色 9.ahead of time 提早 10. thinking n. 思维 11. make a difference to 对……有影响 12. have confidence in ... 对……有信心 13. be equal to ... 与……平等；胜任…… 14. in detail 详细地 15. as a result of 由于 16.on a regular basis 定期地 17. remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 18. proposal n. 提议 19. professional adj. 专业的 20. secondary adj. 中学的，次要的 三、词汇变形： 1. senior adj. 年长的；级别高的 n. 较年长者；上级→seniority n. 年长；资历 2. opportunity/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. 机会；时机→opportunist n. 机会主义者 adj. 机会主义的 3.acquire v. 获得；取得→acquisition n. 获得；习得 4. effort n. 努力；尽力→effortless adj. 不费力的；轻松的 5. confidence n. 信心；信任→confident adj. 自信的；有信心的 6. resource n. 资源；财力→resourceful adj. 足智多谋的；资源丰富的 7.facility n. 设施；设备→相似词：facilitate v. 促进；使便利 8. equal adj. 相等的；平等的 v. 等于；比得上→equality n. 平等；相等 9.balance n. 平衡；余额 v. 使平衡→balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的 10.improve v. 改进；提高→improvement n. 改进；改善 11.individual adj. 个别的；单独的 n. 个人；个体→individuality n. 个性；个人特征 12.character n. 性格；品质；角色→characteristic adj. 典型的；特有的 n. 特征；特点 13. responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的→responsibility n. 责任；职责 14.independent adj. 独立的；自主的→independence n. 独立；自主 15. base n. 底部；基础 v. 以……为基础→basic adj. 基本的；基础的 16.remind v. 提醒；使想起→reminder n. 提醒物；提示 17. proposal n. 提议；建议→propose v. 提议；建议；求婚 18.aim v. 瞄准；旨在 n. 目标；目的→aimless adj. 无目标的；无目的的 19. style n. 风格；样式 v. 设计；使具有某种风格→stylish adj. 时髦的；流行的 20. technique n. 技术；技巧→technical adj. 技术的；专业的 21.professional adj. 职业的；专业的 n. 专业人员→profession n. 职业；专业 22. material n. 材料；素材 adj. 物质的→materialism n. 唯物主义；物质主义 23. tough adj. 坚韧的；困难的→toughness n. 韧性；困难 24. alarm n. 警报；惊恐 v. 使惊恐；向……报警→alarming adj. 令人担忧的；使人惊恐的 25. attract v. 吸引；引起→attraction n. 吸引；吸引力→attractive adj.有魅力的,吸引人的 四、拓展词汇 1. potentially adv.潜在地,可能地 2. thoughtfully adv.若有所思地,体贴地 3. give rise to引起,导致 4. acquisition n.习得 5. effortlessly adv.不费力地 6. amazement n.惊讶,吃惊 7. confidential adj.机密的,秘密的 8. resourceful adj.资源丰富的,机智的 9. facilitate vt.使便利,促进 10. imbalance n.不平衡,失衡,不公平 11. not in the least一点也不 12. characterize vt.描述,使有...特征 13. irresponsibility n.不负责任 14. go ahead做吧,干吧,好吧 15. bring forward提出,拿出 16. move forward向前移动,向前发展 17. push forward推进,抓紧进行 18. dependable adj.可靠的,可信赖的 19. result from由...引起 20. from tip to toe从头到脚 21. get stuck 被困住 22. make a proposal提建议 23. lifestyle n.生活方式 24. all over 遍及,到处 25. optional adj.选修的,可选择的 五、熟词生义 1. lie in 存在于，在于 2. rise to 能够处理 3. goal n.目标；进球得分 4. secondary adj. 中学的；次要的 5. material adj. 物质的，实际的 写作 句型 1. It lies in our attitude and hard work that we can realize our full potential. 译文：我们能够充分发挥潜力的关键在于我们的态度与努力。 2. Only when we rise to every challenge can we make the most of every opportunity in senior high school. 译文：只有我们能够应对每一个挑战，我们才能充分利用高中的每一次机会。 3. It is our duty to develop into wellrounded individuals and build up our confidence. 译文：成长为全面发展的个体并且树立信心是我们的责任。 4. As a result of making full use of school resources and facilities, we can acquire more knowledge and skills. 译文：由于充分利用学校的资源与设施，我们可以习得更多知识与技能。 5. What makes a difference to our highschool life is whether we have confidence in ourselves. 译文：对我们高中生活产生影响的是我们是否对自己抱有信心。 6. I’m writing to make a proposal that we should set up a new club to enrich our school life. 译文：我写信提出建议，我们应当成立一个新俱乐部来丰富我们的校园生活。 语法 句子成分和句子结构 写作 写一个创建校园俱乐部的提案 一、知识点精讲 1. potential n. & adj.潜力；可能性；潜在的，可能的 Senior high school is a new start, and every student has the potential to succeed.高中是一个新的起点，每个学生都有成功的潜力。 【固定搭配】 have/show the potential to do sth 有/展现做某事的潜力 potential for sth. ……的潜力 achieve/realize one's potential 发挥某人的潜力 potential customer/danger/risk 潜在客户/危险/风险 academic potential 学术潜力 【同义辨析】 potential 指潜在的、尚未发挥的潜力，强调未来可发展的空间，常作不可数名词或形容词。 She has the potential to become a great scientist. 她有成为伟大科学家的潜力。 possibility 指客观上的可能性，强调某事可能发生，可数，常用 there is a possibility that... There is a possibility of rain this afternoon. 今天下午有可能下雨。 latent 指潜在的、隐藏的，强调已存在但尚未显现，常修饰特质、疾病、危险等。 The virus remains latent in the body for years.这种病毒会在体内潜伏多年。 2. opportunity n. 机会，时机 Senior high offers you the opportunity to make new friends and try new things.高中为你提供了结交新朋友、尝试新事物的机会。 派生词：opportune adj. 合适的；适时的 近义词：chance n.机会 【固定搭配】 have an opportunity to do sth 有机会做某事 take/seize an opportunity 抓住机会 a golden opportunity 良机 3. acquire vt. 获得，得到 Reading is one of the best ways to acquire new vocabulary.阅读是习得新词汇的最佳途径之一。 【词汇拓展】 acquired（过去式/过去分词） acquiring（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 acquire knowledge/skills 获得知识/技能 acquire a habit 养成习惯 acquire a reputation 获得名声 【易混辨析】 acquire强调经过逐步积累而获得（知识、技能）；obtain较正式，强调通过努力或请求得到；gain强调得到有益的东西，常含“赢得”之意。 4. advance n. & vt. & vi.进步，进展；前进，行进；发展，进步 Science has made great advances in the past century.过去一个世纪科学取得了巨大进步。 【固定搭配】 in advance 提前；预先 make advances in 在……方面取得进展 advance towards 朝……前进 【同义辨析】 advance 指进步、进展或前进，可指具体的推进动作或科技发展，较正式，也可作动词。 Recent advances in medicine have saved many lives.医学上的最新进展挽救了许多生命。 progress 指进步、进展，强调渐进的、持续的改善过程，常作不可数名词。 The student has made great progress in English.这个学生在英语上取得了很大进步。 development 指发展、开发，强调从低级到高级的演变或新产品的研制，范围最广。 The development of AI is changing our lives人工智能的发展正在改变我们的生活。 5. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 It is amazing how much progress she has made in just one month.仅仅一个月她就取得这么大进步，真令人惊奇。 【词汇拓展】 amaze v. 使惊奇 amazement n. 惊奇；惊愕 amazingly adv. 令人惊奇地 amazed adj. 感到惊奇的 【固定搭配】 an amazing achievement 了不起的成就 It is amazing to do sth 做某事真令人惊奇 【易混辨析】 amazing修饰事物，意为“令人惊奇的”；amazed修饰人，意为“感到惊奇的”。类似的还有 exciting/excited、interesting/interested。 6. equal adj. & n. & linking v. & vt. 相等的；平等的；相当的；同等的人（物）；与……相等；比得上 Everyone is equal and should be treated with fairness and respect.人人平等，都应受到公平和尊重的对待。 【词汇拓展】 equally adv. 相等地；平等地；同样地 equality n. 平等；相等 equalize v. 使相等；使平等 【固定搭配】 be equal to sth 等于某物；能胜任某事 equal rights 平等的权利 equal sb in sth 在某方面比得上某人 【易错提醒】 be equal to中to是介词，后接名词或动名词，不接动词原形，如be equal to doing the task。 7. balance vt. & n. 同等重视；（使）保持平衡；权衡重要性；均衡，平衡；平衡能力 It is necessary to balance study and rest to stay healthy.保持学习和休息的平衡对健康很有必要。 变形：balanced adj. 均衡的；平衡的 【固定搭配】 keep a balance between A and B 保持A与B的平衡 balance work and play 平衡学习与娱乐 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 8. individual n. & adj.个人；单独的，个别的 Good teachers respect each individual and value different opinions.好老师尊重每个个体，重视不同的观点。 【词汇拓展】 individually adv. 分别地；各自地 individualism n. 个人主义 【固定搭配】 individual needs 个人需求 each individual 每个人 individual style 个人风格 【同义辨析】 individual 指个别的；个人的，强调与群体相对的个体，可作名词指个人。 Recent advances in medicine have saved many lives.医学上的最新进展挽救了许多生命。 personal 指个人的、私人的，强调属于本人、涉及隐私，如personal opinion The student has made great progress in English.这个学生在英语上取得了很大进步。 single 指单个的、单一的，强调数量上只有一个，常用于否定句加强语气。 She didn't say a single word during the meeting.她在会上一言不发。 9. responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的 As class monitor, she is responsible for organizing class activities.作为班长，她负责组织班级活动。 【词汇拓展】 responsibility n. 责任；职责 responsibly adv. 负责地；可靠地 【固定搭配】 a sense of responsibility 责任感 be responsible for 对……负责；是……的原因 hold sb responsible for 让某人对……负责 【易错提醒】 be responsible for (doing) sth，介词用 for，后接名词或动名词，不接不定式。 10. fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏 Fortunately, the teacher noticed my problem and gave me a hand.幸运的是，老师注意到了我的困难并帮了我一把。 【词汇拓展】 fortunate adj. 幸运的 fortune n. 运气；财富 【同义辨析】 fortunately 和 luckily 均表示幸运地，常可互换；fortunately较正式，多用于书面语；luckily较口语化，在日常对话中更常见。 二、核心语法精讲 【句子成分】 英语句子最小逻辑单位：主语 + 谓语（缺一不成句），其余成分皆为修饰、补充内容。 1. 主语（Subject, S）：句子描述的主体 定义：发出动作/被描述的人或事物 常用词性：名词、代词、动名词、不定式、从句 位置：句首（倒装句除外） 例句：Students love learning. 学生热爱学习。 2. 谓语（Predicate, V）：句子的核心动作/状态 定义：说明主语做什么、是什么、怎么样 核心规则：一个简单句只有一个谓语动词（并列谓语除外） 分类：实义动词（动作）、系动词（状态） 例句：Students love learning. 3. 宾语（Object, O）：动作的承受者 定义：跟在及物动词/介词后，承接动作的对象 常用词性：名词、代词、动名词、不定式、从句 位置：及物动词、介词之后 例句：Students love learning. 拓展：双宾语：间接宾语（人）+ 直接宾语（物） He gives mea book. （me间接宾语，a book直接宾语） 4. 表语（Predicative, P）：补充主语的状态/身份 定义：跟在系动词后，说明主语是什么、怎么样 常用系动词：be动词；感官动词（look/sound/feel）；变化动词（become/get/turn） 例句：He is confident. 他很自信。 5. 定语（Attribute, Att）：修饰限定名词/代词 定义：相当于中文“……的” 位置规则：短定语（形容词、代词）前置；长定语（短语、从句）后置 例句：Hard-working students make progress. 勤奋的学生取得进步。 6. 状语（Adverbial, Adv）：修饰动词、形容词、整句 定义：说明动作的时间、地点、原因、方式、程度、目的 口诀：状语句中放，时间地点方式忙 例句：He studies carefully. 他认真学习。 7. 补语（Complement, C）：补充说明主语/宾语 分类：宾语补足语（最常用）、主语补足语 作用：无补语则句子语义不完整 例句：The news makes me happy. 这个消息让我开心。（happy补充说明me的状态） 【五大基本句型】 重点：所有简单句、并列句、复合句，均由这5种句型演变而来，掌握即可拆分所有长难句。 句型1：主谓（S+V）【不及物动词，无宾语】 特点：动词后无需接宾语，语义完整 例句：Birds fly. 鸟儿飞翔。 He smiles. 他微笑。 句型2：主谓宾（S+V+O）【及物动词】 特点：动作必须接承受对象，语义才完整 例句：We master knowledge. 我们掌握知识。 She loves reading. 她热爱阅读。 句型3：主系表（S+V+P）【系动词专用】 特点：无动作，只表达主语的状态、身份、特征 例句：They are ambitious. 他们胸怀大志。 The plan sounds great. 这个计划听起来不错。 句型4：主谓双宾（S+V+IO+DO） 特点：动词后接两个宾语（人+物），缺一不可 常用动词：give, show, teach, tell, offer 例句：Our teacher gives us encouragement. 老师给予我们鼓励。 句型5：主谓宾补（S+V+O+C） 特点：宾语后必须加补语，否则句子语义残缺 常用动词：make, keep, let, want, find 例句：Perseverance makes us stronger. 毅力让我们更强大。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元的主题语境是人与自我，话题是学校生活。本单元的写作话题是创建校园俱乐部的提案。提案是劝说读者接受建议的行动计划的书面文件。提案具有说服力, 它试图说服读者相信某一行动的适宜性。提案的长短因事而异。一般包括: 目的、背景、需求、详细计划、资质问题、请求批准以及相关附件等。 2. 写作框架 段首句 1. I’m happy to know that you plan to found a new club in our school. /I’m glad to know that you plan to set up a new club in our school. /I know with delight that a new club in our school will be started by you as planned. 我很高兴知道你计划在我们学校建立一个新的俱乐部。 2. I’m glad to hear the news that you want to found a new club. 得知你想创建一个新的俱乐部, 我非常开心。 3. To help the students know more about plants, we decide to set up a Nature Club. 为了帮助学生更多地了解植物，我们决定成立一个自然俱乐部。 4. To provide an opportunity to make friends, we decide to start a Football Club. 为了提供一个交友的机会，我们决定成立一个足球俱乐部。 5. To improve reading and writing skills, a Book Lover Club was set up by our teacher. 为了提高阅读和写作技能，我们的老师成立了一个爱书人俱乐部。 6. I’m writing to offer my proposals since you are seeking help for setting up a club. 我写信是为了提供我的建议, 因为你在寻求帮助来建立一个俱乐部。 主体句 1. We'll have an outing to our school botanical garden and learn the diversity of plants. 我们会去学校的植物园郊游，了解植物的多样性。 2. Read a short story that we like every Saturday afternoon. 每周六下午读一个我们喜欢的短篇小说。 3. Meet on weekends to communicate with each other in English. 周末见面，用英语互相交流。 4. Organize students to do some volunteer work. 组织学生做一些志愿工作。 5. It’s important to appeal to more students to take part in activities. 吸引更多的学生参加活动是很重要的。 6. It’s a great idea to make the most of school resources. 充分利用学校的资源是个好主意。 7. Club activities should be designed carefully with good preparations for enough material needs. 俱乐部活动应仔细设计, 并为足够的材料需求做好充分的准备。 段尾句 1. Put up a notice on the school website to inform the ballet lovers of joining the club. 校网站上张贴通知，通知芭蕾舞爱好者加入俱乐部。 2. Make posters and put them up around the school. 制作海报并在学校周围张贴。 3. I sincerely hope for your approval and guidance to bring this idea to life. 我真诚地希望得到您的批准和指导，使这个想法成为现实。 3. 写作素材 (1)活动目的 ①To help the students know more about plants, we decide to set up a Nature Club.为了帮助学生更多地了解植物，我们决定成立一个自然俱乐部。 ②To provide an opportunity to make friends, we decide to start a Football Club.为了提供一个交友的机会，我们决定成立一个足球俱乐部。 ③To improve reading and writing skills, a Book Lover Club was set up by our teacher.为了提高阅读和写作技能，我们的老师成立了一个爱书人俱乐部。 (2)活动计划 ①We'll have an outing to our school botanical garden and learn the diversity of plants. 我们会去学校的植物园郊游，了解植物的多样性。 ②Read a short story that we like every Saturday afternoon每周六下午读一个我们喜欢的短篇小说。 ③Meet on weekends to communicate with each other in English.周末见面，用英语互相交流。 ④Organize students to do some volunteer work.组织学生做一些志愿工作。 (3)宣传方式 ①Put up a notice on the school website to inform the ballet lovers of joining the club. 校网站上张贴通知，通知芭蕾舞爱好者加入俱乐部。 ②Make posters and put them up around the school.制作海报并在学校周围张贴。 1. I’m glad to hear the news that you want to…. 2. I’m writing to offer my proposals since you are seeking help for… 3. It’s important to appeal to more students to… 4. It’s a great idea to make the most of … 5. ... should be designed carefully… 6. I sincerely hope that…(2)That’s all I want to say about this point.关于这一点，我就讲这些。 4. 范文背诵 假定你是李华。你所在的英语俱乐部计划筹备一个新的活动项目，俱乐部负责人Sophia提供了“Debate Challenge”和“Movie Night”两个备选方案。请你给Sophia写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.你的选择； 2.说明理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sophia, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Sophia,  I’m thrilled to hear about the new activity plans and would like to express my strong preference for the “Debate Challenge”. Debating is an excellent way to enhance our English proficiency, as it requires us to think quickly and respond fluently in English. It also cultivates critical thinking and encourages us to view issues from multiple perspectives. Additionally, debating promotes teamwork and communication skills, which are essential in our daily lives. I believe “Debate Challenge” will be both educational and engaging for all members. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英语俱乐部负责人Sophia写一封邮件，告知她你关于俱乐部筹备的一个新的活动项目的选择和理由。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 表达：express → convey 提高：enhance → boost 培养：cultivate → foster 必不可少的：essential → indispensable 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m thrilled to hear about the new activity plans and would like to express my strong preference for the “Debate Challenge”. 拓展句：I’m thrilled to hear that a new activity will be held and would like to express my strong preference for the “Debate Challenge”. 【点睛】 [高分句型1]Debating is an excellent way to enhance our English proficiency, as it requires us to think quickly and respond fluently in English. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句) [高分句型2]Additionally, debating promotes teamwork and communication skills, which are essential in our daily lives. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 易错点01 主系表与主谓宾补句型易混淆 【助记口诀】 主系表，描述主语；宾补修饰宾语，删掉句意残缺。 【错因辨析】 主系表 (S+V+P)：系动词 (be/look/become/keep/sound 等)+ 表语，表语用来描述主语的状态、身份、特征。系动词本身没有实际动作含义，只起到连接主语和表语的作用。 例句：You are independent. 你很独立。 The plan sounds practical. 这个计划听起来很切实可行。 主谓宾补 (S+V+O+C)：及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语；宾补用来补充说明宾语的状态、行为。如果去掉宾补之后，句子语义残缺，句意讲不通，这是判断宾补的核心依据。 ✅ The experience makes us confident. ❌ The experience makes us.（句子语义残缺，句意不完整） 例：The club activities keep us wellrounded. 社团活动让我们全面发展。 高频易错：一个简单句，不能无连词堆叠两个谓语动词。 ❌ He is confident works hard.（is 和 works 两个谓语动词，没有连词连接，语法错误） ✅ He is confident and works hard.（and 连接并列谓语，句子正确） 【对点训练】 1. The proposal for the new club ______. A. sounds reasonable B. sounds reasonably C. sound reasonable 【答案】A 【解析】本句是主系表结构，sounds 为系动词，后面接形容词 reasonable 作表语，描述主语 proposal；reasonably 是副词不能作表语；主语 the proposal 为单数，谓语动词用 sounds，故选 A。 2. The highschool resources make ______. A. us confidently B. us confident C. we confident 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查主谓宾补结构。动词 make 后接宾格 us 作宾语，形容词 confident 作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语 us 的状态；confidently 是副词不能充当宾补；we 是主格，不能作宾语，故选 B。 易错点02 动词ing /ed 形容词辨析 【助记口诀】 ing 修饰事物 “令人……”；ed 修饰人 “感到……” 【一句话辨异】 The amazing advance shocked us, so we were amazed at the result. 这令人惊叹的进步使我们震惊，我们对这个结果感到很吃惊。 【错因辨析】 由动词变化而来的ing 与ed 分词形容词是单元高频考点。 ing 结尾形容词：用来修饰事物、事件、物品，描述事物本身带给人的感受。可作定语、表语。 例：We saw an amazing improvement in his confidence. 我们看到他的自信心有了令人惊叹的提升。 ed 结尾形容词：主语或修饰对象一般是人，表达人的内心感受。 例：We are amazed at his progress. 我们对他的进步感到惊奇。 【对点训练】 1. The ______ football match made all the fans ______. A. excited; exciting B. exciting; excited C. exciting; exciting 【答案】B 【解析】第一空修饰 match “比赛” 这一事物，表达 “令人激动的”，用 exciting；第二空补充说明宾语 fans（粉丝）的内心感受，表示 “感到激动的”，用 excited，故选 B。 2. —Do you think the speech is ______? —Yes. I am ______ in the topics it talked about. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting 【答案】A 【解析】第一空修饰 speech 演讲，为事物，用 interesting 表示 “有趣的”；第二空固定搭配 be interested in 表示 “对…… 感兴趣”，修饰主语 I 人的主观感受，故选 A。 一、默写重点单词 1. ______n. 潜力；可能性 adj. 潜在的，可能的 2. ______adj. 相等的；平等的 n. 同等的人 3. ______ n. 机会 4. ______ n. & vt. 挑战；质疑 5.______ n. 努力 6. ______ n. 目标 7. ______ n. 平衡 8. ______ n. 态度 9. ______ n. 尊重 10. ______ n. 自信 11. ______ n. 资源 12. ______ v. 致力于 13. ______ n. 品质 14. ______ adj. 负责的 15. ______ vt. & vi. 改进，改善 【答案】1. potential 2. equal 3. opportunity 4. challenge 5. effort 6. goal 7. balance 8. attitude 9. respect 10. confidence 11. resources 12. devote 13. character 14. responsible 15. improve 二、词汇运用 1.It is necessary for us to set practical g________(目标)for the new term. 2.You need to write a formal________(提议)for your new school club. 3.Please list the club’s a________(目标)clearly in your paper. 4.The________(细节)of the plan should not be ignored. 5.Many students want to________(报名参加)for the after‑school club. 6.You need to find enough________(成员)for your club. 7.We should make a reasonable weekly________(时间表). 8.Your plan should be________(以……为基础)on your real situation. 答案：1.goals 2.proposal 3.aims 4.details 5.sign up 6.members 7.timetable 8.based 三、重点句型 1．It’s quite different which you choose. (同义句改写) → It ____________ which you choose. 2．Study hard and you can improve your English writing.(用as long as改为含有条件状语从句的复合句) _______________________________________________________________________________ 3．They succeeded. The way was by working together. (用表语从句合并) → ________________________________________________________________ 4．Good communication skills are of great importance. （改为完全倒装句） _____________________________________________________ 5．He missed the early bus because he got up late. (用 as a result of 改写) _________________________________________________________________________ 6．Messi scored the goal. The fans went wild. (as soon as) (合并成复合句) _________________________________________________________________ 7．You will achieve your dreams if you stick to your goals and keep working hard. (用状语从句同义改写) →________, you will fail to achieve your dreams. 8．We feel it an honour to be able to host the competition. (用it作形式主语改写) ________________________________________________________________ 9．My English teacher is very kind and helpful. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ and helpful my English teacher is! 10．The ballet club attracted many freshmen this year. (用被动语态改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. makes a big difference 2. You can improve your English writing as long as you study hard. 3. The way they succeeded was that they worked together. 4. Of great importance are good communication skills. 5. He missed the early bus as a result of getting up late. 6. As soon as Messi had scored the goal, the fans went wild. 7. Unless you stick to your goals and keep working hard 8. It is an honour for us to be able to host the competition. 9. How kind 10. Many freshmen were attracted by the ballet club this year. 四、语法填空 1.You should base your plan________your real situation. 2.He stuck to________(write)his proposal for the school club. 3.Many students signed up________the newly-built reading club. 4.Please give us a________(detail)description of your club activities. 5.This________(propose)has been handed in to our head teacher. 6.It is worthwhile________(set)clear aims before starting a club. 7.Good planning keeps us________(focus)on our own tasks. 8.Small________(adjust)to your timetable will bring better results. 9.We need enough club________(member)to hold regular activities. 10.Your club aims should be based________students’ real needs. 【答案】1. on 2. writing 3. for 4. detailed 5. proposal 6. setting/to set 7. focused 8. adjustments 9. members 10. on 五、阅读理解 A Noetic Learning Math Contest The Noetic Learning Math Contest is a semiannual problem-solving contest for elementary and middle school students. During the contest, students have 45 minutes (50 minutes online) to solve 20 creative problems independently without a calculator. Note: We will continue offering the contest in both paper-pencil and online versions for the 2025-2026 school year. We believe that the problem-solving contest helps students to become better mathematicians, better thinkers, therefore better equipped for advanced STEM learning. The goal of our contest is to develop students’ problem-solving skills, to encourage their interest in math, and to inspire them to excel in math. Our Unique Approach Grade-level Tailored and Engaging Problems: We design different problems for each grade level, enabling students to face challenges that match with their skills and allowing them to compete with peers in their age group. For younger students, we craft our problems to be similar to attractive puzzles, causing curiosity and engagement in math. Recognition and Awards ·Team Winner Medal: The highest scorer of each team will receive a Team Winner Medal. ·National Honor Roll Medal: The top 10% of all participants in the nation will receive National Honor Roll Medals. ·National Honorable Mention Ribbon: The top 50% of all participants in the nation will receive National Honorable Mention Ribbons. ·Team Achievement Plaque: The top 10% of teams (excluding after-school institution teams) will receive Team Achievement Plaques. 1．What is forbidden in the contest? A．Ruler. B．Calculator. C．Paper. D．Pencil. 2．How are the match problems designed? A．According to students’ ages. B．By integrating attractive puzzles. C．By referring to online versions. D．On the basis of students’ curiosity. 3．Which award will have the largest number of winners? A．Team Winner Medal. B．National Honor Roll Medal. C．National Honorable Mention Ribbon. D．Team Achievement Plaque. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了Noetic Learning Math Contest的基本信息、独特设计理念以及奖项设置，旨在向读者宣传该竞赛并鼓励学生参与。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“During the contest, students have 45 minutes (50 minutes online) to solve 20 creative problems independently without a calculator. (在比赛期间，学生有45分钟（在线为50分钟）独立解答20个创新性问题，且不得使用计算器。)”可知，比赛明确规定不允许使用计算器。 2．细节理解题。根据Our Unique Approach部分中的第一句“Grade-level Tailored and Engaging Problems: We design different problems for each grade level, enabling students to face challenges that match with their skills and allowing them to compete with peers in their age group. (按年级量身定制且引人入胜的题目：我们为每个年级设计不同的题目，使学生能够面对与自身技能相匹配的挑战，并让他们能够与同龄人同场竞技。)”可知，竞赛题目是按照年级来分层设计的，学生能够与同龄人竞争，即题目的设计依据是参赛者的年龄。 3．细节理解题。根据Recognition and Awards部分中的内容“·Team Winner Medal: The highest scorer of each team will receive a Team Winner Medal. ·National Honor Roll Medal: The top 10% of all participants in the nation will receive National Honor Roll Medals. ·National Honorable Mention Ribbon: The top 50% of all participants in the nation will receive National Honorable Mention Ribbons. ·Team Achievement Plaque: The top 10% of teams (excluding after-school institution teams) will receive Team Achievement Plaques. (·团队优胜者奖牌：每支队伍中得分最高的成员将获得一枚团队优胜者奖牌。·全国荣誉榜奖牌：全国所有参赛者中排名前10%的选手将获得全国荣誉榜奖牌。·全国荣誉提名绶带：全国所有参赛者中排名前50%的选手将获得全国荣誉提名绶带。·团队成就牌匾：排名前10%的队伍（不含课外培训机构队伍）将获得团队成就牌匾。)”可知，团队优胜者奖牌颁给每队最高分者（每队仅一人），全国荣誉榜奖牌颁给全国前10%的参赛者，全国荣誉提名绶带颁给全国前50%的参赛者，团队成就牌匾颁给前10%的队伍（每队多人但队伍数量有限）。经比较，全国荣誉提名绶带覆盖的参赛者比例最高（50%），获奖人数最多。 B The winter break is just about to end. Soon we will be back at school. It’s with both happiness and sadness. I look forward to seeing my friends and starting practice again very much, but it also means I’m officially halfway through the exchange year. With school starting there are new things to try and experience. For example, I’m starting a new sport — track and field. It’s similar to cross-country, which I did from August till November. Being here for half a year now, I can easily tell the difference between my two schools. The hardest or most different part for me is to have the same schedule every day here. Honestly, I prefer to have different classes every day, as I did in my home country. However, I am attracted to the Friday football games. Football is one of my favorite sports now. Before I came, I knew nothing about it. Now I am addicted to it, especially to watching it with my host parents. I have also been so lucky to go to two college football games. Before I left school in December, I had a couple of tests called the midterm tests. They all went pretty smoothly, mostly because I didn’t have too many hard classes. My favorite course was English, and it was also my hardest one. Personally I really liked English classes, where I could write essays, develop writing skills and improve spoken English. Only four days of the winter break are left. Part of me wants to be on a break forever, but I also wish to get started again, starting a new sport and seeing my friends and classmates. 4．Why does the author feel sad before school starts again? A．Her homework is not finished. B．The exchange year will end soon. C．Her school life will get harder. D．The new sport no longer attracts her. 5．How does the school in the author’s home country differ from the one she is in now? A．The courses are richer. B．The teachers are kinder. C．The meals are healthier. D．The holidays are longer. 6．What does the author enjoy doing most with the host family? A．Having a talk in English. B．Playing video games. C．Watching football matches. D．Visiting her relatives. 7．What does underlined word “They” in the third paragraph refer to? A．Classes. B．Tests. C．Games. D．Students. 【答案】4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 【导语】文章主要讲述身为交换生的作者在寒假即将结束时的复杂心情，对比国内外学校差异，介绍足球爱好与期中学习情况，期待返校开启新运动。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I look forward to seeing my friends and starting practice again very much, but it also means I’m officially halfway through the exchange year.(我十分期待见到朋友们、重新开始训练，但这也意味着我的交换学年正式过半。)”可知，作者伤感是因为交换时光很快将要结束。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Honestly, I prefer to have different classes every day, as I did in my home country.(老实说，我更喜欢每天上不同的课程，就像我在本国上学时那样。)”可知，作者本国学校课程安排更加丰富多样。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Now I am addicted to it, especially to watching it with my host parents.(现在我迷上了足球，尤其喜欢和寄宿父母一起看球赛。)”可知，作者最喜欢和寄宿家庭一起观看足球比赛。 7．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Before I left school in December, I had a couple of tests called the midterm tests. They all went pretty smoothly, mostly because I didn’t have too many hard classes.(12月离校前，我参加了几场被称为期中考试的考试。它们进行得很顺利，主要是因为难度较高的课程不算多。)”可知，They指代上文提到的tests“考试”。 六、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 (base) on recent researches, distance learning is slowly proving as 2 (value) as the traditional campus-based form. It is a fixed truth that this form of learning is 3 the increase. Moreover, both students and teachers have expressed their 4 (happy) with these courses. The best part of distance learning courses is their flexible format. Students can continue to work and study at the same time. You will 5 (provide) with the facilities of a virtual (虚拟的) classroom and a virtual campus. Anyone 6 wants to upgrade their professional knowledge to a new level can apply for these courses. With an online study format, the tests and notes can be 7 (access) with just a mouse click from your home computer. However, a student 8 (attend) an online course must take the time management 9 (serious). Every online student must keep in mind that proper management of time and study schedule is the key 10 success in this format. 【答案】 1．Based 2．valuable 3．on 4．happiness 5．be provided 6．who/that 7．accessible/accessed 8．attending 9．seriously 10．to 【导语】文章介绍远程教育的优势，说明其学习形式灵活，同时提醒线上学习者要重视时间管理，这是学习成功的关键。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据近期的研究，远程教育正慢慢被证明和传统校园学习模式一样有价值。此处为非谓语，distance learning与base为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。 2．考查形容词。句意：根据近期的研究，远程教育正慢慢被证明和传统校园学习模式一样有价值。此句as…as中间用形容词原级作表语，value的形容词valuable，表示“有价值的”。 3．考查介词。句意：这种学习模式正在不断增长，这是确凿的事实。此处考查固定搭配on the increase，意为“在增长，在增加”。 4．考查名词。句意：此外，学生和教师都表达了他们对这些课程的满意。形容词性物主代词their后接名词，happy的名词形式为happiness，表示“快乐，满意”，为不可数名词。 5．考查时态和语态。句意：你将被提供虚拟教室和虚拟校园的各类设施。主语You与provide为被动关系，will后接动词原形，一般将来时被动语态为will be done，所以应填be provided。 6．考查定语从句。句意：任何想要把专业知识提升到新水平的人都可以申请这些课程。此处为定语从句，先行词Anyone，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。 7．考查形容词或语态。句意：采用线上学习模式，只需在家点击电脑鼠标就可以获取测试题目与笔记。系动词be后接形容词作表语，access的形容词形式为accessible，表示“可获取的，可使用的”；或此空也可填过去分词accessed，与前面be动词构成被动形式。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，参加线上课程的学生必须认真对待时间管理。此处为非谓语，a student与attend为主动关系，应用现在分词attending作后置定语。 9．考查副词。句意：然而，参加线上课程的学生必须认真对待时间管理。此处考查固定搭配take…seriously“认真对待……”，副词seriously修饰动词take。 10．考查介词。句意：每位线上学习者必须牢记，合理管理时间与学习计划是这种学习模式取得成功的关键。此处考查固定搭配the key to…，表“……的关键”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $