晨读小练60：Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Using Language 课文翻译及语法填空-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

该高中英语学习任务单聚焦选择性必修三Unit 4 Using Language的核心内容，包含《锲而不舍的回报》与《范仲淹》两篇课文的中英对照阅读，通过重点必背词汇短语梳理、语法（如虚拟条件句）讲解及填空练习，构建从课文理解到语言应用再到写作实践的完整学习支架。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，中英对照助力文本理解，范仲淹事迹渗透家国情怀，语法填空与话题作文强化语言运用。重点必背词汇短语指导学习策略提升学习能力，习题设计紧扣课文内容，有效巩固知识点，促进综合素养发展。

高中英语晨读小练素材 Every minute counts. 晨读小练60：选择性必修三 Unit 4 Using Language 课文翻译及语法填空 THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE 锲而不舍的回报 Paragraphs 1-2 We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island. It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of them. Would they ever return to find us? What might happen to them? What if they were delayed? We felt so alone and desperate. But it was not for long. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up. Life fell into a regular pattern. Staying alive took all our time and energy. For example, we needed water, and Elephant Island had none. We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it. But how could we make fire? There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat. This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds. 我们看着沙克尔顿和小船驶离大象岛。很容易想象他们将面临的危险。他们会回来找我们吗？他们可能会发生什么？如果他们被耽搁了怎么办？我们感到如此孤独和绝望。不过，这并没有持续很长时间。没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一点儿音乐能让我们振作起来了。 生活转入了常规。活下去耗费了我们所有的时间和精力。例如，我们需要水，而大象岛没有水。我们发现我们可以融化海洋中的冰块并饮用其中的水。但我们怎么生火呢？南极地区不长树，也没有油料，所以唯一可供我们用作燃料的便是动物脂肪。燃烧脂肪会产生油腻的黑烟，但它即使在强风中也能燃烧。 【重点必背】 What if要是……会怎么样呢？ delay vi.&vt. 推迟；延期(做某事) vt. 耽误；耽搁 n. 延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟 cheer us up使某人振作起来 fall into a regular pattern转入常规 melt vi.&vt.（使）融化；熔化；软化 make fire生火 give off放出(热、光、气味或气体) Paragraphs 3-6 Food was also a problem, as we did not find any vegetables or fruit on the island. One of our group members, Lionel Greenstreet, noted in his diary about how bored with the meals: "The food now is pretty well all meat of sea creatures. If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve." As a chef, it was my duty to cook, so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could. But it was difficult. We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill. It was almost as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few. The sweat could freeze very quickly. Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires. It damaged our eyes and burnt our lungs. The twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months. Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way. We also celebrated our birthdays, festivals, and even the times when we caught a sea animal. This was an episode in my life that I would never forget. When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. We were at last free to go home to warm beds, good food and the care of our family and friends. Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death. 食物也是个问题，因为我们在岛上没有找到蔬菜和水果。我们小组的一员，莱昂内尔·格林斯特里特在日记中提到他对饭菜是何其厌烦："现在食物全是海洋生物的肉。"如果不是海洋动物，我们都会挨饿。作为厨师，做饭是我的职责，所以我想方设法去变化伙食的花样。但这可真不容易。 我们必须小心，不要经常出门，因为变幻的温度可能会使我们生病。穿衣服太多而太热同穿得太少而变冷差不多一样危险。汗水可能很快就会结成冰。我们中的许多人还因为燃烧动物脂肪产生的黑烟而生病。它伤了我们的眼睛，烧伤了我们的肺。 我们22个人就这样在寒冷中生活了四个月。我们的纪律和团队合作精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极的态度成功地克服了恐惧。我们还庆祝生日、庆祝节日，甚至捕获到一只海洋动物也庆祝一番。这是我一生中永远不会忘记的一段插曲。 当我们最终获救时，我们长长地松了口气，欣喜不已，许多人忍不住流下了眼泪。我们终于可以自由地回家，躺在温暖的床上，品尝可口的食物，享受家庭和朋友的关爱了。乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮助我们坚持顽强地活了下来。他给我们的回报则是承诺返回岛上，并且把我们从缓慢而又痛苦的死亡中解救出来。 【重点必背】 bored with对……厌倦的 vary变化；改变 team spirit团队精神 optimistic adj. 乐观的→ optimism n. 乐观主义 deal with应对；处理 episode n.（人生的）一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲 rescue n.&vt. 营救；救援 persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求 pay back回报某人 commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献→ commit vt. 犯(错误、罪行等) → committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的 【课文佳句】 If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve.（if引导虚拟条件句） 要不是有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。 When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.（such...that...结果状语从句） 最终获救时，我们如释重负、喜不自胜，我们许多人都无法掩饰泪水。 FAN ZHONGYAN范仲淹 Paragraphs 1-3 Perhaps one of the most famous sayings in China is, "To be the first to feel concern for the troubles of the world, and the last to enjoy its pleasures." Written by Fan Zhongyan, this 11th century proverb provides a goal for all Chinese government officials to aspire to. Fan Zhongyan (989-1052) himself was a good example of someone who lived by these words. Fan was born in Suzhou in 989 CE. When he was just one or two years old, his father died and his mother married another man. From a very young age, he was very diligent in his schoolwork. Later, he left his stepfather's family and had to stay in a temple, where he was only able to eat porridge each day. In the winter, he had to cut frozen porridge into pieces for his meals. It is said that one day one of his friends noticed that he was not eating well, so he sent over some tasty food. Fan refused to touch it, saying that he wanted to be content with what he had. In 1015, Fan passed the imperial examination and became a government official. While he served in Taizhou, he always had the people's best interest at heart, and so he proposed building a sea wall to protect homes from flooding. This sea wall was later called "Lord Fan's Embankment". Serving with distinction, he helped build up defenses when the country was threatened by war. Then, once the country was at peace again, he was promoted to a high level position in the capital, where he was able to advise the emperor on government policy. 也许中国最著名的一句话是："先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。"这句11世纪的谚语由范仲淹所写，为所有中国政府官员提供了一个向往的目标。 范仲淹（989-1052）本人就是践行这句话的典范。范仲淹于公元989年出生在苏州。在他一两岁的时候，父亲去世，母亲改嫁，他从小就非常勤奋学习。后来，他离开继父家，只好住在寺庙里，每天只能吃粥。冬天的时候，他只好把冻粥切成块来吃。据说有一天，他的一个朋友发现他吃得不好，就送了一些好吃的东西过来。范仲淹不肯碰，说要知足常乐。 1015年，范仲淹通过科举考试，做了官。在台州任职期间，他始终以人民的利益为重，于是他提议修建一道海墙，保护家园不受水灾侵袭。这道海墙后来被称为"范大人堤"。他功勋卓著，当国家受到战争威胁时，他就帮助建立防御设施。后来，国家再次和平后，他就被提拔到京城担任高官，可以为皇帝提供政府政策方面的建议。 【重点必背】 one of the most famous sayings最著名的话语之一 proverb谚语；格言 aspire to向往；立志 live by践行；按照……生活 diligent勤奋的 stepfather继父 porridge粥 it is said that据说…… be content with满足于 imperial examination科举考试 propose vt. 提议；建议→ proposal n. 提议；建议 embankment堤坝 distinction卓越；荣誉 promote to（promote为背拓展单词）被提拔到 Paragraphs 4-8 As an advisor to the emperor, Fan then tried to institute government reforms, known as the Qingli reforms. However, many conservative bureaucrats opposed him, and so the reforms were stopped and Fan was forced to leave the capital and go into exile. While in exile in 1045, Fan wrote an essay entitled Memorial to Yueyang Tower. In the essay, he wondered if it was possible to find government officials who would be firm in their desire to look after the needs of the common people, and not worry about their own personal welfare. Of such a man, Fan said, "When serving in a high office at court, he will be concerned for the people; if living on distant rivers and lakes, he will be concerned for his sovereign. When serving, he worries, while in retirement, he worries. And when does he enjoy himself? One must say: To be the first to feel concern for the troubles of the world and the last to enjoy its pleasures." After Fan retired, he bought a farm and used it to provide jobs for local people. The profits from the farm were then used to pay for the education of poor children. Though by this time he was a wealthy man, he spent all of his money helping others and lived a very simple life. It is refreshing to think that there was once such a person who did not just speak wise words to live by, but who also put those words into practice during his own life. Fan Zhongyan was such a man. 作为皇帝的顾问，范仲淹便试图推行政府改革，即所谓的庆历改革。然而，许多保守的官僚反对他，因此改革被停止，范仲淹被迫离开京城，流放在外。 1045年流放期间，范仲淹写了一篇题为《岳阳楼记》的文章。在文章中，他想，是否可以找到一些政府官员，坚定不移地照顾老百姓的需要，不为自己的个人福利担忧。 他说："居庙堂之高则忧其民，处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧，退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶？其必曰'先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐'乎！" 范仲淹退休后，买了农田雇佣当地人。然后把农田的利润用来支付贫困儿童的教育费用。虽然这个时候他已经是一个富翁了，但是他把所有的钱都用来帮助别人，自己生活非常简单。 想到曾经有这样一个人，他不仅说了明智的话作为生活的依据，而且还在自己的一生中将这些话付诸实践，真是令人耳目一新。范仲淹就是这样一个人。 【重点必背】 institute推行；建立 go into exile流放 entitled题为……的 look after照顾 welfare n. 幸福；福祉；安康；福利 be concerned for为……担忧 sovereign君主 refreshing（refresh为背拓展单词）令人耳目一新的 put into practice付诸实践 【重点短语】 1.turn sb. down 　拒绝(某人) 2.make fire 生火 3.give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体) 4.keep one's spirits up保持高昂的情绪 5.cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来 6.be bored with 对……厌倦的 7.pay sb.back 回报某人 8.be/become stuck in 困住；陷于 9.be enthusiastic about对……热情 10.hold on 坚持住；等一下；别挂断 【课文词块】 1.apply to join the expedition　申请加入探险之旅 2.be full of vigour 朝气蓬勃 3.set off 出发 4.personal belongings 个人物品 5.go from bad to worse 每况愈下 6.make it 获得成功 7.feel low 感到沮丧 8.team spirit 团队精神 9.keep us optimistic 我们保持乐观 10.fill me with hope 让我充满希望 11.join the navy 参加海军 【单元话题作文】 (2024·太原市学业诊断)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Cindy给你发邮件说她想通过背汉语词典的方式学汉语。你认为这个方法不合适。请你给她写封邮件回复，内容包括：1.解释理由；2.提出建议。 Hi Cindy， Hope this email finds you well.I am glad to hear that you are interested in learning Chinese， but I have some concerns about your method. Reciting a dictionary may help with vocabulary， but language learning involves much more than memorizing words.To grasp a language， you'd better understand its grammar， structure and cultural context， which cannot be achieved by single word memorizing.It is suggested that you should expose yourself to real situations like joining a Chinese club， where you can put what you learn from Chinese dictionaries into use.I believe you can make great progress. Looking forward to your reply. Love， Li Hu 【小练1】课文语法填空 （根据课文内容，用所给词的正确形式填空） 1. We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed ____________ from Elephant Island. 2. What if they ____________ (delay)? 3. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music ____________ (cheer) us up. 4. The only fuel we could use was animal fat, which ____________ (give) off oily, black smoke. 5. One of our group members noted in his diary about how ____________ (bore) he was with the meals. 6. If it ____________ (be) not for sea animals, we would all starve. 7. Our discipline and team spirit kept us ____________ (optimism). 8. He paid us back by his ____________ (commit) to save us. 【小练2】词汇或语法填空 9. The boat sailed away ____________ Elephant Island. 10. We felt so alone and ____________ (desperation) that we didn't know what to do. 11. The only fuel we could use was animal fat, which gave ____________ oily, black smoke. 12. One of our group members noted ____________ his diary about how bored he was. 13. ____________ it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve. 【小练答案】 1. away 2. were delayed 3. to cheer 4. gave 5. bored 6. were 7. optimistic 8. commitment 9. from 10. desperate 11. off 12. in 13. If 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $