Unit 4 Period 6 Using Language & Other Parts—Language Points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

Period 6　Using Language & Other Parts—Language Points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．They resolved to fill the new house with some new and fashionable furniture. 2．After the strict interview，only two candidates(候选人) were qualified for the position. 3．The miserable but unforgettable voyage will forever be one of the most precious episodes in my life. 4．Fortunately(幸运的是)，I own dozens of good friends who can share my happiness and sorrow. 5．With some dogs barking at night，terror seized me. 6．My two nephews(侄子) actively took part in the campaign their school launched last week. 7．Our boss assigned me to buy all the motors(发动机) that were produced in a Chinese corporation. 8．I frequently went to the cinema for recreation in my leisure time. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．You will reach your final goal under the guidance(guide) of the wise man. 2．True marriage requires both the husband and the wife to show trust and loyalty(loyal)． 3．I don’t want to do anything that will involve me in a long-term commitment(commit)． 4．The work hadn’t been done very thoroughly (thorough)，which made him angry. 5．It was the most extreme example of cruelty(cruel) to animals I had ever seen. 6．He gave up his job in advertising(advertise) because he couldn’t stand the pace. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．What if your friend lost faith in you? 如果你的朋友对你失去了信任该怎么办？ 2．If I were you，I would not turn down the offer of a free trip to Milan! 如果我是你，我就不会拒绝免费去米兰旅行的邀请！ 3．He was the first to break the silence. 他是第一个打破沉默的人。 loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的(loyally adv.忠诚地；忠实地 loyalty n．忠诚；忠实) be loyal to...忠诚于…… (1)The scientist is loyal to his cause and his constant loyalty(loyal) earns him a great reputation. (2)The loyal boy always treats those around him loyally and this is why he is popular with his teachers and classmates. 这个忠实的男孩总是忠实地对待他周围的人，这就是为什么他很受老师和同学们的欢迎。(话题写作之人物介绍) make fire生火 be on fire着火了 catch fire着火 set sth on fire＝set fire to sth放火；放火烧某物 play with fire玩火；冒险 It was so cold in the room that he had to make fire to keep himself warm，but he soon fell asleep.When he woke up，he found his clothes caught fire and that the house was also on fire.He rushed out immediately and called the police.After a careful investigation，the police drew the conclusion that it was he himself that set his house on fire.From then on，he made up his mind not to play with fire again. 房间里太冷了，他不得不生火取暖，但他很快就睡着了。当他醒来时，他发现他的衣服着火了，房子也着火了。他立即冲了出去，报了警。经过仔细的调查，警察得出结论，是他自己烧着了房子。从那时起，他下定决心不再玩火。 give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体) give away捐献；赠送；颁发；泄露(秘密) give back归还 give in屈服，让步；交上 give up放弃 give out分发；发出(光、热、信号等)；公布；精疲力竭 (1)In the last 300 meters，David gave out，sweat rolling down his face.But he gritted his teeth and made up his mind never to give up.Such was David，a boy with great perseverance，who never gave in to hardships. 在最后300米时，大卫累坏了，汗水从他脸上滚落下来。但他咬紧牙关，下定决心决不放弃。这就是大卫，一个坚忍不拔的孩子，从不向困难屈服。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) (2)With graduation from university drawing near，the Student Association is to hold an activity where graduates will give away their used books to their juniors. 随着大学毕业的临近，学生会将举办一场活动，毕业生们将把他们用过的书送给他们的学弟学妹。(话题写作之活动安排) (3)Mrs Meredith was a most kind and sensitive woman.When she had time，she would give out food and medicine to the poor. 梅瑞狄斯太太是一个非常善良体贴的女人。当她有时间的时候，她会给穷人分发食物和药品。 (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献[commit v．犯(错误、罪行等)；保证；投入 committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的] •make a commitment to...对……作出承诺 make a commitment (to do/doing sth)承诺(做某事) •commit sb/oneself to (do/doing) sth承诺(做)某事 •be committed to (doing) sth承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事 (1)Only if you are committed to online learning can you become a smart online learner. 只有你致力于在线学习，你才能成为聪明的在线学习者。 (2)To improve your writing skills，I strongly suggest that you (should) commit an hour to reading the newspaper every morning. 为了提高写作技能，我强烈建议你每天早上投入一小时的时间读报纸。(应用文写作之建议信) (3)我承诺无论你什么时候遇到困难我都会来帮助你。 ①I make a commitment to come/coming to your assistance whenever you come across difficulties.(commitment) ②I commit myself to come/coming to your assistance whenever you come across difficulties.(commit) What if...？如果……将会怎样？ 教材原句　What if they were delayed？如果他们被耽搁了，那怎么办？(P44) •What if...？意为“如果……将会怎样？”，可以看作“What will happen if...？”的省略形式。 •What about...？/How about...？……怎么样？ What (...) for？为什么？/(……)是干什么用的？ So what？那又怎么样？ Why not do...？为什么不做……呢？ (1)What about meeting (meet) at the nearby restaurant so that we can have a nice small talk? (2)—He didn’t invite me to join them in the recreation. —So what? (3)The mother boiled with anger，screaming，“What for? You failed once again！” (读后续写之愤怒心理描写) (4)Why don’t you join in discussion groups so that you can find friends with similar interests？(应用文写作之建议信) →Why not join in discussion groups so that you can find friends with similar interests? (5)“What if he doesn’t come tomorrow？” the girl asked with worry in her voice. “如果他明天不来怎么办？”女孩问道，声音里带着担忧。 if引导的虚拟条件句 教材原句　If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.要不是有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。(P44) 本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用： 虚拟条件句 主句 与现在事实相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形 与过去事实相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词 与将来事实相反的假设 (1)动词的过去式 (2)were to＋动词原形 (3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形 (1)If I hadn’t submitted myself to difficulties，I would have been admitted(admit) to my ideal university. (2)If I saw/were to see/should see(see) him tomorrow，I would inform him of the good news that I ranked first in the competition held yesterday. (3)If I were you，I would certainly make good use of the time to improve my performance at school and prepare myself well for the future. 如果我是你，我一定会好好利用这段时间来提高我在学校的表现，为自己的未来做好准备。 (4)If I had followed my teacher’s advice，I would have won the first prize in the competition. 如果我遵循了老师的建议，我就会在比赛中获得一等奖。 Ⅰ.一词多义 give out A.发出　B.精疲力竭　C.公布　D.分发 1．My heart sank when the result of the examination was given out. C 2．If they are going to read，why not give out copies of the lecture？ D 3．Although he was a man full of vigour，his strength still gave out because of too much work. B 4．Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out a special smell when being attacked. A Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．Years of hard work has made the skin on her hands hard and rough.粗糙的 2．He has been working for the Party selflessly for 50 years and his commitment has been unquestioned.奉献 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．His loyalty(loyal) and sincerity have won him dozens of good friends. 2.Unfortunately，my house was on fire and firefighters spared no effort to put the fire out. 3．I made a commitment(commit) to him that I would finish the task that was assigned to me. 4．If I had taken(take) your advice，I would have found a decent job. 5．Under the guidance(guide) of my enthusiastic friend，I managed to handle the problem smoothly. 6．He was as selfish as Tom，which made me astonished. 7．I was not sure about how I could step out of the miserable situation. 8．It is with the motive for success that he perseveres in his career. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．My genuine friend has great faith in the football team and we will try our best to practice. 2．We were faced with a cruel fact that we couldn’t complete the challenging task ahead of schedule. 3.Unfortunately，parents often fall into the trap of trying to do everything for their children. 4．Too much garbage gives off a terrible smell and as a consequence，we must clear the litter immediately. 5．I had difficulty dealing with the difficult problem I was undergoing. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．如果我们在学习和生活中遇到意想不到的困难怎么办？ What if we come across unexpected hardships in our study and life? 2．在我看来，只要你不放弃，你迟早会克服困难的。 In my opinion，as long as you don’t give up，you can overcome difficulties sooner or later. 3．换句话说，只有你致力于你的学习和生活目标，你才能最终成功。 In other words，only if you are committed to your learning and life goals can you finally make it. 4．如果你的内心深处有希望，你就会有一个光明的未来。 If you had hopes in your deep heart，you could have a bright future. Ⅳ.完形填空 (2023·山东济宁高二统考期末) It was the middle of winter some 30 years ago.I was a young father with three little mouths to 1 .My college education，however，didn’t help me to 2 a well-paid job.I was working in a woodcutting business for just above the 3 wage.Working outdoors for 8 hours a day had caused my 4 to split (裂开) and bleed at their tips in the cold，dry air. That day at work was harder than normal.We 5 workers.Worse still，the machines kept breaking down.When the day finally ended，I took off the gloves and 6 my painful hands.The splits were 7 than ever and I had bled through the band-aids again.I tried to 8 my back but it hurt badly.I had never felt that tired and 9 before，wondering why life was so tough and how long I could keep doing this. I tried to 10 a smile as I got home.My daughter ran up to me merrily，yelled “Daddy！”，and 11 her little arms around my neck.My heart exploded with 12 .My aches and tiredness disappeared into her 13 .And the joy in my heart 14 the depression away.At that moment I knew I could continue on and that things would get better. We all have 15 fingers and band-aid days in our lives here.But with love we can make it through them all. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了三十年前，作者为了养家，不得不在伐木公司工作，收入微薄，手指因为寒冷而开裂流血，但是家人的爱帮助作者度过了艰难的日子。 1．A.water B．hold C．feed D．whisper 答案　C 解析　根据上文“I was a young father with three little mouths to”可知，作者有孩子要喂养。故选C。 2．A.quit B．offer C．reject D．secure 答案　D 解析　根据后文“a well-paid job”可知，此处指大学教育并没有帮助作者获得高薪工作。故选D。 3．A.minimum B．appropriate C．desired D．original 答案　A 解析　结合上文提到大学教育并没有帮助作者获得高薪工作，所以这里指工资略高于最低工资标准。故选A。 4．A.lips B．legs C．feet D．fingers 答案　D 解析　根据后文“my painful hands”可知，在寒冷干燥的空气中，作者的手指裂开流血。故选D。 5．A.trained B．lacked C．motivated D．fired 答案　B 解析　根据后文“Worse still，the machines kept breaking down.”可知，此处是说缺少工人，人手不够。故选B。 6．A.ignored B．cured C．examined D．washed 答案　C 解析　根据后文“my painful hands”可知，作者干完活后检查自己疼痛的手。故选C。 7．A.worse B．dirtier C．smaller D．nicer 答案　A 解析　根据后文“and I had bled through the band-aids again”可知，伤口裂开得比以前更严重了，又一次从创可贴上流出血来了。故选A。 8．A.lighten B．protect C．straighten D．shake 答案　C 解析　根据后文“my back but it hurt badly”可知，此处指挺直背部，故选C。 9．A.homesick B．free C．embarrassed D．down 答案　D 解析　根据后文“wondering why life was so tough and how long I could keep doing this”可知，作者感到疲惫和沮丧。故选D。 10．A.count on B．put on C．run after D．show off 答案　B 解析　根据后文“a smile as I got home”可知，此处指作者回到家努力带着笑容，故选B。 11．A.reached B．wrapped C．broke D．crossed 答案　B 解析　根据后文“her little arms around my neck”可知，此处指女儿用手臂围绕住作者的脖子，故选B。 12．A.sadness B．complaint C．pity D．love 答案　D 解析　根据语境可知，女儿拥抱回家的作者，所以作者内心充满了爱。故选D。 13．A.worry B．mind C．hug D．room 答案　C 解析　根据上文“her little arms around my neck”可知，疼痛和疲倦都消失在她的拥抱中。故选C。 14.A.drove B．turned C．gave D．scared 答案　A 解析　根据后文“the depression away”可知，心中的喜悦驱走了沮丧。故选A。 15．A.flexible B．bleeding C．powerful D．amazing 答案　B 解析　根据上文“to split(裂开) and bleed at their tips in the cold，dry air”可知，此处指手指流血。故选B。 Ⅴ.语法填空 A photo taken on March 23,2022 shows students attending a livestreamed popular-science lecture given by the Shenzhou-13 crew members.1. class began at 3∶40 p．m.and was attended by students from three classrooms across China. Wang Yaping,2. was assisted by the other two crew members，conducted several scientific experiments.One of the most 3. (appeal) experiments was the “ice ball” experiment.As she shows,4. the space station maintains a fixed temperature at all times，she can transform water into “ice” with only a “tap”．It turned out to be a crystallization(结晶) effect 5. (cause) by the micro-gravity environment in space.Students 6. (enthusiastic) raised questions concerning their daily lives.The live stream was broadcast by China Central Television,7. (draw) a total of 3.3 million views. A number of countries have engaged in space lectures，but only China and the US 8.___________(realize) the live streaming of lectures with smooth two-way connections between Earth and space so far.It will not only promote 9. (man) understanding toward the values of manned space flight but more importantly，serve as an 10. (inspire) to youngsters and boost the country’s talent reserve in the fields of science and technology. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是神舟13号乘组航天员王亚平等三人在中国空间站进行的天宫课堂直播授课及其意义。 1．答案　The 解析　考查冠词。此处特指前面提到的“a livestreamed popular-science lecture”，应用定冠词the，位于句首，首字母大写，故填The。 2．答案　who 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词指人，故填who。 3．答案　appealing 解析　考查形容词。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词experiments，appeal的形容词形式为appealing，意为“吸引人的”，故填appealing。 4．答案　while/though/although 解析　考查连词。句子表示“虽然空间站一直保持着固定的温度，但她只需要一个‘轻扣’就能把水变成‘冰’”，空格处表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，故填while/though/although。 5．答案　caused 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词caused作后置定语，表被动，故填caused。 6．答案　enthusiastically 解析　考查副词。空格处用副词修饰动词raised作状语，故填enthusiastically。 7．答案　drawing 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用非谓语动词，The live stream和draw之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词作结果状语，表主动，故填drawing。 8．答案　have realized 解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由前面的have engaged以及时间状语so far可知，空格处用现在完成时，且主语China and the US是两个国家，因此空格处填have realized。 9．答案　man’s 解析　考查名词所有格。man和understanding之间是所属关系，因此空格处用名词所有格man’s，表示“人类的”，故填man’s。 10．答案　inspiration 解析　考查名词。不定冠词an后跟名词的单数形式，inspire的名词是inspiration，意为“激励人的事物”，故填inspiration。 Ⅵ.读后续写 (2023·湖南怀化高二期末) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tom was a fishing amateur.He once came to a wet place in the roadless forest to fish with his friends William and Tony.They put up their tent upon the top of a pine-clothed mountain and then began fishing.However，none of them was a successful fisherman.They were either made lazy by the sun or wet by the rain.After two days of fishing，they got nothing.Finally they ate the last bit of bacon and smoked and burned the last fearful corncake.If they didn’t get anything to eat，they would have to starve. Immediately Tom volunteered to stay and hold the camp while the remaining two should go miles away to a farmhouse for supplies.Hearing Tom’s suggestion，the two friends gazed at him jokingly，“There is only one of you，be careful，for bears may appear and keep you company！” Tom didn’t take what they said seriously.Then the two men disappeared down the hill in the known direction of a distant wooden house. Night came，but the two men did not return.Tom sat close to his companion，the campfire.He lit a cigarette and felt a thousand shadows were about to come towards him.Suddenly he heard the approach of something unknown，rackling the small branches and rustling(使沙沙作响) the dead leaves.Feeling a bit scared，Tom rose slowly to his feet.His cigarette dropped from his mouth and his knees shook with fear.“Hah！” he shouted in a loud voice in the hope of scaring his opponent away.A roar(咆哮) replied and a bear paced into the light of the fire. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Tom supported himself upon a tree and observed his unexpected visitor. Tom breathed a sigh of relief. 参考范文 Tom supported himself upon a tree and observed his unexpected visitor.The bear was obviously a fighter，for the black of his coat had become brown with age.There was confidence in his small，twinkling eyes.Terrified as Tom was，he must save himself.He started running around the campfire，bear chasing after him.He was close to desperation when the tent fell down onto the burning fire，with the bear trapped inside.He then witnessed the burning tent racing in the direction of the lake，disappearing. Tom breathed a sigh of relief.Maybe it was luck that saved him.Anyway，he was safe now.He rested for a while，rebuilt the fire and waited patiently for his friends.When they came back and saw the tent gone，they asked eagerly what had happened.Tom explained calmly everything as if it had not happened to him.“There is only one of me—and the bear keeps me company！” he said，lighting a cigarette again. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$