晨读小练61：Unit 5 Poems Reading and Thinking课文翻译及语法填空-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

该高中英语学习任务单聚焦选择性必修三Unit5“几种简单的英文诗歌形式”核心内容，从诗歌的定义与特点切入，串联童谣、清单诗、五行诗、俳句诗等具体类型，通过课文翻译、重点词汇解析及句型总结搭建学习支架，帮助学生系统理解英文诗歌的基础形式与语言特征。 资料特色在于整合语言知识与文本理解，“重点必背”模块强化词汇拓展与句型运用提升语言能力，分析不同诗歌形式的结构与功能培养思维品质。语法填空等习题紧扣课文内容，通过语境化练习巩固知识点，助力学生形成自主学习策略，有效提升英语学习效率。

高中英语晨读小练素材 Every minute counts. 晨读小练61：选择性必修三 Unit 5 Reading and Thinking课文翻译及语法填空 A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS 几种简单的英文诗歌形式 Paragraph 1 There are various reasons why people compose poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader's mind. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow. The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, descriptive and vivid language, integrated imagery, literary devices such as similes and metaphors, and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms. 人们写诗有着各种各样的理由。有些诗是为了叙事，或者说是描述读者心目中的某个形象。而有些诗则是为了传达某种感情，比如喜悦和悲伤。诗歌的显著特点通常包括：用词简洁；语言描述生动、形象；具备整合的意象；使用明喻和隐喻等文学手法；词、句、韵、节奏等编排有序。诗人用许多不同格式的诗来表达自己的情感。现在我们来看看几种格式比较简单的诗。 【重点必背】 various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的→ variety n. 多样性 → vary v. 变化 compose vt.&vi. 组成；作曲；撰写→ composition n. 组成；作曲；作文 → composer n. 作曲家 convey vt. 表达；传递（思想、感情等）；传送 literary devices文学手法→ literary adj. 文学的；爱好文学的 rhythm n. 节奏；韵律；规律 Paragraph 2 Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes. They are usually the traditional poems or folk songs. The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes children learn about language. 孩子们最早学习的英文诗是童谣。它们通常是传统的诗歌或民歌。这些童谣（如诗歌A）的语言简单明了，但带有故事情节。许多孩子喜欢童谣，因为它们押韵，节奏感强，并较多单词重复。童谣不一定有什么意义，甚至（有的）看来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。通过童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。 【重点必背】 nursery rhyme童谣；儿歌 folk songs民歌；民谣 to the point中肯，扼要；切题 rhyme n. 押韵词；押韵的短诗 vi.&vt.（使）押韵 rhythm n. 节奏；韵律；规律 repeat vt. 重复→ repeated adj. 重复的 → repeatedly adv. 重复地 → repetition n. 重复 make sense有意义，讲得通 recite vt. 背诵；吟诵；列举→ recitation n. 背诵；逐一叙述 【课文佳句】 By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.（by doing作状语）通过玩童谣中的文字游戏，儿童学习了语言。 Paragraph 3 One of the simplest kinds of poem is the "list poem", which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme. List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme (like B and C), while others do not. 清单诗是诗歌中最简单的一种，它包含一系列发展特定主题的事物、人物、想法或描述。清单诗可长可短，可以重复一些短语，较为灵活，形成固定句型和诗的节奏。有些清单诗有韵脚（如B和C），但有一些没有。 【重点必背】 list poem清单诗 particular adj. 特定的；特别的；讲究的 flexible adj. 灵活的；可变通的→ flexibility n. 灵活性 Paragraph 4 Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines. With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words. Look at the example (D). 另外一种业余爱好者容易写的简单诗是由五行组成的，叫做五行诗。用五行诗，你可以用少量的词语传递一幅动人的画面或某一特定的心情。请看例子D。 【重点必背】 amateur n. 业余爱好者 adj. 业余的；业余爱好的 cinquain五行诗 be made up of由……组成(构成) mood n. 情绪；心情；语气 Paragraph 5 Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables. It has a format of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively. It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers. It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words. The haiku poem (E) on the right is a translation from Japanese, which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly. 俳句诗（Haiku）是一种日本诗，由17个音节组成。它是三行格式，分别包含5、7和5个音节。它不属英诗的传统形式，但是在用英语写作的人们中间，这种诗也是很流行的。它容易写，而且像五行诗一样，它可以用最少的词语呈现出一幅清晰的画面，表达出一种特殊的感情。右边的俳句诗（E）就是从日文翻译出来的，展示了一只蝴蝶生命中的一个瞬间。 【重点必背】 Haiku俳句诗 consist of由……组成(或构成) syllable n.音节 format n. 格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式 vt. 格式化 popular with受……欢迎 delicate adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的 Paragraphs 6-7 English speakers also enjoy poems from China, those from the Tang Dynasty in particular. A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English, such as this one (F). With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try! 说英语的人也喜欢中国的诗，尤其是唐诗。有许多唐诗被翻译成英文，比如这一首诗（F）。 有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，你最终也许想自己作诗了。试一试吧！ 【重点必背】 in particular尤其；特别 eventually adv. 最后；终于 give it a try试一试 【课文佳句】 With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own.（with的复合结构） 有这么多不同的诗歌形式可供选择，你最终也许想自己作诗了。 【单元重点词汇】 1.drama n.戏；剧；戏剧艺术→dramatic adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的→dramatically adv.突然地；戏剧性地；引人注目地 2.sorrow n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲哀的 3.literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的→literature n.文学 4.recite vt.背诵；吟诵；列举→recitation n.背诵；逐一叙述 5.respective adj.分别的；各自的→respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为 6.sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的→sympathy n.同情；赞同 7.innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的→innocence n.天真；单纯；无罪 8.correspondence n.来往信件；通信联系→correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信 9.variation n.变化；变体；变奏曲→vary vi.变化；不同→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n.多样性；变化 10.racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n.竞争；种族 vi.& vt.(与……)赛跑；(与……)竞争 【单元重点句式】 1.句式：the reason why ... 原句：There are various reasons why people compose poetry.人们写诗的原因多种多样。 2.句式：主语＋be＋adj.＋to do 原句：The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy to learn and recite.这些诗也许没有道理，甚至自相矛盾，但是很容易学习和背诵。 3.句式：by doing (作状语)＋主句 原句：By playing with the words in nursery rhymes， children learn about language. 通过玩童谣中的文字游戏，儿童学习了语言。 4.句式：表语从句 原句：The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.原因是他们能感觉到爱的温暖并能享受童年的纯真。 5.句式： with的复合结构 原句：With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own.有这么多不同的诗歌形式可供选择，你最终也许想自己作诗了。 【小练1】课文语法填空 （根据课文内容，用所给词的正确形式填空） 1. There are various reasons why people ____________ (compose) poetry. 2. The distinctive characteristics of poetry include ____________ (economy) use of words. 3. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express ____________ (they). 4. Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are ____________ (nursery) rhymes. 5. The poems may not make sense and even seem ____________ (contradict). 6. They are easy to learn and ____________ (recite). 7. By ____________ (play) with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language. 8. A haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 ____________ (syllable). 【小练2】词汇或语法填空 9. The ____________ (distinct) characteristics of poetry include rhythm and rhyme. 10. Nursery rhymes are easy to learn and ____________ (recitation). 11. Children learn about language by ____________ (play) with words. 12. A haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that ____________ (consist) of 17 syllables. 13. A lot of Tang poetry has been translated ____________ English. 【小练答案】 1. compose 2. economical 3. themselves 4. nursery 5. contradictory 6. recite 7. playing 8. syllables 9. distinctive 10. recite 11. playing 12. consists 13. into 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $