Unit 2 My friends (知识清单）2026-2027学年人教PEP版英语四年级上册

该小学英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 2 My friends的核心语言要素。从字母组合sh的发音规则及例词入手，整合描述朋友外貌与性格的词汇和短语，进而掌握询问朋友信息及描述特征的核心句型，再通过代词用法和描述句型的语法讲解搭建完整学习支架。 知识链路按“语音-词汇-句型-语法-拓展-练习”逻辑递进，涵盖单词、短语、句型等基础要素与代词、描述句型等语法重点。练习设计多样，包括词汇拼写、单项选择、句子转换等，通过情境化语言活动提升语言能力，对比代词用法培养思维品质，助力学生主动构建知识体系。

Unit 2 My friends 单元知识汇总 — 必会内容整理 — 一、重点语音 字母组合 发音 例词 sh /ʃ/ shell 壳；share 分享；shoo 嘘(赶走鸟等时发声音)；fish 鱼；English 英语；shop 商店；she 她；ship 船；short 矮 二、重点词汇 【单词】 单词 单词 单词 his 他的 strong 强壮的 hair 头发 also 也 kind 友好的 quiet 文静的 best 最好的 read 阅读 Chinese 中文；中国人；中国的 play 玩耍 game 游戏 football 足球运动 basketball 篮球运动 always 总是 【短语】 短语 短语 a new friend 一个新朋友 your friend’s name 你朋友的名字 tall and strong 又高又壮 nice short hair 漂亮的短发 short and thin 又矮又瘦 quiet and kind 安静而善良 have no shell 没有外壳 share my shell 分享我的壳 go away 离开 choose our friends 选择我们的朋友 your best friend 你最好的朋友 make me smile 让我开心 help me with English/Chinese 帮助我学英语/汉语 draw pictures with me 和我一起画画 read books 阅读书籍 play games together 一起玩游戏 play football 踢足球 三、核心句型 1. —What’s your friend’s name? 你的朋友叫什么名字？ —His name is Zhang Peng. 他叫张鹏。 2. —Look! He’s tall and strong. 看！他又高又壮。 —He has nice short hair too. 他也有一头漂亮的短发。 —Yes. He’s also kind. He often helps me. 是的。他也很友善。他经常帮助我。 3. —Who’s your best friend? 谁是你最好的朋友？ —Chen Jie. She’s funny. She often makes me smile. 陈杰。她很有趣。她经常让我开心。 4. —How about you? 你呢？ —My best friend is John. He often helps me with English. 我最好的朋友是约翰。他经常帮助我学英语。 5. She likes weiqi, but I like ball games. 她喜欢围棋，但我喜欢球类运动。 四、重点语法 1. 代词 代词常用于代替前面出现过的名词、短语或句子。人称代词分为第一人称、第二人称和第三人称；按照在句子中的用法分为主格和宾格两种形式。 （表中"人称代词"两行：上行为主格，下行为宾格） 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 he she it they 人称 代词 I we you you he she it they me us you you him her it them 形容词性 物主代词 my our your your his her its their 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，也叫代词所有格。放在名词前面用于修饰名词的叫形容词性物主代词。如： my best friend 我最好的朋友 your desk 你的课桌 their classroom 他们的教室 her cat 她的猫 2. 描述某人/某物特征的句型 （1）主语+be 动词+形容词（big/small/tall/short/long/…）。如： She is short and thin. 她又矮又瘦。 His mouth is big. 他的嘴巴很大。 （2）主语+have/has+名词(短语)。如： I have big eyes. 我有大眼睛。 It has wings. 它有翅膀。 （3）主语+am/is/are wearing/wear(s)+服饰相关名词(短语)。如： She is wearing a red hat today. 她今天戴着一顶红帽子。 五、知识拓展 描述人或物外形的形容词： tall 高的 — short 矮的 small 小的 — big 大的 fat 胖的 — thin 瘦的 strong 强壮的 — weak 虚弱的 new 新的 — old 旧的 young 年轻的 — old 年老的 描述人物性格的形容词： kind 友好的 quiet 文静的 helpful 乐于助人的 clever 聪明的 shy 害羞的 六、课后练习 【练习一】根据中文写出英文单词或短语。 中文 英文 1. 强壮的 ________ 2. 友好的 ________ 3. 文静的 ________ 4. 阅读 ________ 5. 篮球运动 ________ 6. 又高又壮 ________ 7. 漂亮的短发 ________ 8. 选择我们的朋友 ________ 9. 让我开心 ________ 10. 帮助我学英语 ________ 【练习二】单项选择。 ( ) 1. —What’s your friend’s name? —_______ name is Tom. A. He B. His C. Him D. Her ( ) 2. Look! Lily _______ long hair. A. have B. has C. is D. are ( ) 3. Zhang Peng is tall _______ strong. A. or B. and C. but D. so ( ) 4. —Who’s your best friend? —_______ is Mike. A. Him B. His C. He D. He’s ( ) 5. She likes reading. She _______ helps me with Chinese. A. often B. is C. has D. / ( ) 6. My friend has nice short hair. _______ hair is black. A. His B. Him C. He D. He’s ( ) 7. Let me _______ a friend. He is kind and quiet. A. choose B. chooses C. choosing D. to choose ( ) 8. She is _______ a red dress today. A. wear B. wears C. wearing D. to wear 【练习三】按要求完成下列句子。 1. His name is Zhang Peng.（对画线部分提问） _______________________________________________ 2. He has big eyes.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 3. She is wearing a red hat.（用 What 提问） _______________________________________________ 4. He often helps me.（用 Who 提问） _______________________________________________ 5. Chen Jie is short and thin.（改写为同义句） _______________________________________________ 【练习四】用括号中单词的适当形式填空。 1. _______ (I) name is Lily. _______ (I) am ten. 2. _______ (he) is my friend. _______ (he) is very kind. 3. This is _______ (she) book. Let _______ (she) read it. 4. The twins like _______ (they) teachers. _______ (they) are nice. 5. Tom, _______ (you) father is a teacher, isn’t _______ (he)? 【练习五】根据中文提示完成句子。 1. 你的朋友叫什么名字？ —_______ your _______ _______? —My friend’s name is Jack. 2. 他又高又强壮。 He is _______ and _______. 3. 她也有一头漂亮的短发。 She _______ nice _______ hair _______. 4. 谁是你最好的朋友？ —_______ _______ your best _______? 5. 她喜欢围棋，但我喜欢球类运动。 She likes _______, but I like _______ _______. 【练习六】连词成句。 1. is, name, his, Tom _______________________________________________ 2. friend, who, your, is, best _______________________________________________ 3. has, he, short, hair, nice _______________________________________________ 4. she, is, wearing, a, today, red, dress _______________________________________________ 【练习七】阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。 Hello! I am Lucy. I have many friends. Zhang Peng is my best friend. He is tall and strong. He has nice short black hair. He is very kind. He often helps me with my English. My Chinese teacher says he is a clever boy. Chen Jie is also my friend. She is short and thin. She has long hair. She is quiet and helpful. We often play games together after school. I love my friends. ( ) 1. Zhang Peng is Lucy’s best friend. ( ) 2. Zhang Peng has long black hair. ( ) 3. Zhang Peng often helps Lucy with Chinese. ( ) 4. Chen Jie is tall and strong. ( ) 5. Lucy and her friends play games together after school. 七、参考答案 【练习一】 1. strong 2. kind 3. quiet 4. read 5. basketball 6. tall and strong 7. nice short hair 8. choose our friends 9. make me smile 10. help me with English 【练习二】 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. C 【练习三】 1. What’s his name? 2. He doesn’t have big eyes. 3. What is she wearing? 4. Who often helps you? 5. Chen Jie is short and thin / She has short hair and she is thin. 【练习四】 1. My; I 2. He; He 3. her; her 4. their; They 5. your; he 【练习五】 1. What; friend’s name 2. tall; strong 3. has; short; too 4. Who is; friend 5. weiqi; ball games 【练习六】 1. His name is Tom. 2. Who is your best friend? 3. He has nice short hair. 4. She is wearing a red dress today. 【练习七】 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $