Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section B(1a-2d) 讲义 2026-2027学年英语人教版八年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦“动植物与人类的联系”主题，系统整合阅读策略（读前预测、速读判断体裁、段落主旨匹配、思维导图梳理蜜蜂重要性/问题/趣事）、词汇运用（名词后缀-ance/-(t)ion/-ness/-ity规律）及语言点（connected/connect辨析、in order to表目的），构建从主题导入到技能训练的完整学习支架。 以蜜蜂为载体设计跨板块活动，通过图片提问激活兴趣，思维导图培养逻辑思维品质，词汇找不同与填空提升语言能力，随堂检测助力学习能力发展。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，强化知识应用。

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section B 1a — 2d How are plants and animals connected with us? (讲义 学生用) 课时基本信息 课题 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section B (1a–2d) 课型 阅读 + 词汇运用课(Reading & Vocabulary in Use) 年级 八年级上册 课时 第 4 课时 教材 人教版(2024)英语八年级上册 主题 How are plants and animals connected with us? 教学重难点 【教学重点】 1. 阅读策略:读前通过标题与插图预测内容(1a);速读判断语篇出处与体裁(1b,科普说明文);段落主旨匹配(1c);用思维导图梳理蜜蜂的重要性 / 授粉 / 问题 / 趣事(1d)。 2. 词汇运用:名词后缀 -ance / -(t)ion / -ness / -ity 的构成规律(2b);用所给词的正确形式填空(2c / 2d)。 3. 语言点:connected / connect(与……相连 / 关联);in order to(为了;以便)。 【教学难点】 1. 名词后缀规律:-(t)ion 加在动词后(act action, imagine imagination, connect connection, communicate communication);-ness / -ity 加在形容词后(good goodness, kind kindness, real reality, popular popularity); important 需先转成 import 再加 -ance importance,易错。 2. connected(形容词)与 connect(动词)的词性辨析及搭配:be connected with / to 与 connectwith / to。 3. 阅读长难句理解(such as, however, in order to 等连接与目的表达);语篇主旨归纳与续写(1e / 1f)的逻辑连贯。 (一)Warming up: Look and share 【过渡语】先观察图片,用英语回答四个问题,自然引出本课主题——蜜蜂。 1a Look at the picture and answer the questions. 1. What animal can you see in the picture? Bees. 2. What are the bees doing in the picture? They are gathering nectar from the flowers. 3. Where do you often see bees? We can often see bees in gardens, parks and other places with plenty of flowers. 4. Do you know bees live together or live alone? Bees live in groups. 【知识点】 核心词块:bee 蜜蜂;gather nectar 采蜜;live in groups 群居;plenty of 大量的;in gardens, parks and other places 在花园、公园等地方。 1a Look and share(观察图片,回答问题) (二)Let's talk: 蜜蜂的习性与重要性 Bees are hard-working insects. They usually live in groups in a hive. Bees feed on nectar and pollen from flowers. When they fly from one flower to another, they help plants grow fruit and seeds. There are different kinds of bees in a group: the queen bee, worker bees and drones. Worker bees collect food, build the hive and look after baby bees. Bees use special dances to share information with each other. When a worker bee finds lots of flowers, it will dance inside the hive to tell other bees where the flowers are. Bees can make honey for us. Honey is sweet and healthy. Most bees can fly about 20 kilometres every day. They visit hundreds of flowers to collect nectar. Without bees, many flowers and vegetables cannot grow well. So bees are very important to nature. 【知识点】 重点短语:hard-working 勤劳的;live in groups 群居;feed on 以……为食物;nectar and pollen 花蜜与花粉;help plants grow fruit and seeds 帮助植物结出果实和种子;queen bee 蜂王;worker bees 工蜂;drones 雄蜂;make honey 酿蜜;be important to nature 对自然很重要。 【提示框】 feed on 与 live on 辨析:feed on 侧重“以……为食物”(多用于动物);live on 侧重“靠……生活 / 以……为主食”。 drones(雄蜂)只负责与蜂王交配,不采蜜;采蜜与筑巢是 worker bees(工蜂)的工作。 Let's talk! 蜜蜂的群居生活与分工 (三)Reading: 预测与速读策略 【过渡语】读前先预测,再速读(skimming)判断文章出处与体裁,建立整体把握。 Pre-reading 1a: Look at the title and the pictures below. Guess what the text is about. The text is about bees and how important they are to us. While-reading 1b: Read the text quickly and answer the questions. 1. Where can we read the passage? A. In a storybook B. In a novel C. In a science magazine D. In the newspaper C(科普杂志,说明文风格) 2. What kind of text is it? A. Narrative text(记叙文) B. Argumentative text(议论文) C. Expository text(说明文) C(Expository text 说明文) 【知识点】 阅读策略:① 读前通过标题与插图预测内容(predict);② 速读判断文章出处与体裁——科普说明文多见于 science magazine;③ Expository text 说明文,客观介绍事物特征与规律。 【提示框】 判断语篇出处 / 体裁:看语言风格。客观、解释性、无故事情节 说明文 / 科普杂志;有情节人物 storybook / novel。不要被个别词干扰。 While-reading:速读判断文章出处与体裁(1b) (四)Reading: 语篇梳理与讨论 1c Complete the mind map with the information from the text.(中心词 Bees) importance(重要性) pollination:help plants grow fruit and seeds;visit 50 to 100 flowers problem(问题) the number of bees is dropping(数量下降) interesting facts(趣事) their greatest work: teamwork(make homes, honey combs);communicate with dances(tell where food is) 1d Discuss the questions. 1. Can you give another title? The Amazing Bees / Bees: Important Animals on Earth / Bees and Our Ecosystem 2. What other interesting facts? Bees can recognize human faces. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks in summer. Bees communicate with special "dances". Only female bees can sting. 【知识点】 1c 思维导图答案:importance — pollination(help plants grow fruit and seeds;visit 50 to 100 flowers);problem — the number of bees is dropping;interesting facts — work hard together(create honey combs),use a dance to communicate where food is。 1d 另拟标题示例:The Amazing Bees(最神奇的蜜蜂)。 【提示框】 mind map 用中心词 Bees 分三支:importance / problem / interesting facts;填空时从原文定位对应句,不要主观发挥。 段落匹配(1c 主旨在 p12):A 保护;B 授粉工作;C 人植物动物相连;D 团队合作与沟通。 Post-reading 1c 思维导图(蜜蜂的重要性 / 问题 / 趣事) (五)读写延伸:续写与联系 1e Imagine you are the writer. Write one more paragraph about bees. Bees also have a strict social order in their hive. There is one queen bee who lays all the eggs. Hundreds of worker bees collect food, clean the hive and look after the young bees. Male bees only have one job: to mate with the queen. Every bee knows its duty, and this teamwork makes the whole group strong and orderly. 1f How do you understand the connection between plants, animals, and people? 示例对话(trees birds tourists):The trees offer homes to birds. Bird-watching brings visitors, which helps local people make money from tourism. If people cut down the trees, the birds will leave, and tourists won't come anymore. Plants, animals and people depend on each other closely. 【知识点】 1e 续写要点:用 strict social order(严格的社群秩序)、queen bee / worker bees / male bees 的分工体现 teamwork。 1f 核心句:Plants, animals and people depend on each other closely.(植物、动物与人紧密相连)。 (六)Vocabulary in Use 2a 找不同 2a Circle the odd ones. Then give your reasons. 1. habit / height / size / weight habit 不同(habit 表行为习性,其余为外形特征) 2. joy / happiness / fun / enjoy enjoy 不同(enjoy 是动词,其余为名词) 3. angry / disappointed / smart / sad smart 不同(smart 描述智力,其余为负面感受) 4. appear / look / seem / watch watch 不同(watch 表“仔细看”,其余表“给……某种印象”) 5. honey / milk / juice / bread bread 不同(bread 是固体食物,其余为饮品 / 流质) 【知识点】 2a 答案与理由:每组挑出不同类词并说明词性或语义差异。重点:词性辨析(noun vs verb)、语义场(physical features / feelings / food)。 【提示框】 找不同三步:① 看词性(n. / v. / adj.);② 看语义场(外形 / 情感 / 食物 / 行为);③ 选出最不属于该类的词并写出理由。enjoy 是动词,其余 three 是名词,最易识别。 (七)Vocabulary in Use 2b–2d 名词后缀与填空 2b Add the endings -ance, -(t)ion, -ness, and -ity to form nouns. act action good goodness kind kindness appear appearance real reality imagine imagination connect connection popular popularity communicate communication important importance 后缀规律: -ness 加形容词后(good goodness, kind kindness);-ity 加形容词后(real reality, popular popularity) -ance / -ence 加动词后(appear appearance, important importance 先转 import);-(t)ion 加动词后(act action, imagine imagination, connect connection, communicate communication) 2c Complete the sentences(appear / disappoint / imagine / store / weigh): 1. I felt disappointed when my favourite flowers died. 2. After the rain, some mushrooms appear in the garden. 3. use bamboo baskets to store food. 4. It weighs a ton. 5. I can't imagine my life without my pets. 2d Complete the passage(however / important / land / planet / protect): play an important role in our planet's ecosystem help to protect farms However, not everyone understands their importance Frogs can live on land and in water. 【知识点】 名词后缀构成规律与 2b / 2c / 2d 答案见上。重点:动词 / 形容词 名词的词性转换; 2c:disappointed / appear / store / weighs / imagine;2d:planet's / protect / However / importance / land。 【提示框】 important 变名词先去掉 -ant 成 import,再加 -ance importance(不是 importence); communicate communication(去 e 加 -ion);imagine imagination(去 e 加 -ation)。 2b 加名词后缀 (-ance/-(t)ion/-ness/-ity) 构成名词 (八)Language points: connected / connect 与 in order to 【过渡语】这两个语言点是本课高频考点:connected 与 connect 的词性搭配,以及 in order to 表目的。 1. At this moment you realize people, plants and animals are all connected. 这时你就会意识到,人类、植物和动物都是相联系的。 connected〔形容词〕连接的;相关的 — be connected with / to 与……相连;与……有关联 connect〔及物动词〕关联;连接 — connectwith / to 把……和……连接 / 联系起来 2. In order to store honey, they create honey combs. 为了储存蜂蜜,它们建造蜂巢。 in order to 为了;以便(表目的,后接动词原形,可句首 / 句中;否定 in order not to do;so as to 只能句中) 【知识点】 connected(adj.)作表语,搭配 be connected with / to;connect(v.)作谓语,connect A with B。 in order to do 表目的,否定 in order not to do;so as to 同义但仅用于句中。 Language points: connected / connect 与 in order to (九)随堂检测 单选题 原题题干:单选题。 1.You can’t learn a foreign language in such a short time any hard work. A.with B.without C.against D.in 2.I think health is the most important. However, many people didn’t realize the of health until they lost it. A.opinion B.fact C.goodness D.importance 3.It’s important to animals because they are our good friends. A.describe B.attend C.cover D.protect 4.—Trees are really important to us. —Yes, I can’t living in a world without trees. A.solve B.connect C.describe D.imagine Exercises: 单选题(含参考答案) (十)随堂检测 完成句子 原题题干:完成句子。 1.她说她很忙。实际上,她只是不想去。 She said she was busy. , she just didn’t want to go. 2.出于这个原因,许多科学家认为蜜蜂是这个星球上最重要的动物。 , many scientists think that bees are the most important animals on this planet. 3.为了赶早班车,他天天早起。 catch the early bus, he gets up early every day. 4.我们需要保护地球上最神奇的动物之一——蜜蜂。 We need to one of the most animals on earth—bees. Exercises: 完成句子(含参考答案) 易错提醒 【易错提醒】 feed on 与 live on 辨析:feed on 侧重“以……为食物”(多用于动物);live on 侧重“靠……生活 / 以……为主食”。 drones(雄蜂)只负责与蜂王交配,不采蜜;采蜜与筑巢是 worker bees(工蜂)的工作。 判断语篇出处 / 体裁:看语言风格。客观、解释性、无故事情节 说明文 / 科普杂志;有情节人物 storybook / novel。不要被个别词干扰。 mind map 用中心词 Bees 分三支:importance / problem / interesting facts;填空时从原文定位对应句,不要主观发挥。 段落匹配(1c 主旨在 p12):A 保护;B 授粉工作;C 人植物动物相连;D 团队合作与沟通。 找不同三步:① 看词性(n. / v. / adj.);② 看语义场(外形 / 情感 / 食物 / 行为);③ 选出最不属于该类的词并写出理由。enjoy 是动词,其余 three 是名词,最易识别。 important 变名词先去掉 -ant 成 import,再加 -ance importance(不是 importence); communicate communication(去 e 加 -ion);imagine imagination(去 e 加 -ation)。 答题技巧 【答题技巧】 参考答案:1. B (without) 2. D (importance) 3. D (protect) 4. D (imagine) 解析:Q1 句意“不努力就无法短期学会外语”,用 without;Q2 名词 importance(重要性),realize the importance of;Q3 protect animals 保护动物;Q4 can't imagine 无法想象。 解题步骤:① 通读全句,判断空格所需词义与词性;② 注意名词后缀词(importance = important + -ance);③ 排除明显不符项;④ 代入复读,确认句意通顺。 参考答案:1. In fact 2. For this reason 3. In order to 4. protect; amazing 考点:In fact 事实上;For this reason 出于这个原因;In order to 为了(表目的);protect 保护;amazing 最神奇的(one of the most + 形容词 + 名词复数)。 解题步骤:① 读中文,确定空格数量与所需短语 / 结构;② 定位对应表达(注意 in order to + 动词原形);③ 检查冠词与动词形式;④ 通读整句核对语法与拼写。 语言点归纳 【语言点归纳】 Language points: connected / connect 与 in order to:connected 【形容词】连接的;相关的 — Your dreams are connected with your hard work. 你的梦想和你的努力息息相关。 connect 【及物动词】关联;连接 — We connect the computer to the printer. 我们把电脑和打印机连接起来。 例句: People connect bees with pollination. 人们把蜜蜂和授粉联系在一起。 in order to 【短语】为了;以便 — In order to get good grades, he reads English every morning. 为了取得好成绩,他每天早上读英语。 例句: I save money in order to protect more wild animals. 我存钱是为了保护更多野生动物。 否定 in order not to do — She gets up early in order not to be late for school. 她早起是为了上学不迟到。 课堂总结 【课堂总结】 本节以蜜蜂为主题,先通过 Warming up 与 Let's talk 了解蜜蜂的群居习性与对自然的重要性;Reading 板块训练预测、速读、段落匹配与思维导图等阅读策略,梳理蜜蜂与植物、人类的紧密联系;Vocabulary in Use 掌握名词后缀构成规律并完成 2a–2d 词汇运用;Language points 学习 connected / connect 与 in order to 的用法;最后通过随堂检测(单选题 + 完成句子)巩固本课重点。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $