Unit4 Amazing Plants and Animals暑假讲义 2026-2027学年人教版八年级英语上册

人教版八年级英语上册 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 暑假讲义 第一部分：知识归纳 一、重点词汇 1. moss /mɒs/ 苔藓 2. blue whale /bluː weɪl/ 蓝鲸 3. redwood tree /ˈredwʊd triː/ 红杉树 4. cheetah /ˈtʃiːtə/ 猎豹 5. bamboo /ˌbæmˈbuː/ 竹子 6. bamboo forest /ˈbæmˌbuː ˈfɒrɪst/ 竹林 7. bamboo shoot /ˈbæmˌbuː ʃuːt/ 竹笋 8. folding fan /ˈfəʊldɪŋ fæn/ 折扇 9. pollination /ˌpɒljɪˈneɪʃn/ 授粉 10. pollen /ˈpɒlən/ 花粉 11. honeycomb /ˈhʌnɪkəʊm/ 蜂巢 12. ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ 生态系统 13. protect /prəˈtekt/ 保护 14. habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ 栖息地 15. appear /əˈpɪə/ 出现 16. weigh /weɪ/ 称重 17. store /stɔː/ 储存 18. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ 想象 19. disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ 使失望 20. connection /kəˈnekʃn/ 联系 21. important /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ 重要的 22. popular /ˈpɒpjələ/ 受欢迎的 23. useful /ˈjuːsfl/ 有用的 24.interesting /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ 有趣的 二、重点短语 1. one of the most… 最……之一 2. the largest and heaviest 最大最重的 3. in the world 世界上 4. among all… 在所有……中 5. grow fast 生长快 6. play an important part/role 起重要作用 7. be connected with 与……有联系 8. protect…from… 保护……免受…… 9. be home to 是……的家园 10. store food 储存食物 11. communicate with 与……交流 12. the number of… ……的数量 13. drop 下降 14. be worried about 担心 15. live up to 活到……岁 16. a symbol of… ……的象征 17. in Chinese paintings 在中国画中 18. one metre in one day 一天长一米 19. build houses 建造房屋 20. make tools and instruments 制作工具和乐器 三、语法精讲：形容词与副词的最高级 最高级用于比较三个或三个以上的人或事物，表示"最……"。 构成规则 1. 单音节词和部分双音节词：在词尾加 -est。例如：fast → fastest, tall → tallest, old → oldest。以不发音的 e 结尾直接加 -st（large → largest）；重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写辅音字母再加 -est（big → biggest）；以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词，变 y 为 i 再加 -est（happy → happiest）。 2. 多音节词和部分双音节词：在词前加 most。例如：beautiful → most beautiful, useful → most useful, interesting → most interesting, popular → most popular。 3. 不规则变化：good/well → best, bad → worst, many/much → most, little → least, far → farthest/furthest。 基本句型结构 1. The + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of 短语。例如：He is the tallest boy in our class. 2. 主语 + be + the + 最高级 + 名词。例如：The blue whale is the largest animal on earth. 3. 主语 + 动词 + the + 最高级(副词) + 介词短语。例如：The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 修饰最高级的常见词语 much, by far, quite, really, perhaps, one of the… 等可以用来修饰最高级，以加强或弱化语气。 四、核心句型与表达 1. What's amazing about the blue whale? It's the largest animal in the world.（蓝鲸有什么奇妙之处？它是世界上最大的动物。） 2. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.（猎豹是所有陆地动物中跑得最快的。） 3. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.（我认为世界上最有用的植物是竹子。） 4. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.（竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。） 5. It's a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture.（在中国文化中，它是善良的象征。） 6. Some bamboo can grow almost one metre in one day.（有些竹子一天几乎能长一米。） 7. Bees are one of the most important animals on this planet.（蜜蜂是这个星球上最重要的动物之一。） 8. Without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow.（没有它们的工作，世界上大约80%的植物无法生长。） 9. The number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried.（蜜蜂的数量正在下降，科学家们很担心。） 10. We need each other to live, and plants and animals are all connected.（我们需要彼此生存，动植物都是相互联系的。） 五、语音知识提示 1. 元音发音：注意 /eɪ/ (whale, rain, stay), /aɪ/ (mice, fly, high), /ɔɪ/ (toy, join, choice) 的发音区别。 2. 辅音连缀：熟练掌握 /bl/ (black, blue), /kl/ (clean, climb), /gl/ (glad, glass), /br/ (bread, bring), /kr/ (cross, cry), /ɡr/ (grass, grow) 的连读。 3. 重音变化：注意多音节词的重音位置，如 redwood (ˈredwʊd), California (ˌkælɪˈfɔːniə), several (ˈsevrəl)。 第二部分：习题训练 一、单项选择题 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 1. The blue whale is _______ animal in the world. A. large B. larger C. the largest D. most large 2. Among all the land animals, the cheetah runs _______. A. fast B. faster C. the faster D. the fastest 3. Bamboo is one of _______ plants on the earth. A. most useful B. the most useful C. more useful D. useful 4. Without the bees' work, about 80 per cent of the plants _______ grow. A. can B. can't C. could D. couldn't 5. The number of the pandas in the wild _______ dropping these years. A. is B. are C. were D. have been 6. We must protect the animals _______ their habitats from being destroyed. A. with B. for C. from D. to 7. Look at the tall redwood tree! It is much _______ than the building next to it. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 8. Bees use a special dance to communicate _______ each other about food. A. to B. for C. with D. at 9. In Chinese culture, bamboo is a symbol of _______. A. bad B. goodness C. disappoint D. worry 10. Some bamboo can grow almost one metre in one day. It grows _______! A. quick B. quickly C. quicker D. the quickest 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Bamboo is one of the most amazing plants in the world. It is very 11_______ in China and has a long history. Bamboo grows very fast. Some kinds can grow almost one metre in just one 12_______! Bamboo is also one of the most 13_______ plants. People can use it to build houses, make tools and even create beautiful musical instruments. In Chinese paintings, bamboo is a very popular subject. It is a symbol of 14_______ in Chinese culture. Bamboo forests are home to many animals, such as pandas. Pandas love eating bamboo shoots and leaves. However, the number of bamboo forests is 15_______ because people cut down too many trees. Scientists are 16_______ about this. If we don't protect the bamboo forests, many animals will lose their 17_______. We must take action to protect bamboo and the animals that live there. Plants and animals are all connected. We need each other to 18_______. Without bamboo, pandas would be in great 19_______. Let's work together to keep our 20_______ safe and beautiful! 11. A. popular B. disappointed C. worried D. useful 12. A. week B. month C. day D. year 13. A. interesting B. beautiful C. useful D. important 14. A. sadness B. goodness C. happiness D. illness 15. A. rising B. dropping C. staying D. appearing 16. A. glad B. excited C. worried D. disappointed 17. A. food B. water C. habitats D. friends 18. A. play B. live C. eat D. grow 19. A. danger B. joy C. surprise D. peace 20. A. houses B. schools C. cities D. ecosystem 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 蓝鲸是地球上最大、最重的动物。 The blue whale is the _______ and _______ animal on earth. 2. 竹子是世界上生长最快的植物之一。 Bamboo is one of the _______ _______ plants in the world. 3. 蜜蜂是这个星球上最重要的动物之一。 Bees are _______ _______ the most important animals on this planet. 4. 没有它们的工作，世界上大约80%的植物无法生长。 _______ their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world _______ grow. 5. 当一只蜜蜂找到新食物时，它用舞蹈告诉其他蜜蜂食物在哪里。 When a bee _______ new food, it uses a dance to tell the others _______ the food is. 6. 我们必须保护动植物，因为它们对我们很重要。 We must _______ the plants and animals, because they are _______ to us. 7. 在中国文化中，竹子是善良的象征。 In Chinese culture, bamboo is a _______ _______ goodness. 8. 蜜蜂的数量正在下降，科学家们很担心。 The _______ of bees is _______, and scientists are worried. 9. 竹子可以用来建造房屋和制作工具。 Bamboo can _______ _______ to build houses and make tools. 10. 我们需要彼此生存，动植物都是相互联系的。 We need each other to live, and plants and animals are all _______ _______. 四、按要求完成句子 1. The cheetah runs very fast. (改为最高级) The cheetah runs _______ _______ of all land animals. 2. Bamboo is a useful plant. (改为最高级) Bamboo is _______ _______ _______ plant in the world. 3. The redwood tree is very tall. (改为最高级) The redwood tree is _______ _______ tree in the forest. 4. Bees are important for plants. (改为最高级) Bees are _______ _______ _______ animals for plants. 5. Some bamboo grows one metre a day. (用最高级改写) Some bamboo grows _______ _______ of all plants. 五、用单词的适当形式填空 1. The blue whale is the _______ (large) animal in the ocean. 2. Bamboo is one of the most _______ (use) plants on earth. 3. The cheetah runs _______ (fast) among all land animals. 4. Bees do the _______ (great) work in pollination. 5. The number of pandas is _______ (drop) these years. 6. This is the most _______ (interest) book I have ever read. 7. We must protect the animals' _______ (habitat) from being destroyed. 8. Bamboo is a symbol of _______ (good) in Chinese culture. 9. Without bees, many plants would be in _______ (danger). 10. Plants and animals are closely _______ (connect) in the ecosystem. 六、补全对话 根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A: Hi, Li Ming! We're learning about amazing plants and animals in English class. (1) ______ B: I think the blue whale is the most amazing. It's the largest and heaviest animal in the world! A: Wow, really? (2) ______ B: Yes, it can weigh up to 200 tons! And it lives in the ocean. What about you? A: I like the redwood tree best. (3) ______ B: That's cool! Why do you like it so much? A: Because it can live for thousands of years. (4) ______ B: I agree. We should do something to protect them. A: (5) ______ Let's start by learning more about them! A. It's one of the tallest trees on Earth. B. So do I. C. What's your favorite amazing animal or plant? D. How heavy can it be? E. It's also very important to the ecosystem. F. Do you know much about it? G. That sounds interesting. 七、阅读还原 阅读下面短文，从A-D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever lived on Earth. (1) ______ An adult blue whale can weigh as much as 30 elephants! Despite their huge size, they eat tiny sea animals called krill. (2) ______ They can be found in all the world's oceans, but they usually prefer cold waters. During summer, they move to polar areas to feed, and in winter, they travel to warmer waters to give birth. Blue whales can live for 80 to 90 years. (3) ______ Scientists study their songs to learn more about their behavior and migration patterns. (4) ______ They help keep the ocean ecosystem balanced. However, their numbers are still low because of past whaling. Now, many countries are working hard to protect them. A. They also communicate with each other using low-frequency sounds. B. These gentle giants play an important part in the ocean ecosystem. C. It can grow up to 30 meters long and weigh over 150 tons. D. Where do blue whales live? 八、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Frogs are nature's little guardians. They are one of the (1) ______ (useful) animals in the ecosystem. Frogs help control insects, (2) ______ they eat thousands of mosquitoes and flies every day. The (3) ______ (small) frog in the world is only 10 millimeters long, while the (4) ______ (large) can be over 30 centimeters! Frogs are connected with water because they need it to lay eggs. Unfortunately, the number of frogs (5) ______ (drop) in recent years. Many are worried about this. Pollution and habitat loss are the main reasons. We must protect frogs from (6) ______ (danger). Frogs also play (7) ______ important role in the food chain. If they disappear, many other animals will suffer. So, let's work together (8) ______ keep their habitats safe. Every frog matters. Even the (9) ______ (quiet) frog in the pond is doing something (10) ______ (amazing) for nature! 九、阅读理解选择 第一篇 We Can't Live Without Bees Bees are small, but they do amazing things. They are one of the most important pollinators in the world. Without bees, many fruits, vegetables, and flowers would not grow. In fact, one out of every three bites of food we eat depends on bee pollination! Bees live in hives and work together in a highly organized way. The honeycomb is a perfect example of nature's engineering. Each hexagon cell stores honey, pollen, or baby bees. Bees also communicate with each other by dancing. The "waggle dance" tells other bees where to find flowers. However, the number of bees is dropping fast. Pesticides, habitat loss, and climate change are the main reasons. Scientists and farmers are working together to protect bees. Some cities are even building bee-friendly gardens. We can help too! Planting flowers, avoiding pesticides, and supporting local beekeepers are simple ways to make a difference. Remember: no bees, no food. Let's protect these tiny heroes before it's too late. 1. Why are bees important according to the passage? A. They make the sweetest honey. B. They help plants grow through pollination. C. They build the biggest hives. D. They dance better than other insects. 2. What does the "waggle dance" help bees do? A. Store honey B. Protect the hive C. Share food locations D. Lay eggs 3. What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A. Bees are disappearing. B. Bees are hardworking. C. Bees like flowers. D. Bees are smart. 4. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the drop in bee numbers? A. Pesticides B. Habitat loss C. Over-harvesting honey D. Climate change 5. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Only farmers can help bees. B. Everyone can take action to protect bees. C. Bees will disappear soon. D. Honey is the most important product. 第二篇 The Amazing Redwood Trees Redwood trees are among the most amazing plants on Earth. They are the tallest trees in the world, with some reaching over 115 meters! The oldest redwoods are more than 2,000 years old, and the largest can weigh over 2,000 tons. These giants grow only along the coast of California, USA. The cool, foggy climate there is perfect for them. Redwood forests are home to many animals, including owls, salamanders, and even elk. Redwoods play an important part in the ecosystem. Their thick bark protects them from fire, and their roots help prevent soil erosion. They also store huge amounts of carbon, which helps fight climate change. Sadly, many redwoods were cut down in the past. Now, national parks and conservation groups are working to protect what's left. Visiting these forests and supporting protection efforts are great ways to help. Standing under a redwood is like stepping into another world. They remind us that nature is both powerful and fragile. Let's make sure they stand tall for thousands more years. 1. What makes redwood trees special? A. They grow in deserts. B. They are the tallest and oldest trees. C. They produce the most oxygen. D. They have the sweetest sap. 2. Where do redwood trees mainly grow? A. In tropical rainforests B. Along the coast of California C. In northern Canada D. In the Amazon basin 3. How do redwoods help fight climate change? A. By attracting tourists B. By providing shade C. By storing carbon D. By making fog 4. What protects redwoods from fire? A. Their leaves B. Their roots C. Their thick bark D. Their height 5. What is the writer's purpose in the last paragraph? A. To describe redwood wood B. To encourage redwood protection C. To compare redwoods with other trees D. To explain how redwoods grow 十、书面表达 题目：My Favorite Plant or Animal 请根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的短文。 1. 你最喜欢的植物或动物是什么？ 2. 它有什么特点？（至少使用2个最高级形容词） 3. 它为什么对你很重要或特别？ 4. 我们该如何保护它？ 参考答案 一、单项选择题 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. B 二、完形填空 11. A 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. D 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. largest; heaviest 2. fastest-growing 3. one of 4. Without; can't 5. finds; where 6. protect; important 7. a symbol of 8. number; dropping 9. be used 10. connected; with 四、按要求完成句子 1. the fastest 2. the most useful 3. the tallest 4. the most important 5. the fastest; of all plants 五、用单词的适当形式填空 1. largest 2. useful 3. fastest 4. greatest 5. dropping 6. interesting 7. habitats 8. goodness 9. danger 10. connected 六、补全对话 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. B 七、阅读还原 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 八、语法填空 1. most useful 2. because 3. smallest 4. largest 5. is dropping 6. danger 7. an 8. to 9. quietest 10. amazing 九、阅读理解选择 第一篇 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 第二篇 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 十、书面表达 参考范文： My Favorite Plant or Animal My favorite animal is the blue whale. It is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. I think it is the most amazing creature because it sings beautiful songs underwater. It is important to me because it shows how wonderful nature is. We must protect its habitat and stop ocean pollution. If we work together, we can help these gentle giants live safely. Let's be their voice! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $