Unit 3 Environmental Protection 一轮复习专项训练 -2027届高三英语人教版选择性必修第三册

**基本信息** 以环保主题为载体，构建“词汇语法-阅读技能-写作应用”三阶训练体系，融合真题实战与方法指导，系统提升语言能力与环保素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇语法训练|5类题型（词形转换/单选等）|考点化训练，聚焦词性转换、被动语态等核心语法|从单词精准运用到语法规则应用，构建环保主题词汇网络| |阅读技能训练|3类真题（浙江卷/全国甲卷等）|真题语篇分析，强化细节理解与语篇结构把握|从单篇阅读到语篇逻辑，培养环保议题的信息获取与思维品质| |应用文写作|1个写作任务（倡议信）|分步骤写作指导（单句构建-语篇组织）|遵循“问题现状-具体行动-呼吁展望”逻辑，提升环保主题表达能力|

选必Book 3 Unit 3 课时一 词汇、语法考点化训练 一、根据提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1. Due to the severe drought, many animals in the reserve __________ to death last summer, drawing people's attention to environmental protection. (starvation) 2. Protecting wild animals is crucial for maintaining the __________balance of the earth.(ecology) 3. Using clean energy is an important way to achieve __________ development in the energy industry. (sustain) 4. The local government has decided to __________ the number of private cars to reduce air pollution.(restriction) 5. In recent years, extreme weather events have occurred _ _____ due to environmental degradation.(frequent) 6.There is a positive t__________ that more citizens are taking public transportation to reduce carbon emissions. 7. All environmental protection proposals must be s__________ to the committee before the end of this month. 8. The a__________ environmental protection conference will be held in this city next month, aiming to discuss global environmental issues. 9. It will take decades to r__________ the damaged forest to its former glory. 10. We can't t__________ people throwing rubbish everywhere, as it harms our environment. 二、选择适当的词块，并用其正确形式填空。 A group of environmentalists started a campaign to protect the local wetland. __________ their own efforts, they called on residents to join in the initiative.Their main task was __________ effective ways to reduce pollution in the wetland. However, improper waste disposal by some factories __________ serious damage to the ecosystem there. Many aquatic creatures were in danger.To find solutions, they often __________ relevant research papers and reports on wetland protection. During their investigation, they met __________ volunteers who were willing to help clean up the wetland. At the end of the campaign, __________ all participants, the organizer delivered a speech, emphasizing the importance of long-term efforts in environmental protection. result in on behalf of along with dozens of refer to in search of 三、单项选择题。 1.Various efforts________in the past decades to protect the environment．（　　） A．had made B．have made C．were made D．have been made 2.On the last day of their week-long stay, John, as well as his friends______ to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.（　　） A．invited B．was invited C．were invited D．had been invited 3.Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ______ yet．（　　） A．hasn't been decided B．haven't decided C．isn't being decided D．aren't decided 4.As fossil fuels are unsustainable, alternative energy, such as sunlight, wind and water，_____ currently.（　　） A．was employed B．is being employed C．were employed D．are being employed 5.Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday.（　　） A．distribute B．distributed C．are distributed D．were distributed 四、用括号中的句式把下列句子翻译成英文。 1. 毫无疑问，增强公众的环保意识是减少城市垃圾的关键。(There is no doubt that …) 2. 如果没有更严格的垃圾分类政策，许多可再利用的资源就会被白白浪费。(without 引导虚拟条件句) 3. 人们相信，推广可再生能源将在很大程度上减少对化石燃料的依赖。(It is believed that...) 4. 人类排放的大量二氧化碳是导致全球变暖的原因。(sth be responsible for sth.) 5.科学家们说，保护生物多样性对维持生态平衡至关重要。(sb say that...) 五、阅读下面的语篇，根据中文提示在空白处填写正确的单词。 Every year, millions of tons of plastic (1)________（漂浮）on the oceans, forming vast “garbage patches” that drift silently across the blue planet. These ugly sights are a warning that our world is in crisis. The good news is that change has already begun. Many governments have begun to (2)________（限制）single-use plastics, while shops reward customers who bring reusable bags and their own cups. These tiny (3)________（调整）in daily life can sharply cut the amount of (4)________（垃圾）we create. Yet laws alone are not enough; personal action matters just as much. When we see rubbish on the ground, we should bend down and pick it up instead of walking past. Choosing public transport over private cars reduces the (5)________（排放）of harmful gases and shrinks our carbon (6)________（足迹）. Technology is lending a hand, too. Engineers are busy (7)________（发布）news about new materials that break down naturally, and improved (8)________（处理）systems turn old bottles into stylish jackets. Such creative ideas are part of a worldwide (9)________（活动）to protect the planet. Education plays a key role. Schools organize green activities such as tree-planting days and beach clean-ups, letting students feel the joy of (10)________（恢复）damaged ecosystems. After taking part, many young people promise to live more harmonious lives and help (11)________（维持）a healthier Earth. Perhaps the greatest challenge is to change our mindset. We must stop treating the planet as an endless store of resources and start caring for it as a fragile yet still (12)________（宜居的）home. Each (13)________（每年的）Earth Day, governments should (14)________（提交）stricter rules, and every citizen must (15)________（抓住）every chance to act to protect our planet. 选必Book 3 Unit 3 课时二 阅读技能训练 一、阅读理解。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 【2023年1月浙江卷·D】 According to the Solar Energy Industries Association, the number of solar panels installed (安装) has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them. Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil. "Solar projects need to be good neighbors," says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE) project. "They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy." InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to "low-impact" solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫). Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities — and now there are guidelines for solar farms. Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. "These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape," says Macknick. 1.What do solar developers often ignore? A.The decline in the demand for solar energy. B.The negative impact of installing solar panels. C.The rising labor cost of building solar farms. D.The most recent advances in solar technology. 2.What does InSPIRE aim to do? A.Improve the productivity of local farms. B.Invent new methods for controlling weeds. C.Make solar projects environmentally friendly. D.Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas. 3.What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4? A.To conserve pollinators. B.To restrict solar development. C.To diversify the economy. D.To ensure the supply of energy. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay B.Solar Energy: Hope for the Future C.In SPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture D.Solar Farms: A New Development 5. Read the text above and complete the following diagram.Negative Effects of Solar Panels Solutions：Promote "low-impact" solar development ②Unpopular with people when installed near them ① ④ ③ 二、语篇结构。 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【2021全国甲】 Swap, Don’t Shop! You keep hearing about recycling, right?But it doesn’t end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源)to make, and buying loads of new clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? 　　　 6 . It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.  A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It’s really easy to do! Here are a few pointers. • Invite 5–10 people so you have a nice selection. 7 , and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.  • 8 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.  •Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 9 . Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.  •Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 10 . And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruit. Remember, it’s a party!  A. Fewer people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep the music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 三、完形填空。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 【2020新高考Ⅰ卷】 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second　11　. He learned the value and beauty of 　12　 there from a very young age.   　　When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 　13　 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 　14　 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 15　, the number of snakes had declined as well. He 　16　 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 　17　. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 18 during the daytime. He turned to the 　19　 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 　20　 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.  　　　21　 young plants in the dry season was 　22　 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 　23　 of each sapling(幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 　24　 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below.  　　Molai 　25　 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.  11.A.dream B.job C.home D.choice 12.A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge 13.A.precious B.interesting C.disturbing D.awkward 14.A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage 15.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise 16.A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted 17.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust 18.A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter 19.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance 20.A.rebuilt B.discovered C.left D.managed 21.A.Decorating B.Observing C.Watering D.Guarding 22.A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial 23.A.back B.top C.foot D.side 24.A.cool down B.keep off C.purify D.collect 25.A.returned B.learned C.failed D.continued 选必Book 3 Unit 3 课时三 应用文写作 单元话题写作：环保倡议 （一）写作指导 1. 导言段： （1）点明问题与现状（如环境问题的严重性：污染、资源短缺等）； （2）强调环保的重要性（对人类生存、未来发展的意义）。 2. 倡议内容： （1） 具体行动建议（分点列出，如减少塑料使用、绿色出行、节约资源等）； （2） 说明这些行动的积极影响（如何改善环境）。 3. 结尾段：呼吁与号召： （1）鼓励读者参与，强调“每个人的行动都有意义”； （2）展望共同努力后的美好未来。再次强化环保的紧迫性，表达对积极改变的期待。 （二）写作训练 假定你是学生会主席李华，学校将举办“绿色校园”环保周活动，请你写一封英文倡议信，呼吁全校师生参与环保行动。内容包括：1. 目前存在的环境问题（如浪费水电、乱扔垃圾）；2. 具体倡议行动（如节约资源、垃圾分类）；3. 呼吁大家共同努力。 第一步：写单句 1.毫无疑问，我们的地球正面临日益严峻的环境挑战。(现在进行时) . 2.浪费水电和乱丢垃圾在我们的日常生活中已变得很普遍，破坏了我们的环境，威胁着我们的未来。(现在分词作结果状语) 3.（1）节约资源——不用时关灯和水龙头，重复使用课本。 （2）将垃圾分为可回收物和不可回收物以减少污染。 （3）短途出行选择步行或骑自行车，而不是开车。 4. 每个小小的行动都很重要。 5.让我们一起努力保护我们的环境。 第二步　组语篇 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 选必Book 3 Unit 3 单元过关 （一）阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 【河北衡水二中2026高三试题】 Soon after Mr. & Mrs. Bacchus started farming their little patch of land, they faced a major problem — a plague of birds fed on their precious crops. Then, a man stopped on the road outside their house, and asked the couple if he could take photographs of the birds on the property. Afterwards, he suggested that instead of trying to get rid of the birds, they should instead learn to live alongside them, and Maraksacha Reserve was born. Today, the couple credit this man, the celebrated bird photographer Manu Espinosa, with changing their lives, and helping them persuade others of the vital importance of conservation in this region. Birding tourism is flourishing in Ecuador, with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups. Ecuador contains a variety of ecosystems at differing elevations, which helps explain why it’s among the top 10 countries in the world for bird diversity. The country is home to over 1,600 bird species — nearly double the number found in all of Europe — within an area just slightly larger than the UK. As the business of birding grows, more and more farmers are switching their land from agriculture to bird reserves, benefiting not just the birds, but the country’s economy too. One notable example is the Ajila family, who have devoted themselves to preserving the long-wattled umbrellabird. On his land near Recinto, landowner Luis Ajila has switched from dairy farming to conservation, replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists — work that he says is a better livelihood than farming. “Wildlife tourism is much more profitable than farming, but that wasn’t our only motivation.” says Luis Jr., Ajila’s son. “We aimed to protect not just the umbrella bird, but all the unique wildlife here, safeguarding them for future generations.” Since 2005, Angel Paz has transformed his former dairy farm into a bird reserve. At first, things didn’t go to plan: it took a month for the first visitor to arrive, and he paid just $10 for a four-hour tour. Since then, however, thousands of people have made the pilgrimage. “I have protected my home and its bird life for almost two decades, and finally watched the wildlife — and the people who visit — flourish,” Angel Paz says. 1．What advice did the photographer give to the couple? A．Photographing the birds. B．Coexisting with the birds. C．Protecting their precious crops. D．Taking care of their property. 2．What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A．How Ecuador is geographically unique. B．What distinguishes Ecuador’s biodiversity. C．What makes Ecuador a birding destination. D．How birding tourism is operated in Ecuador. 3．What have the Ajila family achieved? A．Helping other farmers shake off poverty. B．Combining profitability with sustainability. C．Applying new technology in modern farming. D．Changing the landscapes of their residential areas. 4．What can we learn from Ángel Paz’s story? A．Well begun is half done. B．It takes time to bear fruit. C．The early bird catches the worm. D．The secret to success is adaptability. B 【2025·全国二卷·高考真题】 Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 5．What can be inferred about the author’s early life? A．He witnessed food shortages. B．He enjoyed the local cuisine. C．He donated food to Africans. D．He helped to cook at home. 6．Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment? A．To customize dishes for guests. B．To make the public aware of food waste. C．To test a food processing method. D．To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems. 7．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why the ingredients were used. B．Which dishes were best liked. C．What the dishes were made of. D．Where the ingredients were bought. 8．What can we learn about wastED? A．It has ended as planned. B．It is creating new jobs. C．It has regained popularity. D．It is criticized by top chefs. （二）完形填空 【2025届河南实验模拟】 Wildfires continued to rage across Southern California. Rescuers were working 9 to save not just residents but also the innocent 10 caught in the disaster. Kalyna Fedorowycz, a 16-year-old equestrian (马术骑手), turned up to rescue a horse named Sovereignty, which was 11 by its owner because it was too scared to get aboard the transport truck. After finding the horse still at the farm, Kalyna became 12 about it. “We’ve got to get him out of here,” she said. She could only think of one solution: 13 the horse and leading it to safety. In the now-viral video taken by her father, Fedorowycz was trying to 14 the horse away from the area — sometimes 15 , other times walking or jogging beside it, while 16 stroking the horse’s neck. She remained 17 and patiently led Sovereignty through high winds, clouds of smoke, fallen trees, and more on the14-mile journey. One TikTok user 18 , “I don’ t think most people realize how 19 something like this is. This was so brave, and I have much 20 for you.” Horses and other animals are always in danger when wildfires tear through their habitats. Though many people do their best to save them, the creatures might get so scared that they run away, making 21 attempts difficult. And even if when they survive wildfires, the smoke from these fires can 22 affect their health. Thankfully, Fedorowycz’s 23 and care saved Sovereignty. 9． A．hopelessly B．tirelessly C．randomly D．secretly 10．A．animals B．treasures C．athletes D．volunteers 11．A．left behind B．picked out C．taken away D．dressed up 12．A．angry B．crazy C．curious D．concerned 13．A．observing B．selling C．mounting D．raising 14．A．alarm B．push C．force D．guide 15．A．lying B．climbing C．riding D．flying 16．A．roughly B．gently C．rapidly D．suddenly 17．A．calm B．comforted C．anxious D．upset 18．A．suggested B．predicted C．commented D．warned 19．A．challenging B．interesting C．confusing D．profitable 20．A．pity B．respect C．care D．curiosity 21．A．exploration B．rebuilding C．training D．rescue 22．A．regularly B．positively C．hardly D．seriously 23．A．generosity B．pride C．determination D．admiration （三）语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 【2024湖北部分学校模拟改编】 When Juni Stefanus Santoso from Indonesia rode a camel in a desert in Dunhuang, Gansu Province—an important cultural center on the Silk Road 　　24　　 cultures from the East and the West met and mixed hundreds of years ago—he felt like he was “stepping into another world” that was foreign, and very different from his previous 　　25　　(impress) of China.  On a four-day trip to Dunhuang in late April, Santoso, together with other foreign students, mostly from nations along the Silk Road, 　　26　　(be) on a cultural journey to explore the desert landscape, to visit the local museum, 　　27　　 to communicate with students from the Dunhuang College of Northwest Normal University. All of these activities offered the 23-year-old Indonesian an impressive experience, 　　28　　 which he could learn the culture of ancient China.  “It was so 　　29　　(amaze). It’s like another side of the country,” says Santoso. Before he came to China, he thought it was　　30　　country full of technology-related companies—an impression that was supported by the fast and convenient technology-　　31　　(drive) services that came to be a part of his daily life when he moved to Tianjin.  “I was impressed by China’s science and technologies before coming to China. You can do everything on your phone,” says Santoso, 　　32　　(refer) to services like electronic payment and online shopping.  The cultural trip, however, showed Santoso a view of China where art and goods were transported along the Silk Road more than a thousand years ago. The young man said he 　　33　　(teach) a little bit about the Silk Road in his middle school history class.  24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. （四）应用文写作 【2024江西九江二模】 学校学生会为6月6 日全国爱眼日(National Eye Care Day)征集英文倡议书,以“照顾好眼睛,避免近视”为题,根据图表中的调查结果对同学发出倡议。内容要点如下: 1. 简述少年儿童近视现状; 2. 提出护眼建议; 3. 发出倡议。 注意: 1. 词数80个左右; 2. 开头已给出,可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Take Care of Our Eyes and Avoid Myopia We are living in an era of rapid technological development, where electronic products have become an indispensable part of our daily lives. The Students’ Union 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 选必Book 3 Unit 3 课时一 词汇、语法考点化训练（答案） 一、单元重点词汇练习：根据提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1. starved 2. ecological 3. sustainable 4. restrict 5. frequently 6. trend 7. submitted 8. annual 9. restore 10. tolerate 二、选择适当的词块，并用其正确形式填空。 1. Along with 2. in search of 3. resulted in 4. referred to 5. dozens of 6. on behalf of 三、单项选择题。 1【答案】D 【分析】在过去几十年中已经做了各种各样的努力来保护环境． 【解答】根据句意和时间状语in the past decades可知这句话使用现在完成时，efforts和make是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动．故选：D． 2．【答案】B 【分析】在他们为期一周的逗留的最后一天，约翰和他的朋友们被邀请到北岸一个美丽的农场，在星空下听一场私人音乐会。 【解答】根据状语On the last day of their week﹣long stay要用一般过去时，排除D项；当主语后面跟有as well as连接的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数不受这些词语的影响，本句主语John是单数，排除C项；且John与invite之间是动宾关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态，排除A项，只有B项正确。故选：B。 3．【答案】A 【分析】詹姆斯教授将给我们做一个关于西方文化的讲座，但是何时何地进行还没有决定． 【解答】根据主句when and where作主语时，谓语常用单数．排除B和D，和yet搭配用现在完成时，when and where和decide是被动关系。故选：A。 4．【答案】B 【分析】由于化石燃料是不可持续的，目前正在使用替代能源，如阳光、风和水。 【解答】考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据句意和时间状语"currently"（目前）可知，此空要用现在进行时；句子主语为alternative energy，其后附件加成分"such as sunlight，wind and water"不影响主语的人称和数，energy是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式；主语与谓语动词employ之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；所以空格处用现在进行时的被动语态。故选：B。 5．【答案】D 【分析】上周日飓风过后，食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。 【解答】句意：上周日飓风过后，食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。分析句子可知，Food and medical supplies作主语，为复数，与动词distribute"分发"之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be distributed；根据后文last Sunday可知，句子需用一般过去时态，故be动词要用were。故选：D 四、用括号中的句式把下列句子翻译成英文。 1.There is no doubt that raising the public’s environmental awareness is the key to reducing urban waste. 2.Without stricter waste-sorting policies, a great deal of reusable resources would be wasted. 3. It is believed that promoting renewable energy will greatly reduce the dependence on fossil fuels. 4. The large amount of carbon dioxide emitted by humans is responsible for global warming. 5. Scientists say that protecting biodiversity is crucial to maintaining ecological balance. 五、阅读下面的语篇，根据中文提示在空白处填写正确的单词。 1. float 2. restrict 3. adjustments 4. rubbish /garbage 5. emission/emissions 6. footprint 7. releasing 8. processing/disposal 9. campaign 10.restoring /recovering 11. sustain/maintain 12. habitable 13. annual 14. submit/ propose 15. seize 选必Book 3 Unit 3 课时二 阅读技能训练（答案） 1、 阅读理解。 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【解析】随着太阳能的普及,越来越多的太阳能电池板被安装在各个社区,这不可避免地给环境,尤其是农业环境,带来消极影响。 1.B　理解具体信息　根据第二段内容可知,太阳能开发者们想要尽可能快速和廉价地安装太阳能电池板,所以他们不太考虑如何处理电池板下的环境。他们往往会在下面放一些碎石,而且用除草剂除草,这给环境带来了破坏。所以B项"安装太阳能电池板的消极影响"符合题意。 2.C　理解具体信息　根据第三段中的"InSPIRE is investigating...to the land"可知,InSPIRE项目正在寻求对环境影响小的发展太阳能的方式,力求做到"对土地友好"。所以C项"使太阳能项目环保"符合题意。 3.A　理解具体信息　明题意:本题问"第四段中提到的法律的目的是什么?"→做推断:根据第四段第二句可知,有超过28个州通过了与传粉昆虫栖息地保护和杀虫剂使用有关的法律→定答案:所以A项"保护传粉昆虫"符合题意。 4.D　理解主旨要义(标题判断)　文章第一、二段主要指出目前存在的问题:太阳能电池板对环境尤其是农业环境的消极影响。第三段给出了解决方案:建立和经营对土地更友好的太阳能农场。第四、五段介绍了传粉昆虫友好型太阳能农场建设的积极影响。所以纵观全文,关键词应该是solar farms,所以D项是最佳选项。 5. ①Take up a lot of space. ③ Harm the soil. ④Provide habitat for pollinators under panels. 二、语篇结构。 【答案】6．B 7．A 8．G 9．F 10．D 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。 6. B根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly- good-but-you 're- maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?（那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.（这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。）”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Hold a clothing swap.（进行衣物交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。 7. A 根据上文“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”（邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选择。）说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少。 8. G根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”（他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。 9. F 根据上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。）”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。 10. D 上文“Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”（设置开始时间。也许你说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。）打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!”（别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，这是个派对！）讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项“Just keep the music playing throughout.”（要始终播放音乐。）承上启下，说明在派对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意。 三、完形填空。 【答案】11-15 CACDA  16-20 BBDCB    21-25 CABDD 【解析】本文讲述Molai在16岁时发现由于洪水的破坏,他的家乡鸟和蛇的数量减少,于是他开始寻求解决方法。发现种树可以解决问题后,他坚持种树多年,为动植物建造了一个家园。 11.C　文章首句提到Molai在一个小村庄长大,结合语境可知,此处表示一些湿地变成了他的第二个家(home)。 12.A　根据上文提到的湿地和下文讲述的Molai为保护动物而种树可知,这里指的是在很小的年纪,他就知道了自然(nature)的重要性和美丽。 13.C　根据下文表述的洪水发生了,鸟和蛇的数量都减少了可知,这里指的是他家周围发生了一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。 14.D　根据语境和空后的"it caused"可知,这里指的是洪水带来的破坏(damage)。 15.A　空前提到鸟的数量减少了,空后提到蛇的数量也减少了,故此处用Besides(此外)。 16.B　根据语境可知,这里指的是他意识到(realized)这是因为没有足够的树。 17.B　根据下句中的"during the daytime"并结合常识可知,这里指的是没有足够的树去保护这些动物免受高温(heat)的伤害。 18.D　根据空前的"plant trees"及语境可知,解决方法是种树,以便于这些动物在白天可以寻求到庇护(shelter)。 19.C　根据上文提到的解决方法是种树以及下文中的"for help but was told that nothing would grow there"可知,他向林业部门求助。forest"林区,森林"符合语境。 20.B　根据空前的"Molai went looking on his own"以及空后的"a nearby island where he began to plant trees"可知,此处表示他发现(discovered)了一个附近的岛屿。 21.C　根据下文中的"The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below"及语境可知,这里指的是在旱季给小树浇水,故用Watering。 22.A　根据空后的"for a lone boy"可知,对这个男孩来说,独自一个人在旱季给小树浇水是艰难的(tough)。 23.B　根据下文中的"The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below"可知,他是在每棵幼树的顶部(top)搭建竹台。 24.D　根据空前的"where he placed earthen pots with small holes"和空后的"rainwater"以及"The water"可知,这里指用陶罐收集(collect)雨水。 25.D　根据空后的"to plant trees for the next 37 years"以及下文可知,他是在接下来的37年中继续(continued)种树 选必Book 3 Unit 3 课时三 应用文写作（参考答案） There is no doubt that our planet is facing increasingly severe environmental challenges. Waste of water and electricity, along with littering, has become common in our daily life, damaging our surroundings and threatening our future. It’s time for us to take action to build a "green campus". Here are some practical steps we can take: First, save resources—turn off lights and taps when not in use, and reuse textbooks. Second, sort waste into recyclables and non-recyclables to reduce pollution. Third, choose walking or biking for short trips instead of taking cars. Every small action counts. Let’s work together to protect our environment. With our joint efforts, we can make our campus cleaner, greener, and more beautiful. The Students’ Union 选必Book 3 Unit 3 单元过关 一、阅读理解。 A.【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了一对爱鸟夫妇和摄影师Manu Espinosa在厄瓜多尔创办了保护区，发展观鸟旅游业，同时带动其他农户将农田转变为观鸟地，这既促进了当地的旅游业又保护了环境。 1．B细节理解题。由第一段中“Afterwards, he suggested that instead of trying to get rid of the birds, they should instead learn to live alongside them, and Maraksacha Reserve was born. (后来，他（摄影师）建议，与其试图赶走这些鸟，不如学会和它们一起生活，于是马拉克萨查保护区就诞生了)”可知，摄影师建议这对夫妇与鸟类共存。故选B项。 2．C主旨大意题。由第三段“Birding tourism is flourishing in Ecuador, with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups. Ecuador contains a variety of ecosystems at differing elevations, which helps explain why it’s among the top 10 countries in the world for bird diversity. The country is home to over 1,600 bird species — nearly double the number found in all of Europe — within an area just slightly larger than the UK. (观鸟旅游在厄瓜多尔蓬勃发展，专业旅游团越来越多。厄瓜多尔拥有不同海拔的各种生态系统，这有助于解释为什么它是世界上鸟类多样性排名前十的国家之一。该国拥有1600多种鸟类，几乎是整个欧洲鸟类的两倍，其面积略大于英国)”可知，第三段指出厄瓜多尔因多样的生态系统和高海拔差异，成为全球鸟类多样性前十的国家，并吸引观鸟旅游，C项“是什么让厄瓜多尔成为观鸟目的地”概括了厄瓜多尔成为观鸟目的地的核心原因。故选C项。 3．B推理判断题。由第四段中“On his land near Recinto, landowner Luis Ajila has switched from dairy farming to conservation, replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists — work that he says is a better livelihood than farming. (在累西托附近的土地上，土地所有者路易斯·阿吉拉（Luis Ajila）已经从奶牛养殖转向了保护，重新种植了树木，并向游客推广了该地——他说这项工作比农业更能维持生计)”和第五段中Luis Jr., Ajila’s son说的话“Wildlife tourism is much more profitable than farming, but that wasn’t our only motivation (野生动物旅游比农业更有利，但这不是我们唯一的动机)”“We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird, but all the unique wildlife here, safeguarding them for future generations. (我们的目标不仅是保护雨伞鸟，还要保护这里所有独特的野生动物，为子孙后代保护它们)”可知，Ajila家族将农场转为保护区，既保护伞鸟（长须伞鸟）又通过生态旅游获利，Ajila的儿子明确提到“旅游比农业更盈利，但保护动机同样重要”，体现经济与生态可持续性的结合。故选B项。 4．B推理判断题。由最后一段中“At first, things didn’t go to plan: it took a month for the first visitor to arrive, and he paid just $10 for a four-hour tour. Since then, however, thousands of people have made the pilgrimage. “I have protected my home and its birdlife for almost two decades, and finally watched the wildlife — and the people who visit — flourish,” Angel Paz says. (起初，事情并没有按计划进行：第一位游客花了一个月的时间才到达，他只花了10美元就完成了四个小时的旅行。然而，从那以后，成千上万的人进行了朝圣。Angel Paz说：“近二十年来，我一直在保护我的家和它的鸟类，终于看到了野生动物和游客的蓬勃发展。”)”可知，Angel Paz的保护区初期游客稀少且收入微薄，但经过长期坚持（近20年），最终游客增多，生态与旅游业共同繁荣，B项“需要时间才能见效”准确反映了这一过程，强调耐心与坚持的重要性。故选B项。 B.【答案】5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物浪费问题，并以纽约一家餐厅的短期实验项目“wastED”为例，该餐厅通过创意改造本该被丢弃的食材制作菜品，以此提高人们对可持续饮食的关注。 5．A推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. (这种感觉或许源于在南非的成长经历 —— 在那里，“非洲还有孩子在挨饿” 这句话与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是对现实令人不安的提醒)” 可知，作者在南非长大，那里有孩子挨饿是事实，由此可推断作者早年目睹了食物短缺的情况。故选A。 6．B细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. (每道菜都是量身定制的，以提高人们对食物浪费的认识)”可知，Blue Hill餐厅进行这个实验，将菜单改为只提供原本会被扔掉的食物，是为了提高公众对食物浪费的认识。故选B。 7．C主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. (值得注意的是，从技术上讲，wastED的菜单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使用的食材都是大多数餐馆永远不会考虑供应的肉类部位和农产品。羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等东西都被重新利用，在许多优秀厨师的助力下，变成了美味的菜肴)”可知，本段主要介绍了wastED菜单上的菜品所用的配料，如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等，所以本段主要讲的是这些菜肴是由什么做成的。故选C。 8．A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. (尽管 wastED 餐厅收获了热烈的评价，但它从一开始就被设计为短期实验项目；此后，Blue Hill 餐厅已回归常规菜单)”可知，wastED从一开始就被设计为短期实验，现在餐厅已恢复常规菜单，从而推断，实验项目“wastED”已经按计划结束了。故选A。 （二）完形填空 【答案】9．B 10．A 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．C 16．B 17．A 18．C 19．A 20．B 21．D 22．D 23．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在南加州野火肆虐期间，16岁的马术骑手Kalyna Fedorowycz如何勇敢地拯救一匹被主人遗弃的马的故事。 9.B考查副词词义辨析。句意：救援人员正在不懈地工作，以拯救不仅是居民，还有在灾难中无辜的动物。A. hopelessly绝望地；B. tirelessly不懈地；C. randomly随机地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“to save”可知，救援人员在不懈地工作。故选B。 10.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：救援人员正在不懈地工作，以拯救不仅是居民，还有在灾难中无辜的动物。A. animals动物；B. treasures 珍宝；C. athletes运动员；D. volunteers志愿者。根据下文拯救horse可知，救援人员也拯救动物。故选A。 11.A考查动词短语辨析。句意：Kalyna Fedorowycz，一位16岁的马术骑手，前来拯救一匹名为Sovereignty的马，这匹马因为太害怕而无法登上运输车，被主人遗弃了。A. left behind遗弃；B. picked out挑选；C. taken away带走；D. dressed up打扮。根据下文“because it was too scared to get aboard the transport truck”可知，这匹马被主人遗弃了。故选A。 12.D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在发现这匹马还在农场后，Kalyna变得非常关心它。A. angry生气的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. curious好奇的；D. concerned关心的。根据上文“After finding the horse still at the farm”可知，Kalyna变得非常关心这匹马。故选D。 13.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只能想到一个解决办法：骑上这匹马，并带领它到安全的地方。A. observing观察；B. selling卖；C. mounting骑上；D. raising举起。根据下文“Sleading it to safety.”可知，Kalyna决定骑上这匹马。故选C。 14.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她父亲拍摄的现在广为流传的视频中，Fedorowycz试图引导这匹马离开该地区，有时骑马，有时步行或在旁边慢跑。A. alarm警报；B. push推；C. force强迫；D. guide引导。根据下文“sometimes ___7___, other times walking or jogging beside it”可知，Fedorowycz试图引导这匹马离开。故选D。 15.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她父亲拍摄的现在广为流传的视频中，Fedorowycz试图引导这匹马离开该地区，有时骑马，有时步行或在旁边慢跑，同时轻轻地抚摸着马的脖子。A. lying躺；B. climbing爬；C. riding骑；D. flying飞。根据上文“___5___ the horse”可知，Fedorowycz有时骑马。故选C。 16.B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在她父亲拍摄的现在广为流传的视频中，Fedorowycz试图引导这匹马离开该地区，有时骑马，有时步行或在旁边慢跑，同时轻轻地抚摸着马的脖子。A. roughly粗暴地；B. gently轻轻地；C. rapidly迅速地；D. suddenly突然地。根据上文“r because it was too scared to get aboard the transport truck.”可知，马已经受到了惊吓，所以Fedorowycz轻轻地抚摸着马的脖子。故选B。 17.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她保持冷静，耐心地带领Sovereignty穿过大风、烟雾、倒下的树木等，完成了14英里的旅程。A. calm冷静的；B. comforted安慰的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. upset不安的。根据下文“patiently ”可知，Fedorowycz保持冷静。故选A。 18.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位TikTok用户评论道：“我认为大多数人没有意识到这样的事情有多么具有挑战性。这真是太勇敢了，我非常尊重你。”A. suggested建议；B. predicted预测；C. commented评论；D. warned警告。根据上文“One TikTok user”可知，这位用户是在评论。故选C。 19.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为大多数人没有意识到这样的事情有多么具有挑战性。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. interesting有趣的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. profitable有利可图的。根据下文“attempts difficult.”可知，这样的事情具有挑战性。故选A。 20.B考查名词词义辨析。句意：这真是太勇敢了，我非常尊重你。A. pity同情；B. respect尊重；C. care关心；D. curiosity好奇。根据上文“This was so brave”可知，这位用户对Fedorowycz表示尊重。故选B。 21.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管许多人尽力拯救它们，但这些动物可能会因为太害怕而逃跑，使得救援尝试变得困难。A. exploration探索；B. rebuilding重建；C. training训练；D. rescue救援。根据上文“Though many people do their best to save them, the creatures might get so scared that they run away”可知，救援尝试变得困难。故选D。 22．D考查副词词义辨析。句意：即使它们在野火中幸存下来，这些火灾产生的烟雾也会严重影响它们的健康。A. regularly定期地；B. positively积极地；C. hardly几乎不；D. seriously严重地。根据上文“these fires”可知，烟雾会严重影响它们的健康。故选D。 23．C考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，Fedorowycz的决心和关怀拯救了Sovereignty。A. generosity慷慨；B. pride骄傲；C. determination决心；D. admiration钦佩。根据上文“After finding the horse still at the farm, Kalyna became ___4___ about it.”可知，Fedorowycz的决心拯救了这匹马。故选C。 （三）语法填空 【答案】24.where　 25. impression　 26.was　 27.and　 28. from/through　 29. amazing　 30.a　 31.driven　 32.referring　 33.was taught 【解析】24.考查定语从句关系词。先行词是“an important cultural center”，表示地点，且从句“cultures from the East and the West met and mixed hundreds of years ago”中不缺主语或宾语，缺地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。 25.考查名词。形容词性物主代词“his previous后应接名词，“impress”的名词形式是“impression”，表示“印象”，此处用单数形式。 26.考查主谓一致和时态。句子主语是“Santoso,together with other foreign students...'together with”连接的成分不影响主语的单复数，主语Santoso是单数，且全文时态为一般过去时，所以be动词用was。 27.考查连词。此处“to explore... to visit... and to communicate..”是三个并列的不定式短语作目的状语，所以用and连接。 28.考查介词。“learn... from/through..”是固定搭配，意为“从/通过.....学习..此处“from which”引导定语从句，which指代先行词“an impressive experience。 29.考查形容词。此处形容事物“it”，应用-ing形式的形容词“amazing”，表示“令人惊讶的” 30.考察冠词。谓语动词is与可数名词country间缺少冠词，结合语境可知应填不定冠词。故填a。 31.考查非谓语动词。“technology-driven”是复“ drive”复合形容词，意为“由技术驱动的services”之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词driven. 32.考查非谓语动词。“refer”与主语“Santsoso’之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词referring作伴随状语。 33考查时态和语态。“he”与“teach”之间是被动关系，且“said”表明主句是一般过去时，从句动作发生在主句动作之前，应用过去完成时，但此处“in his middle school history class”表示过去的时间，也可用一般过去时的被动语态，所以填was taught。 （四）书面表达 One possible version: Take Care of Our Eyes and Avoid Myopia 　　We are living in an era of rapid technological development, where electronic products have become an indispensable part of our daily lives. However, along with this comes a sharp rise of the myopia rate among children and teenagers from 14.5% of 6-year-olds to over 80% of high school students, which is becoming a worrying phenomenon. With National Eye Care Day approaching, our school calls on everyone to pay attention to eye health. Firstly, develop habits such as looking into the distance every 20–30 minutes to rest our eyes and do eye exercises. Secondly, participate actively in outdoor activities to keep our eyes away from electronic products. Most importantly, ensure sufficient sleep and avoid staying up late For the health of our eyes, let’s take action now! The Students’ Union 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $