Unit 5 Working the Land（单元分层检测·基础通关卷）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 本单元卷围绕“农业与科技”主题，融合基础语言检测与真实情境应用，适配高二选择性必修一Unit 5复习，全面覆盖语言能力、文化意识与思维品质培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词拼写|10/10|核心词汇（organic, nutrition等）|结合农业情境考查词形变化| |阅读|15/37.5|农业科技（AI应用、干旱农业）、女性科学家事迹|素材兼具时代性（中国农村AI）与人文性（Katie Lewis科研故事）| |语法填空|10/10|词性转换、从句、非谓语|语境化考查语法规则（如nutrition→nutritious）| |书面表达|1/25|咨询邮件写作|注重跨文化沟通与语言运用能力|

2026-2027学年高二选择性必修第一册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Working the Land·基础通关 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：150分） 第一部分 基础知识检测(共四项，满分45分) 一、单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 根据括号中文释义或首字母提示填写单词，注意词形变化。 1. Farmers use o_________ (有机的) fertilizer to keep their rice safe and healthy to eat. 2. Most scientists d_________ (献身) all their time to improving food production each year. 3. Many remote villages face a food s_________ (短缺) due to bad weather this summer. 4. We must t_________ (解决) farming problems to feed more people around the world. 5. Natural disasters will push agriculture into a serious c_________ (危机) without proper measures. 6. Advanced farming skills help b_________ (使增长) grain output in poor mountain areas. 7. This new rice type can achieve a higher y_________ (产量) under poor soil conditions. 8. The data can c_________ (使相信) farmers to try this eco-friendly planting method. 9. Hardiness is an important c_________ (特征) of crops grown in cold northern areas. 10. Fresh vegetables are more n_________ (有营养的) than fast food for growing teenagers. 二、短语填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 从方框内短语中选择合适短语，并用正确形式填空，每个短语只用一次 | in turn | devote...to,,, | for instance | be comprised of | deep down 1. Many researchers __________ all their energy and time ______ developing high-yield rice every day. 2. Warm rainfall helps crops grow well, and good harvests __________ bring local farmers wealth. 3. He pretends not to care about farming, but __________ he hopes to run an eco-farm one day. 4. Some green crops grow well on poor land, __________ this new kind of drought-resistant wheat. 5. This new kind of organic fertilizer __________ natural plants and animal waste. 三、单句语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. It is reported that two primary schools in Plymouth have introduced robots as an alternative __________ teaching assistants. 2. It is important for us to have a __________ (nutrition) breakfast, for it can keep us full of energy in the morning. 3. There are some __________ (aspect) of culture that people will lose right away, but with food, there are more opportunities to connect to memory, family and place. 4. It was discovered that tea aided __________ (digest), so teahouse owners started offering snacks with their tea, and yum cha was born. 5. Gone are the days when seafood __________ (consume) was a luxury for Chinese people. 6. __________ we need more drink and food depends on how many guests will come to the party this evening. 7. After taking extension courses for four years, he got his degree in agriculture and his dream of working the land became a __________ (real). 8. It is amazing to us __________ ancient craftsmen were able to carve such a giant statue. 9. Modern society honours winners and successful sportspeople quickly become __________ (celebrity), admired by all. 10. Johnson's __________ speech won him a wide faithful audience and I was also of __________ his opinions. (convince) 四、根据中文提示完成句子（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 1. 如今，在网上买的很多东西要比在商店里买得便宜。（动词-ed形式作定语） Nowadays, many things _____________________________________________________. 2. 即使那个村子发展速度很快，但是到明年它也远不及我们村子富裕。(nowhere near) Although that village develops very rapidly, __________________________________________________. 3. 在申请这份工作时，你首先必须让他们相信你对这份工作的热情。(convince sb. of sth.) When applying for the job, you must first _____________________________________. 4. 对于这个公司来说，完成这项技术革新估计需要1000万美元。(estimate) _____________________________________ for the company to complete this technological innovation. 5. 我许下诺言，我要在大学时期克服羞怯，积极与他人沟通。（同位语从句） I made a promise _____________________________________________________. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Outstanding Female Physicists in Modern History Chien-Shiung Wu (1912-1997, Chinese-American) She was a top nuclear physicist. At 44, she did the “Wu Experiment” (1956), proving parity violation (宇称不守恒) — particles don’t act the same in mirror images. This helped two male scientists win the Nobel Prize. She taught at Columbia University, guided many students, and earned the Wolf Prize in Physics (1978). Marie Curie (1867-1934, Polish-French) She was the only person to win the Nobel Prizes in two sciences (Physics 1903, Chemistry 1911). Born in Poland, she worked in France. With her husband, she discovered polonium (1898, named after Poland) and radium at 31. She studied radioactivity, used it in early cancer treatment, and helped make X-ray machines for World War I hospitals. Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958, British) A 31-year-old biophysicist, she took “Photo 51” (1952) — the first clear X-ray picture of DNA．This image was key for Watson and Crick to figure out DNA’s double-helix structure. She also studied coal and viruses, but died young at 37 from illness linked to her work. Lise Meitner (1878-1968, Austrian-Swedish) She was a Jewish physicist who fled Austria to Sweden in 1938 (age 60). With Otto Hahn, she discovered nuclear fission (核裂变) — splitting atoms to release huge energy. She named “fission” and explained how it works, though Hahn alone got the 1944 Nobel. She later taught in Sweden and became a global physics icon (偶像). 1．What is special about polonium? A．It was discovered together with radium. B．It was named after Marie Curie’s homeland. C．It was used to treat cancer in hospitals. D．It helped make X‑ray machines. 2．What part did Rosalind Franklin’s “Photo 51” play? A．It helped uncover DNA’s double-helix shape. B．It was the first X-ray picture of DNA． C．It supported the study of coal and viruses. D．It showed that she worked as a biophysicist. 3．What do all four female scientists have in common according to the passage? A．They all made breakthroughs in nuclear physics. B．They all faced gender discrimination in their careers. C．They all contributed greatly to science. D．They were all born in Europe. B For Katie Lewis, Ph.D．, every soil sample, every field trial and every long day in the West Texas sun comes down to one thing — helping farmers build a future that lasts. That commitment runs deep. Lewis grew up on a farm, married a farmer, and now raises her children on the same type of land her research aims to protect. Lewis, like many Texas farmers, has experienced firsthand the hardships and seasonal ups and downs of the market. As a Texas A&M AgriLife Research soil chemistry and fertility scientist, she works each day to ensure that future generations of Texas farmers can thrive. As a child, Katie Lewis carried around a cigar box with batteries and wires, begging her parents for an at-home science kit to feed her growing curiosity about how things worked. That wonder was inspired by a high school science teacher, who turned every lesson into a discovery. These influences didn’t just spark interest; they guided her clear choice of study in higher education. Lewis earned a bachelor’s degree in chemistry, but her early years spent on a farm added a unique layer to her academic journey. Now in her 11th year with AgriLife Research, Lewis is looking for environmentally and economically sustainable management strategies for farmers and their cropping systems. More recently, Lewis is tackling carbon dynamics in semi-arid (半干旱) environments — work backed by more than $15 million in funding over the past few years. For Lewis, though, her impact isn’t only at the farm level; it scales through to the next generation of those who love the science. Her graduate training program has graduated 30 master’s students and 19 doctoral students, with six serving as scientists at land-grant institutions. “It is not just about the research,” Lewis said. “It’s about training the next generation of soil scientists to continue to be curious, think outside the box and find solutions to the challenges that agriculture faces.” 4．What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A．Why soil science degrees matter to Lewis. B．How AgriLife Research helps local farmers. C．Why local farming faces seasonal hardships. D．How Lewis’ upbringing fueled her ambition. 5．How can Lewis be described as a student? A．Demanding. B．Self-motivated. C．Inspirational. D．Self-sacrificing. 6．What is Lewis’ research focus? A．Sustainable farming in severe places. B．Analyzing soil nutrients in a new way. C．Economical strategies for Texas farmers. D．Managing farm produce with efficiency. 7．Why did Lewis establish a graduate training program? A．To boost her impact in farming study. B．To advocate the research in agriculture. C．To expand the size of local institutions. D．To promote the idea of land protection. C A quiet AI revolution is happening in China’s countryside. In provinces like Jilin, Yunnan and Hubei, farmers are turning to AI to save their crops from flooding and disease. China is offering the world a new route for AI development. Free AI services have gained widespread popularity across China. DeepSeek’s integration (融合) into WeChat brought lots of users to Tencent’s Yuanbao, whose DAU (Daily Active Users) jumped 20 times in two months. AI has quickly integrated into people’s daily life and serves a huge number of farmers in the countryside. By making AI tools free and accessible through platforms like WeChat, China has driven wide grassroots application. Chinese companies put user scale first — and that scale is surprising: nearly 300 million farmers, representing about 20% of the national population, are potential AI users. This large group of rural users can be clearly seen from real farming cases. Take one village in Hubei as an example: rice fields there were once in danger due to weeks of heavy rain. As a result, farmers turned to Yuanbao. The chatbot recommended building embankments (堤岸) and changing to high-ridge planting (高垄种植) — the advice arrived instantly, adapted to specific problems and images uploaded by farmers with little formal education. For Chinese farmers, the benefits of AI services are real and immediate. AI is no longer a futuristic idea but a daily tool in their daily life. However, with the rapid spread of AI in rural areas, many related challenges have appeared. AI researchers found that most farmers didn’t know how to put useful questions to AI chatbots unless led by local officials. Educational gaps remain a problem: even when farmers receive answers, they might not understand the technical terms involved. Without a complete cycle of understanding and putting ideas into practice, the benefits of AI can’t be fully realized. Researchers also stress that making AI useful for the farmers as well as the elderly will require more than just stylish interfaces and bigger models. It urgently demands simplified responses, voice control tools and solutions adapted to real-life conditions. 8．What resulted from DeepSeek’s integration into WeChat? A．Free AI services in China became available. B．Tencent’s Yuanbao saw a rapid increase in users. C．Farmers in Hubei doubled their rice production. D．WeChat users’ potential improved significantly. 9．What writing skill does the author mainly use in Paragraph 4? A．Making a comparison B．Giving an example C．Listing numbers D．Explaining cause and effect 10．What will the researchers most probably do next? A．Develop larger AI models. B．Spread AI access to more cities. C．Provide simple and practical instructions. D．Teach farmers to understand technical terms. 11．What is the main idea of the passage? A．AI companies profit greatly from rural users. B．AI has solved all farming problems in China. C．Farmers prefer traditional methods to AI technology. D．China’s rural AI holds promise but faces challenges. D Water shortages, rising temperatures, and droughts caused by climate change have an immense impact on agriculture — and today’s farmers are desperate to find solutions. In the western United States, some are turning to dry-farming, a form of agriculture that doesn’t require irrigation. Dry-farmed plants take moisture (水分) stored in the ground, rather than irrigating from above. All farmers need is a wet, rainy season, followed by a dry growing season, as well as some methods like placing a layer of mulch (覆盖物) on top of soil to keep moisture, spacing plants more widely, and planting earlier in the season. According to the Dry Farming Institute, “Dry-farming is a low-input, place-based approach to producing crops within the constraints of your climate.” As the institute defines it, “A dry-farmed crop is irrigated once or not at all.” Dry-farming is not a one-size-fits-all solution, but it can save farmers thousands of liters in water every season — and help maintain a climate-resilient business. And the best part? Dry-farmed produce is praised for tasting better than irrigated crops, and crops such as tomatoes, potatoes, squash, corn, watermelon and even grapes, are excellent candidates for dry-farming. In fact, dry-farming is so game-changing for vineyards (葡萄园) that some areas in Europe forbid irrigating wine grapes, in order to sweeten them. Dry-farming is a long-held standard practice, from olive groves in the Mediterranean (地中海) to melon fields in Botswana. In the US, it dates back thousands of years among indigenous peoples — proving once again that indigenous knowledge is the key to protecting the planet. “Dry-farming is not just farming — it’s our way of life,” said Michael Kotutwa Johnson, an Indigenous Resiliency specialist at the University of Arizona and member of the Hopi Tribe. “You get to really learn what the environment gives you, and you learn to reward. It’s a beautiful thing, and it’s something that needs to be cherished.” 12．What is a key feature of dry-farming? A．It uses natural underground wetness. B．It waters crops often in dry seasons. C．It has been proved suitable for most crops. D．It demands thick mulch all the year round. 13．Why do some European areas ban irrigation for wine grapes? A．To cut the cost of water supply. B．To improve grapes’ pleasant flavor. C．To popularize local dry-farming. D．To limit excessive grape planting. 14．What can we infer about dry-farming? A．It is a newly created farming skill. B．It works equally for all farmlands. C．It costs much more labor and money. D．It carries ancient native eco-wisdom. 15．How does Johnson feel about dry-farming? A．It requires modern technology. B．It is complex for most farmers. C．It is a tradition worth preserving. D．It works as a temporary solution. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While pesticides (杀虫剂) are common in many gardens, they’re not the only option when it comes to creating a beautiful backyard. But going organic isn’t merely about avoiding harm of pesticides. 16 Here, we explore steps to create a garden with natural interventions. Try lazy gardening Worried about leaves building up on your ground? Sweep pathways to keep them safe and clear, but leaves left to break down become natural plant nutrition and soil conditioner. 17 These multiple functions lay the foundation for a rich and healthy environment. Reframe the idea of “pests” and “weeds” The Royal Horticultural Society encourages gardeners to think of “pests” as “wildlife in the wrong place”. It reminds us that our plants can usually handle some level of damage, and the aim shouldn’t be to destroy these creatures, but to balance them to a tolerable level. 18 Most weeds are native species that provide food and shelter for wildlife. Use biological controls 19 Unlike pesticides, these natural predators (捕食者) don’t cause any damage to your plants or your health, and they can actually be more effective at targeting a specific problem. For example, got an aphid infestation (蚜虫侵害)? Introduce some beneficial insects that eat aphids. Learn to spot problems early When you can spot and identify problems early on, it’s much easier to take action. For instance, you find disease spots on the leaves of your climbing plants, and quickly cut the infected leaves off — the problem should be solved, and no treatment is required. Or your plants look weak, so you check if the water can go into the soil well, and adjust your watering schedule. 20 A．It’s about working with nature. B．Prevent weeds with organic matters. C．Going organic offers a full harvest of positives. D．They also provide safe habitats for garden creatures. E．Natural enemies can help you manage your garden ecosystem. F．This not only builds your gardening skills but also saves you money. G．Similarly, “weeds” are simply plants growing where we prefer them not to. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At the age of ten, most children spend their free time playing games or watching cartoons. Jo Nagai, however, 21 to raise swallowtail caterpillars (凤蝶幼虫) in his own home. What started as a childhood curiosity soon turned into a 22 breakthrough that astonished scientists worldwide. Jo designed a simple but clever experiment. He 23 caterpillars to connect a particular scent (气味) with an unpleasant experience. After the caterpillars 24 into butterflies, he tested them again. Scientists had always assumed that memories would disappear during this dramatic change, when a caterpillar literally breaks down and 25 itself inside the chrysalis (蛹). To everyone’s 26 , many butterflies still avoided the scent. Somehow, their memories had 27 the transformation. But Jo was not 28 with this discovery alone. He decided to push his research further. Jo 29 the experiment and examined the second generation. He wanted to know if the butterflies’ offspring (后代) would also 30 the same smell. The results were clear: the learned responses had been 31 to the next generation. This finding suggests something 32 about nature. Although butterflies do not 33 teach their young like human parents do, their life experiences can still shape future generations. Jo Nagai’s story reminds us that scientific discovery has no 34 limit. With patience, creativity, and careful observation, even a young student can challenge established beliefs and 35 our understanding of the natural world. 21．A．hesitated B．pretended C．failed D．chose 22．A．medical B．scientific C．technological D．geological 23．A．trained B．killed C．counted D．followed 24．A．crashed B．divided C．transformed D．looked 25．A．rebuilds B．introduces C．protects D．recycles 26．A．regret B．surprise C．embarrassment D．relief 27．A．promoted B．delayed C．arranged D．survived 28．A．annoyed B．satisfied C．strict D．familiar 29．A．repeated B．published C．standardized D．funded 30．A．produce B．remove C．avoid D．absorb 31．A．held back B．given out C．figured out D．passed down 32．A．peaceful B．meaningful C．touching D．confusing 33．A．intentionally B．secretly C．successfully D．sincerely 34．A．space B．speed C．age D．size 35．A．block B．reflect C．assess D．expand 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 34-year-old Wang Hong has become 36 hit in the mathematics world, successively winning the ICCM Gold Medal of Mathematics and the 2025 Salem Prize. The former 37 (refer) to as the “Fields Medal for Chinese scholars”, and the latter is a key indicator of the Fields Medal. As a 38 (lead) scholar in the field of harmonic analysis, Wang Hong has made remarkable achievements. She has solved many hard math problems. In February this year, she and her team proved the century-old “Kakeya Conjecture (猜想)”, 39 surprised experts all over the world. Her excellent work won 40 (admire) from Shing-Tung Yau, a world-famous math winner. The significance of Wang Hong’s award is profound. The Salem Prize is known as the “precursor” to the Fields Medal. From 1968 to 2024, 10 out of 56 winners 41 (award) this honor went on to win the Fields Medal. Her breakthrough 42 (strengthen) the competitive position of Chinese scholars in the pursuit of top mathematical honors so far. Wang Hong has broken the old wrong idea that girls are bad 43 math and physics. Most male researchers followed old theories. 44 , she dared to challenge traditional wisdom and pioneered an 45 (entire) new approach. Her story indicates to us that on the road of study, family background and gender are never real problems. 第三节 书面表达（25分） 假定你是李华，你计划去英国参加夏令营学习活动，请给该活动的负责人Mr. Smith先生写封邮件，咨询有关情况。内容包括： 1. 参与条件； 2. 活动安排； 3. 费用及食宿问题。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高二选择性必修第一册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Working the Land·基础通关（解析版） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：150分） 第一部分 基础知识检测(共四项，满分45分) 一、单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 根据括号中文释义或首字母提示填写单词，注意词形变化。 1. Farmers use o_________ (有机的) fertilizer to keep their rice safe and healthy to eat. 2. Most scientists d_________ (献身) all their time to improving food production each year. 3. Many remote villages face a food s_________ (短缺) due to bad weather this summer. 4. We must t_________ (解决) farming problems to feed more people around the world. 5. Natural disasters will push agriculture into a serious c_________ (危机) without proper measures. 6. Advanced farming skills help b_________ (使增长) grain output in poor mountain areas. 7. This new rice type can achieve a higher y_________ (产量) under poor soil conditions. 8. The data can c_________ (使相信) farmers to try this eco-friendly planting method. 9. Hardiness is an important c_________ (特征) of crops grown in cold northern areas. 10. Fresh vegetables are more n_________ (有营养的) than fast food for growing teenagers. 【答案】 1. organic 2. devote 3. shortage 4. tackle 5. crisis 6. boost 7. yield 8. convince 9. characteristic 10. nutritious 【解析】 1. organic 词性：形容词，含义：有机的；不使用化肥的 句子翻译：农民施用有机肥，保障种植的水稻食用安全、健康。 考点解析：形容词修饰名词fertilizer，为本单元农业环保重点词汇，常搭配organic food（有机食品）。 2. devote 词性：及物动词，含义：献身；专心致力于 句子翻译：多数科学家每年倾尽全部时间致力于提升粮食产量。 考点解析：主语scientists为复数，一般现在时谓语用原形；固定搭配devote sth to doing sth，to是介词，后接动名词，高考高频考点。 3. shortage 词性：名词，含义：不足，短缺 句子翻译：今夏恶劣天气让不少偏远乡村遭遇粮食短缺问题。 考点解析：food shortage为固定搭配，表示粮食短缺，不定冠词a后使用名词单数，贴合农业民生话题。 4. tackle 词性：及物动词，含义：解决（难题）；应付局面 句子翻译：我们必须解决农业难题，养活全球更多人口。 考点解析：情态动词must后接动词原形，书面高级词汇，多用于搭配棘手的问题，可替换基础词汇solve。 5. crisis 词性：名词，含义：危机；危急关头 句子翻译：若无应对举措，自然灾害会让农业陷入严峻危机。 考点解析：复数形式crises为不规则变化，是高考常考变形；a serious crisis表示一场严峻的危机。 6. boost 词性：及物动词，含义：使增长；提振；促进 句子翻译：先进农耕技术助力贫困山区提升粮食产量。 考点解析：固定结构help (to) do sth，此处填动词原形；常搭配grain output、production表示提升产量。 7. yield 词性：名词，含义：产量；产出 句子翻译：这款新型水稻在贫瘠土壤下也能实现更高产量。 考点解析：形容词higher修饰名词，higher yield（更高产量）是农业类阅读高频短语，该词也可作动词表示产出。 8. convince 词性：及物动词，含义：使相信；说服 句子翻译：这些数据能够说服农民尝试这种环保种植方式。 考点解析：情态动词can后接动词原形；固定搭配convince sb to do sth，写作高频高级词汇。 9. characteristic 词性：名词，含义：特征；特点；品质 句子翻译：耐寒是北方寒冷地区农作物的一项重要特质。 考点解析：不定冠词an后接可数名词单数，该词也可作形容词，意为“典型的、独特的”。 10. nutritious 词性：形容词，含义：有营养的；滋养的 句子翻译：新鲜蔬菜对比快餐，对成长中的青少年更有营养。 考点解析：多音节形容词比较级加more，句中作表语；词根nutrition n.营养，是单元衍生考点。 二、短语填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 从方框内短语中选择合适短语，并用正确形式填空，每个短语只用一次 | in turn | devote...to,,, | for instance | be comprised of | deep down 1. Many researchers __________ all their energy and time ______ developing high-yield rice every day. 2. Warm rainfall helps crops grow well, and good harvests __________ bring local farmers wealth. 3. He pretends not to care about farming, but __________ he hopes to run an eco-farm one day. 4. Some green crops grow well on poor land, __________ this new kind of drought-resistant wheat. 5. This new kind of organic fertilizer __________ natural plants and animal waste. 【答案】 1. devote; to 词性：动词短语，含义：把……致力于；献身于 句子翻译：许多研究者每天倾尽全部精力研发高产水稻。 考点解析：主语researchers为复数，谓语动词用原形；to是介词，后接动名词，高考语法填空高频考点。 2. in turn 词性：介词短语，含义：相应地；转而 句子翻译：充沛雨水助力作物生长，丰收反过来带给当地农民收入。 考点解析：作插入状语，放在主语前/后均可，常用于阐述事物连锁影响，贴合农业单元话题。 3. deep down 词性：副词短语，含义：在内心深处；本质上 句子翻译：他嘴上不在意农耕，但心底盼着日后经营生态农场。 考点解析：多用于表达人隐藏的真实想法，写作抒情类话题常用高级短语。 4. for instance 词性：介词短语，含义：例如；比如 句子翻译：部分绿色作物能在贫瘠土地存活，比如这款新型抗旱小麦。 考点解析：用于举例，等同于for example，书面英语更偏好for instance。 5. is comprised of 词性：动词短语，含义：由……组成 句子翻译：这款新型有机肥由天然植物与动物粪便构成。 考点解析：固定被动结构，主语fertilizer为单数，be动词用is；同义短语be made up of。 三、单句语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. It is reported that two primary schools in Plymouth have introduced robots as an alternative __________ teaching assistants. 2. It is important for us to have a __________ (nutrition) breakfast, for it can keep us full of energy in the morning. 3. There are some __________ (aspect) of culture that people will lose right away, but with food, there are more opportunities to connect to memory, family and place. 4. It was discovered that tea aided __________ (digest), so teahouse owners started offering snacks with their tea, and yum cha was born. 5. Gone are the days when seafood __________ (consume) was a luxury for Chinese people. 6. __________ we need more drink and food depends on how many guests will come to the party this evening. 7. After taking extension courses for four years, he got his degree in agriculture and his dream of working the land became a __________ (real). 8. It is amazing to us __________ ancient craftsmen were able to carve such a giant statue. 9. Modern society honours winners and successful sportspeople quickly become __________ (celebrity), admired by all. 10. Johnson's __________ speech won him a wide faithful audience and I was also of __________ his opinions. (convince) 【答案】 1. 答案：to 解析：考查alternative的用法。句意：据报道，普利茅斯的两所小学已经引进了机器人作为助教的替代品。an alternative to...意为“……的替代品”，为固定搭配。故填to。 2. 答案：nutritious 解析：考查词形转换。句意：对我们来说，吃一顿营养丰富的早餐是重要的，因为它能使我们在早晨充满活力。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰breakfast，应用形容词。故填nutritious。 3. 答案：aspects 解析：考查名词复数。aspect在此处意为“方面”，为可数名词，再根据空前的“There are some”可知，此处应用所给词的复数形式，故填aspects。 4. 答案：digestion 解析：考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作宾语，应用所给词的名词形式，故填digestion。 5. 答案：consumption 解析：考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，主句使用了全部倒装，when引导定语从句，在该定语从句中，“seafood_______(consume)”为从句的主语，故空处应用所给词的名词形式，且空处表示“吃，喝”，故填consumption。 6. 答案：Whether 解析：句意：我们是否需要更多的饮料和食物取决于今晚有多少客人参加聚会。本句的谓语部分是depends on，因此该空引导的是主语从句，结合句意故填Whether。 7. 答案：reality 解析：考查词形转换。句意：经过四年的大学进修课程，他获得了农业学位，他耕种土地的梦想变成现实。根据空前的冠词a可知，空处应用所给词的名词形式，故填reality。 8. 答案：that 解析：句意：令我们惊讶的是，古代的工匠能够雕刻出如此巨大的雕像。分析句子结构可知，本句中的It为形式主语，空处引导的从句为真正的主语，因为从句意义完整，不缺成分，故填that。 9. 答案：celebrities 解析：考查名词复数。句意：现代社会尊重获胜者而且成功的运动员很快成为名人，受到所有人的钦佩。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处在句中作表语，意为“名人”且其前没有限定词，应用所给名词的复数形式。故填celebrities。 10. 答案：convincing; convinced 解析：考查词形转换。由语境可知，第一空表示“有说服力的”，故填 convincing；第二空表示“坚信；深信”，故填convinced。 四、根据中文提示完成句子（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 1. 如今，在网上买的很多东西要比在商店里买得便宜。（动词-ed形式作定语） Nowadays, many things _____________________________________________________. 2. 即使那个村子发展速度很快，但是到明年它也远不及我们村子富裕。(nowhere near) Although that village develops very rapidly, __________________________________________________. 3. 在申请这份工作时，你首先必须让他们相信你对这份工作的热情。(convince sb. of sth.) When applying for the job, you must first _____________________________________. 4. 对于这个公司来说，完成这项技术革新估计需要1000万美元。(estimate) _____________________________________ for the company to complete this technological innovation. 5. 我许下诺言，我要在大学时期克服羞怯，积极与他人沟通。（同位语从句） I made a promise _____________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 答案：bought online are cheaper than those at the store 解析：根据提示信息以及句意可知，此处buy与many things之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词-ed形式作定语。 2. 答案：it will be nowhere near as wealthy as our village next year 解析：句中nowhere near意为“远不及，完全没有”。 3. 答案：convince them of your enthusiasm for the job 解析：动词convince意为“使相信，使确信”，构成固定短语convince sb. of sth.，表示“使某人相信某事”。 4. 答案：It is estimated that 10 million dollars will be needed 解析：It is estimated that...是固定句型，意为“据估计……”。该句中It为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。 5. 答案：that I would overcome my shyness and communicate with others actively in college 解析：该句为含有同位语从句的复合句，同位语从句解释说明promise的内容且that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Outstanding Female Physicists in Modern History Chien-Shiung Wu (1912-1997, Chinese-American) She was a top nuclear physicist. At 44, she did the “Wu Experiment” (1956), proving parity violation (宇称不守恒) — particles don’t act the same in mirror images. This helped two male scientists win the Nobel Prize. She taught at Columbia University, guided many students, and earned the Wolf Prize in Physics (1978). Marie Curie (1867-1934, Polish-French) She was the only person to win the Nobel Prizes in two sciences (Physics 1903, Chemistry 1911). Born in Poland, she worked in France. With her husband, she discovered polonium (1898, named after Poland) and radium at 31. She studied radioactivity, used it in early cancer treatment, and helped make X-ray machines for World War I hospitals. Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958, British) A 31-year-old biophysicist, she took “Photo 51” (1952) — the first clear X-ray picture of DNA．This image was key for Watson and Crick to figure out DNA’s double-helix structure. She also studied coal and viruses, but died young at 37 from illness linked to her work. Lise Meitner (1878-1968, Austrian-Swedish) She was a Jewish physicist who fled Austria to Sweden in 1938 (age 60). With Otto Hahn, she discovered nuclear fission (核裂变) — splitting atoms to release huge energy. She named “fission” and explained how it works, though Hahn alone got the 1944 Nobel. She later taught in Sweden and became a global physics icon (偶像). 1．What is special about polonium? A．It was discovered together with radium. B．It was named after Marie Curie’s homeland. C．It was used to treat cancer in hospitals. D．It helped make X‑ray machines. 2．What part did Rosalind Franklin’s “Photo 51” play? A．It helped uncover DNA’s double-helix shape. B．It was the first X-ray picture of DNA． C．It supported the study of coal and viruses. D．It showed that she worked as a biophysicist. 3．What do all four female scientists have in common according to the passage? A．They all made breakthroughs in nuclear physics. B．They all faced gender discrimination in their careers. C．They all contributed greatly to science. D．They were all born in Europe. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文分别介绍了四位近现代杰出女物理学家的国籍、核心科研成就与相关经历，展现了她们在各自科学领域做出的重要贡献。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章Marie Curie (1867-1934, Polish-French)部分中“she discovered polonium (1898, named after Poland)(她发现了钋（1898年，以波兰命名）)”可知，钋是以居里夫人的祖国波兰命名的。 2．细节理解题。根据文章Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958, British)部分中“A 31-year-old biophysicist, she took “Photo 51” (1952) — the first clear X-ray picture of DNA. This image was key for Watson and Crick to figure out DNA’s double-helix structure.(这位31岁的生物物理学家拍摄了“照片51”（1952年）——这是第一张清晰的DNA X射线图像。这张图像对沃森和克里克揭示DNA双螺旋结构起到了关键作用。)”可知，罗莎琳德·富兰克林的“照片51”帮助揭示了DNA的双螺旋结构。 3．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，四位女科学家分别在不同领域做出重大贡献：吴健雄在核物理、居里夫人在放射化学、富兰克林在DNA结构、迈特纳在核裂变，因此共同点是“对科学做出巨大贡献”。 B For Katie Lewis, Ph.D．, every soil sample, every field trial and every long day in the West Texas sun comes down to one thing — helping farmers build a future that lasts. That commitment runs deep. Lewis grew up on a farm, married a farmer, and now raises her children on the same type of land her research aims to protect. Lewis, like many Texas farmers, has experienced firsthand the hardships and seasonal ups and downs of the market. As a Texas A&M AgriLife Research soil chemistry and fertility scientist, she works each day to ensure that future generations of Texas farmers can thrive. As a child, Katie Lewis carried around a cigar box with batteries and wires, begging her parents for an at-home science kit to feed her growing curiosity about how things worked. That wonder was inspired by a high school science teacher, who turned every lesson into a discovery. These influences didn’t just spark interest; they guided her clear choice of study in higher education. Lewis earned a bachelor’s degree in chemistry, but her early years spent on a farm added a unique layer to her academic journey. Now in her 11th year with AgriLife Research, Lewis is looking for environmentally and economically sustainable management strategies for farmers and their cropping systems. More recently, Lewis is tackling carbon dynamics in semi-arid (半干旱) environments — work backed by more than $15 million in funding over the past few years. For Lewis, though, her impact isn’t only at the farm level; it scales through to the next generation of those who love the science. Her graduate training program has graduated 30 master’s students and 19 doctoral students, with six serving as scientists at land-grant institutions. “It is not just about the research,” Lewis said. “It’s about training the next generation of soil scientists to continue to be curious, think outside the box and find solutions to the challenges that agriculture faces.” 4．What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A．Why soil science degrees matter to Lewis. B．How AgriLife Research helps local farmers. C．Why local farming faces seasonal hardships. D．How Lewis’ upbringing fueled her ambition. 5．How can Lewis be described as a student? A．Demanding. B．Self-motivated. C．Inspirational. D．Self-sacrificing. 6．What is Lewis’ research focus? A．Sustainable farming in severe places. B．Analyzing soil nutrients in a new way. C．Economical strategies for Texas farmers. D．Managing farm produce with efficiency. 7．Why did Lewis establish a graduate training program? A．To boost her impact in farming study. B．To advocate the research in agriculture. C．To expand the size of local institutions. D．To promote the idea of land protection. 【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了土壤科学家Katie Lewis的成长背景、研究重点及培养后继人才的使命。 【详解】4．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Lewis grew up on a farm, married a farmer, and now raises her children on the same type of land her research aims to protect. Lewis, like many Texas farmers, has experienced firsthand the hardships and seasonal ups and downs of the market. (Lewis在农场长大，嫁给了一位农民，如今她就在自己研究致力于保护的那类土地上养育自己的孩子。和许多得克萨斯州的农民一样，Lewis亲身经历过市场带来的艰难困苦与季节性起伏波动。)”可知，本段讲述Lewis的成长经历如何激发了她的抱负。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“As a child, Katie Lewis carried around a cigar box with batteries and wires, begging her parents for an at-home science kit to feed her growing curiosity about how things worked. (孩童时期的Katie Lewis随身带着一个装着电池和电线的雪茄盒，她央求父母给她买一套家用科学实验套装，以此满足自己对事物运作原理日益浓厚的好奇心。)”可知，学生时代的Lewis是主动求知、自我驱动的。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Lewis is looking for environmentally and economically sustainable management strategies for farmers and their cropping systems. More recently, Lewis is tackling carbon dynamics in semi-arid (半干旱) environments (Lewis正在为农民及其种植体系探寻兼顾环境与经济效益的可持续管理策略。最近，她正着手研究半干旱环境下的碳动态变化)”可知，Lewis的研究重点是恶劣环境下的可持续农业。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““It is not just about the research,” Lewis said. “It’s about training the next generation of soil scientists to continue to be curious, think outside the box and find solutions to the challenges that agriculture faces.” (“这不仅仅关乎研究，”Lewis说道，“更在于培养下一代土壤科学家，让他们永葆好奇心、打破常规思维，为农业面临的种种难题找到解决办法。”)”可知，Lewis设立研究生培养项目是为倡导农业相关研究。 C A quiet AI revolution is happening in China’s countryside. In provinces like Jilin, Yunnan and Hubei, farmers are turning to AI to save their crops from flooding and disease. China is offering the world a new route for AI development. Free AI services have gained widespread popularity across China. DeepSeek’s integration (融合) into WeChat brought lots of users to Tencent’s Yuanbao, whose DAU (Daily Active Users) jumped 20 times in two months. AI has quickly integrated into people’s daily life and serves a huge number of farmers in the countryside. By making AI tools free and accessible through platforms like WeChat, China has driven wide grassroots application. Chinese companies put user scale first — and that scale is surprising: nearly 300 million farmers, representing about 20% of the national population, are potential AI users. This large group of rural users can be clearly seen from real farming cases. Take one village in Hubei as an example: rice fields there were once in danger due to weeks of heavy rain. As a result, farmers turned to Yuanbao. The chatbot recommended building embankments (堤岸) and changing to high-ridge planting (高垄种植) — the advice arrived instantly, adapted to specific problems and images uploaded by farmers with little formal education. For Chinese farmers, the benefits of AI services are real and immediate. AI is no longer a futuristic idea but a daily tool in their daily life. However, with the rapid spread of AI in rural areas, many related challenges have appeared. AI researchers found that most farmers didn’t know how to put useful questions to AI chatbots unless led by local officials. Educational gaps remain a problem: even when farmers receive answers, they might not understand the technical terms involved. Without a complete cycle of understanding and putting ideas into practice, the benefits of AI can’t be fully realized. Researchers also stress that making AI useful for the farmers as well as the elderly will require more than just stylish interfaces and bigger models. It urgently demands simplified responses, voice control tools and solutions adapted to real-life conditions. 8．What resulted from DeepSeek’s integration into WeChat? A．Free AI services in China became available. B．Tencent’s Yuanbao saw a rapid increase in users. C．Farmers in Hubei doubled their rice production. D．WeChat users’ potential improved significantly. 9．What writing skill does the author mainly use in Paragraph 4? A．Making a comparison B．Giving an example C．Listing numbers D．Explaining cause and effect 10．What will the researchers most probably do next? A．Develop larger AI models. B．Spread AI access to more cities. C．Provide simple and practical instructions. D．Teach farmers to understand technical terms. 11．What is the main idea of the passage? A．AI companies profit greatly from rural users. B．AI has solved all farming problems in China. C．Farmers prefer traditional methods to AI technology. D．China’s rural AI holds promise but faces challenges. 【答案】8．B 9．B 10．C 11．D 【导语】主要介绍人工智能在中国乡村广泛普及、助力农业生产，同时指出乡村AI应用虽前景可观，但仍存在诸多亟待解决的现实难题。 【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“DeepSeek’s integration (融合) into WeChat brought lots of users to Tencent’s Yuanbao, whose DAU (Daily Active Users) jumped 20 times in two months.(DeepSeek接入微信后，为腾讯元宝吸引了大量用户，其日活用户量在两个月内激增二十倍。)” 可知，DeepSeek接入微信后，腾讯元宝的用户数量大幅快速增长。 9．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Take one village in Hubei as an example: rice fields there were once in danger due to weeks of heavy rain.(以湖北的一个村庄为例，当地稻田曾因数周暴雨面临险情。)”可知，作者通过列举湖北乡村稻田借助AI解决农业危机的实例，论证乡村AI的实用价值，运用了举例的写作手法。 10．推理判断题。根据第六段中的“It urgently demands simplified responses, voice control tools and solutions adapted to real-life conditions.(这迫切需要简化回复内容、增设语音控制工具以及贴合现实情况的解决方案。)”可知，研究人员接下来最可能提供简单、贴合生活、实用性强的操作指导与AI服务。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第五段中的“For Chinese farmers, the benefits of AI services are real and immediate. AI is no longer a futuristic idea but a daily tool in their daily life. However, with the rapid spread of AI in rural areas, many related challenges have appeared.(对中国农民而言，人工智能服务的益处真实且立竿见影。人工智能不再是一种未来构想，而是他们日常生活里的日常工具。但是，伴随着人工智能在乡村地区的快速推广，诸多相关难题已经出现。)”可知，文章既介绍了人工智能在乡村落地应用、助力农业发展的广阔前景，也阐述了其目前面临的各类应用困境，所以“中国乡村AI发展前景良好但仍面临挑战”最能概括全文核心，适合作为文章主旨。 D Water shortages, rising temperatures, and droughts caused by climate change have an immense impact on agriculture — and today’s farmers are desperate to find solutions. In the western United States, some are turning to dry-farming, a form of agriculture that doesn’t require irrigation. Dry-farmed plants take moisture (水分) stored in the ground, rather than irrigating from above. All farmers need is a wet, rainy season, followed by a dry growing season, as well as some methods like placing a layer of mulch (覆盖物) on top of soil to keep moisture, spacing plants more widely, and planting earlier in the season. According to the Dry Farming Institute, “Dry-farming is a low-input, place-based approach to producing crops within the constraints of your climate.” As the institute defines it, “A dry-farmed crop is irrigated once or not at all.” Dry-farming is not a one-size-fits-all solution, but it can save farmers thousands of liters in water every season — and help maintain a climate-resilient business. And the best part? Dry-farmed produce is praised for tasting better than irrigated crops, and crops such as tomatoes, potatoes, squash, corn, watermelon and even grapes, are excellent candidates for dry-farming. In fact, dry-farming is so game-changing for vineyards (葡萄园) that some areas in Europe forbid irrigating wine grapes, in order to sweeten them. Dry-farming is a long-held standard practice, from olive groves in the Mediterranean (地中海) to melon fields in Botswana. In the US, it dates back thousands of years among indigenous peoples — proving once again that indigenous knowledge is the key to protecting the planet. “Dry-farming is not just farming — it’s our way of life,” said Michael Kotutwa Johnson, an Indigenous Resiliency specialist at the University of Arizona and member of the Hopi Tribe. “You get to really learn what the environment gives you, and you learn to reward. It’s a beautiful thing, and it’s something that needs to be cherished.” 12．What is a key feature of dry-farming? A．It uses natural underground wetness. B．It waters crops often in dry seasons. C．It has been proved suitable for most crops. D．It demands thick mulch all the year round. 13．Why do some European areas ban irrigation for wine grapes? A．To cut the cost of water supply. B．To improve grapes’ pleasant flavor. C．To popularize local dry-farming. D．To limit excessive grape planting. 14．What can we infer about dry-farming? A．It is a newly created farming skill. B．It works equally for all farmlands. C．It costs much more labor and money. D．It carries ancient native eco-wisdom. 15．How does Johnson feel about dry-farming? A．It requires modern technology. B．It is complex for most farmers. C．It is a tradition worth preserving. D．It works as a temporary solution. 【答案】12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了“旱地耕作”（dry-farming）这一无需灌溉的农业方式，包括其原理、操作方法、适用作物、历史渊源及当地人的评价，强调其节水、风味佳且蕴含古老生态智慧。 【详解】12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段首句“Dry-farmed plants take moisture (水分) stored in the ground, rather than irrigating from above.(旱地耕种的作物利用地里储存的水分，而不是从上方灌溉。)”可知，旱地耕作的核心特征是依赖地下的自然湿度。 13．细节理解题。根据第四段的“In fact, dry-farming is so game-changing for vineyards (葡萄园) that some areas in Europe forbid irrigating wine grapes, in order to sweeten them.(事实上，旱地耕作对葡萄园造成了巨大改变，以至于欧洲一些地区禁止灌溉酿酒葡萄，为了甜化葡萄。)”可知，欧洲部分地区禁止灌溉酿酒葡萄是为了提升其甜度，即改善口感风味。 14．推理判断题。根据第五段的“In the US, it dates back thousands of years among indigenous peoples — proving once again that indigenous knowledge is the key to protecting the planet.(在美国，它可追溯至数千年前的土著民族——再次证明本土知识是保护地球的关键。)”可推知，旱地耕作承载着古老的本土生态智慧，并非新创技能。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Dry-farming is not just farming — it’s our way of life,” said Michael Kotutwa Johnson, an Indigenous Resiliency specialist at the University of Arizona and member of the Hopi Tribe. “You get to really learn what the environment gives you, and you learn to reward. It’s a beautiful thing, and it’s something that needs to be cherished.(“旱地耕作不仅仅是耕种，更是我们的生活方式，”亚利桑那大学原住民韧性专家、霍皮族成员迈克尔·科图特瓦·约翰逊说，“你能够真正了解环境能给予你什么，并学会如何回报。这是一种美好的事物，需要我们珍视。”)”可推断，约翰逊认为旱地耕作是一件美好的事，是需要珍视的东西，是一种值得保留的传统。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While pesticides (杀虫剂) are common in many gardens, they’re not the only option when it comes to creating a beautiful backyard. But going organic isn’t merely about avoiding harm of pesticides. 16 Here, we explore steps to create a garden with natural interventions. Try lazy gardening Worried about leaves building up on your ground? Sweep pathways to keep them safe and clear, but leaves left to break down become natural plant nutrition and soil conditioner. 17 These multiple functions lay the foundation for a rich and healthy environment. Reframe the idea of “pests” and “weeds” The Royal Horticultural Society encourages gardeners to think of “pests” as “wildlife in the wrong place”. It reminds us that our plants can usually handle some level of damage, and the aim shouldn’t be to destroy these creatures, but to balance them to a tolerable level. 18 Most weeds are native species that provide food and shelter for wildlife. Use biological controls 19 Unlike pesticides, these natural predators (捕食者) don’t cause any damage to your plants or your health, and they can actually be more effective at targeting a specific problem. For example, got an aphid infestation (蚜虫侵害)? Introduce some beneficial insects that eat aphids. Learn to spot problems early When you can spot and identify problems early on, it’s much easier to take action. For instance, you find disease spots on the leaves of your climbing plants, and quickly cut the infected leaves off — the problem should be solved, and no treatment is required. Or your plants look weak, so you check if the water can go into the soil well, and adjust your watering schedule. 20 A．It’s about working with nature. B．Prevent weeds with organic matters. C．Going organic offers a full harvest of positives. D．They also provide safe habitats for garden creatures. E．Natural enemies can help you manage your garden ecosystem. F．This not only builds your gardening skills but also saves you money. G．Similarly, “weeds” are simply plants growing where we prefer them not to. 【答案】16．A 17．D 18．G 19．E 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了打造有机花园的方法，倡导与自然协作，用自然方式维护花园生态平衡。 【详解】16．上文“But going organic isn’t merely about avoiding harm of pesticides. (但是，有机种植不仅仅是为了避免杀虫剂的危害)”提到有机种植不仅仅是为了避免杀虫剂的危害，A选项“它是关于与自然合作”中it指代上文提及的有机种植，承接上文，解释了有机种植的真正含义，即与自然合作，符合语境。故选A。 17．上文“Worried about leaves building up on your ground? Sweep pathways to keep them safe and clear, but leaves left to break down become natural plant nutrition and soil conditioner. (担心地上堆积的树叶？清扫小路以保持它们的安全和畅通，但是留下的树叶分解后会成为天然的植物营养和土壤改良剂)”提到树叶分解后会成为天然的植物营养和土壤改良剂，D选项“它们还为花园里的生物提供了安全的栖息地”进一步阐述了树叶的益处，即提供栖息地，符合语境。故选D。 18．上文“The Royal Horticultural Society encourages gardeners to think of “pests” as “wildlife in the wrong place”. It reminds us that our plants can usually handle some level of damage, and the aim shouldn’t be to destroy these creatures, but to balance them to a tolerable level. (英国皇家园艺学会鼓励园丁将“害虫”视为“放错地方的野生动物”。它提醒我们，我们的植物通常可以承受一定程度的损害，目标不应该是消灭这些生物，而是将它们平衡到一个可容忍的水平)”提到英国皇家园艺学会鼓励园丁将“害虫”视为“放错地方的野生动物”，G选项“同样，“杂草”只是长在我们不希望它们长的地方的植物”与上文相呼应，将“杂草”也进行了类似的解释，符合语境。故选G。 19．下文“Unlike pesticides, these natural predators (捕食者) don’t cause any damage to your plants or your health, and they can actually be more effective at targeting a specific problem. For example, got an aphid infestation (蚜虫侵害)? Introduce some beneficial insects that eat aphids. (与杀虫剂不同，这些天然捕食者不会对你的植物或健康造成任何损害，而且它们实际上在针对特定问题时更有效。例如，有蚜虫侵害？引入一些吃蚜虫的有益昆虫)”提到天然捕食者可以帮助解决特定问题，E选项“天敌可以帮助你管理你的花园生态系统”总结了上文内容，即天敌在花园生态系统中的作用，符合语境。故选E。 20．上文“When you can spot and identify problems early on, it’s much easier to take action. For instance, you find disease spots on the leaves of your climbing plants, and quickly cut the infected leaves off — the problem should be solved, and no treatment is required. Or your plants look weak, so you check if the water can go into the soil well, and adjust your watering schedule. (当你能够尽早发现并识别问题时，采取行动就容易多了。例如，你在攀缘植物的叶子上发现了病斑，并迅速剪掉受感染的叶子——问题应该就解决了，不需要治疗。或者你的植物看起来很弱，所以你检查水是否能很好地渗入土壤，并调整你的浇水计划)”提到尽早发现并识别问题可以更容易地采取行动，F选项“这不仅提高了你的园艺技能，还为你节省了钱”总结了上文内容的好处，即提高园艺技能和节省钱，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At the age of ten, most children spend their free time playing games or watching cartoons. Jo Nagai, however, 21 to raise swallowtail caterpillars (凤蝶幼虫) in his own home. What started as a childhood curiosity soon turned into a 22 breakthrough that astonished scientists worldwide. Jo designed a simple but clever experiment. He 23 caterpillars to connect a particular scent (气味) with an unpleasant experience. After the caterpillars 24 into butterflies, he tested them again. Scientists had always assumed that memories would disappear during this dramatic change, when a caterpillar literally breaks down and 25 itself inside the chrysalis (蛹). To everyone’s 26 , many butterflies still avoided the scent. Somehow, their memories had 27 the transformation. But Jo was not 28 with this discovery alone. He decided to push his research further. Jo 29 the experiment and examined the second generation. He wanted to know if the butterflies’ offspring (后代) would also 30 the same smell. The results were clear: the learned responses had been 31 to the next generation. This finding suggests something 32 about nature. Although butterflies do not 33 teach their young like human parents do, their life experiences can still shape future generations. Jo Nagai’s story reminds us that scientific discovery has no 34 limit. With patience, creativity, and careful observation, even a young student can challenge established beliefs and 35 our understanding of the natural world. 21．A．hesitated B．pretended C．failed D．chose 22．A．medical B．scientific C．technological D．geological 23．A．trained B．killed C．counted D．followed 24．A．crashed B．divided C．transformed D．looked 25．A．rebuilds B．introduces C．protects D．recycles 26．A．regret B．surprise C．embarrassment D．relief 27．A．promoted B．delayed C．arranged D．survived 28．A．annoyed B．satisfied C．strict D．familiar 29．A．repeated B．published C．standardized D．funded 30．A．produce B．remove C．avoid D．absorb 31．A．held back B．given out C．figured out D．passed down 32．A．peaceful B．meaningful C．touching D．confusing 33．A．intentionally B．secretly C．successfully D．sincerely 34．A．space B．speed C．age D．size 35．A．block B．reflect C．assess D．expand 【答案】 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了乔永井通过实验发现蝴蝶记忆可遗传的科学故事。 【详解】21．考查动词。句意：然而，Jo Nagai选择在自己家里饲养凤蝶幼虫。A. hesitated犹豫；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. chose选择。根据前文“most children spend their free time playing games or watching cartoons”以及“however”可知，大多数孩子玩乐，转折后说明他选择养幼虫。 22．考查形容词。句意：童年时的好奇心很快就变成了一个震惊全世界科学家的科学突破。A. medical医学的；B. scientific科学的；C. technological技术的；D. geological地质的。根据后文“astonished scientists worldwide”可知，Jo Nagai的发现震惊了全世界的科学家，说明这是一个科学突破。 23．考查动词。句意：他训练幼虫将一种特定的气味与不愉快的经历联系起来。A. trained训练；B. killed杀死；C. counted数；D. followed跟随。根据后文“to connect a particular scent with an unpleasant experience”可知，Jo Nagai让幼虫将一种特定的气味与不愉快的经历联系起来，这是对幼虫的训练。 24．考查动词。句意：幼虫变成蝴蝶后，他又对它们进行了测试。A. crashed碰撞；B. divided分开；C. transformed转变；D. looked看。根据后文“into butterflies”可知，幼虫变成了蝴蝶，transform into为固定短语，意为“转变成”。 25．考查动词。句意：科学家们一直认为，在毛毛虫发生巨大变化的过程中，记忆会消失，因为毛毛虫会在蛹中分解并重建自己。A. rebuilds重建；B. introduces介绍；C. protects保护；D. recycles回收。根据前文“when a caterpillar literally breaks down”可知，毛毛虫会在蛹中分解，然后重建自己。 26．考查名词。句意：令所有人惊讶的是，许多蝴蝶仍然避开这种气味。A. regret后悔；B. surprise惊讶；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. relief宽慰。根据后文“many butterflies still avoided the scent”可知，许多蝴蝶仍然避开这种气味，这与科学家们的预期相反，因此令他们惊讶。 27．考查动词。句意：不知何故，它们的记忆在转变中幸存了下来。A. promoted促进；B. delayed延迟；C. arranged安排；D. survived幸存。根据前文“many butterflies still avoided the scent”可知，许多蝴蝶仍然避开这种气味，说明它们的记忆在转变中幸存了下来。 28．考查形容词。句意：但Jo并不满足于这一发现。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. satisfied满足的；C. strict严格的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“He decided to push his research further.”可知，Jo决定进一步推进他的研究，说明他对这一发现并不满足。 29．考查动词。句意：Jo重复了这个实验，并检查了第二代。A. repeated重复；B. published出版；C. standardized使标准化；D. funded资助。根据后文“the experiment and examined the second generation”可知，想要继续研究、观察后代，需要重复实验。 30．考查动词。句意：他想知道蝴蝶的后代是否也会避开同样的气味。A. produce生产；B. remove移除；C. avoid避开；D. absorb吸收。根据前文“many butterflies still avoided the scent”可知，Jo想知道蝴蝶的后代是否也会避开同样的气味。 31．考查动词短语。句意：结果很清楚：学到的反应已经传给了下一代。A. held back阻碍；B. given out分发；C. figured out弄清楚；D. passed down传下来。根据后文“Although butterflies do not  ______  teach their young like human parents do, their life experiences can still shape future generations.”可知，后代拥有相同反应，说明结果发现蝴蝶学到的反应已经传给了下一代。 32．考查形容词。句意：这一发现揭示了自然的一些有意义的东西。A. peaceful和平的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. touching感人的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据后文“Although butterflies do not  ______  teach their young like human parents do, their life experiences can still shape future generations.”可知，这一发现揭示了自然的一些有意义的东西，即蝴蝶虽然不会像人类父母那样有意地教导后代，但它们的生活经历仍然可以影响后代。 33．考查副词。句意：虽然蝴蝶不会像人类父母那样有意地教导后代，但它们的生活经历仍然可以影响后代。A. intentionally故意地；B. secretly秘密地；C. successfully成功地；D. sincerely真诚地。根据后文“teach their young like human parents do”可知，人类父母会有意地教导后代，而蝴蝶则不会。 34．考查名词。句意：Jo Nagai的故事提醒我们，科学发现没有年龄限制。A. space空间；B. speed速度；C. age年龄；D. size尺寸。根据后文“even a young student can challenge established beliefs”可知，即使是一个年轻的学生也可以挑战既定的信念，说明科学发现没有年龄限制。 35．考查动词。句意：只要有耐心、创造力和仔细的观察，即使是一个年轻的学生也可以挑战既定的信念，扩大我们对自然世界的理解。A. block阻止；B. reflect反映；C. assess评估；D. expand扩大。根据后文“our understanding of the natural world”可知，Jo Nagai的故事提醒我们，科学发现可以扩大我们对自然世界的理解。 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 34-year-old Wang Hong has become 36 hit in the mathematics world, successively winning the ICCM Gold Medal of Mathematics and the 2025 Salem Prize. The former 37 (refer) to as the “Fields Medal for Chinese scholars”, and the latter is a key indicator of the Fields Medal. As a 38 (lead) scholar in the field of harmonic analysis, Wang Hong has made remarkable achievements. She has solved many hard math problems. In February this year, she and her team proved the century-old “Kakeya Conjecture (猜想)”, 39 surprised experts all over the world. Her excellent work won 40 (admire) from Shing-Tung Yau, a world-famous math winner. The significance of Wang Hong’s award is profound. The Salem Prize is known as the “precursor” to the Fields Medal. From 1968 to 2024, 10 out of 56 winners 41 (award) this honor went on to win the Fields Medal. Her breakthrough 42 (strengthen) the competitive position of Chinese scholars in the pursuit of top mathematical honors so far. Wang Hong has broken the old wrong idea that girls are bad 43 math and physics. Most male researchers followed old theories. 44 , she dared to challenge traditional wisdom and pioneered an 45 (entire) new approach. Her story indicates to us that on the road of study, family background and gender are never real problems. 【答案】 36．a 37．is referred 38．leading 39．which 40．admiration 41．awarded 42．has strengthened 43．at 44．However 45．entirely 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍34岁数学家王虹斩获多项国际数学大奖，成功证明百年卡克亚猜想（又称挂谷猜想），她的研究提升了中国学者冲击菲尔兹奖的竞争力，同时打破了女生不擅长数理的固有偏见，告诉我们学习路上家庭背景与性别都不是阻碍。 【详解】36．考查冠词。句意：34岁的王虹成为了数学界炙手可热的人物，先后斩获ICCM国际华人数学家大会数学金奖与2025年塞勒姆奖。hit此处为可数名词，意为“一位走红、备受关注的人”，辅音音素开头，表泛指，使用不定冠词a。 37．考查时态语态。句意：前者被称作“华人学者的菲尔兹奖”，后者则是菲尔兹奖的重要衡量标准。描述客观介绍，使用一般现在时，主语the former指代ICCM金奖，与refer to构成被动关系；单数主语，此空填is referred，固定搭配be referred to as表示“被称作”。 38．考查形容词。句意：作为调和分析领域的顶尖学者，王虹取得了令人瞩目的成就。空格修饰名词scholar，需将动词lead转化为形容词leading，含义为“领先的、顶尖的”。 39．考查定语从句。句意：今年二月，她和团队证明了存在百年之久的“卡克亚猜想”，这件事震惊了全球各地的专家。逗号后是非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面整件事，从句缺少主语，只能用关系代词which。 40．考查名词。句意：她出色的研究成果赢得了世界知名数学奖项得主丘成桐的赞赏。动词won后需要名词作宾语，动词admire转换为不可数名词admiration，意为“钦佩、赞赏”。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：1968年至2024年间，56位获此奖项的得主中有十人后来斩获了菲尔兹奖。空格修饰名词winners，winners与award是被动关系，使用过去分词awarded作后置定语，表“被授予该荣誉的”。 42．考查时态。句意：迄今为止，她的突破性成果提升了中国学者角逐顶尖数学奖项的竞争地位。时间标志词so far意为“迄今为止”，是现在完成时的典型标志；主语her breakthrough为单数，助动词用has，strengthen的过去分词为strengthened。 43．考查介词。句意：王虹打破了女生不擅长数学和物理这一陈旧且错误的观念。固定搭配be bad at sth.，表示“不擅长某事”，学科名词前搭配介词at。 44．考查副词。句意：然而，她敢于挑战传统学术观点，开创了一种全新的研究思路。空后阐述的内容与上句构成明显转折逻辑，单词位于句首、后接逗号分隔句子，使用转折副词However。 45．考查副词。句意同上。空格修饰形容词new，需要将形容词entire转换为副词entirely，含义为“完全地、彻底地”。 第三节 书面表达（25分） 假定你是李华，你计划去英国参加夏令营学习活动，请给该活动的负责人Mr. Smith先生写封邮件，咨询有关情况。内容包括： 1. 参与条件； 2. 活动安排； 3. 费用及食宿问题。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear Mr. Smith, I'm Li Hua. I plan to go to Britain for the studying-abroad summer camp and I'm writing to consult some details about it. To start with, I'd like to know the requirements for the participants so that I can make it clear whether I have the qualifications. If convenient, could you please offer me some detailed information about the schedule of all the activities? What's more, I would appreciate it if you could tell me the fee for the camp and whether the accommodation is included. I'm looking forward to receiving your early reply. Thank you in advance for your assistance. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高二选择性必修第一册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Working the Land·基础通关（答案版） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：150分） 第一部分 基础知识检测(共四项，满分45分) 一、单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. organic 2. devote 3. shortage 4. tackle 5. crisis 6. boost 7. yield 8. convince 9. characteristic 10. nutritious 二、短语填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 1. devote; to 2. in turn 3. deep down 4. for instance 5. is comprised of 三、单句语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. 答案：to 2. 答案：nutritious 3. 答案：aspects 4. 答案：digestion 5. 答案：consumption 6. 答案：Whether 7. 答案：reality 8. 答案：that 9. 答案：celebrities 10. 答案：convincing; convinced 四、完成句子（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 1. 答案：bought online are cheaper than those at the store 2. 答案：it will be nowhere near as wealthy as our village next year 3. 答案：convince them of your enthusiasm for the job 4. 答案：It is estimated that 10 million dollars will be needed 5. 答案：that I would overcome my shyness and communicate with others actively in college 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 16．A 17．D 18．G 19．E 20．F 第三部分 第一节 完形填空 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D 第二节 语法填空 36．a 37．is referred 38．leading 39．which 40．admiration 41．awarded 42．has strengthened 43．at 44．However 45．entirely 第三节 书面表达 【参考范文】 Dear Mr. Smith, I'm Li Hua. I plan to go to Britain for the studying-abroad summer camp and I'm writing to consult some details about it. To start with, I'd like to know the requirements for the participants so that I can make it clear whether I have the qualifications. If convenient, could you please offer me some detailed information about the schedule of all the activities? What's more, I would appreciate it if you could tell me the fee for the camp and whether the accommodation is included. I'm looking forward to receiving your early reply. Thank you in advance for your assistance. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年高二选择性必修第一册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Working the Land·基础通关 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：150分） 第一部分 基础知识检测(共四项，满分45分) 一、单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 根据括号中文释义或首字母提示填写单词，注意词形变化。 1. Farmers use o_________ (有机的) fertilizer to keep their rice safe and healthy to eat. 2. Most scientists d_________ (献身) all their time to improving food production each year. 3. Many remote villages face a food s_________ (短缺) due to bad weather this summer. 4. We must t_________ (解决) farming problems to feed more people around the world. 5. Natural disasters will push agriculture into a serious c_________ (危机) without proper measures. 6. Advanced farming skills help b_________ (使增长) grain output in poor mountain areas. 7. This new rice type can achieve a higher y_________ (产量) under poor soil conditions. 8. The data can c_________ (使相信) farmers to try this eco-friendly planting method. 9. Hardiness is an important c_________ (特征) of crops grown in cold northern areas. 10. Fresh vegetables are more n_________ (有营养的) than fast food for growing teenagers. 二、短语填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 从方框内短语中选择合适短语，并用正确形式填空，每个短语只用一次 | in turn | devote...to,,, | for instance | be comprised of | deep down 1. Many researchers __________ all their energy and time ______ developing high-yield rice every day. 2. Warm rainfall helps crops grow well, and good harvests __________ bring local farmers wealth. 3. He pretends not to care about farming, but __________ he hopes to run an eco-farm one day. 4. Some green crops grow well on poor land, __________ this new kind of drought-resistant wheat. 5. This new kind of organic fertilizer __________ natural plants and animal waste. 三、单句语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. It is reported that two primary schools in Plymouth have introduced robots as an alternative __________ teaching assistants. 2. It is important for us to have a __________ (nutrition) breakfast, for it can keep us full of energy in the morning. 3. There are some __________ (aspect) of culture that people will lose right away, but with food, there are more opportunities to connect to memory, family and place. 4. It was discovered that tea aided __________ (digest), so teahouse owners started offering snacks with their tea, and yum cha was born. 5. Gone are the days when seafood __________ (consume) was a luxury for Chinese people. 6. __________ we need more drink and food depends on how many guests will come to the party this evening. 7. After taking extension courses for four years, he got his degree in agriculture and his dream of working the land became a __________ (real). 8. It is amazing to us __________ ancient craftsmen were able to carve such a giant statue. 9. Modern society honours winners and successful sportspeople quickly become __________ (celebrity), admired by all. 10. Johnson's __________ speech won him a wide faithful audience and I was also of __________ his opinions. (convince) 四、根据中文提示完成句子（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 1. 如今，在网上买的很多东西要比在商店里买得便宜。（动词-ed形式作定语） Nowadays, many things _____________________________________________________. 2. 即使那个村子发展速度很快，但是到明年它也远不及我们村子富裕。(nowhere near) Although that village develops very rapidly, __________________________________________________. 3. 在申请这份工作时，你首先必须让他们相信你对这份工作的热情。(convince sb. of sth.) When applying for the job, you must first _____________________________________. 4. 对于这个公司来说，完成这项技术革新估计需要1000万美元。(estimate) _____________________________________ for the company to complete this technological innovation. 5. 我许下诺言，我要在大学时期克服羞怯，积极与他人沟通。（同位语从句） I made a promise _____________________________________________________. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Outstanding Female Physicists in Modern History Chien-Shiung Wu (1912-1997, Chinese-American) She was a top nuclear physicist. At 44, she did the “Wu Experiment” (1956), proving parity violation (宇称不守恒) — particles don’t act the same in mirror images. This helped two male scientists win the Nobel Prize. She taught at Columbia University, guided many students, and earned the Wolf Prize in Physics (1978). Marie Curie (1867-1934, Polish-French) She was the only person to win the Nobel Prizes in two sciences (Physics 1903, Chemistry 1911). Born in Poland, she worked in France. With her husband, she discovered polonium (1898, named after Poland) and radium at 31. She studied radioactivity, used it in early cancer treatment, and helped make X-ray machines for World War I hospitals. Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958, British) A 31-year-old biophysicist, she took “Photo 51” (1952) — the first clear X-ray picture of DNA．This image was key for Watson and Crick to figure out DNA’s double-helix structure. She also studied coal and viruses, but died young at 37 from illness linked to her work. Lise Meitner (1878-1968, Austrian-Swedish) She was a Jewish physicist who fled Austria to Sweden in 1938 (age 60). With Otto Hahn, she discovered nuclear fission (核裂变) — splitting atoms to release huge energy. She named “fission” and explained how it works, though Hahn alone got the 1944 Nobel. She later taught in Sweden and became a global physics icon (偶像). 1．What is special about polonium? A．It was discovered together with radium. B．It was named after Marie Curie’s homeland. C．It was used to treat cancer in hospitals. D．It helped make X‑ray machines. 2．What part did Rosalind Franklin’s “Photo 51” play? A．It helped uncover DNA’s double-helix shape. B．It was the first X-ray picture of DNA． C．It supported the study of coal and viruses. D．It showed that she worked as a biophysicist. 3．What do all four female scientists have in common according to the passage? A．They all made breakthroughs in nuclear physics. B．They all faced gender discrimination in their careers. C．They all contributed greatly to science. D．They were all born in Europe. B For Katie Lewis, Ph.D．, every soil sample, every field trial and every long day in the West Texas sun comes down to one thing — helping farmers build a future that lasts. That commitment runs deep. Lewis grew up on a farm, married a farmer, and now raises her children on the same type of land her research aims to protect. Lewis, like many Texas farmers, has experienced firsthand the hardships and seasonal ups and downs of the market. As a Texas A&M AgriLife Research soil chemistry and fertility scientist, she works each day to ensure that future generations of Texas farmers can thrive. As a child, Katie Lewis carried around a cigar box with batteries and wires, begging her parents for an at-home science kit to feed her growing curiosity about how things worked. That wonder was inspired by a high school science teacher, who turned every lesson into a discovery. These influences didn’t just spark interest; they guided her clear choice of study in higher education. Lewis earned a bachelor’s degree in chemistry, but her early years spent on a farm added a unique layer to her academic journey. Now in her 11th year with AgriLife Research, Lewis is looking for environmentally and economically sustainable management strategies for farmers and their cropping systems. More recently, Lewis is tackling carbon dynamics in semi-arid (半干旱) environments — work backed by more than $15 million in funding over the past few years. For Lewis, though, her impact isn’t only at the farm level; it scales through to the next generation of those who love the science. Her graduate training program has graduated 30 master’s students and 19 doctoral students, with six serving as scientists at land-grant institutions. “It is not just about the research,” Lewis said. “It’s about training the next generation of soil scientists to continue to be curious, think outside the box and find solutions to the challenges that agriculture faces.” 4．What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A．Why soil science degrees matter to Lewis. B．How AgriLife Research helps local farmers. C．Why local farming faces seasonal hardships. D．How Lewis’ upbringing fueled her ambition. 5．How can Lewis be described as a student? A．Demanding. B．Self-motivated. C．Inspirational. D．Self-sacrificing. 6．What is Lewis’ research focus? A．Sustainable farming in severe places. B．Analyzing soil nutrients in a new way. C．Economical strategies for Texas farmers. D．Managing farm produce with efficiency. 7．Why did Lewis establish a graduate training program? A．To boost her impact in farming study. B．To advocate the research in agriculture. C．To expand the size of local institutions. D．To promote the idea of land protection. C A quiet AI revolution is happening in China’s countryside. In provinces like Jilin, Yunnan and Hubei, farmers are turning to AI to save their crops from flooding and disease. China is offering the world a new route for AI development. Free AI services have gained widespread popularity across China. DeepSeek’s integration (融合) into WeChat brought lots of users to Tencent’s Yuanbao, whose DAU (Daily Active Users) jumped 20 times in two months. AI has quickly integrated into people’s daily life and serves a huge number of farmers in the countryside. By making AI tools free and accessible through platforms like WeChat, China has driven wide grassroots application. Chinese companies put user scale first — and that scale is surprising: nearly 300 million farmers, representing about 20% of the national population, are potential AI users. This large group of rural users can be clearly seen from real farming cases. Take one village in Hubei as an example: rice fields there were once in danger due to weeks of heavy rain. As a result, farmers turned to Yuanbao. The chatbot recommended building embankments (堤岸) and changing to high-ridge planting (高垄种植) — the advice arrived instantly, adapted to specific problems and images uploaded by farmers with little formal education. For Chinese farmers, the benefits of AI services are real and immediate. AI is no longer a futuristic idea but a daily tool in their daily life. However, with the rapid spread of AI in rural areas, many related challenges have appeared. AI researchers found that most farmers didn’t know how to put useful questions to AI chatbots unless led by local officials. Educational gaps remain a problem: even when farmers receive answers, they might not understand the technical terms involved. Without a complete cycle of understanding and putting ideas into practice, the benefits of AI can’t be fully realized. Researchers also stress that making AI useful for the farmers as well as the elderly will require more than just stylish interfaces and bigger models. It urgently demands simplified responses, voice control tools and solutions adapted to real-life conditions. 8．What resulted from DeepSeek’s integration into WeChat? A．Free AI services in China became available. B．Tencent’s Yuanbao saw a rapid increase in users. C．Farmers in Hubei doubled their rice production. D．WeChat users’ potential improved significantly. 9．What writing skill does the author mainly use in Paragraph 4? A．Making a comparison B．Giving an example C．Listing numbers D．Explaining cause and effect 10．What will the researchers most probably do next? A．Develop larger AI models. B．Spread AI access to more cities. C．Provide simple and practical instructions. D．Teach farmers to understand technical terms. 11．What is the main idea of the passage? A．AI companies profit greatly from rural users. B．AI has solved all farming problems in China. C．Farmers prefer traditional methods to AI technology. D．China’s rural AI holds promise but faces challenges. D Water shortages, rising temperatures, and droughts caused by climate change have an immense impact on agriculture — and today’s farmers are desperate to find solutions. In the western United States, some are turning to dry-farming, a form of agriculture that doesn’t require irrigation. Dry-farmed plants take moisture (水分) stored in the ground, rather than irrigating from above. All farmers need is a wet, rainy season, followed by a dry growing season, as well as some methods like placing a layer of mulch (覆盖物) on top of soil to keep moisture, spacing plants more widely, and planting earlier in the season. According to the Dry Farming Institute, “Dry-farming is a low-input, place-based approach to producing crops within the constraints of your climate.” As the institute defines it, “A dry-farmed crop is irrigated once or not at all.” Dry-farming is not a one-size-fits-all solution, but it can save farmers thousands of liters in water every season — and help maintain a climate-resilient business. And the best part? Dry-farmed produce is praised for tasting better than irrigated crops, and crops such as tomatoes, potatoes, squash, corn, watermelon and even grapes, are excellent candidates for dry-farming. In fact, dry-farming is so game-changing for vineyards (葡萄园) that some areas in Europe forbid irrigating wine grapes, in order to sweeten them. Dry-farming is a long-held standard practice, from olive groves in the Mediterranean (地中海) to melon fields in Botswana. In the US, it dates back thousands of years among indigenous peoples — proving once again that indigenous knowledge is the key to protecting the planet. “Dry-farming is not just farming — it’s our way of life,” said Michael Kotutwa Johnson, an Indigenous Resiliency specialist at the University of Arizona and member of the Hopi Tribe. “You get to really learn what the environment gives you, and you learn to reward. It’s a beautiful thing, and it’s something that needs to be cherished.” 12．What is a key feature of dry-farming? A．It uses natural underground wetness. B．It waters crops often in dry seasons. C．It has been proved suitable for most crops. D．It demands thick mulch all the year round. 13．Why do some European areas ban irrigation for wine grapes? A．To cut the cost of water supply. B．To improve grapes’ pleasant flavor. C．To popularize local dry-farming. D．To limit excessive grape planting. 14．What can we infer about dry-farming? A．It is a newly created farming skill. B．It works equally for all farmlands. C．It costs much more labor and money. D．It carries ancient native eco-wisdom. 15．How does Johnson feel about dry-farming? A．It requires modern technology. B．It is complex for most farmers. C．It is a tradition worth preserving. D．It works as a temporary solution. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While pesticides (杀虫剂) are common in many gardens, they’re not the only option when it comes to creating a beautiful backyard. But going organic isn’t merely about avoiding harm of pesticides. 16 Here, we explore steps to create a garden with natural interventions. Try lazy gardening Worried about leaves building up on your ground? Sweep pathways to keep them safe and clear, but leaves left to break down become natural plant nutrition and soil conditioner. 17 These multiple functions lay the foundation for a rich and healthy environment. Reframe the idea of “pests” and “weeds” The Royal Horticultural Society encourages gardeners to think of “pests” as “wildlife in the wrong place”. It reminds us that our plants can usually handle some level of damage, and the aim shouldn’t be to destroy these creatures, but to balance them to a tolerable level. 18 Most weeds are native species that provide food and shelter for wildlife. Use biological controls 19 Unlike pesticides, these natural predators (捕食者) don’t cause any damage to your plants or your health, and they can actually be more effective at targeting a specific problem. For example, got an aphid infestation (蚜虫侵害)? Introduce some beneficial insects that eat aphids. Learn to spot problems early When you can spot and identify problems early on, it’s much easier to take action. For instance, you find disease spots on the leaves of your climbing plants, and quickly cut the infected leaves off — the problem should be solved, and no treatment is required. Or your plants look weak, so you check if the water can go into the soil well, and adjust your watering schedule. 20 A．It’s about working with nature. B．Prevent weeds with organic matters. C．Going organic offers a full harvest of positives. D．They also provide safe habitats for garden creatures. E．Natural enemies can help you manage your garden ecosystem. F．This not only builds your gardening skills but also saves you money. G．Similarly, “weeds” are simply plants growing where we prefer them not to. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At the age of ten, most children spend their free time playing games or watching cartoons. Jo Nagai, however, 21 to raise swallowtail caterpillars (凤蝶幼虫) in his own home. What started as a childhood curiosity soon turned into a 22 breakthrough that astonished scientists worldwide. Jo designed a simple but clever experiment. He 23 caterpillars to connect a particular scent (气味) with an unpleasant experience. After the caterpillars 24 into butterflies, he tested them again. Scientists had always assumed that memories would disappear during this dramatic change, when a caterpillar literally breaks down and 25 itself inside the chrysalis (蛹). To everyone’s 26 , many butterflies still avoided the scent. Somehow, their memories had 27 the transformation. But Jo was not 28 with this discovery alone. He decided to push his research further. Jo 29 the experiment and examined the second generation. He wanted to know if the butterflies’ offspring (后代) would also 30 the same smell. The results were clear: the learned responses had been 31 to the next generation. This finding suggests something 32 about nature. Although butterflies do not 33 teach their young like human parents do, their life experiences can still shape future generations. Jo Nagai’s story reminds us that scientific discovery has no 34 limit. With patience, creativity, and careful observation, even a young student can challenge established beliefs and 35 our understanding of the natural world. 21．A．hesitated B．pretended C．failed D．chose 22．A．medical B．scientific C．technological D．geological 23．A．trained B．killed C．counted D．followed 24．A．crashed B．divided C．transformed D．looked 25．A．rebuilds B．introduces C．protects D．recycles 26．A．regret B．surprise C．embarrassment D．relief 27．A．promoted B．delayed C．arranged D．survived 28．A．annoyed B．satisfied C．strict D．familiar 29．A．repeated B．published C．standardized D．funded 30．A．produce B．remove C．avoid D．absorb 31．A．held back B．given out C．figured out D．passed down 32．A．peaceful B．meaningful C．touching D．confusing 33．A．intentionally B．secretly C．successfully D．sincerely 34．A．space B．speed C．age D．size 35．A．block B．reflect C．assess D．expand 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 34-year-old Wang Hong has become 36 hit in the mathematics world, successively winning the ICCM Gold Medal of Mathematics and the 2025 Salem Prize. The former 37 (refer) to as the “Fields Medal for Chinese scholars”, and the latter is a key indicator of the Fields Medal. As a 38 (lead) scholar in the field of harmonic analysis, Wang Hong has made remarkable achievements. She has solved many hard math problems. In February this year, she and her team proved the century-old “Kakeya Conjecture (猜想)”, 39 surprised experts all over the world. Her excellent work won 40 (admire) from Shing-Tung Yau, a world-famous math winner. The significance of Wang Hong’s award is profound. The Salem Prize is known as the “precursor” to the Fields Medal. From 1968 to 2024, 10 out of 56 winners 41 (award) this honor went on to win the Fields Medal. Her breakthrough 42 (strengthen) the competitive position of Chinese scholars in the pursuit of top mathematical honors so far. Wang Hong has broken the old wrong idea that girls are bad 43 math and physics. Most male researchers followed old theories. 44 , she dared to challenge traditional wisdom and pioneered an 45 (entire) new approach. Her story indicates to us that on the road of study, family background and gender are never real problems. 第三节 书面表达（25分） 假定你是李华，你计划去英国参加夏令营学习活动，请给该活动的负责人Mr. Smith先生写封邮件，咨询有关情况。内容包括： 1. 参与条件； 2. 活动安排； 3. 费用及食宿问题。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共12页） 试题 第4页（共12页） 试题 第1页（共12页） 试题 第2页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $