Unit 2 Being a Better Me. Lesson 3（知识清单）-2026-2027学年重大版英语五年级上册

该小学英语知识清单系统梳理了重大版五上Unit 2 Lesson 3“From Caterpillar to Butterfly”内容，涵盖核心词汇、重点短语、核心句型、语法点及课文解析，搭建了从基础语言积累到语法应用再到主题理解的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“★重点标注”“易错提示”“表格归纳”构建知识体系，如形容词比较级规则表格、“比较级+and+比较级”结构解析，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“故事结构与蜕变线”分析成长主题，易错提示标注become过去式、butterfly复数变化等，助力学生自主学习，教师可据此高效设计教学活动。

重大版五上 Unit 2 Being a Better Me. Lesson 3知识清单与详解 一、单元主题 From Caterpillar to Butterfly（从毛毛虫到蝴蝶） 本课是一个关于毛毛虫蜕变成蝴蝶的科普小故事。一只胖毛毛虫因为不会飞、感到孤独而伤心，她不断进食，身体越来越胖；随后皮肤越来越小，她努力破茧而出；她做了一个茧，在里面等待；最后她变成了一只美丽的蝴蝶，能够飞翔，并和许多花交了朋友。故事传达了"成长与蜕变"的主题，告诉学生每个人都会经历成长的过程，坚持等待就能迎来美好的蜕变。本课核心语法是形容词比较级及"比较级 + and + 比较级"结构。 二、核心词汇详解 序号 单词 音标 词性 释义 搭配 / 例句 1 become /bɪˈkʌm/ v. 变成；成为 become a butterfly 变成蝴蝶 become beautiful 变美丽 过去式：became She becomes a beautiful butterfly. 2 body /ˈbɒdi/ n. 身体 her body 她的身体 body gets fatter 身体变胖 复数：bodies Her body gets fatter and fatter. 3 butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ n. 蝴蝶 a beautiful butterfly 一只美丽的蝴蝶 复数：butterflies She becomes a butterfly. 4 caterpillar /ˈkætəpɪlə(r)/ n. 毛毛虫 a fat caterpillar 一只胖毛毛虫 复数：caterpillars A fat caterpillar is sad. 5 fat /fæt/ adj. 胖的 a fat caterpillar 一只胖毛毛虫 比较级：fatter 最高级：fattest Her body gets fatter and fatter. 6 out /aʊt/ adv. 出去；在外 come out 出来 go out 出去 try hard to come out 努力出来 She tries hard to come out. 7 sad /sæd/ adj. 伤心的；难过的 be sad 伤心 feel sad 感到伤心 比较级：sadder A fat caterpillar is sad. 8 skin /skɪn/ n. 皮；皮肤 her skin 她的皮肤 smaller and smaller 越来越小 Her skin becomes smaller and smaller. 易错提示： ① become 是不规则动词，过去式是 became，过去分词是 become。 ② butterfly 的复数是 butterflies（变 y 为 i 加 es），类似的还有 fly→flies, city→cities。 ③ fat 的比较级是 fatter（双写 t 加 er），因为 fat 是重读闭音节结尾。 ④ sad 的比较级是 sadder（双写 d 加 er），最高级是 saddest。 三、重点短语 短语 释义 例句 a fat caterpillar 一只胖毛毛虫 A fat caterpillar is sad. feel lonely 感到孤独 She feels lonely. can't fly 不会飞 She can't fly. eat and eat 吃啊吃 She eats and eats. get fatter and fatter 变得越来越胖 Her body gets fatter and fatter. become smaller and smaller 变得越来越小 Her skin becomes smaller and smaller. try hard to come out 努力出来 She tries hard to come out. make a house 做一个房子（茧） She makes a house. stay in it 待在里面 She stays in it. at last 最后；终于 At last, she becomes a butterfly. become a beautiful butterfly 变成一只美丽的蝴蝶 She becomes a beautiful butterfly. make friends with... 和……交朋友 She makes friends with lots of flowers. lots of flowers 许多花 She makes friends with lots of flowers. a beautiful butterfly 一只美丽的蝴蝶 At last, she becomes a beautiful butterfly. 四、核心句型 句型 1：主语 + feel(s) + 形容词（感到……） She feels lonely. 她感到孤独。 结构：主语 + feel(s) + 形容词. feel 是感官动词，意为"感到、觉得"，后面接形容词作表语。 主语是第三人称单数时，feel 变为 feels。 例句：I feel happy. / He feels tired. / They feel excited. 句型 2：主语 + can't + 动词原形（不会/不能做某事） She can't fly. 她不会飞。 结构：主语 + can't (cannot) + 动词原形. can 是情态动词，否定形式是 can't（cannot），后接动词原形。 表示"不会、不能"做某事。 例句：I can't swim. / He can't speak English. / They can't come. 句型 3：动词 + and + 同一个动词（表反复/持续） She eats and eats. 她吃啊吃。 结构：主语 + 动词 + and + 同一个动词. 同一个动词用 and 连接，表示动作反复进行、持续不断。 主语是第三人称单数时，两个动词都要加 -s。 例句：She cried and cried. / They ran and ran. / He laughed and laughed. 句型 4：get/become + 比较级 + and + 比较级（越来越……）★重点 Her body gets fatter and fatter. 她的身体变得越来越胖。 Her skin becomes smaller and smaller. 她的皮肤变得越来越小。 结构：主语 + get/become + 比较级 + and + 比较级. 表示"越来越……"，强调变化的过程和趋势。 get 和 become 都是表示"变得"的动词，后接形容词比较级。 单音节词：fat→fatter and fatter, small→smaller and smaller 多音节词：more and more beautiful（越来越美丽），more and more important 例句：The days get longer and longer. / She becomes more and more beautiful. 句型 5：try hard to do sth.（努力做某事） Then she tries hard to come out. 然后她努力地想要出来。 结构：主语 + try/try hard + to + 动词原形. try to do sth. 努力/试图做某事；try hard to do sth. 更强调"努力"的程度。 主语是第三人称单数时，try 变为 tries（变 y 为 i 加 es）。 例句：I try to learn English. / He tries hard to pass the exam. / She tries to come out. 句型 6：At last, 主语 + become(s) + 名词（终于变成……） At last, she becomes a beautiful butterfly. 最后，她变成了一只美丽的蝴蝶。 结构：At last, + 主语 + become(s) + 名词/形容词. at last 意为"最后、终于"，强调经过一段时间的等待或努力后最终达成。 become 意为"变成、成为"，后面可接名词或形容词。 例句：At last, he becomes a doctor. / At last, the weather becomes warm. / At last, I finished my homework. 五、语法点精讲 1. 形容词比较级 ★重点 形容词比较级用于两者之间的比较，表示"更……"。 规则 原级 比较级 例词 一般直接加 -er small, tall, long smaller, taller, longer small→smaller 以 e 结尾加 -r nice, large, late nicer, larger, later nice→nicer 重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音加 -er fat, big, sad, thin fatter, bigger, sadder, thinner fat→fatter, sad→sadder 以辅音字母+y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -er happy, easy, busy happier, easier, busier happy→happier 多音节词在前面加 more beautiful, important more beautiful, more important beautiful→more beautiful 不规则变化 good, bad, many better, worse, more good→better 课文中出现的比较级：fat→fatter, small→smaller 用法：A + be + 比较级 + than + B.（A 比 B 更……） 例句：The elephant is bigger than the rabbit. / She is taller than me. 2. 比较级 + and + 比较级（越来越……） 表示程度逐渐增加或减少，意为"越来越……"。 类型 结构 例句 单音节词 比较级 + and + 比较级 fatter and fatter 越来越胖 smaller and smaller 越来越小 taller and taller 越来越高 多音节词 more and more + 原级 more and more beautiful 越来越美丽 more and more important 越来越重要 与 get/become 连用 get/become + 比较级 + and + 比较级 Her body gets fatter and fatter. The weather becomes warmer and warmer. 课文例句：Her body gets fatter and fatter. / Her skin becomes smaller and smaller. 注意：单音节词用"比较级 + and + 比较级"，多音节词用"more and more + 原级"，不能混用。 3. become 的用法 become 是不规则动词，意为"变成、成为"，过去式是 became。 用法 结构 例句 become + 名词 主语 + become(s) + 名词 She becomes a butterfly. / He becomes a teacher. become + 形容词 主语 + become(s) + 形容词 She becomes beautiful. / The sky becomes dark. become + 比较级 主语 + become(s) + 比较级 Her skin becomes smaller. / He becomes stronger. 过去式 became 主语 + became + 名词/形容词 She became a butterfly. / He became angry. become 与 get 的区别：两者都可表示"变得"，become 更正式，强调状态的变化结果；get 更口语化，强调变化的过程。课文中两者都有使用：gets fatter, becomes smaller。 4. 一般现在时第三人称单数（回顾） 本课故事用一般现在时叙述，主语 she 是第三人称单数，谓语动词要加 -s 或 -es。 课文中的动词变化： ① feel → feels（She feels lonely.） ② eat → eats（She eats and eats.） ③ get → gets（Her body gets fatter.） ④ become → becomes（Her skin becomes smaller. / She becomes a butterfly.） ⑤ try → tries（She tries hard to come out.）—— 变 y 为 i 加 es ⑥ make → makes（She makes a house. / She makes friends.） ⑦ stay → stays（She stays in it.） ⑧ wait → waits（She waits.） 六、课文逐句解析（P.23） 预测填空答案：a fat caterpillar → a beautiful butterfly 解析：故事开头是一只胖毛毛虫（fat caterpillar），结尾变成了美丽的蝴蝶（beautiful butterfly）。 原文 翻译 解析 A fat caterpillar is sad. She feels lonely. She can't fly. 一只胖毛毛虫很伤心。她感到孤独。她不会飞。 故事开头，介绍主人公的状态：fat 胖的；is sad 伤心（be+形容词）；feels lonely 感到孤独（感官动词+形容词）；can't fly 不会飞（情态动词否定+动词原形）；交代了毛毛虫伤心的原因——孤独、不会飞。 She eats and eats. Her body gets fatter and fatter. 她吃啊吃。她的身体变得越来越胖。 eats and eats 同一个动词用 and 连接表反复；gets fatter and fatter 越来越胖（get+比较级+and+比较级）；fat 是重读闭音节，比较级双写 t 加 er；毛毛虫不断进食，身体逐渐变胖，为后续蜕皮做准备。 Her skin becomes smaller and smaller. Then she tries hard to come out. 她的皮肤变得越来越小。然后她努力地想要出来。 becomes smaller and smaller 越来越小（become+比较级+and+比较级）；small 一般加 er；Then 然后（表顺序）；tries hard to come out 努力出来（try hard to do sth.）；try 变 y 为 i 加 es；皮肤变小说明毛毛虫在生长，需要蜕皮/破茧。 She makes a house. She stays in it. She waits. 她做了一个房子（茧）。她待在里面。她等待。 makes a house 做一个房子，这里指毛毛虫做的茧（chrysalis）；stays in it 待在里面；waits 等待；三个短句简洁有力，描述毛毛虫在茧中等待蜕变的过程，为最后的变化蓄势。 At last, she becomes a beautiful butterfly. She can fly. She makes friends with lots of flowers. 最后，她变成了一只美丽的蝴蝶。她能飞了。她和许多花交了朋友。 At last 最后、终于（强调等待后的结果）；becomes a beautiful butterfly 变成美丽的蝴蝶（become+名词）；can fly 能飞了（与开头 can't fly 形成对比）；makes friends with... 和……交朋友；lots of flowers 许多花；故事结局，毛毛虫完成蜕变，获得了飞翔的能力和新朋友。 故事结构与蜕变线 蜕变过程：毛毛虫 → 进食变胖 → 皮肤变小 → 做茧等待 → 破茧成蝶 ① 开头：A fat caterpillar is sad. She feels lonely. She can't fly.（状态：伤心、孤独、不会飞） ② 发展1：She eats and eats. Her body gets fatter and fatter.（进食，身体变胖） ③ 发展2：Her skin becomes smaller and smaller. Then she tries hard to come out.（生长，努力蜕皮） ④ 蓄势：She makes a house. She stays in it. She waits.（做茧，等待蜕变） ⑤ 结局：At last, she becomes a beautiful butterfly. She can fly. She makes friends with lots of flowers.（破茧成蝶，获得新生） 前后对比：开头 can't fly（不会飞）→ 结尾 can fly（能飞了）；开头 sad and lonely（伤心孤独）→ 结尾 makes friends（交到朋友）。通过对比突出成长与蜕变的主题。 主旨启示：成长是一个需要等待和努力的过程。就像毛毛虫要经过进食、蜕皮、做茧、等待，才能变成美丽的蝴蝶一样，我们在学习和生活中也会遇到困难，但只要坚持努力、耐心等待，终会迎来属于自己的"蜕变"。 第 1 页 共 9 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $