Unit 4 Period 2 课后巩固 多维提能-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修一同步教参（人教版）

**基本信息** 分层清晰，从基础语法巩固到综合能力提升，覆盖非谓语动词等核心知识点，通过单句-语篇-真实情境递进，适配新授课教学，培养语言能力与文化意识。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础知识巩固练|非谓语动词、形容词、固定搭配；单句语法填空、语法与写作、语篇填空|单句到语篇递进，语法与写作结合，夯实基础语言能力| |综合能力提升练|阅读理解（跨文化肢体语言等）、七选五（语篇结构）、语法填空（综合语法）|真实语篇情境，融入文化意识与思维品质，提升综合应用能力|

[基础知识巩固练] 维度一　单句语法填空 1．I still remember being employed(employ) by the company for the first time. 2．All the educators try their best to prevent the students from being lost(lose) in online games. 3．I wasn't allowed to cycle(cycle) along the Mekong River together with my classmates, putting me in low spirits. 4．The story was amusing and all the people present were amused．(amuse) 5．I didn't mean to shrink(shrink), but it was beyond my reach. 6．The incredible news that spread around her school was her being admitted(admit) to her dream university. 7．Young people may risk going (go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. 8．He cares little about spending (spend) money on himself and leads a comfortable life. 9．I highly recommend visiting (visit) this exhibition. I am convinced that you will learn a lot about Chinese culture and art. 10．The plan that our monitor put forward for the class trip is very practical and promising(promise). 11．My favorite after-school activity is playing(play) basketball with friends. 12．He is tired(tire) of doing the same thing every day. 13．The broken desk in the corner requires fixing/to be fixed(fix) before the new student uses it. 14．Her hobby is taking(take) part in language exchange meetings to practice speaking different languages.　 15．The comedy show is very interesting(interest) and the cast is very good, attracting a lot of audience. 维度二　语法与写作 1．那个热爱动物的小女孩梦想长大后在动物园工作，照顾大熊猫。 The little girl who loves animals dreams of working in a zoo and taking care of pandas when she grows up. 2．我的同桌记得上周末在市中心迷路时，有个陌生人帮过她。 My deskmate remembers being helped by a stranger when she got lost in the downtown last weekend. 3．只要你坚持每天阅读，你就会发现学习新单词变得越来越轻松且有趣。 As long as you stick to reading every day, you will find that learning new words is more and more relaxing and enjoyable． 4．我放学后最喜欢做的事是和同学们在操场上打羽毛球。 What I like most after school is playing badminton with my classmates on the playground． 5．尽管学校图书馆每天开放，但里面的旧书需要定期被整理归类。 Although the school library is open every day, the old books there require/need sorting/to be sorted out regularly． 6．虽然有很多网课，但大多数学生更愿意在教室里听老师讲解。 Although there are many online courses, most students prefer listening/to listen to the teacher's explanation in the classroom． 7．这只鹿很幸运，它刚好躲过了猎人的捕杀。 The deer was lucky and it just missed being caught by the hunter． 8．你发表的演讲鼓舞人心，触动了我的心。 The speech you delivered was inspiring and touched my heart. 9．老师遗憾地通知全班，因为天气恶劣，校运动会将延期举行。 The teacher regrets to inform the class that the school sports meeting will be put off due to the bad weather. 10．我会花些时间学习数学和物理，这两门是我薄弱的学科。 I will spend some time in studying maths and physics, which are my weak subjects. 维度三　语篇填空 The angry wife asked a porter in a loud voice，“Where is that thief？” The porter was 1.confused(confuse) and responded at once，“Jack is the best guy I've ever known. Our job is 2.delivering(deliver) customers' things to them safely.” However，the wife sneered，“You must be lying，or my stuff couldn't end up 3.being(be) in your cart.” The porter，his face flushing with anger，retorted，“We are not thieves.But the problem is Jack's 4.being injured(injure) in a car accident.Though he is badly injured，his wish is 5.to deliver(deliver) your stuff to you. So I help Jack.” Upon 6.hearing(hear) that，the husband had tears in his eyes and the wife regretted 7.saying(say) such sharp words to the porter. [综合能力提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·广州高二上学期期中)I used to think words were everything.My crash course in body language began with a single glance—downward.During a school exchange in Osaka, my host-brother, Kenji, kept his eyes on the tatami whenever his father spoke.I mistook the gesture for boredom and even disrespect.Only later did our group leader explain: in Japan, a lowered gaze can signal deep respect.The first myth in my “dictionary of gestures” was shattered. The next week I stayed with an Italian family in Rome.At dinner, fifteen-year-old Luca stared straight at his father while arguing about football.His mother leaned forward, eyebrows raised, and the discussion grew louder, yet no one took offence.I checked my notes: in Mediterranean cultures, steady eye-contact often shows honesty and engagement, not defiance.Two countries, two sets of eyes—two opposite meanings. I began to turn the lens on myself.A video of our class presentation revealed that when nervous I cross my arms so tightly that my shoulders rise, making me appear unapproachable.I also noticed that when my Australian lab-partner, Zoe, genuinely agrees, she opens her palms upward—a small, universal invitation to trust.These discoveries felt like decoding a secret script whose letters are made of spines, smiles and tilts of the head. Learning to read—and edit—my own non-verbal signals has already paid off.Last term, a new student from Vietnam sat alone at lunch.Remembering my Japanese lesson, I didn't force eye-contact; I simply placed my bag beside her and angled my body toward hers.She talked, I listened, and by the end of the week we were sharing playlists.Words introduced us, but gestures made the friendship stick.The code is still being written, line by eyebrow line. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过与各国同学交流，发现不同文化中肢体语言包括眼神的含义迥异，进而关注自身肢体语言并从中受益的故事。 1．What first made the author realise that body language can be misunderstood? A．Seeing Kenji look down while his father spoke. B．Reading a book on cultural differences abroad. C．Watching Luca argue loudly with his parents. D．Being told that words are not everything. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“my host-brother, Kenji, kept his eyes on the tatami... I mistook the gesture for boredom and even disrespect”可知，作者看到健二听父亲说话时向下看，误以为是不尊重的表现。 2．What does the underlined phrase “secret script” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．A system of hidden messages conveyed by gestures. B．A diary the author kept to record cultural notes. C．A set of Latin words used in ancient Rome. D．A coding language designed for robots. A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段作者通过观察不同文化中的肢体语言，发现这些动作传递特定含义，并结合画线短语下文“whose letters are made of spines, smiles and tilts of the head”可推知，画线短语指的是一种通过手势传递的隐藏信息系统。 3．Which of the following best describes the author's change? A．He ignores non-verbal signals completely. B．He becomes more critical of other cultures. C．He uses body language to build better relationships. D．He prefers Italian styles of communication. C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段作者用具体行动与新同学建立友谊可推知，作者学会用肢体语言来改善关系。 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．When Words Travel Alone B．The Gift of Silence C．Eyes That Speak Different Tongues D．A Journey Through Two Cities C　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者发现肢体语言包括眼神在不同文化中存在差异，进而关注自身肢体语言并从中受益的故事。因此，C项最适合作文章标题。 B (2026·广东揭阳一中高二期中)America's State Department places the languages it teaches ambassadors (外交官) into four categories, with estimates of how long they take to learn them ranging from 24 to 88 weeks.What underlies the difficulty of such languages for an English speaker? The first thing many people will think of is the different writing system.Indeed none of the State Department's hardest languages is written with the Latin alphabet (字母表) used by most European languages.Chinese stands out for its difficulty.Arabic uses an alphabet, with just a couple of dozen letters.Its two complications are that letters change shape depending on where they appear in a word (beginning, middle, end or alone) and that short vowels (元音) are not written. A second way languages can be hard is with sound distinctions that do not exist in the learner's language.In Hindi, the t-and d-sounds can be retroflex (卷舌音的) or not, making two different letters that can distinguish two different words (moti with a retroflex means “fat, thick” and with a non-retroflex t means “pearl”). The words obviously matter too.Most European languages share an ancestor and so their words, too, often come in related pairs.If you know water in Spanish is agua, it is easy to figure out Italian aqua and English aquatic.Languages unrelated to European ones will lack linguistic (语言的) similarity in vocabulary. Grammar can further complicate foreign language learning.Therefore, the overall hardness of a language can be seen as the sum of the difficulty of its writing system, sounds, words and grammar.These come in different percentages: one professor of Chinese has called it the most difficult language he has ever learned to write and the easiest he has learned to speak. If you want to learn a language just for fun, start with Swedish.If you want to learn an impressive number, stay in Europe.But if you really want to impress, boosting your brain power to master Chinese is the sign of the true linguistic ironman. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语母语者学习不同外语的难度因素，并以具体语言为例说明这些难点。 5．What makes writing Arabic difficult for English speakers? A．The variations of its vowels. B．The flexibility of its letters. C．The width of its vocabulary. D．The similarities it bears to Latin. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Arabic is alphabet... short vowels are not written.”可知，让说英语的人很难写阿拉伯语的原因在于其字母的灵活多变。 6．What can we learn about retroflex sounds? A．They are very common in Arabic. B．They differentiate meaning in Hindi. C．They make Hindi vocabulary easy to learn. D．They are unfound in many European languages. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In Hindi, the t-and d-sounds...distinguish two different words.”可知，卷舌音在印地语中能够区分词义。 7．Why is the professor mentioned in paragraph 5? A．To recognize his achievements in studying grammar. B．To offer a standard to decide on language complexity. C．To show that language difficulty is multi-dimensional. D．To highlight the high-level difficulty of Chinese. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Therefore, the overall hardness...sounds, words and grammar.”可推知，提到教授的例子是为了说明前面提出的观点：语言的整体难度是各个方面难度的总和，即语言难度是多维度的。 8．What is the best title for the passage? A．Which Languages Take English Users the Longest to Learn? B．How can Americans Learn a Foreign Language More Effectively? C．Which Foreign Languages Are Popular with English Speakers? D．Why Is Learning a Second Language Important for Ambassadors? A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章探讨了不同语言对英语使用者的学习难度及原因。因此，A项最适合作文章标题。 C (2026·福州高二期中)Imagine walking into a room filled with strangers, you haven't spoken a word.You haven't heard one either.Yet something is already being said.You might feel the slight pressure of a look from across the room.You sense comfort in the way another person smiles—not just with their lips, but with their whole face.You know who is confident, who is nervous, who seems open, and who seems closed.All this happens before a single word is spoken. This isn't magic.It's the mind's secret language.It's the silent, invisible force beneath every human interaction, shaping our relationships, influencing our judgments, and connecting us in ways that words never could. Long before you learned to talk, you were already a master of silent communication.Babies just days old can detect eye contact.They respond to tone, rhythm and facial expressions.They cry to signal needs and smile to build bonds (联系).No vocabulary is needed. This is the foundation of what neuroscientists call social cognition—the brain's ability to understand and respond to others.Our brains are built for connection.We don't just observe others: we simulate (模仿) their actions inside ourselves.When you see someone smile, your brain activates the same regions that fire when you yourself smile.This is the basis of mirror neurons, a system discovered in the 1990s that helps explain how we “feel” what others feel. From babyhood, we start building a theory of mind.This means understanding that others have their own separate thoughts, feelings and intentions.We use this knowledge constantly, mostly without speaking.You don't need someone to say, “I'm depressed.” You recognize it in how they shut a door firmly or avoid meeting your eyes. This skill to sense others—to read their mental state from their face, posture, gestures, voice tone and even silences—is the essential foundation of human connection.It explains our talent for storytelling, teamwork, and caring.It's also why misunderstandings can happen so easily. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类无声交流的能力，包括通过表情、姿势等感知他人情绪，以及理解他人意图的“心智理论”。 9．What can we learn about babies according to paragraph 3? A．They learn words quickly. B．They bond through smiles. C．They ignore facial expressions. D．They rarely signal needs. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They cry to signal needs and smile to build bonds.”可知，婴儿通过微笑来建立联系。 10．Why does the author mention “mirror neurons”？ A．To describe brain diseases. B．To explain how to share others' feelings. C．To argue against social cognition. D．To prove speech's importance. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This is the basis of mirror neurons...how we ‘feel’ what others feel.”可推知，作者提到镜像神经元是为了解释如何分享他人的感受。 11．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．How brains process language. B．Why people avoid eye contact. C．The role of the theory of mind. D．The discovery of babies' abilities. C　解析：段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，本段介绍了我们在日常生活中如何使用我们婴儿时期所建立的心理理论，即本段介绍了心理理论的作用。 12．What ability is a key function of the theory of mind? A．Predicting weather changes. B．Creating complex vocabulary. C．Understanding others' intentions. D．Memorizing scientific terms. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“This means understanding that others have their own separate thoughts, feelings and intentions.”可知，理解别人的意图是心理理论的一个关键功能。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2026·河北迁安高二上学期期中)Controlling your body language for interviews is a key skill for any job applicant.A skilled and experienced interviewer looks out for the nonverbal signals you send.If you adopt negative body language, you will make a bad impression on whoever is interviewing you for the job.1.________________ Touching your face. If you're in the habit of touching your face, try to avoid doing it during your interview.Face touching covers a range of movements including scratching (挠) your nose or resting your chin on your hand.2.________________ Blocking. In body language terms, blocking describes putting up a physical barrier between yourself and the person you're speaking to.3.________________ It might make you appear defensive. Fidgeting (坐立不安). 4．________________ Thus, keeping still in your chair may be difficult.A small range of movements is okay under these circumstances, but constantly fidgeting and changing your position can create a negative impression.They are undesirable characters that interviewers can quickly pick up on. 5．________________ Fidgeting is not just limited to your body movements.Breaking eye contact to look at the walls, floor or ceiling of the room can also give an impression of disinterest and boredom or even make it look like you have something to hide. A．Constantly looking around the room. B．Looking at your cellphone too much. C．Some job interviews can go on for some time. D．These behaviors can indicate nervousness or dishonesty. E.Small, natural movements help keep the interaction smooth. F.Crossing your legs and arms makes you look unapproachable. G．These are some examples of body language you should watch out for. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了面试时应该注意避免的几种肢体语言。 1．G　解析：上文指出面试时肢体语言的重要性，且提到消极的肢体语言会给人留下不好的印象，下文则列举了一些面试时应该注意避免的肢体语言，G项承上启下，符合语境。 2．D　解析：上文指出面试时尽量不要摸脸，空处应说明避免摸脸的原因，D项承接上文，符合语境。 3．F　解析：上文解释了“阻隔”的含义，下文则说明其危害，F项是对“肢体阻隔”的具体举例，符合语境。 4．C　解析：下文指出面试时在椅子上保持不动可能很困难，结合Thus可知，空处与下文形成因果关系，C项符合语境。 5．A　解析：空处为本段小标题。下文指出面试时中断眼神交流会给人留下不好的印象，A项准确概括了本段核心的负面肢体语言，符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2026·武汉市第一中学高二期中)The biggest problem of recycling programs in New York might be that it isn't working.New York government pays tens of millions of dollars 1.________________(annual) for recycling programs, 2.________________ come to nothing. There is a 3.________________(good) way: what's known as “Extended Producer Responsibility(EPR)” programs that get companies producing packaging and paper 4._____________(take) responsibility.The overall goals include 5.______________(encourage) producers to make less packaging and having expensive recycling processes 6._____________(pay) by producers.This is not a new concept—it's well established in places like Europe and Canada and 7._____________ (approve) in Maine and Oregon so far. 8．________________(advocate) say that, historically, EPR programs wouldn't hurt consumers.As taxpayers, we pay for our trash disposal one way or another.If online shopping platforms think twice about cutting your next order in packaging, wouldn't that be an improvement? In New York, we are running out of space for our trash, with landfills planned for closure. It's 9.________________ complex issue, but one that has been discussed for years.It would be best 10.________________ lawmakers could resolve this and place EPR in the budget.It's time that we started coping with our trash problem. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了纽约回收项目存在的问题，提出“生产者延伸责任”方案及优势，呼吁立法者将其纳入预算解决垃圾问题。 1．annually　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词pays，应用副词形式。 2．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词recycling programs，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。 3．better　解析：考查形容词比较级。结合上文提到回收项目无效的背景，此处表示“一种更好的方法”，应用good的比较级better。 4．to take　解析：考查非谓语动词。“get...to do sth.”意为“让……做某事”，为固定搭配，空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 5．encouraging　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词include后应用动名词形式作宾语。 6．paid　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为 “have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，动词pay与宾语expensive recycling processes之间是被动关系，空处应用过去分词形式。 7．has been approved　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据时间状语so far可知，空处应用现在完成时；主语it(指代 EPR program)与approve之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语是第三人称单数，助动词应用has。 8．Advocates　解析：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作主句的主语；根据谓语动词say可知，主语应用名词复数形式。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。 9．a　解析：考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处泛指“一个复杂的问题”，且complex的发音以辅音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词a。 10．if　解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用连词 if。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $