Unit 4 Period 1 课后巩固 多维提能-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修一同步教参（人教版）

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过“基础巩固+综合提升”分层设计，构建从词汇词形、固定搭配到语篇理解、综合应用的知识巩固路径，适配新授课语言能力培养与思维品质提升需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础知识巩固练|词形转换、动词形式变换、固定用法与搭配、句型转换、教材主题探究（译林选必四U2改编）|聚焦单一知识点夯实，如词形转换题（10题）强化词性变化规则；主题探究题融合教材语篇，培养语言理解能力| |综合能力提升练|阅读理解（2篇）、完形填空（1篇）、语法填空（1篇）|通过不同体裁语篇（教师肢体语言、语境认知等）考查综合应用，如完形填空以叙事体现语用能力，语法填空整合语法规则与语篇语境，提升思维品质|

[基础知识巩固练] 维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．A variety(vary) of activities offered at the camp promote physical and mental well-being. 2．He gave an approving(approve) smile when he saw how well-prepared I was for the presentation. 3．An interview is a conversation between an employer and a potential employee, which allows the interviewer to assess if the job applicant is suitable for the position. (employ) 4．It is essential that he should get some reliable(rely) information before making inferences. 5．(2024·浙江卷1月) The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction(interact). 6．The teacher gave me a favourable(favour) comment on my composition because I used several new words correctly. 7．My mother was angry(anger) with me because I forgot to finish my English homework before watching TV. 8．The criticism from others made no difference(differ) to him, as he firmly believed in the correctness of his choice. 9．Our physics teacher will give a demonstration(demonstrate) of how light travels in a straight line, which will help us understand the lesson better. 10．The manager adjusted his schedule appropriately(appropriate) to accommodate the team's needs. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．She favours cooking(cook) meals at home rather than eating out at restaurants. 2．Different countries often differ in how they celebrate traditional festivals. 3．During the holiday season, many people are employed to assist(assist) with customer service in stores. 4．He has been a witness to/of many changes in the company since he joined it ten years ago. 5．My mother doesn't approve of my attending such a party, because it finishes at midnight. 6．Plants' growth can vary with the amount of sunlight they receive each day. 7．The little girl who just won the drawing competition kissed her teacher on the cheek to express her thanks. 8．The language difference is not a barrier to communicating with foreign classmates if we are willing to listen and learn. 9．Nothing is more important(important) than forming a good study habit when you are at school. 10．The number on the card should be identical with/to the one on the chequebook. 维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译 1．没有比每天听英文歌更好的方法来提升你的听力技能了。(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义) There is no better way to improve your listening skills than listening to English songs every day. 2．当听到他们大多数人不赞成他的意见时，他勃然大怒。 He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren't in favour of his opinion． 3．虽然每天阅读 15 分钟看起来微不足道，但从长远来看，这将会对你的词汇量产生影响。 Although reading for 15 minutes a day seems trivial, it will make a difference to your vocabulary in the long run． 4．Jack employed himself in doing experiments in the lab, so he did not notice his friend had left. →Employing himself in doing experiments in the lab, Jack did not notice his friend had left.(现在分词短语作状语) →Employed in doing experiments in the lab, Jack did not notice his friend had left.(过去分词短语作状语) 5．当我们遇到困难时，我们可以依靠老师给我们有用的建议。 (1)We can rely on our teacher to give/giving us useful suggestions when we meet difficulties. (2)We can rely on it that our teacher will give us useful suggestions when we meet difficulties. 维度四　融合教材·主题探究 【改编自译林选必四U2】 If you heard someone shout “Hey you！” from across the room, how would you react? Just these two words can carry a lot of information. They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if accompanied by a gentle smile. When spoken by a stranger, they can function as a means of attracting your attention. Much of what we communicate is dependent not only on the words we use, but also on how we use them. So, let's look a little deeper into the topic of communication. Communication is the process of exchanging information between a sender and a receiver. The sender encodes a message and sends it face to face, or through video, telephone, mail or social media. This message is then received and decoded by the receiver. In response, the receiver sends an encoded message back, which is referred to as feedback. This feedback is decoded by the original sender and the entire cycle repeats itself until they have finished communicating. This communication process can be challenging but, with practice and patience, you can become a highly competent communicator. To accomplish this, you need to know with whom you are communicating. What is their age or position? What is their relationship with you? What expectations and cultural backgrounds do they have? Once you have obtained this information, you can use it to determine how best to communicate with them. Depending on whether you are communicating with a stranger, friend, family member or co-worker, you will need to decide which communication channel best suits the situation. Furthermore, you will need to determine the appropriate style to use and how complex your choice of words should be. Your body language is equally important, since it reveals a lot about your thoughts and attitudes. Make sure it clearly supports the message you want to deliver. A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed, while looking away with your arms folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction. Additionally, you should not ignore the other person's body language, which will give you clues as to whether the conversation is going well or not. While being knowledgeable about body language is vital, the value of empathy should not be understated. Seek to understand the other person's emotions, by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective. Effective communication will enable you to settle differences and disagreements appropriately and improve your interactions with others. Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain respect, allowing relationships to become more positive and productive.So, get practising and good luck! 1．What's the main idea of the passage? A．What effective communication is. B．Why we should make effective communication. C．How to make effective communication. D．The benefits of effective communication. 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Communication only depends on the words we use. B．Communication involves both the information sender and receiver. C．The communication process is an easy process to handle. D．You need to choose a communication channel depending on what you want to get. 3．Which of the following is NOT an effective communication? A．Use the proper communication channel and style depending on who you are communicating with. B．Pay attention to the other person's body language while communicating. C．Emphasize the value of empathy while communicating. D．Always approve of the other person's ideas when communicating.　 4．Why should you pay attention to the other person's body language? A．It indicates much about their thoughts and attitudes. B．It gives you clues about whether the conversation is going well or not. C．It's the only way to understand the person's message. D．It can help you gain the other person's respect. 答案：1～4.CBDB [综合能力提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·汕头高二期中)Some teachers use a slight dip of the head.Some like to fold their arms and lean back, pushing their chest out.And for others, they may shrug impatiently, as if their body were a balloon and someone just popped it.In truth, though, there are hundreds—if not thousands—of ways a teacher may position their body to manage behaviour.An important question may be: did you have it right in the first place? Research shows that a teacher's posture can be important in successful classroom behaviour management and that, when trying to convey a message, how you put your point across can carry much more significance than the point itself. In a study, Teachers' Strategy of Positioning in Teaching Young Learners by Novi Rahayu Resuningrum, of YARSI University in Indonesia, it was said that if you use a strong posture and confident body language, you show your students that you're approachable, that you support their learning and that you aren't posing a threat for them to act out against.What's more, the study showed that this positioning is an element that needs to be considered carefully before teaching, or when you plan the lesson, to be able to teach effectively in terms of time and method. But what is a “confident” body position? And what else do you need to know about the signals that your body is giving out around behaviour management? For a start, trying to look tough will almost certainly fail, says Esther Miltiadous, a body language expert who works with the Society of Teachers of the Alexander Technique.The organisation is set up by teachers to train colleagues to act properly.“Trying to look authoritative by having a military posture, with your chest out and shoulders back, can be really tiring on the body, and it's also quite aggressive (咄咄逼人的)，” she explains. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章指出教师的肢体语言在课堂行为管理中的重要性。 1．Why does the author list some examples in the first paragraph? A．To bring up the topic of teachers' body language. B．To show which reader group the passage is targeted at. C．To discuss in which way teachers should manage the class. D．To suggest what body language teachers should have in class. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段列举教师不同身体姿态的例子，以及第二段内容可推知，列举例子是为了引出教师的肢体语言这一主题。 2．What did the study find out about teachers' body language? A．A teacher's body language is necessary for teaching. B．Reading a teacher's body language is difficult for students. C．A teacher's strong body language makes students lose interest. D．Using too much body language is unhelpful in managing a class. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What's more, the study showed that...teach effectively in terms of time and method.”可知，研究发现教师的肢体语言对教学是必要的。 3．What is Esther Miltiadous' attitude to looking tough? A．Disapproving. B．Uncaring. C．Thankful. D．Friendly. A　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句以及最后一句可推知，埃丝特·米尔蒂亚杜斯对“表现强硬”持反对态度。 4．What will most probably be discussed in the paragraph that follows? A．Other advice for teachers on improving students' performances. B．Other ways for teachers to manage their bodies in class. C．Other influences of teachers' behaviour on students. D．Other studies on body language. B　解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文围绕教师的肢体语言对课堂管理的重要性、相关研究，以及“表现强硬不可取”展开，且第四段提出了关于教师的肢体语言其他需要知道的问题。由此可推知，下文最有可能讨论教师在课堂上管理肢体的其他方法。 B (2026·台州高二期中)The human mind is astonishing.We can solve complex problems, perform calculations, create art, and process language effortlessly.We humans are the smartest of all, or so we think... However, recent studies reveal how easily context can mislead us.Consider the Müller-Lyer illusion (错觉): equal-length lines look different if one has outward-pointing arrows and the other has inward-pointing arrows.Similarly, three identical-sized runners positioned along a visual path seem to vary in size. Before you conclude that being fooled is reserved only for visual illusions, let me give the example of Belinda: an outspoken philosophy student, deeply concerned with sustainability, biodiversity, and global warming.Is Belinda more likely: (a)a top student, or (b)a top student and vegetarian? Many people choose the second, because the context of being vegetarian seems to fit the image of someone deeply concerned with sustainability.But statistically, the first is more likely.There are always more top students than vegetarian top students. Yet for all its potential to trick, context more often serves as our mental shortcut to efficient understanding.Rather than memorizing every possible meaning of words and sentence patterns, we constantly use surrounding information to fill gaps.As linguist J．R.Firth observed, “You shall know a word by the company it keeps.” For example, in the sentence “My daughter was ferliamated when she got a pet dog，” we can guess that “ferliamated” means “excited”， even if the word doesn't exist. This two-sided nature of context leads us to an important discovery about how our minds work.While we can discuss anything at any time in any context, it seems more likely that we talk about the things whose meaning lies in the same context.This offers exciting possibilities for understanding both the human mind and language itself—showing how communication depends not just on our thinking, but equally on how language is built to work with context. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语境具有误导性和帮助高效理解的两面性，及其对理解人类思维和语言的价值。 5．Which image matches the description of the “runners” illusion? A． B． C． D． B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Similarly, three identical-sized runners positioned along a visual path seem to vary in size.”可知，图片B展示了三人因位置不同产生了大小差异的错觉，符合跑步者错觉的描述。 6．Why do people often choose option (b) in the Belinda example? A．Personalities affect decision-making. B．Top students often make better choices. C．Extra details disturb their logical thinking. D．Personal experiences lead to their false judgment. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Many people choose the second...more top students than vegetarian top students.”可推知，额外的细节干扰了他们的逻辑思维。 7．How do Firth's quote and the “ferliamated” example support the author's point? A．They prove that words can have random meanings. B．They explain why memorizing words isn't a shortcut. C．They demonstrate what dictionaries can't really clarify. D．They show how context contributes to word understanding. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Rather than memorizing every possible meaning...even if the word doesn't exist.”可推知，它们展示了语境如何帮助理解单词。 8．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The value of the research into context. B．The complex nature of context. C．The topics discussed within the same context. D．The link between context and mind. A　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“This offers exciting possibilities...how language is built to work with context.”可知，最后一段介绍了语境研究的价值。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2026·南京高二上学期期中)Every day on my way to college, I meet the same woman.Her courage and toughness quietly 1 me.She works nights at a hospital, 2 attending to patients.After her long hours, she walks nearly 12 kilometers to reach home because she cannot 3 daily transportation.Watching her 4 was heartbreaking, I knew I had to do something, even if it was small. One day, I offered her a 5 ．Her eyes lit up with relief, and a soft, grateful smile spread across her face.Since then, giving her a ride has become part of my daily 6 ．For me, it takes just a few minutes; for her, it saves hours of walking and 7 her tired, aching legs. Every morning, she gives me her best wishes, her voice full of 8 ： “May you have everything you dream of.” Her words touch me deeply and stay with me throughout the day.Over time, our rides have 9 more than just a commute (通勤)—they have become a small, shared moment of human connection. I've realized that even small 10 can create a ripple (涟漪) of positivity.She gains comfort and 11 ， and I gain perspective, gratitude, and the joy of making a difference.Sometimes, life offers us chances not just to move forward ourselves but to 12 someone along the way—and in those moments, both lives become fuller. Kindness doesn't have to be grand—it can live in daily, 13 actions.And when we open our hearts, even in small ways, what we receive can often 14 what we give.When we help someone, even in a small way, the ripple of 15 spreads far beyond what we can see. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者主动载一位需步行近12公里回家的女士的故事。 1．A．defend B．accompany C．amuse D．inspire D　解析：根据下文“I knew I had to do something, even if it was small”可知，这位女士的勇气和坚韧激励(inspire)着作者。 2．A．regularly B．efficiently C．tirelessly D．independently C　解析：根据上文“She works nights at a hospital”和下文“After her long hours”可知，她在医院不知疲倦地(tirelessly)照顾病人。 3．A．choose B．provide C．afford D．improve C　解析：根据上文“she walks nearly 12 kilometers to reach home”可知，她负担(afford)不起交通费用，因此需要步行近12公里回家。 4．A．perform B．weep C．wander D．struggle D　解析：根据上文描述她工作辛苦且负担不起交通费用，只能走回家可知，她生活艰难，此处指看着她挣扎(struggle)的样子令人心碎。 5．A．lift B．present C．guarantee D．challenge A　解析：根据下文“giving her a ride”可知，此处指作者主动提出载她一程。offer sb.a lift意为“主动提出让某人搭便车”。 6．A．exercise B．requirement C．routine D．news C　解析：根据上文“Since then, giving her a ride has become part of my daily”和下文“For me, it takes just a few minutes”可知，载她一程成了作者日常生活(routine)的一部分。 7．A．trains B．spares C．treats D．supports B　解析：根据上文“it saves hours of walking”可知，节省了几个小时的步行时间，她疲惫酸痛的双腿得以休息。spare在此处意为“使免遭，免去”。 8．A．surprise B．charm C．warmth D．satisfaction C　解析：根据下文“May you have everything you dream of.”可知，她对作者的祝福充满了温暖(warmth)。 9．A．brought about B．turned into C．consisted of D．thrown in B　解析：根据下文“more than just a commute...of human connection”可知，作者和这位女士的通勤变成(turn into)一种联系的时刻。 10．A．acts B．tasks C．beliefs D．dreams A　解析：根据上文“I offered her a ”可知，作者载她一程是一个小小的举动(act)。 11．A．work B．payment C．rest D．credit C　解析：根据上文“it saves hours of walking”可知，她不用走路，得到了休息(rest)。 12．A．carry B．greet C．reward D．join A　解析：根据下文“someone along the way”可知，此处是指帮助别人前进。carry在此处意为“帮助(某人完成某事、前行等)”。 13．A．frequent B．typical C．extraordinary D．thoughtful D　解析：根据上文“giving her a ride has become part of my daily”可知，作者主动载她回家，这是体贴的(thoughtful)行动。 14．A．balance B．outweigh C．ensure D．repay B　解析：根据上文“She gains comfort...and the joy of making a difference.”可知，此处指我们敞开心扉后所得到的往往超过(outweigh)我们所给予的。 15．A．relief B．expectation C．excitement D．kindness D　解析：根据上文作者主动载一位女士回家的经历和感悟并结合语境可知，当我们帮助他人的时候，善良(kindness)的涟漪会远远超过我们所能看到的范围。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2026·盐城高二上学期期中)We are currently living in an exciting time full of amazing 1.________________ (discovery) in science and technology.Some 2.________________ (especial) important technologies that we use today are the Internet and artificial intelligence, without 3.________________ the smartphone would not be possible.A typical smartphone 4.________________(place) in the time capsule already for people in the future to see. The smartphone is 5.________________ tool for communication and entertainment, and these days people could hardly live without it.It is extremely important to most people 6.________________ it makes our lives more interesting and convenient.People use the smartphone 7.________________ many things besides messaging and calling, such as surfing the Internet, 8.________________ (shop) online and using virtual directions.There are also a lot of photos on it about people's daily life, such as the food people eat, the clothes people wear and the sport people play.People in the future will have a 9.________________ (balanced) life with technology than that nowadays.People today rely too much on it.While people do not want to lose the advantages smartphones and other technologies bring, it would be nice for people 10.________________ (spend) a bit less time using them. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了当前科技发展的现状以及智能手机在其中的重要地位。 1．discoveries　解析：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词作宾语，结合“in science and technology”可知，空处应用名词复数形式。 2．especially　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰形容词important，应用副词作状语。 3．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Internet and artificial intelligence，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作介词without的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。 4．has been placed　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语；place与主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据already可知，动词时态应用现在完成时；主语为单数名词，助动词应用has。 5．a　解析：考查冠词。tool为可数名词单数形式，此处表示泛指，且tool的发音以辅音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词a。 6．because　解析：考查原因状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导原因状语从句，此处解释为什么智能手机对大多数人来说极其重要，应用连接词because引导。 7．for　解析：考查介词。use sth.for sth.为固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”。 8．shopping　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，且“_______online”与“surfing the Internet”和“using virtual directions”并列，应用动名词形式。 9．more balanced　解析：考查形容词比较级。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词作定语修饰名词life，结合than可知，应用形容词比较级。 10．to spend　解析：考查非谓语动词。It would be＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.为固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的。”，it为形式主语，空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $