Unit 4 Reading and Thinking（阅读课讲义）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

本讲义聚焦肢体语言的跨文化差异与交际功能，通过“导入（名人名言、看图讨论、互动游戏）—预测（标题与主旨）—阅读（速读匹配段落主旨、精读填表梳理文化差异案例）—分析（课文问题与推理技巧）—拓展（视频《Smile Trial》讨论肢体语言真实性）—语言构建（主题词块与高级句式积累）”的学习支架，形成完整知识链。 该资料以多模态活动提升语言能力，如“Act out without speaking”游戏让学生直观感受肢体语言功能，对比OK手势在日本（钱）、法国（零）、巴西（粗鲁）的差异培养文化意识，推理技巧点拨与“肢体语言能否反映真实情感”思辨问题发展思维品质。课中视频与表格辅助理解，课后词块背诵、写作任务助力巩固，有效查漏补缺。

Unit 4 Reading and Thinking （阅读课讲义） 目录 1. Lead in 2. Pre-reading 3. While Reading-Text1 4. Post Reading-Text1 Analysis 5. While Reading-Text2 6. Post Reading-Text2 Analysis 7. Post Reading-Language Building 8. Homework 1. Lead in 一、名人名言导入 What I hide by my language, my body utters. —Roland Barthes 释义：语言所掩饰的心声，身体都会悄然吐露。肢体语言远比口头语言更真实、更直接地传递情绪与态度。 二、看图讨论（Look and discuss） 1. What might the people be doing in the photos? Reference answer: They are communicating with others with different body language, such as smiling, gesturing and eye contact. 2. What do you think they might be feeling? Reference answer: They may feel happy, polite, nervous, respectful or surprised in different communication situations. 3. When and how do you use body language to convey meanings? Reference answer: We use body language in daily communication. We smile to show friendliness, nod to agree, shake heads to disagree and make eye contact to show attention. 三、课堂互动小游戏（P38） Activity: Act out without speaking and guess the meanings Sentence bank：Hello！ Goodbye！ Come here！ Go away！ Too expensive! I'm surprised！ I'm tired. I'm confused. OK！ Good luck! I'm happy！ I'm upset！ I'm sad！ I forgot！ You're great! 操作要求：学生任选5个句子，仅用肢体动作演绎，同伴猜出对应含义，直观感受肢体语言的交际功能。 2. Pre-reading 一、标题预测 Title: LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK Prediction：The passage will talk about the importance, cultural differences and various functions of body language in communication. 二、文体与主旨预判 1. Genre: Expository essay 说明文 2. Main idea: Body language is an important communication tool. It varies from culture to culture and has diverse practical functions in daily life. 三、核心问题预判 1. What is the relationship between body language and culture? 2. What are the different meanings of the same body language in different countries? 3. What positive functions does body language have, especially smiling? 3. While Reading-Text1 一、速读梳理：段落主旨匹配 Para.1：The importance of body language in interpersonal communication. Para.2：Body language varies in different cultures and eye contact has different cultural meanings. Para.3：The OK gesture has different meanings in different countries. Para.4：Yes / No gestures and greeting manners differ across the world. Para.5：Some universal body language with fixed meanings. Para.6：The diverse and powerful functions of smiling. 二、精读填表（P39 标准答案） Body language/Gesture Meaning Country/Region Eye contact between men and women Not polite / not permitted socially Middle East Looking down when talking to someone older Show respect Japan OK sign Money Japan OK sign Zero France OK sign Impolite / rude Brazil, Germany Nod / Shake head (Yes/No) Opposite meaning of most countries Bulgaria, southern Albania Kissing on the cheek when meeting Greet friends politely France, Russia Placing hands together on the side of head with eyes closed Sleep Universal Moving hands in circles over stomach after meals I am full Universal 三、细节知识点梳理 1. 核心主旨：Body language varies from culture to culture, so we should use appropriate body language in cross-cultural communication. 2. 通用肢体语言：Sleep、full 的肢体动作在全世界表意一致；微笑是用途最广泛的肢体语言。 3. 交际原则：The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 4. Post Reading-Text1 Analysis 一、课文问题讨论（P39） 1 How is the body language mentioned in the text interpreted in China? Reference answer: In China, frequent eye contact shows sincerity and attention. Nodding means yes and shaking heads means no. We seldom kiss on the cheek to greet others. We usually shake hands or nod to show politeness. 2 Can you think of an example of body language that is appropriate in China but might be misunderstood in another culture? Reference answer: In China, we often pat children’s heads to show kindness and love. However, in some Western countries, this gesture is considered impolite and disrespectful. 3 What advice on body language can you give a foreign friend on his/her first trip to China? Reference answer: First, shake hands gently when greeting others. Second, avoid too much physical contact with strangers. Third, nodding and smiling are safe ways to show politeness. Fourth, do not pat others’ heads casually. 二、推理技巧点拨（Make inferences） 说明文推理解题逻辑：文章不会直接给出所有答案，可通过上下文线索、文化常识、句间逻辑推断隐含信息，是阅读理解高频考点。 5. While Reading-Text2 一、拓展视频研读（Smile Trial） Watch the video Smile Trial, and then discuss the questions in groups. 1 Smiles can be used to hide feelings like anger, fear, or worry. Can you describe a situation where you might smile when you don't mean it? Reference answer: When I meet someone I dislike or when I fail an exam but meet others, I may smile politely to hide my embarrassment and unhappiness. 2 Apart from fake smiles, is there any other kind of body language that can sometimes be fake? Reference answer: For example, some people nod to show agreement without really listening; some people pretend to relax with gestures while feeling nervous inside. 3 Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someone's feelings, their body language or the words they speak? Reference answer: Generally, body language is more reliable. People may lie with words, but their unconscious body gestures can truly show their inner feelings. 二、文本深层细节研读 1. The functions of smiling: break down barriers, greet, apologise, ask for help, start a conversation, cheer oneself up. 2. Feature of body language: Some is culture-specific, while some is universal; some is real, while some is fake. 6. Post Reading-Text2 Analysis 一、全文主旨总结 Body language is an essential part of interpersonal communication. It differs greatly in different cultures, while some gestures are universal. As a powerful communication tool, it can convey true feelings, break communication barriers and promote interpersonal relationships. 二、核心素养升华 Cross-cultural communication requires us to understand cultural differences of body language, respect different customs, and use appropriate gestures to avoid misunderstanding. 三、拓展思辨 Spoken language can be controlled artificially, but body language often reveals subconscious emotions. Mastering body language helps us understand others better and communicate more effectively. 7. Post Reading-Language Building 主题词块 1：肢体语言基础表达 词块 中文 例句 body language 肢体语言 Body language plays a vital role in cross-cultural communication. interpersonal interactions 人际交流 We use words and gestures in daily interpersonal interactions. convey meanings 传递含义 Gestures can convey meanings without words. make eye contact 眼神交流 Making eye contact shows your attention and sincerity. 主题词块 2：文化差异表达 词块 中文 例句 vary from culture to culture 因文化而异 Customs and body language vary from culture to culture. be appropriate to 适合、适配 We should behave in a way appropriate to local culture. by contrast 相比之下 Some cultures value directness; by contrast, others prefer modesty. be approved of 被认可、被赞同 Such behavior is not approved of in conservative cultures. 主题词块 3：功能与情感表达 词块 中文 例句 break down barriers 打破隔阂 A warm smile can break down barriers between strangers. feel down 情绪低落 When you feel down, a smile can cheer you up. figure out 推断、弄明白 We can figure out people’s feelings from their gestures. display interest 表现出兴趣 Eye contact is a good way to display interest in communication. 高级句式积累与仿写 句式结构 课文原句 迁移仿写例句 The crucial thing is doing... The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. The crucial thing is respecting cultural differences in cross-cultural communication. ..., while... In many countries, shaking one's head means “no”, while nodding means “yes”. Some people prefer talking directly, while others choose to express themselves gently. There is nothing better than... If we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. When we meet difficulties, there is nothing better than keeping a positive attitude. make it + adj. + to do Body language makes it easier for people to understand each other. Good communication makes it possible for us to build close relationships. 8. Homework 一、基础巩固 1. 背诵本单元所有主题词块与高级句式，熟练默写核心短语。 2. 复述课文，梳理不同国家肢体语言的文化差异，构建完整知识框架。 二、能力提升 3. 整理5组中外差异肢体语言，标注含义与适用场景。 4. 完成短文写作：Write a short passage (100 words) about the importance of appropriate body language in cross-cultural communication. 三、思辨拓展 5. 思考并记录：Why can body language often reflect people’s true inner emotions? 14 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Reading and Thinking （阅读课讲义） 目录 1. Lead in 2. Pre-reading 3. While Reading-Text1 4. Post Reading-Text1 Analysis 5. While Reading-Text2 6. Post Reading-Text2 Analysis 7. Post Reading-Language Building 8. Homework 1. Lead in 一、名人名言导入 What I hide by my language, my body utters. —Roland Barthes 释义：语言所掩饰的心声，身体都会悄然吐露。肢体语言远比口头语言更真实、更直接地传递情绪与态度。 二、看图讨论（Look and discuss） 1. What might the people be doing in the photos? 2. What do you think they might be feeling? 3. When and how do you use body language to convey meanings? 三、课堂互动小游戏（P38） Activity: Act out without speaking and guess the meanings Sentence bank：Hello！ Goodbye！ Come here！ Go away！ Too expensive! I'm surprised！ I'm tired. I'm confused. OK！ Good luck! I'm happy！ I'm upset！ I'm sad！ I forgot！ You're great! 操作要求：学生任选5个句子，仅用肢体动作演绎，同伴猜出对应含义，直观感受肢体语言的交际功能。 2. Pre-reading 一、标题预测 Title: LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK Prediction：The passage will talk about the importance, cultural differences and various functions of body language in communication. 二、文体与主旨预判 1. Genre: Expository essay 说明文 2. Main idea: Body language is an important communication tool. It varies from culture to culture and has diverse practical functions in daily life. 三、核心问题预判 1. What is the relationship between body language and culture? 2. What are the different meanings of the same body language in different countries? 3. What positive functions does body language have, especially smiling? 3. While Reading-Text1 一、速读梳理：段落主旨匹配 Para.1：The importance of body language in interpersonal communication. Para.2：Body language varies in different cultures and eye contact has different cultural meanings. Para.3：The OK gesture has different meanings in different countries. Para.4：Yes / No gestures and greeting manners differ across the world. Para.5：Some universal body language with fixed meanings. Para.6：The diverse and powerful functions of smiling. 二、精读填表（P39 标准答案） Body language/Gesture Meaning Country/Region Eye contact between men and women Not polite / not permitted socially Middle East Looking down when talking to someone older Show respect Japan OK sign Money Japan OK sign Zero France OK sign Impolite / rude Brazil, Germany Nod / Shake head (Yes/No) Opposite meaning of most countries Bulgaria, southern Albania Kissing on the cheek when meeting Greet friends politely France, Russia Placing hands together on the side of head with eyes closed Sleep Universal Moving hands in circles over stomach after meals I am full Universal 三、细节知识点梳理 1. 核心主旨：Body language varies from culture to culture, so we should use appropriate body language in cross-cultural communication. 2. 通用肢体语言：Sleep、full 的肢体动作在全世界表意一致；微笑是用途最广泛的肢体语言。 3. 交际原则：The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 4. Post Reading-Text1 Analysis 一、课文问题讨论（P39） 1 How is the body language mentioned in the text interpreted in China? 2 Can you think of an example of body language that is appropriate in China but might be misunderstood in another culture? 3 What advice on body language can you give a foreign friend on his/her first trip to China? 二、推理技巧点拨（Make inferences） 说明文推理解题逻辑：文章不会直接给出所有答案，可通过上下文线索、文化常识、句间逻辑推断隐含信息，是阅读理解高频考点。 5. While Reading-Text2 一、拓展视频研读（Smile Trial） Watch the video Smile Trial, and then discuss the questions in groups. 1 Smiles can be used to hide feelings like anger, fear, or worry. Can you describe a situation where you might smile when you don't mean it? 2 Apart from fake smiles, is there any other kind of body language that can sometimes be fake? 3 Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someone's feelings, their body language or the words they speak? 二、文本深层细节研读 1. The functions of smiling: break down barriers, greet, apologise, ask for help, start a conversation, cheer oneself up. 2. Feature of body language: Some is culture-specific, while some is universal; some is real, while some is fake. 6. Post Reading-Text2 Analysis 一、全文主旨总结 Body language is an essential part of interpersonal communication. It differs greatly in different cultures, while some gestures are universal. As a powerful communication tool, it can convey true feelings, break communication barriers and promote interpersonal relationships. 二、核心素养升华 Cross-cultural communication requires us to understand cultural differences of body language, respect different customs, and use appropriate gestures to avoid misunderstanding. 三、拓展思辨 Spoken language can be controlled artificially, but body language often reveals subconscious emotions. Mastering body language helps us understand others better and communicate more effectively. 7. Post Reading-Language Building 主题词块 1：肢体语言基础表达 词块 中文 例句 body language 肢体语言 Body language plays a vital role in cross-cultural communication. interpersonal interactions 人际交流 We use words and gestures in daily interpersonal interactions. convey meanings 传递含义 Gestures can convey meanings without words. make eye contact 眼神交流 Making eye contact shows your attention and sincerity. 主题词块 2：文化差异表达 词块 中文 例句 vary from culture to culture 因文化而异 Customs and body language vary from culture to culture. be appropriate to 适合、适配 We should behave in a way appropriate to local culture. by contrast 相比之下 Some cultures value directness; by contrast, others prefer modesty. be approved of 被认可、被赞同 Such behavior is not approved of in conservative cultures. 主题词块 3：功能与情感表达 词块 中文 例句 break down barriers 打破隔阂 A warm smile can break down barriers between strangers. feel down 情绪低落 When you feel down, a smile can cheer you up. figure out 推断、弄明白 We can figure out people’s feelings from their gestures. display interest 表现出兴趣 Eye contact is a good way to display interest in communication. 高级句式积累与仿写 句式结构 课文原句 迁移仿写例句 The crucial thing is doing... The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. The crucial thing is respecting cultural differences in cross-cultural communication. ..., while... In many countries, shaking one's head means “no”, while nodding means “yes”. Some people prefer talking directly, while others choose to express themselves gently. There is nothing better than... If we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. When we meet difficulties, there is nothing better than keeping a positive attitude. make it + adj. + to do Body language makes it easier for people to understand each other. Good communication makes it possible for us to build close relationships. 8. Homework 一、基础巩固 1. 背诵本单元所有主题词块与高级句式，熟练默写核心短语。 2. 复述课文，梳理不同国家肢体语言的文化差异，构建完整知识框架。 二、能力提升 3. 整理5组中外差异肢体语言，标注含义与适用场景。 4. 完成短文写作：Write a short passage (100 words) about the importance of appropriate body language in cross-cultural communication. 三、思辨拓展 5. 思考并记录：Why can body language often reflect people’s true inner emotions? 14 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $