Unit 2 课时3 Grammar：由who、which、that引导的定语从句（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版五四学制九年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit2课时3定语从句同步练，以“基础-能力-拓展-思维”四层递进设计，通过选择、语篇填空等题型实现从单一语法点到综合语用的巩固，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|单一关系代词（who/which/that）辨析|单句选择，聚焦先行词与人/物匹配| |能力提升|特殊先行词（不定代词/序数词修饰）用法|含“the first...that”等核心考点，强化规则应用| |拓展培优|复杂句式（非限制性定语从句/介词+which）|涉及“most of which”等结构，提升语法复杂度| |思维进阶|语篇综合运用|故事类语法选择+语法填空，实现语境化语法迁移|

Unit2 People and their jobs 课时3 Grammar：由who、which、that引导的定语从句 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 知识模块 具体内容 含义 定语从句：用一句话修饰名词 / 代词，被修饰的词叫先行词。 who /which/that 叫关系代词，既连接句子，又在从句里充当主语 / 宾语。 关系代词 who ：只指人；在从句中作主语、宾语 which：只指物；在从句中作主语、宾语 that ：既可指人，也可指物；在从句中作主语、宾语 who （先行词是人） 例句： The girl who is standing there is my cousin. 站在那儿的女孩是我的表妹。（who 作从句主语） The man who you met yesterday is my teacher. 你昨天遇见的那位男士是我的老师。（who 作从句宾语，可省略） which（先行词是物） 例句： The book which I bought is very interesting. 我买的那本书很有趣。（which 作宾语，可省略） The bike which is red is mine. 那辆红色的自行车是我的。（which 作主语，不能省略） that（人 / 物都可以） ✅ 指人 = who；✅ 指物 = which The boy that helped me is Tom.（指人，作主语） 帮助我的男孩是汤姆。 The pen that you lost is on the desk.（指物，作宾语，可省略） 你弄丢的那支钢笔在桌子上。 核心考点 （一）关系代词作宾语时，可以省略；作主语时，绝对不能省略。 主语不能删，宾语可删掉。 （二）只用 that，不用 which 的情况 口诀：代物不定序唯数，最高级来修饰物 1.先行词为不定代词 all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等 ✅ Everything that he said is true. 他说的所有话都是真的。 2.先行词被序数词修饰（first, second…） ✅ This is the first step that we should take. 这是我们该采取的第一步。 3.先行词被最高级修饰 ✅ This is the most interesting story that I have read. 这是我读过最有趣的故事。 4.先行词被 the only, the very, the last 修饰 ✅ This is the only magazine that I want. 这是我唯一想要的杂志。 5.先行词同时包含「人 + 物」 ✅ We talked about the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们谈论了我们拜访过的老师和学校。 6.主句以 who /which 开头的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，用 that ✅ Which is the book that you bought? 哪一本是你买的书？ （三）只用 which，不用 that 的情况 1.介词后面，关系代词只能用 which（介词 + which） ✅ This is the house in which I lived last year. 这就是我去年住过的房子。 介词 in 提前，后面只能用 which，不能用 that。 对比：This is the house (that/which) I lived in last year.（介词在句尾，that/which 均可，还能省略） 2.非限制性定语从句（逗号隔开），只能用 which 从句和主句之间有逗号，对前面名词补充说明，不能用 that。 ✅ The book, which I finished last week, is very popular. 这本书我上周看完，它很受欢迎。 ❌ The book, that I finished last week, is very popular.（错误） 1．She asked me if I had listened to the song ________ was written by her favourite singer. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 2．All the novels ________ are written by him are very popular among teenagers. A．what B．that C．when D．why 3．The stories ________ the old performer told in the show touched everyone’s heart. A．who B．what C．whose D．that 4．He is good at observing small details, ________ makes him an excellent detective. A．that B．what C．which D．who 5．He is the first student in our class ________ learns brush calligraphy well. A．which B．who C．that D．what 6．I love the traditional Chinese paintings ________ were created by Qi Baishi. A．who B．whose C．which D．what 7．The girl is the only one in our group ________ has won the national prize. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 8．—I finally found the book ________you recommended. — Great! I truly believe ________ it will help you with your report. A．/; that B．what;/ C．that; if D．who; that 9．The buses, ________were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A．most of that B．which most C．most of which D．that most 10．I’ll tell you ________ he told me last week. A．all which B．all what C．that all D．all 11．He is the first student in our school ________ wins the literary writing prize. A．which B．who C．that D．what 12．The brush ________ I use for painting is made of special animal hair. A．who B．whom C．which D．where 13．People ________ love literature can learn a lot about history from old novels. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 14．I respect the people ________ devote themselves to helping others. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 15．The house ________ stands on the top of the hill was built 100 years ago. A．who B．which C．what D．whom 1．The man ________ we look up to is a great medical scientist. A．which B．what C．who D．whose 2．Mr Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ________ in China. A．works B．is working C．are working D．has been working 3．The shop ________ sells flowers is at the end of the street. A．who B．where C．which D．when 4．Who is the girl ________ is talking with Mr Smith? A．which B．who C．whom D．that 5．The girl ________ wrote this short story is our class monitor. A．Which B．who C．where D．whose 6．—Do you know the man ________ is giving a speech over there? —Yes, he’s a famous inventor from America. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 7．The man ________ wrote the book “Treasure Island” is Robert Louis Stevenson. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 8．They asked him to tell them everything ________ he saw at the front. A．what B．that C．which D．where 9．The book ________ I borrowed from the library is very interesting. A．who B．which C．whose D．what 10．He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A．these B．those C．that D．which 11．We should try our best to live a life ________ can make a difference to others. A．which B．who C．what D．where 12．He won the Nobel Prize twice, __________ made him famous all over the world. A．which B．that C．who D．what 13．The teacher asked us ________ we knew the student ________ father is a famous scientist. A．that; who B．whether; which C．why; whom D．if; whose 14．Mr. Lee is the only doctor ________ we can turn to at present. A．who B．what C．which D．that 15．New York is the state ________ Donald John Trump was born in. A．when B．where C．who D．which 语法选择 When I was a little girl, my mum often told me stories. I still remember one story about a girl 1 never gave up her dream. The girl wanted to be a dancer. But when she was 10, she had a car accident and lost one of her legs. Everyone thought she would never dance again. 2 she heard the bad news, she cried for days. But she didn’t give up. 3 she was in hospital, she kept practising dancing in her mind. After she left hospital, she started training with a special coach. 4 she could walk well, she tried to dance again. It was much harder than before, but she never stopped. She kept training 5 she could take part in a dance competition. 6 she stood on the stage, everyone was shocked by her wonderful performance. She won first prize. 7 then, she has been a symbol of courage for many people. I learnt a lot from the story. 8 I face difficulties, I always think of this girl. I believe that 9 we keep trying, we can achieve our dreams 10 the end. 1．A．who B．which C．what D．whose 2．A．Before B．When C．While D．Since 3．A．While B．Before C．After D．Till 4．A．Till B．Before C．As soon as D．Since 5．A．since B．till C．after D．as soon as 6．A．While B．Since C．When D．Before 7．A．Since B．Till C．When D．Before 8．A．Whatever B．Whenever C．However D．Wherever 9．A．because B．if C．although D．so 10．A．at B．in C．on D．by 语法填空 根据下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a recent survey, violence (暴力) did happen in schools. Students showed 1 (they) fear and parents and teachers also expressed their worries about it. Experts hope that 2 whole society pay more attention to the mental health of teenagers. Nowadays, school violence is a hot problem. I think this is also a big problem that needs our great attention. We should make every effort to prevent violence from 3 (happen) at school, because more and more students would drop out of school if their personal 4 (safe) couldn’t be guaranteed (被保证). In fact, violence can 5 (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from 6 they see on television or on the Internet. If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead to 7 (much) fighting. If I meet with school violence, I 8 (tell) my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from bad 9 (child). All in all, every student should behave well and keep away 10 violence. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit2 People and their jobs 课时3 Grammar：由who、which、that引导的定语从句 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 知识模块 具体内容 含义 定语从句：用一句话修饰名词 / 代词，被修饰的词叫先行词。 who /which/that 叫关系代词，既连接句子，又在从句里充当主语 / 宾语。 关系代词 who ：只指人；在从句中作主语、宾语 which：只指物；在从句中作主语、宾语 that ：既可指人，也可指物；在从句中作主语、宾语 who （先行词是人） 例句： The girl who is standing there is my cousin. 站在那儿的女孩是我的表妹。（who 作从句主语） The man who you met yesterday is my teacher. 你昨天遇见的那位男士是我的老师。（who 作从句宾语，可省略） which（先行词是物） 例句： The book which I bought is very interesting. 我买的那本书很有趣。（which 作宾语，可省略） The bike which is red is mine. 那辆红色的自行车是我的。（which 作主语，不能省略） that（人 / 物都可以） ✅ 指人 = who；✅ 指物 = which The boy that helped me is Tom.（指人，作主语） 帮助我的男孩是汤姆。 The pen that you lost is on the desk.（指物，作宾语，可省略） 你弄丢的那支钢笔在桌子上。 核心考点 （一）关系代词作宾语时，可以省略；作主语时，绝对不能省略。 主语不能删，宾语可删掉。 （二）只用 that，不用 which 的情况 口诀：代物不定序唯数，最高级来修饰物 1.先行词为不定代词 all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等 ✅ Everything that he said is true. 他说的所有话都是真的。 2.先行词被序数词修饰（first, second…） ✅ This is the first step that we should take. 这是我们该采取的第一步。 3.先行词被最高级修饰 ✅ This is the most interesting story that I have read. 这是我读过最有趣的故事。 4.先行词被 the only, the very, the last 修饰 ✅ This is the only magazine that I want. 这是我唯一想要的杂志。 5.先行词同时包含「人 + 物」 ✅ We talked about the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们谈论了我们拜访过的老师和学校。 6.主句以 who /which 开头的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，用 that ✅ Which is the book that you bought? 哪一本是你买的书？ （三）只用 which，不用 that 的情况 1.介词后面，关系代词只能用 which（介词 + which） ✅ This is the house in which I lived last year. 这就是我去年住过的房子。 介词 in 提前，后面只能用 which，不能用 that。 对比：This is the house (that/which) I lived in last year.（介词在句尾，that/which 均可，还能省略） 2.非限制性定语从句（逗号隔开），只能用 which 从句和主句之间有逗号，对前面名词补充说明，不能用 that。 ✅ The book, which I finished last week, is very popular. 这本书我上周看完，它很受欢迎。 ❌ The book, that I finished last week, is very popular.（错误） 1．She asked me if I had listened to the song ________ was written by her favourite singer. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她问我是否听过那首由她最喜欢的歌手写的歌。 which哪一个；who谁；whose谁的；whom谁。先行词为the song，指代事物，关系代词在从句中作主语，应填which。 2．All the novels ________ are written by him are very popular among teenagers. A．what B．that C．when D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：所有由他写的小说在青少年中都很受欢迎。 that关系代词，先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；when先行词为时间，在从句中作时间状语；why先行词为原因，在从句中作原因状语。本句先行词是novels（物），从句缺少主语，应填that。 3．The stories ________ the old performer told in the show touched everyone’s heart. A．who B．what C．whose D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那位老表演者在节目中讲述的故事打动了所有人的心。 who谁，指人；what什么，不能引导定语从句；whose谁的，表所属关系；that无实义，指代人/物。先行词是stories（故事），关系代词在从句中作told的宾语，用that。 4．He is good at observing small details, ________ makes him an excellent detective. A．that B．what C．which D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他擅长观察小细节，这使他成为一名优秀的侦探。 that那；what什么；which哪一个/这；who谁。根据逗号后的非限制性定语从句可知，此处指代前面整个句子“He is good at observing small details”，应用which引导。 5．He is the first student in our class ________ learns brush calligraphy well. A．which B．who C．that D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他是我们班第一个学好毛笔字的学生。 which关系代词（指物）；who关系代词（指人）；that关系代词（指人或物）；what不能引导定语从句。根据先行词“the first student”可知，当先行词指人且被序数词修饰时，引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that，不能用who。 6．I love the traditional Chinese paintings ________ were created by Qi Baishi. A．who B．whose C．which D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我喜爱那些由齐白石创作的传统中国画。 who谁；whose谁的；which哪个；what什么。先行词是“the traditional Chinese paintings”，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导定语从句。 7．The girl is the only one in our group ________ has won the national prize. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个女孩是我们组里唯一一个获得全国奖项的人。 who 谁（指人，作主语）；which哪个（指物）；whom谁（指人，作宾语）；whose谁的（指所属关系）。先行词“the only one”指代人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选A。 8．—I finally found the book ________you recommended. — Great! I truly believe ________ it will help you with your report. A．/; that B．what;/ C．that; if D．who; that 【答案】A 【详解】——句意：我终于找到了你推荐的那本书。——太好了！我真的相信它会对你的报告有帮助。 第一个空，根据“you recommended”可知，先行词为“the book”，在定语从句中作“recommended”的宾语，可用关系代词that或which，也可省略；第二个空，believe后接宾语从句，从句成分完整，需用连接词that引导且可省略。 9．The buses, ________were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A．most of that B．which most C．most of which D．that most 【答案】C 【详解】句意：公交车，大部分已经坐满，被愤怒的人群包围着。 先行词为buses，逗号隔开表明是非限制性定语从句，关系代词不能用that，排除A、D；表示“其中大部分”应用most of which结构引导从句。 10．I’ll tell you ________ he told me last week. A．all which B．all what C．that all D．all 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我会告诉你他上周告诉我的一切。 what不能引导定语从句；定语从句“he told me last week”中缺少宾语，先行词为不定代词all时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which；且关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。因此填all (that)，可省略that。that all语序错误。 11．He is the first student in our school ________ wins the literary writing prize. A．which B．who C．that D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他是我们学校第一个获得文学创作奖的学生。 which哪一个；who谁；that那个；what什么。先行词student被序数词the first修饰，定语从句关系代词只能用that。 12．The brush ________ I use for painting is made of special animal hair. A．who B．whom C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我用来画画的这支画笔是由特殊的动物毛发制成的。 who谁；whom谁；which哪一个；where哪里。先行词the brush是物品，关系词which指代物，在从句中作宾语；who/whom指代人；where作地点状语，应填which。 13．People ________ love literature can learn a lot about history from old novels. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：热爱文学的人们可以从古老的小说中学到很多关于历史的知识。 who用于先行词为人，在从句中可作主语；which指代物；whom只能作宾语；whose表所属。句中先行词people指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，应填who。 14．I respect the people ________ devote themselves to helping others. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我尊重那些致力于帮助他人的人。 which‌指代事物，不能用于指代表示人的先行词the people； who‌指代人，可在定语从句中作主语； whose‌表示所属关系，在从句中作定语，不能作从句的主语；what‌不能引导定语从句，无先行词时才可使用。 根据先行词the people指代人，且定语从句中缺少指代人、作主语的关系代词可知，只有who符合语法规则。 15．The house ________ stands on the top of the hill was built 100 years ago. A．who B．which C．what D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：坐落在山顶的这所房子是100年前建造的。 who谁，在定语从句中指人，可在从句中充当主语或宾语；which哪一个，在定语从句中指物，可在从句中充当主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；whom谁，在定语从句中指人，只能在从句中作宾语。本句为定语从句，先行词The house指物，空格处在从句中作主语，故填which。 1．The man ________ we look up to is a great medical scientist. A．which B．what C．who D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们尊敬的那位男士是一位伟大的医学科学家。 which指物；what不能引导定语从句；who指人；whose表所属。先行词“The man”指人，且关系词在从句“we look up to”中作“to”的宾语，应用指人的关系代词who。 2．Mr Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ________ in China. A．works B．is working C．are working D．has been working 【答案】C 【详解】句意：埃尔潘先生是正在中国工作的外国专家之一。 该句为定语从句，先行词为the foreign experts，先行词是复数名词，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词保持数的一致，排除单数形式的A、B、D 三项，因此从句谓语使用复数形式are working。 3．The shop ________ sells flowers is at the end of the street. A．who B．where C．which D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：卖花的那家商店在街的尽头。 who谁，引导定语从句，修饰人，作主语或宾语；where哪里，引导定语从句，修饰地点，作状语；which哪一个，引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语或宾语；when什么时候，引导定语从句，修饰时间，作状语。此处先行词shop表示事物，后面的定语从句缺少主语，用which引导。 4．Who is the girl ________ is talking with Mr Smith? A．which B．who C．whom D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：和史密斯先生正在交谈的那个女孩是谁？ which哪一个（指物）；who谁（指人，作主语）；whom谁（指人，作宾语）；that那个（可指人或物，作主语或宾语）。在定语从句中，当先行词指人时，关系代词可以用“who”或“that”。但在以“who”开头的特殊疑问句中，为了避免重复，关系代词通常不用“who”，而用“that”。 5．The girl ________ wrote this short story is our class monitor. A．Which B．who C．where D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：写这个短篇故事的女孩是我们的班长。 which用于先行词为事物；who用于先行词为人，在从句中可作主语；where作关系副词，在从句中充当地点状语；whose表示所属关系，意为“……的”。句中先行词the girl指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，应填who。 6．—Do you know the man ________ is giving a speech over there? —Yes, he’s a famous inventor from America. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认识那边正在演讲的那个人吗？——是的，他是来自美国的一位著名发明家。   which哪个（指物）；whose谁的（指所属关系）；who谁（指人，在定语从句中作主语）；whom谁（指人，在定语从句中作宾语）。先行词“the man”指人，关系词在定语从句“is giving a speech”中作主语，应用who。 7．The man ________ wrote the book “Treasure Island” is Robert Louis Stevenson. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：写《金银岛》这本书的人是罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森。 which哪个（指物）；whom谁（宾格）；who谁（主格）；whose谁的（所有格）。根据“The man”可知，先行词是人，且在定语从句中作主语，应用who引导限制性定语从句。 8．They asked him to tell them everything ________ he saw at the front. A．what B．that C．which D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们让他告诉他们他在前线看到的一切。 what什么；that那；which哪一个；where哪里。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句修饰先行词everything。当先行词是不定代词时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。what不能引导定语从句。 9．The book ________ I borrowed from the library is very interesting. A．who B．which C．whose D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我从图书馆借的这本书非常有趣。 who谁；which哪一个；whose谁的；what什么。先行词The book 指物，关系代词在从句中作宾语，应用which引导。 10．He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A．these B．those C．that D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他付给那个男孩10美元清洗十扇窗户，其中大多数窗户至少一年没有清洁过了。 these这些；those那些；that那；which哪个。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词是ten windows，指物，介词of后应用关系代词which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，these和those不能直接引导从句。 11．We should try our best to live a life ________ can make a difference to others. A．which B．who C．what D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该尽力过一种能够对他人产生影响的生活。 空格前是a life，空格后是can make，此处需要一个关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词a life。which指代物，在从句中作主语，符合题意。 who 指代人，先行词不是人； what不能引导定语从句；where指代地点，在从句中作状语，从句缺主语，不缺地点状语。 12．He won the Nobel Prize twice, __________ made him famous all over the world. A．which B．that C．who D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他两次获得诺贝尔奖，这使他闻名世界。 考查非限制性定语从句。which哪一个；that那个；who谁；what什么。分析句子结构，逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句“He won the Nobel Prize twice”，需用关系代词which指代整个主句内容，在从句中作主语。故选A。 13．The teacher asked us ________ we knew the student ________ father is a famous scientist. A．that; who B．whether; which C．why; whom D．if; whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师问我们是否认识那个父亲是著名科学家的学生。 考查宾语从句及定语从句。that那；who谁；whether是否；which哪一个；why为什么；whom谁；if是否；whose谁的。根据“The teacher asked us ... we knew the student”可知，空一处是询问是否认识那个学生，用whether或if引导宾语从句；根据“we knew the student ... father is a famous scientist.”可知，空二处是定语从句，且指的是那个学生的父亲，用whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰名词father。故选D。 14．Mr. Lee is the only doctor ________ we can turn to at present. A．who B．what C．which D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李先生是我们目前唯一可以求助的医生。 考查定语从句。who引导定语从句时，先行词指人；what不用于引导定语从句；which引导定语从句时，先行词指物；that引导定语从句时，先行词可指人，也可指物。根据题干可知，空处是定语从句的引导词，先行词是doctor，指人，且被the only修饰，所以空处应用that引导此定语从句。故选D。 15．New York is the state ________ Donald John Trump was born in. A．when B．where C．who D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：纽约是唐纳德·约翰·特朗普出生的州。 考查定语从句。when关系副词，指代时间；where关系副词，指代地点；who关系代词，指代人，通常作主语；which关系代词，指代物，通常作主语或宾语。该句是为定语从句，“where”是关系副词，引导定语从句时本身包含地点含义（相当于“in which”），因此从句中无需再加“in”，从句部分先从词是“state”，且“Donald John Trump was born in”缺少介词“in”的宾语，需用关系代词which充当该宾语。故选D。 语法选择 When I was a little girl, my mum often told me stories. I still remember one story about a girl 1 never gave up her dream. The girl wanted to be a dancer. But when she was 10, she had a car accident and lost one of her legs. Everyone thought she would never dance again. 2 she heard the bad news, she cried for days. But she didn’t give up. 3 she was in hospital, she kept practising dancing in her mind. After she left hospital, she started training with a special coach. 4 she could walk well, she tried to dance again. It was much harder than before, but she never stopped. She kept training 5 she could take part in a dance competition. 6 she stood on the stage, everyone was shocked by her wonderful performance. She won first prize. 7 then, she has been a symbol of courage for many people. I learnt a lot from the story. 8 I face difficulties, I always think of this girl. I believe that 9 we keep trying, we can achieve our dreams 10 the end. 1．A．who B．which C．what D．whose 2．A．Before B．When C．While D．Since 3．A．While B．Before C．After D．Till 4．A．Till B．Before C．As soon as D．Since 5．A．since B．till C．after D．as soon as 6．A．While B．Since C．When D．Before 7．A．Since B．Till C．When D．Before 8．A．Whatever B．Whenever C．However D．Wherever 9．A．because B．if C．although D．so 10．A．at B．in C．on D．by 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一位女孩在失去一条腿后仍坚持舞蹈梦想，最终通过不懈努力取得成功的故事，传达“坚持梦想、永不放弃”的主题。 【详解】1．句意：我仍然记得一个关于一个从未放弃梦想的女孩的故事。 先行词是a girl，指人，且在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。which指物，what不引导定语从句，whose表示所属关系，均不符合。 2．句意：当她听到这个坏消息时，她哭了好几天。 “她哭了好几天”发生在“听到坏消息”的时候，应用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。before表示“在……之前”，while强调动作同时进行且从句用进行时，since表示“自从”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：当她在医院时，她一直在脑海中练习跳舞。 “她在医院”和“练习跳舞”同时发生，且“练习”是持续性动作，应用while引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时进行。before“在……之前”，after“在……之后”，till“直到”均不符合。 4．句意：她一能走路，就试着再次跳舞。 “能走路”和“尝试跳舞”几乎同时发生，且强调“一……就……”，应用as soon as引导。till“直到”，before“在……之前”，since“自从”，均不符合。 5．句意：她一直训练，直到她能参加舞蹈比赛。 “训练”持续到“能参加比赛”为止，应用till/until引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……”。since“自从”，after“在……之后”，as soon as“一……就……”，均不符合。 6．句意：当她站在舞台上时，所有人都被她的精彩表演震惊了。 “站在舞台上”和“被震惊”动作同时发生，且“站”是短暂性动作，应用when引导时间状语从句。while强调动作同时进行且从句常用进行时，since“自从”，before“在……之前”，均不符合。 7．句意：从那以后，她一直是许多人勇气的象征。 “她成为象征”是从“赢得一等奖”那刻起持续到现在的动作，应用since then（从那以后）结构，主句用现在完成时。till“直到”，when“当……时”，before“在……之前”，均不符合。 8．句意：每当我遇到困难时，我总会想起这个女孩。 “遇到困难”是“想起女孩”的时间条件，应用whenever引导让步状语从句，表示“每当”。whatever“无论什么”，however“无论怎样”，wherever“无论哪里”，均不符合。 9．句意：我相信如果我们继续努力，我们最终能实现梦想。 “继续努力”是“实现梦想”的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。because“因为”，although“尽管”，so“所以”，均不符合。 10．句意：我相信如果我们继续努力，我们最终能实现梦想。 in the end为固定搭配，意为“最后，最终”。at the end常接of表示“在……末尾”，on和by不与end构成此固定短语 语法填空 根据下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a recent survey, violence (暴力) did happen in schools. Students showed 1 (they) fear and parents and teachers also expressed their worries about it. Experts hope that 2 whole society pay more attention to the mental health of teenagers. Nowadays, school violence is a hot problem. I think this is also a big problem that needs our great attention. We should make every effort to prevent violence from 3 (happen) at school, because more and more students would drop out of school if their personal 4 (safe) couldn’t be guaranteed (被保证). In fact, violence can 5 (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from 6 they see on television or on the Internet. If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead to 7 (much) fighting. If I meet with school violence, I 8 (tell) my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from bad 9 (child). All in all, every student should behave well and keep away 10 violence. 【答案】1．their 2．the 3．happening 4．safety 5．be learned/be learnt 6．what 7．more 8．will tell 9．children 10．from 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，围绕校园暴力这一热点话题展开，分析了暴力行为的来源，并且给出面对校园暴力时的正确做法，呼吁全体学生远离暴力。 【详解】1．句意：学生们表现出他们的恐惧，家长和老师们也表达了对此的担忧。该处需要形容词性物主代词；后面接名词fear，要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词是their。因此填their。 2．句意：专家希望全社会更多关注青少年的心理健康。该处需要定冠词；固定搭配the whole society表示“全社会”，用the限定whole。因此填the。 3．句意：我们应当竭尽全力阻止校园暴力发生。该处需要非谓语动词；固定搭配prevent…from doing sth.表示“阻止……做某事”，介词from后接动名词，happen的动名词为happening。因此填happening。 4．句意：因为如果学生的人身安全得不到保障，越来越多学生会辍学。该处需要名词；形容词personal后面接名词，safe的名词形式是safety，表示“安全”。因此填safety。 5．句意：事实上，暴力是可以被习得的。该处需要谓语动词；violence和learn之间是被动关系，情态动词can后接be+过去分词，learn的过去分词为learned或learnt。因此填be learned/be learnt。 6．句意：孩子们从成年人身上，或是从电视、网络上所看到的内容中学到暴力行为。该处需要宾语从句引导词；介词from后面接宾语从句，从句中缺少see的宾语，用what表示“……的事物”。因此填what。 7．句意：如果遭遇校园暴力，我不会以暴制暴，因为这会引发更多争斗。该处需要形容词比较级；结合语境，此处表示“更多的”，much的比较级是more。因此填more。 8．句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我会告诉老师或者父母。该处需要谓语动词；if引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”，从句为一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”。因此填will tell。 9．句意：我认为他们会帮我妥善处理，保护我远离品行不好的孩子。该处需要名词复数；此处表泛指，child的复数形式是children。因此填children。 10．句意：总而言之，每一位学生都应当举止得体，远离暴力。该处需要介词；固定搭配keep away from表示“远离”。因此填from。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $