Unit 4 Body Language 语法(动词-ing作表语;宾语)导学案-2026-2027学年人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册

该高中英语导学案聚焦Unit4 Body Language中v-ing作表语和宾语的语法点，通过定义解析、功能分类及单元主题例句，引导学生先掌握v-ing作表语的形容词性与名词性用法，再学习作宾语时动词和介词后的固定搭配，最后对比辨析v-ing作主语、表语、宾语的差异，搭建递进式知识支架。 资料以单元主题为语境，用“令人……”与“感到……”对比组及互换验证法强化v-ing与v-ed的区分，助力学生精准理解语法功能，培养思维品质。配套口诀记忆高频动词、分层设计填空改写翻译练习并附详细答案，有效提升学生语言运用能力和自主学习效率，便于教师开展针对性教学。

Unit4 Body Language语法讲解与练习 v-ing作宾语和表语详细讲解 一、核心语法精讲 （一）v-ing 作表语 1. 定义与功能 ving 形式放在系动词之后，在句中充当表语，对主语进行补充说明。 常见可接 ving 作表语的系动词：be / feel / look / seem / remain ✅句式：主语+系动词+ ving（表语） 语义分两类： ① 现在分词（形容词性）：多翻译为“令人…… 的”，描述主语本身的性质、特征、状态，侧重事物带给人的外在感受； ② 动名词（名词性）：多翻译为“是…… 的/做……（这件事）”，解释主语的具体内容（工作、任务、目标等）。 2. 单元例句 用法 1：描述事物、行为的特征（形容词性现在分词） ving 相当于形容词，刻画主语本身特质，表达 “令人……”，主语多为事物、现象、场景，主语与表语不能互换。 例句1：Body language is fascinating. 译文：肢体语言极具吸引力。 解析：fascinating 是现在分词作表语，描述主语 body language 的固有特质，意为 “令人着迷的”，说明肢体语言这个事物带给人的感受；不能改写为 Fascinating is body language。 例句2：The way he uses gestures is amazing. 译文：他使用手势的方式令人惊叹。 解析：amazing 作表语，描述 “使用手势的方式” 这一行为特征。 用法 2：描述动作、行为的内容（名词性动名词，解释主语是什么） ving（动名词短语）指代一件具体行为，用来解释主语（工作/任务/目标/爱好）的实际内容。 ✅重要标志：主语和动名词表语可以互换位置，句子依然成立。 例句1：His job is observing people’s facial expressions. 译文：他的工作是观察人们的面部表情。 解析：动名词短语 observing people’s facial expressions 整体作表语，用来解释主语 his job 的具体工作内容。 互换验证：Observing people’s facial expressions is his job.（句子成立） 例句2：My main task is studying different kinds of body language. 译文：我的主要任务是研究不同种类的肢体语言。 互换验证：Studying different kinds of body language is my main task. 3. 必考区分：ving 作表语 VS ved 作表语 形式 含义 修饰对象 逻辑关系 ving（现在分词） 令人…… 的 事物、行为、场景 主动含义：主语使人产生某种感受 ved（过去分词） 感到…… 的 人/人的表情眼神 被动含义：人被外界事物影响，产生内心感受 ving：事物本身具备的特点，它让人…… ved：人的内心体验，人被弄得感到…… 1.I am confused by the gesture. 译文：我被这个手势弄糊涂了。 解析：confused（ved）作表语，修饰人I，表达人的主观内心感受； 逻辑：我被手势搞得困惑，带有被动意味。 2.The gesture is confusing. 译文：这个手势令人费解。 解析：confusing（ving）作表语，修饰事物 the gesture； 逻辑：这个手势本身的特点，它让别人感到困惑。 单元主题配套对比组 ① She is astonished at his body language. 她对他的肢体语言感到吃惊。（人感到吃惊） ② His body language is astonishing. 他的肢体语言令人吃惊。（事物令人吃惊） ① We are interested in nonverbal communication. 我们对非语言交流很感兴趣。（人感到感兴趣） ② Nonverbal communication is interesting. 非语言交流很有意思。（事物令人觉得有趣） （二）v-ing 作宾语 1. 定义与句式 放在及物动词、介词后面作宾语，表示习惯性、经常性、抽象性动作。 句式：主语+谓语动词 + v-ing（宾语） 2. 只接 v-ing 不接 to do 的高频必考动词（单元核心） 熟记口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想，避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏 高频清单（单元出题重点）： consider(考虑), suggest(建议), avoid(避免), finish(完成), practice(练习), imagine(想象), mind(介意), admit(承认), deny(否认), appreciate(感激、欣赏) 3. 单元例句 例句1：We should avoid misreading others’ body language. 解析：avoid 后必须接 v-ing 作宾语，不能接 to do；句意：我们应避免误读他人的肢体语言。 例句2：He practices understanding non-verbal communication every day. 解析：practice 后固定搭配 doing，表反复练习做某事。 例句3：I appreciate seeing sincere smiles on people’s faces. 解析：appreciate 后只能用 doing 作宾语，表“感激/欣赏做某事”。 4. 介词后必接 v-ing（超高频考点） 所有介词（in/on/at/of/for/by/with/about）后，一律用 v-ing 作宾语 例句：Good manners lie in respecting others’ feelings. 解析：介词in后接respecting作宾语。 （三）重难点辨析：doing作表语VS doing作主语VS doing作宾语 1. 作主语：doing 置于句首，充当句子动作主体（谓语常用单数） ① Learning a foreign language requires patience and constant practice. 学习一门外语需要耐心和持之以恒的练习。 ② Ignoring others’ advice may lead to serious mistakes. 忽视他人的建议可能会导致严重的错误。 2. 作宾语：doing 置于动词/介词之后 动词后作宾语 ① He avoids arguing with others whenever disagreements appear. 每当出现分歧，他都避免和别人争吵。 ② She suggested holding a discussion about the socialmedia problem. 她建议就社交媒体问题开展一场讨论。 介词后作宾语 ① He devotes most of his spare time to researching traditional culture. 他把大部分业余时间投入到研究传统文化上。 ② Before making a final decision, think twice about possible results. 在做出最终决定前，仔细考量可能出现的后果。 3. 作表语：doing 置于系动词后，说明主语的内容、性质 ① My main interest is exploring the history of ancient civilizations. 我的主要兴趣是探究古代文明的历史。 ② His task is organizing volunteer activities for the community. 他的任务就是为社区组织志愿活动。 要点提示：动名词作表语可与主语互换,句意不变： Exploring the history of ancient civilizations is my main interest. = My main interest is exploring the history of ancient civilizations. 二、专项配套练习 大题一：用所给词的正确形式填空 1. His gesture is quite ________ (confuse), so nobody understands his meaning. 2. We should avoid ________ (misread) other people’s facial expressions. 3. Her job is ________ (study) non-verbal communication in daily life. 4. I appreciate ________ (see) warm and sincere smiles from strangers. 5. Crossing legs while sitting is ________ (consider) impolite in some countries. 6. He practices ________ (interpret) body language correctly every day. 7. The most important thing in communication is ________ (respect) others. 8. She denied ________ (misunderstand) the speaker’s body signals. 9. Staring directly at strangers is ________ (threaten) in many cultures. 10. We must finish ________ (learn) the basic rules of body language today. 11. Good communication lies in ________ (listen) patiently to others. 12. I don’t mind ________ (explain) the meaning of different gestures again. 13. His attitude remains ________ (encourage) to all the learners. 14. The expert suggested ________ (pay) more attention to eye contact. 15. Shaking hands firmly is ________ (show) politeness and respect. 大题二：句子改写 要求：根据句意，改写为含 v-ing作表语/宾语 的句式，句意不变 1. It is impolite to stare at others in public. ____________________________________________________ 2. People should not misread non-verbal signals. ____________________________________________________ 3. To understand body language is useful for cross-cultural communication. ____________________________________________________ 4. He likes to observe people’s facial expressions in social situations. ____________________________________________________ 5. It is threatening to cross arms during a talk. ____________________________________________________ 6. To communicate well requires listening carefully. ____________________________________________________ 7. To keep eye contact shows your sincerity. ____________________________________________________ 8. We should avoid making improper body movements. ____________________________________________________ 9. It is confusing to use wrong body language in foreign countries. ____________________________________________________ 10. The teacher advised us to practice reading silent messages. ____________________________________________________ 11. To smile warmly can shorten the distance between people. ____________________________________________________ 12. He admitted that he had misunderstood the gesture. ____________________________________________________ 13. It is meaningful to study body language systematically. ____________________________________________________ 大题三：汉译英句子翻译 1. 误读肢体语言会造成跨文化交流的误会。 ____________________________________________________ 2. 在交谈中保持眼神交流是非常真诚的表现。 ____________________________________________________ 3. 我很欣赏在社交场合面带微笑的人。 ____________________________________________________ 4. 在一些国家，直视陌生人是具有威慑性的。 ____________________________________________________ 5. 我们应该避免在公共场合做出不礼貌的手势。 ____________________________________________________ 6. 他的工作是研究不同文化中的非语言交流方式。 ____________________________________________________ 7. 正确解读面部表情有助于良好的人际沟通。 ____________________________________________________ 8. 我不介意再次解释这些肢体动作的文化差异。 ____________________________________________________ 9. 僵硬的肢体动作看起来十分不自然。 ____________________________________________________ 10. 专家建议我们多关注日常交流中的无声信号。 ____________________________________________________ 11. 真诚的微笑是拉近人与人距离的有效方式。 ____________________________________________________ 12. 他承认自己误解了对方的肢体语言。 ____________________________________________________ 13. 学习肢体语言对于跨文化学习者非常有价值。 ____________________________________________________ 14. 礼貌在于尊重他人的习惯与文化。 ____________________________________________________ 15. 错误的肢体表达往往令人感到尴尬。 ____________________________________________________ Keys 大题一 1. confusing 2. misreading 3. studying 4. seeing 5. considered 6. interpreting 7. respecting 8. misunderstanding 9. threatening 10. learning 11. listening 12. explaining 13. encouraging 14. paying 15. showing 大题二 1. Staring at others in public is impolite. 2. People should avoid misreading non-verbal signals. 3. Understanding body language is useful for cross-cultural communication. 4. He likes observing people’s facial expressions in social situations. 5. Crossing arms during a talk is threatening. 6. Communicating well requires listening carefully. 7. Keeping eye contact shows your sincerity. 8. We should avoid making improper body movements. 9. Using wrong body language in foreign countries is confusing. 10. The teacher advised practicing reading silent messages. 11. Smiling warmly can shorten the distance between people. 12. He admitted misunderstanding the gesture. 13. Studying body language systematically is meaningful. 大题三 1. Misreading body language causes misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication. 2. Keeping eye contact in conversations is a sign of sincerity. 3. I appreciate seeing people wearing smiles in social situations. 4. Staring directly at strangers is threatening in some countries. 5. We should avoid making impolite gestures in public. 6. His job is studying non-verbal communication in different cultures. 7. Interpreting facial expressions correctly contributes to good interpersonal communication. 8. I don’t mind explaining the cultural differences of these body movements again. 9. Stiff body movements look very unnatural. 10. Experts suggest paying more attention to silent signals in daily communication. 11. Smiling sincerely is an effective way to shorten the distance between people. 12. He admitted misunderstanding the other person’s body language. 13. Learning body language is valuable for cross-cultural learners. 14. Politeness lies in respecting others’ habits and cultures. 15. Wrong body expressions are often embarrassing. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $