晨读小练40：Unit 4 Body Language Using Language 课文翻译及语法填空-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语学习任务单聚焦选择性必修一Unit 4肢体语言与教学互动的核心内容，以课文“How DO I KNOW MY STUDENTS?”为载体，通过英汉对照翻译、重点词汇拓展（如educator, tick等词形变换）、短语积累（如make eye contact, lean forward）及语法点解析（被动语态、间接引语等），构建从语言理解到应用的学习支架，帮助学生掌握肢体语言在课堂观察中的逻辑脉络。 资料突出语言能力与思维品质的协同培养，通过课文佳句赏析（如with复合结构描写）提升语言表达，结合肢体语言分析培养推断与区分能力。分层习题设计精巧，语法填空、词形变换紧扣课文内容强化基础，单元话题作文提供范文引导输出，有效发展学习能力，助力学生综合素养提升。

高中英语晨读小练素材 Every minute counts. 晨读小练40：选择性必修一 Unit 4 Using Language 课文翻译及语法填空 HOW DO I KNOW MY STUDENTS? 我如何了解我的学生？ Paragraph 1 As an educator, people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students. Many students are quite shy and don't speak all that much. At the same time, in a classroom of more than forty students, it is hard to have many one-on-one conversations with each person. So, how can I really know what makes each student tick? My answer? I look at their body language. 作为一名教育工作者，经常有人问我如何了解学生的思想动态。很多学生都比较腼腆，不怎么说话。同时，在四十多个学生的教室里，很难和每个人进行很多一对一的交谈。那么，如何才能真正了解每个学生的特点呢？我的答案是什么？我看他们的肢体语言。 【重点必背】 educator n. 教师；教育工作者；教育家→ educate vt. 教育 → education n. 教育 tick vt. 给(试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi. (钟表)发出嘀嗒声 n. 钩号 Paragraph 2 It is easy to recognise when students are interested in a lesson. Most tend to look up and make eye contact. When I make a joke, they smile. When I talk about something difficult, they look confused. I know when students are really interested, however, because they lean forward and look at me. People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in. So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. If two friends are leaning their heads together, they are probably writing notes to each other. Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. Some students look up, but there is an absence of eye contact. Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distant expression on their faces. It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open. 学生对某堂课感兴趣是很容易识别的。大多数人会抬起头来，进行眼神交流。当我讲笑话时，他们会微笑。当我讲到一些困难的东西时，他们会显得很困惑。然而，我知道什么时候学生真的感兴趣，因为他们会向前倾，看着我。人们有一种倾向，就是对任何他们感兴趣的东西都会往前靠。所以，如果一个学生低着头看表，就意味着他很无聊，只是在计算下课的时间。如果两个朋友的头靠在一起，可能是在给对方写纸条。当然，并不是每个抬头的人都在上课时专心致志。有些学生抬起头来，但没有眼神交流。他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上总是带着同样的冷漠表情。就好像他们睁着眼睛在睡觉一样。 【重点必背】 tend to倾向于；往往会 make eye contact眼神交流 lean forward向前倾 tendency n. 趋势；倾向→ tend vt.&vi. 照料；护理 vi. 倾向于；有……的趋势 lower vt. 把……放低；降低；减少 adj. 下面的；下方的；较小的 imply vt. 意味着；暗示 absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 barely adv. 几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚 → bare adj. 赤裸的；光秃秃的 Paragraph 3 Some students are amused by something else. They spend all their time looking anywhere but at me. Then again, some students' favourite activity is daydreaming. With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. They are certainly interested in something, but who knows what. The main thing is reminding distracted students that they need to pay attention in class. 一些学生被其他事情逗乐了。他们总是在看任何地方，就是不看我。有些学生最喜欢的活动是做白日梦。他们用手托着下巴，通过盯着窗外或天花板来充实自己。他们当然对某些东西感兴趣，但谁知道是什么呢？最主要的是提醒分心的学生，他们需要在课堂上专心听讲。 【重点必背】 chin n. 下巴 with their chins on their hands（读后续写之人物动作描写）他们用手托着下巴 occupy vt. 占据；占用→ occupied adj. 使用中；忙于；被占领的 → occupation n. 占领；职业 stare vi. 盯着看；凝视 n. 凝视 ceiling n. 天花板；上限 【课文佳句】With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.（with复合结构；人物动作描写） 他们用手托着下巴，非常专注地盯着窗外或上面的天花板。 Paragraph 4 While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies. Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown. They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed. Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. However, if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work. It could be that she is having serious conflicts with other students or at home. Whatever it is, I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on. 虽然很容易察觉到学生什么时候感兴趣、无聊或心不在焉，但有时要区分学生什么时候有烦恼就难多了。生气、害怕、焦虑的学生可能会双手交叉在胸前，双腿合拢或交叉，像是在保护自己的身体。悲伤或担忧的学生几乎都会皱着眉头。他们也会用手掩面，像是感到尴尬或羞愧。有些学生之所以有这样的行为，只是因为他们害怕被老师叫住。但是，如果一个学生不屑于梳理自己的头发，而且眼睛哭得通红，那么我可以推断出有更深层次的问题在作祟。可能是她与其他同学或家里发生了严重的矛盾。不管是什么，我知道我需要询问和评估发生了什么。 【重点必背】 perceive vt. 察觉；看待；理解 distinguish vi.&vt. 区分；辨别 → distinguished adj. 卓越的；杰出的 anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；害怕 → anxious adj. 忧虑的；焦虑的 → anxiously adv. 焦虑地 chest n. 胸部；胸膛 embarrassed adj. 难堪的；尴尬的 → embarrassing adj. 使人难堪的 → embarrass vt. 使窘迫；使尴尬 ashamed adj. 羞愧；惭愧→ shame n. 羞耻；羞愧 → shameful adj. 可耻的 merely adv. 只是；仅仅；只不过 bother vi.&vt. 费心；麻烦；因……操心 n. 麻烦；不便 weep vi.&vt. 哭泣；流泪 infer vt. 推断；推定 at work有某种影响；在工作 conflict n. 矛盾；冲突 vi. 冲突；抵触 inquire vi.&vt. 询问；打听 【课文佳句】While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.（while引导让步状语从句）尽管学生们何时（对讲课）感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。 Paragraph 5 Ultimately, my duty is helping every student to learn. Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities, when to intervene, and when to talk to students individually, so they can get the most out of school. Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher. 最终，我的职责是帮助每个学生学习。他们的肢体语言让我知道什么时候应该调整课堂活动，什么时候应该干预，什么时候应该与学生单独交谈，这样他们就能从学校得到最大的收获。对肢体语言做出反应是作为一名教师的重要组成部分。 【重点必背】 ultimately adv. 最终；最后 adjust vt. 调整；调节 vi.&vt. 适应；(使)习惯 → adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的 → adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应 react vi.（对……）起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→ reaction n. 反应；副作用 component n. 组成部分；零件 【重点短语】 1.by contrast 　　 相比之下 2.by comparison (与……)相比较 3.make inferences 推理；推断 4.break down 消除；分解；打破 5.straighten up 直起来；整理；收拾整齐 6.in other words 换句话说；也就是说 7.call on (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请 8.at work 有某种影响；在工作 【课文词块】 1.vary from culture to culture 因文化的不同而不同 2.make eye contact 眼神交流 3.look into one's eyes 注视某人的眼睛 4.shake one's head 摇头 5.kiss sb.on the cheek 亲吻某人的脸颊 6.get through difficult situations　　摆脱困境 7.feel down 感到沮丧 8.lean forward 向前倾斜 9.have one's head lowered 低下头 10.in one's mind 在某人的脑海中 【单元话题作文】 (2024·山东省济宁市模拟) 假定你是李华，你校英文网站新增了Amazing China栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个你最喜欢的地方。内容包括：1.该地的基本情况；2.该地的特色；3.你的印象和感受。 The Place I Like Best A must­see scenic spot I fancy most is the West Lake，a world­renowned attraction. It is located in Hangzhou，also referred to as Heaven on Earth.Due to its stunning natural beauty，like Three Ponds Mirroring the Moon，and numerous tales full of literary significance，it is listed as one of the world's cultural heritages.Also of primary note is the local cuisine such as Beggar's Chicken and Dongpo Pork，which enjoys lasting popularity at home and abroad. You cannot fail to get fascinated by this delightful destination. 【小练1】课文语法填空（根据课文内容，用所给词的正确形式填空） 1. As an educator, people often ask me how I know what is going on in the ____________ (mind) of my students. 2. Many students are quite shy and don't speak all that much. At the same time, in a classroom of more than forty students, it is hard to have many one-on-one conversations with each person. （改为被动语态） → Many students are quite shy and don't speak all that much. At the same time, in a classroom of more than forty students, many one-on-one conversations with each person ____________ ____________ ____________ to have. 3. Most tend to look up and make eye contact. When I make a joke, they smile. （改为间接引语） → He said that most ____________ to look up and make eye contact and that when he ____________ a joke, they smiled. 4. People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they ____________ (interest) in. 5. So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he ____________ (be) bored. 6. If two friends are leaning their heads together, they are probably writing notes to each other. （改为被动语态） → Notes ____________ probably ____________ ____________ to each other if two friends are leaning their heads together. 7. Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distant ____________ (express) on their faces. 8. With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by ____________ (stare) out of the window or up at the ceiling. 【小练2】词汇或语法填空 1. It is hard to have many one-on-one conversations with each person. （改为同义句） → Many one-on-one conversations with each person ____________ ____________ to have. 2. Most tend to look up and ____________ (make) eye contact. 3. People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they ____________ (interest) in. 4. If a student has his head ____________ (lower) to look at his watch, it implies he is bored. 5. They occupy themselves by ____________ (stare) out of the window. 6. It is sometimes much harder ____________ (distinguish) when students are troubled. 【小练3】词形变换 1. interaction n. 交流；相互影响；→ _____________ v. 互动；→ _____________ adj. 互动的；相互影响的；相互配合的； 2. variety n. （植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样性；→ _____________ v. (根据情况)变化；改变；→ _____________ adj. 各种各样的；各种不同的；→ _____________ n. 变化；变体；变奏曲；→ _____________ adj. 各种各样的；形形色色的； 3. appropriate adj. 合适的；恰当的；→ _____________ adv. 恰当地；合适地； 4. approve vi. 赞成；同意；vt. 批准；通过；→ _____________ n. 批准；支持；认可；→ _____________ adj. 赞成的；同意的； 5. unemployed adj. 失业的；待业的；→ _____________ vt. 使用；应用；雇佣；→ _____________ n. 雇佣；→ _____________ n. 雇佣者；雇主；→ _____________ n. 员工； 6. identical adj. 完全相同的；非常相似的；→ _____________ adv. 同一地；相等地； 7. interpret vt. 把…理解（解释）为；vi.&vt. 口译；→ _____________ n. 解释；说明；理解；→ _____________ n. 传译者；口译者； 8. differ vi. 相异；不同于；→ _____________ n. 差异；不同；→ _____________ adj. 不同的； 9. compare vt. 比较；对比；→ _____________ n. 比较；相比； 10. favor vt. 较喜欢；选择；有利于；n. 帮助；恩惠；赞同；→ _____________ adj. 赞同的；有利的； 11. infer vt. 推断；推定；→ _____________ n. 推断；推测； 12. anger n. 愤怒；怒气；vt. 使生气；激怒；→ _____________ adj. 生气的； 13. reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的；→ _____________ vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖； 14. slight adj. 轻微的；略微的；细微的；→ _____________ adv. 略微；稍微； 15. nonverbal adj. 不涉及言语的；非言语的；→ _____________ adj. 言语的； 16. assess vt. 评估；评价；→ _____________ n. 评价；评定； 17. internal adj. 内部的；里面的；→ _____________ adj. 外部的；外在的； 18. clarify vt. 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清；→ _____________ n. 澄清；解释； 19. educator n. 教师；教育工作者；教育家；→ _____________ v. 教育；→ _____________ n. 教育；→ _____________ adj. 教育；→ _____________ adj. 受过教育的；有教养的； 20. tend vt. 照顾；照料；vi. 倾向；趋于；→ _____________ n. 趋势；倾向； 21. imply vt. 意味着；暗示；→ _____________ n. 含义；暗示；影响； 22. barely adv. 几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚；→ ____________adj. 赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的； 23. occupation n. 职业；占领；→ _____________ vt. 占据；占用；→ _____________ adj. 被占领的；有人使用的；忙于…的； 24. distract vt. 分散（注意力）；使分心；→ _____________ n. 分心；分散；→ _____________ adj. 注意力分散的；思想不集中的； 25. perceive vt. 察觉；看待；理解；→ _____________ n. 注意；察觉； 26. distinguish vi.&vt. 区分；区别；→ _____________ adj. 卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的； 27. anxious adj. 焦虑的；不安的 → _____________ n.担心；焦虑；渴望 → _____________ adv.焦虑地；不安地 28. embarrassing adj. → _____________ adj. 难堪的；尴尬的；→ _____________ vt. 使尴尬；→ _____________ n. 尴尬； 29. ashamed adj. 羞愧；惭愧；→ _____________ n. 羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事；→ 30. merely adv. 只是；仅仅；只不过；→ _____________ adj. 仅仅；只不过； 31. bother vi.&v.费心；麻烦；因……操心；n.麻烦；不便；→ _____________ adj. 担心的；烦恼的； 32. ultimate adj. 最后的；最终的；→ _____________ adv. 最终；最后； 33. adjust vt. 调整；调节；vi.&n. 适应；（使）习惯；→ _____________ n. 调整；调节；适应；→ _____________ adj. 可调节的；可调整的； 34. intervene vi. 干预；介入； → _____________ n. 介入；出面；干涉； 35. reaction n. 反应；回应；→ _____________ v. （对……）起反应；回应；（对食物等）有不良反应； 【参考答案】 【小练1】课文语法填空 minds are hard to have tended; made are interested is are; being written expression staring 【小练2】词汇或语法填空 are hard make are interested lowered staring to distinguish 【小练3】词形变换 1. interaction n. 交流；相互影响；→ interact v. 互动；→ interactive adj. 互动的；相互影响的；相互配合的； 2. variety n. （植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样性；→ vary v. (根据情况)变化；改变；→ various adj. 各种各样的；各种不同的；→ variation n. 变化；变体；变奏曲；→ varied adj. 各种各样的；形形色色的； 3. appropriate adj. 合适的；恰当的；→ appropriately adv. 恰当地；合适地；→ inappropriate adj. 不合适的； 4. approve vi. 赞成；同意；vt. 批准；通过；→ approval n. 批准；支持；认可；→ approving adj. 赞成的；同意的；→[反]disapprove v. 不赞成；不同意； 5. unemployed adj. 失业的；待业的；→ employ vt. 使用；应用；雇佣；→ employment n. 雇佣；→ employer n. 雇佣者；雇主；→ employee n. 员工； 6. identical adj. 完全相同的；非常相似的；→ identically adv. 同一地；相等地； 7. interpret vt. 把…理解（解释）为；vi.&vt. 口译；→interpretation n. 解释；说明；理解；→ interpreter n. 传译者；口译者； 8. differ vi. 相异；不同于；→ difference n. 差异；不同；→ different adj. 不同的； 9. compare vt. 比较；对比；→ comparison n. 比较；相比；→ by comparison （与…）相比较； 10. favor vt. 较喜欢；选择；有利于；n. 帮助；恩惠；赞同；→ favourable adj. 赞同的；有利的；→ favourite adj. 特别受喜欢的； 11. infer vt. 推断；推定；→ inference n. 推断；推测；→ make inferences 推理；推断； 12. anger n. 愤怒；怒气；vt. 使生气；激怒；→ angry adj. 生气的； 13. reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的；→ rely vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖； 14. slight adj. 轻微的；略微的；细微的；→ slightly adv. 略微；稍微； 15. nonverbal adj. 不涉及言语的；非言语的；→ verbal adj. 言语的； 16. assess vt. 评估；评价；→ assessment n. 评价；评定； 17. internal adj. 内部的；里面的；→ external adj. 外部的；外在的； 18. clarify vt. 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清；→ clarification n. 澄清；解释； 19. educator n. 教师；教育工作者；教育家；→ educate v. 教育；→ education n. 教育；→ educational adj. 教育；→ educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的； 20. tend vt. 照顾；照料；vi. 倾向；趋于；→ tendency n. 趋势；倾向； 21. imply vt. 意味着；暗示；→ implication n. 含义；暗示；影响； 22. barely adv. 几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚；→ bare adj. 赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的； 23. occupation n. 职业；占领；→ occupy vt. 占据；占用；→ occupied adj. 被占领的；有人使用的；忙于…的； 24. distract vt. 分散（注意力）；使分心；→ distraction n. 分心；分散；→ distracted adj. 注意力分散的；思想不集中的； 25. perceive vt. 察觉；看待；理解；→ perception n. 注意；察觉； 26. distinguish vi.&vt. 区分；区别；→ distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的； 27. anxious adj. 焦虑的；不安的 → anxiety n.担心；焦虑；渴望 → anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地 28. embarrassing adj. → embarrassed adj. 难堪的；尴尬的；→ embarrass vt. 使尴尬；→ embarrassment n. 尴尬； 29. ashamed adj. 羞愧；惭愧；→ shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事；→ shameful adj. 可耻的；→ shameless adj. 无耻的；没廉耻的； 30. merely adv. 只是；仅仅；只不过；→ mere adj. 仅仅；只不过； 31. bother vi.&v.费心；麻烦；因……操心；n.麻烦；不便；→ bothered adj. 担心的；烦恼的； 32. ultimate adj. 最后的；最终的；→ultimately adv. 最终；最后； 33. adjust vt. 调整；调节；vi.&n. 适应；（使）习惯；→ adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应；→ adjustable adj. 可调节的；可调整的； 34. intervene vi. 干预；介入； → intervention n. 介入；出面；干涉； 35. reaction n. 反应；回应；→ react v. （对……）起反应；回应；（对食物等）有不良反应 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $